Machine and method for picking up, smashing, grinding and returning straw to field

Abstract

The invention discloses a straw picking, smashing, grinding and returning machine tool and method. The machine tool comprises a machine frame, a three-point suspension device, a picking device, a transmission system, a smashing device, a grinding device and a rotary tillage device. The picking device completes picking of straw, the auger conveys the straw from the picking device into the smashing device, the smashing device cuts off and smashes the straw conveyed by the auger and then throws the straw into the grinding device, the grinding device grinds the smashed straw into powder and then discharges the powder, and the rotary tillage device conducts rotary tillage, covering and field returning on the straw powder discharged by the grinding device. The method of straw picking, smashing, grinding and rotary tillage is adopted, the straw grinding and returning device is achieved, the influence of straw returning on afterreap crop sowing is reduced, the straw returning quality is improved, the problems that a traditional straw returning machine is single in function, and the straw smashing granularity is large, so that the influence on afterreap crop sowing growth is caused are solved, and the straw grinding and returning device is suitable for large-scale popularization and application. Meanwhile, straw picking, smashing, grinding and rotary tillage returning devices are included, the smashing granularity is small, and operation is easy and convenient.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention belongs to the technical field of agricultural machinery, and in particular relates to a straw picking, crushing, grinding and returning machine and method, which is suitable for returning straw to the field in powder form. Background Art

[0002] Returning straw to the field is the main way to deal with straw, which has important economic and ecological benefits. However, a large amount of straw mixed into the soil changes the soil aggregate structure and the physical properties of the soil tillage layer, causing problems such as weak rooting of subsequent crops and congestion of furrow openers of tillage and sowing machinery. In order to reduce the impact of returning straw to the field on the characteristics of the tillage layer, the straw returning process has developed from single returning processes such as direct crushing, plowing, rotary tillage, picking up and crushing, picking up and burying in furrows, and returning the whole straw to the field to combined processes such as crushing and rotary tillage, double-axis rotary tillage, plowing and rotary tillage, rotary tillage and burying, crushing and burying, crushing and burying in furrows, and crushing and rotary tillage and burying.

[0003] In terms of straw crushing methods, the direct crushing and spreading has been developed to double-axis crushing, picking-crushing, cutting-crushing and picking-secondary crushing, and the degree and uniformity of straw crushing have been continuously improved. Improving the degree of straw crushing is an effective way to eliminate the impact of straw return on the tillage characteristics of the topsoil.

[0004] Inspired by the fact that farmers tend to burn straw into ash and return it to the fields in actual production, and based on the theory that the finer the straw is crushed, the better it is for returning it to the fields, we think of using certain technical means to crush the straw into the level of ash powder and then bury it evenly in the soil, which will definitely greatly improve the effect of returning straw to the fields. Summary of the invention

[0005] In view of the defects of the above-mentioned prior art, the technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to provide a machine and method for picking up, crushing, grinding and returning straw to the field, which adopts the methods of straw picking, crushing, grinding and rotary tillage to realize a straw grinding and returning device to the field, reduce the impact of straw returning to the field on the sowing of subsequent crops, improve the quality of straw returning to the field, and solve the problem of the single function and large straw crushing particle size of traditional straw return machines affecting the sowing and growth of subsequent crops. At the same time, it includes a straw picking, crushing, grinding and rotary tillage returning device with small crushing particle size and easy operation.

[0006] In order to achieve the above-mentioned purpose, the present invention adopts the following technical measures:

[0007] The straw picking, crushing, grinding and returning machine to the field of the present invention comprises a frame, a three-point suspension device, a picking device, a transmission system, a crushing device, a grinding device and a rotary tillage device; the frame comprises a first support beam, a second support beam, a third support beam, a fourth support beam, a fifth support beam, a discharge port support assembly, a crushing device support assembly, a grinding device support assembly, a first left side plate, a second left side plate, a first right side plate, a second right side plate, a first upper side plate and a second upper side plate; the lower suspension point of the three-point suspension device is welded to the first upper side plate and the first support beam, and the rear traction tube is connected to the third support beam by bolts; the left end of the curtain plate is fixed to the frame, and the right end thereof is fixed to the right side plate, the rear traction tube and the lower suspension point of the three-point suspension device are respectively fixed to the frame and the first upper side plate by bolts, and the transmission system is fixed On the first upper side plate, the picking device is located below the first upper side plate and behind the curtain plate, and the right end of the transmission system passes through the first right side plate; the crushing device is located behind the transmission device and the first upper side plate, and connected to the second upper side plate, the grinding device is located to the right of the crushing device and above the second upper side plate, and the crushing device and the grinding device are connected by a connecting pipe, the rotary tillage device is located below the second upper side plate and behind the grinding device, and one end passes through the second right side plate; the picking device completes the picking of straw, the auger transports the straw from the picking device to the crushing device, the crushing device cuts and crushes the straw transported by the auger and throws it into the grinding device, the grinding device grinds the crushed straw into powder and discharges it, and the rotary tillage device rotary tills and buries the straw powder discharged by the grinding device and returns it to the field.

[0008] Preferably, the picking device includes a main shaft located in the center and four spring-tooth shafts surrounding the main shaft, the spring-tooth shaft and the left and right ends of the main shaft are respectively fixed on the bearing seat, the flange and the shaft head assembly; the left end of the main shaft passes through the reinforcing plate, and the right end passes through the disc cam, the spring teeth are evenly distributed on the spring-tooth shaft, and the shaft head assembly at the right end is equipped with a bearing, which can rotate around the groove in the disc cam, and the spring-tooth guard is evenly distributed on the fixing frame, the left end of the fixing frame is welded to the reinforcing plate, and the right end is welded to the first left plate, the reinforcing plate and the disc cam are respectively connected to the first right plate and the first left plate; the spring teeth can move in the gap between adjacent spring-tooth guards, and the main shaft can drive the spring-tooth shaft and the spring teeth thereon to rotate in a circle.

[0009] Furthermore, the crushing device consists of a cutting part and a crushing part, wherein the cutting knife of the cutting part is connected to the knife holder by bolts, the knife holder is arranged in a circle and welded to the outer reinforcement ribs and the inner reinforcement ribs, the right end of the cutting sleeve passes through the central circular hole of the reinforcement rib and the rear panel of the cutting bin and is embedded in the disc baffle at the same time, and the whole can rotate around the crushing main shaft in the circumferential direction; the main body of the crushing part is fixed on the disc baffles on the left and right sides by eight movable knife shafts arranged in a circle, the left disc baffle and the crushing main shaft are connected by a key, the left end of the crushing main shaft passes through the front panel of the cutting bin and the flange fixed on the front panel of the cutting bin, and its right end passes through the rear panel of the cutting bin after passing through the cutting sleeve; the movable knife is arranged horizontally on the movable knife shaft, and the fixed knife is connected to the crushing shell by bolts in a circle, and the left and right sides of the crushing shell are respectively connected to the front panel of the cutting bin and the rear panel of the cutting bin, and the crushing device as a whole is connected to the crushing device support assembly and the fifth support beam through the crushing shell.

[0010] Furthermore, the grinding device includes a feed inlet, a left side box, an upper shell, a screen, a right side box, a grinding assembly, a bearing assembly, a lower shell, and a discharge pipe; the feed inlet is connected to the left side box by bolts, the left side box is connected to the upper shell by a cover plate ear, the right side box and the upper shell are welded, the upper end of the lower shell is connected to the lower ends of the upper shell, the left side box, and the right side box, and the discharge pipe is connected to the lower end of the lower shell; the bearing assembly includes a left side baffle, a right side baffle, a bearing seat, a first bearing, and a second bearing. The first bearing and the second bearing cooperate with the bearing seat, and their two ends are axially fixed by the left side baffle and the right side baffle respectively, and the left end of the bearing assembly is connected to the right side box by bolts.

[0011] Preferably, the grinding assembly as a whole is composed of a fixed crushing screw, a dynamic crushing screw, a stirring piece, a grinding spindle, a turntable, and a top cutter. The fixed crushing screw is connected to the left box body through a nut, the dynamic crushing screw and the stirring piece are connected to the left end of the turntable through nuts and bolts respectively, the top cutter and the turntable are fastened to the left end of the grinding spindle through the top nut, and the grinding assembly as a whole is composed of the grinding spindle passing through the right box body and cooperating with the bearing assembly; the grinding device as a whole is fixed to the grinding device support assembly through the protruding part around the upper end of the lower shell body, and the lower end of the discharge pipe is fixed to the discharge port support assembly; the left and right ends of the rotary tillage device are respectively fixed to the second left plate and the second right plate through bearing seats.

[0012] Preferably, the transmission system consists of a bevel gear transmission group, a sprocket transmission group and a reduction box transmission group, the box body of the bevel gear transmission group is fixed on the first upper side plate, the power is transmitted from the input shaft to the first output shaft and the second output shaft after passing through the bevel gear transmission group, the first output shaft is connected to the left end of the universal transmission device, the universal transmission device is located above the second support beam and the third support beam, and the right end of the universal transmission device is connected to the reduction box transmission group; the main box body of the reduction box transmission group is fixed to the first upper side plate by bolts, the power is transmitted to the crushing device through the reduction box transmission group and then transmitted by the crushing main shaft, the end of the crushing main shaft is connected to the third pulley, the third pulley and the fourth pulley transmit power through a belt, and the fourth belt The wheel is connected to the grinding device through the grinding main shaft; the second output shaft is connected to the first pulley after passing through the first right side plate, the first pulley and the second pulley are driven by a belt, the second pulley is located on the right side of the first right side plate and is connected to the picking device, the power is transmitted to the first sprocket of the sprocket transmission group through the picking device, the second sprocket is connected to the first sprocket through a chain, the pinion and the second sprocket are coaxially driven at a constant speed, the large gear and the small gear are meshed for transmission, and the large gear is connected to the auger, the auger is located in the auger screen, and its right end passes through the first right side plate and is connected to the fifth pulley, the fifth pulley and the sixth pulley are driven by a belt, and the sixth pulley is located on the right side of the second right side plate and is connected to the rotary tillage device.

[0013] Furthermore, the movable knife and the fixed knife of the crushing device are both sawtooth knives, and the head of the movable knife is arc-shaped. The cutting part of the crushing device has eight cutting knives.

[0014] Accordingly, the straw picking, crushing, grinding and returning to the field method of the present invention comprises the following steps:

[0015] Step 1: After the power is transmitted to the bevel gear transmission group through the input shaft, it is first transmitted to the first pulley through the second output shaft, and then the power is transmitted to the second pulley through the belt, thereby driving the picking device connected thereto to complete the straw picking;

[0016] Step 2: At the same time, the power is transmitted to the first sprocket through the picking device, and then transmitted to the second sprocket and the pinion through the chain. The pinion and the second sprocket rotate coaxially, and the power is transmitted to the auger through the large gear meshing with the pinion. The auger transports the straw from the picking device to the crushing device;

[0017] Step 3: The power of the bevel gear transmission group is also transmitted to the reduction box transmission group through the first output shaft via the universal transmission device, and then transmitted to the crushing device after deceleration and torque increase. The crushing device cuts and crushes the straw delivered by the auger and throws it into the grinding device. At the same time, the power is transmitted from the crushing device to the third pulley, and then transmitted to the fourth pulley through the belt. The fourth pulley drives the grinding device to grind the crushed straw into powder and then discharge it;

[0018] Step 4: The fifth pulley on the auger rotates together with the auger, and at the same time transmits power to the sixth pulley through the belt. The sixth pulley drives the rotary tillage device to rotary till and bury the straw powder discharged by the grinding device and return it to the field.

[0019] Compared with the prior art, the straw picking, crushing, grinding and returning machine and method of the present invention have at least the following advantages and

[0020] Beneficial effects:

[0021] 1. The present invention adopts the method of straw picking, crushing, grinding and rotary tillage to realize a straw grinding and returning device to the field, reduce the impact of straw returning to the field on the sowing of subsequent crops, improve the quality of straw returning to the field, and solve the problem that the traditional straw returning machine has a single function and a large straw crushing particle size, which affects the sowing and growth of subsequent crops. At the same time, it includes a straw picking, crushing, grinding and rotary tillage returning device with a small crushing particle size and easy operation.

[0022] 2. The frame of the present invention provides a supporting structure for the entire equipment, and the three-point suspension device is used to connect to the tractor to achieve traction. The picking device collects field straw by rotating spring teeth and sends it to the subsequent processing link. The transmission system is responsible for distributing the power of the tractor to each working part. The cutting part and the crushing part of the crushing device work together to achieve preliminary crushing of the straw. The grinding device further grinds the crushed straw into powder to ensure fine processing. Finally, the rotary tillage device evenly mixes the straw powder into the soil to achieve efficient return to the field, promote rapid decomposition of the straw and improve the soil structure. The invention integrates multiple functional modules, solves the problems of single function and large crushing particle size of traditional straw processing methods, improves the efficiency of straw return to the field, and ensures that the sowing and growth of subsequent crops are not affected. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0023] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solution of the present invention, the drawings required for use in the embodiments or the description of the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without paying creative work.

[0024] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the straw picking, crushing, grinding and returning machine to the field according to the present invention;

[0025] Figure 2 It is a structural schematic diagram of the frame of the present invention;

[0026] Figure 3 It is a structural schematic diagram of the picking device of the present invention;

[0027] Figure 4 It is a structural schematic diagram of the pulverizing device of the present invention;

[0028] Figure 5 It is a schematic structural diagram of the grinding device of the present invention;

[0029] Figure 6 It is a schematic structural diagram of the grinding assembly of the present invention;

[0030] Figure 7 It is a schematic diagram of the transmission system of the present invention.

[0031] In the figure:

[0032] 1. Frame; 101. First support beam; 102. Second support beam; 103. Third support beam; 104. Fourth support beam; 105. Fifth support beam; 106. Discharge port support assembly; 107. Crushing device support assembly; 108. Grinding device support assembly;

[0033] 11. Picking device; 1101. Reinforcement plate; 1102. Bearing seat; 1103. Spring tooth shield; 1104. Fixing frame; 1105. Spring tooth; 1106. Disc cam; 1109. Shaft head assembly; 1110. Spring tooth shaft; 1111. Main shaft; 1112. Flange;

[0034] 2. Three-point suspension device;

[0035] 3. Transmission system; 31. Bevel gear transmission group; 311. Input shaft; 312. First output shaft; 313. First pulley; 314. Second output shaft; 315. Second pulley; 316. Universal transmission device; 32. Sprocket transmission group; 321. First sprocket; 322. Pinion; 323. Second sprocket; 324. Gear; 325. Fifth pulley; 326. Sixth pulley; 33. Speed ​​reducer transmission group; 331. Third pulley; 332. Fourth pulley; 20. Auger;

[0036] 4. Crushing device; 401. Flange; 402. Moving knife; 403. Moving knife shaft; 404. Fixed knife; 405. Crushing shell; 406. Knife holder; 407. Cutting knife; 408. Cutting bin rear panel; 409. External reinforcing ribs; 410. Internal reinforcing ribs; 411. Cutting spacer; 412. Crushing spindle; 413. Disc baffle; 414. Cutting bin front panel;

[0037] 5. Connecting pipelines;

[0038] 6. Grinding device; 601. Feeding port; 602. Left side box; 603. Upper shell; 604. Right side box; 605. Discharging pipe; 606. Lower shell; 607. Screen fixing ring; 608. Screen; 609. Lifting lug of cover plate; 61. Grinding assembly; 611. Fixed crushing screw; 612. Moving crushing screw; 613. Agitator; 614. Grinding main shaft; 615. Turntable; 616. Top cutter; 617. Top nut; 62. Bearing assembly; 621. Left side baffle; 622. Bearing seat; 623. Right side baffle; 624. Second bearing; 625. First bearing;

[0039] 7. Second upper side plate; 8. Rotary tillage device; 9. Second right side plate; 10. First right side plate; 12. Rear traction tube; 13. Lower suspension point; 14. Curtain plate; 15. First upper side plate; 16. First left side plate; 17. Second left side plate; 18. Auger screen; 19. Support legs. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0040] The following will be combined with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention to clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0041] like Figures 1 to 7 As shown, the straw picking, crushing, grinding and returning to the field machine of the present invention includes a frame 1, a three-point suspension device 2, a picking device 11, a transmission system 3, a crushing device 4, a grinding device 6, and a rotary tillage device 8.

[0042] like Figure 2 As shown, the frame 1 includes a first support beam 101, a second support beam 102, a third support beam 103, a fourth support beam 104, a fifth support beam 105, a discharge port support assembly 106, a crushing device support assembly 107, a grinding device support assembly 108, a first left side plate 16, a second left side plate 17, a first right side plate 10, a second right side plate 9, a first upper side plate 15, and a second upper side plate 7.

[0043] The lower suspension point 13 of the three-point suspension device 2 is welded to the first upper side plate 15 and the first support beam 101, and the rear traction tube 12 is connected to the third support beam 103 by bolts. The left ends of the first support beam 101, the second support beam 102, the third support beam 103, and the fourth support beam 104 are all welded to the first left side plate 16, and the left end of the fifth support beam 105 is welded to the second left side plate 17. The support leg 19 is located in the front slot of the first support beam 101 and can be adjusted up and down in height. The rear of the auger screen 18 is connected to the fourth support beam 104, and the lower part is connected to the crushing device support assembly 107 and the grinding device support assembly 108. The front of the crushing device support assembly 107 and the grinding device support assembly 108 are connected to the fourth support beam 104, and the rear of them is welded to the fifth support beam 105. The discharge port support assembly 106 is welded to the rear of the fifth support beam 105.

[0044] The left end of the curtain plate 14 is fixed to the frame 1, and the right end thereof is fixed to the right side plate. The rear traction tube 12 and the lower suspension point 13 of the three-point suspension device 2 are respectively fixed to the frame 1 and the first upper side plate 15 by bolts. The transmission system 3 is also fixed to the first upper side plate 15. The picking device 11 is located below the first upper side plate 15 and behind the curtain plate 14. The right end of the transmission system 3 passes through the first right side plate 10. The crushing device 4 is located behind the transmission device 3 and the first upper side plate 15 and connected to the second upper side plate 7. The grinding device 6 is located to the right of the crushing device 4 and above the second upper side plate 7. The crushing device 4 and the grinding device 6 are connected through a connecting pipe 5. The rotary tillage device 8 is located below the second upper side plate 7 and behind the grinding device 6, and one end passes through the second right side plate 9. The picking device 11 completes the picking of the straw, and the auger 20 transports the straw from the picking device 11 to the crushing device 4. The crushing device 4 cuts and crushes the straw transported by the auger 20 and throws it into the grinding device 6. The grinding device 6 grinds the crushed straw into powder and discharges it. The rotary tillage device 8 rotary tills and buries the straw powder discharged from the grinding device 6 and returns it to the field.

[0045] like Figure 3As shown, the picking device 11 includes a main shaft 1111 located in the center, four spring-tooth shafts 1110 surrounding the main shaft 1111, the left ends of the spring-tooth shaft 1110 and the main shaft 1111 are fixed by a bearing seat 1102 and a flange 1112, and the right end is connected to the shaft head assembly 1109. The left end of the main shaft 1111 passes through the reinforcing plate 1101, and the right end passes through the disc cam 1106. The spring teeth 1105 are evenly distributed on the spring-tooth shaft 1110, and the bearing on the shaft head assembly 1109 at the right end It can rotate around the groove in the disc cam 1106, and the spring tooth guard 1103 is evenly distributed on the fixed frame 1104. The left end of the fixed frame 1104 is welded to the reinforcing plate 1101, and the right end is welded to the first left side plate 16. The reinforcing plate 1101 and the disc cam 1106 are respectively connected to the first right side plate 10 and the first left side plate 16; the spring tooth 1105 can move in the gap between adjacent spring tooth guards 1103, and the main shaft 1111 can drive the spring tooth shaft 1110 and the spring tooth 1105 thereon to rotate in a circle.

[0046] like Figure 4 As shown, the crushing device 4 consists of a cutting part and a crushing part, wherein the cutting knife 407 of the cutting part is fixed on the knife holder 406, the knife holder 406 is arranged in a circle and welded with the outer reinforcing rib 409 and the inner reinforcing rib 410, the inner reinforcing rib 410 and the outer reinforcing rib 409 are coaxially fixed on the cutting spacer 411, the crushing main shaft 412 and the cutting spacer 411 are matched, the right end of the cutting spacer 411 passes through the central circular hole of the reinforcing rib and the cutting chamber rear panel 408 and is embedded in the disc baffle 413, and the whole can rotate around the crushing main shaft 412 in the circumferential direction; the main body of the crushing part is composed of eight movable knife shafts 403 arranged in a circle and fixed on the disc baffles 413 on the left and right sides, the left disc baffle and the crushing The crushing main shaft 412 is connected by a key, the fixed knife 404 is connected to the crushing shell 405 by a bolt circumference, the moving knife 402 is arranged horizontally on the moving knife shaft 403, and the two sides of the moving knife shaft 403 are fixed by a disc baffle 413. The cutting knife 407, the moving knife 402 and its connecting parts can rotate with the crushing main shaft 412. The left end of the crushing main shaft 412 passes through the cutting bin front panel 414 and matches with the flange 401 fixed on the cutting bin front panel 414, and its right end passes through the cutting bin rear panel 408 after passing through the cutting spacer 411. The left and right ends of the crushing shell 405 are respectively connected to the cutting bin front panel 414 and the cutting bin rear panel 408. The cutting bin rear panel 408 is provided with a feed port for straw to enter for cutting and crushing. The crushing device 4 is connected to the crushing device support assembly 107 and the fifth support beam 105 through the crushing shell 405.

[0047] Both the moving knife 402 and the fixed knife 404 are sawtooth-type knives, and the head of the moving knife 402 is arc-shaped. At the same time, the cutting part of the crushing device 4 has eight cutting knives 407.

[0048] like Figure 5 As shown, the grinding device 6 includes an inlet 601, a left box 602, an upper shell 603, a screen 608, a right box 604, a grinding assembly 61, a bearing assembly 62, a lower shell 606, and a discharge pipe 605. The inlet 601 is connected to the left box 602 by bolts, the left box 602 is connected to the upper shell 603 by a cover plate hanging ear 609, the right box 604 is welded to the upper shell 603, the upper end of the lower shell 606 is connected to the lower ends of the upper shell 603, the left box 602, and the right box 604, and the discharge pipe 605 is connected to the lower end of the lower shell 606. The bearing assembly 62 includes a left baffle plate 621, a right baffle plate 623, a bearing seat 622, a first bearing 625, and a second bearing 624. The first bearing 625 and the second bearing 624 cooperate with the bearing seat 622, and their two ends are axially fixed by the left baffle plate 621 and the right baffle plate 623 respectively. The left end of the bearing assembly 62 and the right box body 604 are connected by bolts.

[0049] The grinding assembly 61 as a whole is composed of a fixed crushing screw 611, a dynamic crushing screw 612, a stirring member 613, a grinding main shaft 614, a rotating disk 615, and a top cutter 616. The fixed crushing screw 611 is connected to the left side box 602 through a nut, the dynamic crushing screw 612 and the stirring member 613 are connected to the left end of the rotating disk 615 through nuts and bolts respectively, and the top cutter 616 and the rotating disk 615 are fastened to the left end of the grinding main shaft 614 through the top nut 617. The grinding assembly 61 as a whole is matched with the bearing assembly 62 by the grinding main shaft 614 passing through the right side box 604. The grinding device 6 as a whole is fixed to the grinding device support assembly 108 through the peripheral protrusion of the upper end of the lower shell 606, and the lower end of the discharge pipe 605 is fixed to the discharge port support assembly 106.

[0050] The grinding assembly 61 is located in the center of the screen 608, and its left end passes through the right box 604 and the bearing assembly 62. The two sides of the screen 608 are connected and fastened by the screen fixing ring 607 through screws. The screen fixing ring 607 can be stuck in the grooves of the left box 602 and the right box 604. The left end of the left box 602 is connected to the feed port 601 by bolts, and its right end is connected to the upper shell 603. The lower end of the upper shell 603 fits the upper end of the lower shell 606, and its right end is connected to the right box 604. The lower end of the right box 604 fits the lower shell 606, and its right end is connected to the bearing assembly 62 by bolts. The inner side of the lower shell 606 is connected to the discharge pipe 605.

[0051] like Figure 6As shown, the dynamic crushing screw 612 and the stirring piece 613 are fixed on the turntable 615, the turntable 615 and the top tool 616 are fastened to the grinding main shaft 614 through the top nut 617, the first bearing 625 and the second bearing 624 are respectively fixed in the grooves on both sides of the bearing seat 622, and the two ends of the left and right bearings are axially fixed by the left baffle plate 621 and the right baffle plate 623. The grinding main shaft 614 can drive the dynamic crushing screw 612 and the stirring piece 613 to rotate in the circumferential gap of the fixed crushing screw 611 to realize the grinding function.

[0052] like Figure 7 As shown, the transmission system 3 is composed of a bevel gear transmission group 31, a sprocket transmission group 32 and a reduction box transmission group 33. The housing of the bevel gear transmission group 31 is fixed on the first upper side plate 15. The power is transmitted from the input shaft 311 to the first output shaft 312 and the second output shaft 314 after passing through the bevel gear transmission group 31. The first output shaft 312 is connected to the left end of the universal transmission device 316. The universal transmission device 316 is located above the second support beam 102 and the third support beam 103, and its right end is connected to the reduction box transmission group 33. The main housing of the reduction box transmission group 33 is fixed to the first upper side plate 15 by bolts. After the power is transmitted to the crushing device 4 through the reduction box transmission group 33, it is transmitted by the crushing main shaft 412. The end of the crushing main shaft 412 is connected to the third pulley 331. The power is transmitted between the third pulley 331 and the fourth pulley 332 by a belt. The fourth pulley 332 is connected to the grinding device 6 through the grinding main shaft 614. The second output shaft 314 passes through the first right side plate 10 and is connected to the first pulley 313. The first pulley 313 and the second pulley 315 are driven by a belt. The second pulley 315 is located on the right side of the first right side plate 10 and is connected to the pickup device 11. The power is transmitted to the first sprocket 321 of the sprocket transmission group 32 after the pickup device 11. The second sprocket 323 is connected to the first sprocket 321 through a chain. The pinion 322 and the second sprocket 323 are coaxially driven at the same speed. The large gear 324 and the pinion 322 are meshed for transmission. At the same time, the large gear 324 is connected to the auger 20. The auger 20 is located in the auger screen 18, and its right end passes through the first right side plate 10 and is connected to the fifth pulley 325. The fifth pulley 325 and the sixth pulley 326 transmit power by a belt. The sixth pulley 326 is located on the right side of the second right side plate 9 and is connected to the rotary tillage device 8. The left and right ends of the rotary tillage device 8 are respectively fixed to the second left side plate 17 and the second right side plate 9 through bearing seats.

[0053] The straw picking, crushing, grinding and returning to the field method of the present invention adopts the method of straw picking, crushing, grinding and rotary tillage, and comprises the following steps:

[0054] After the power is transmitted to the bevel gear transmission group 31 through the input shaft 311, it is first transmitted to the first pulley 313 through the second output shaft 314, and then the power is transmitted to the second pulley 315 through the belt, thereby driving the picking device 11 connected thereto to complete the straw picking. At the same time, the power is transmitted to the first sprocket wheel 321 through the picking device 11, and then transmitted to the second sprocket wheel 323 and the pinion gear 322 through the chain. The pinion gear 322 and the second sprocket wheel 323 rotate coaxially, and the power is transmitted to the auger 20 through the large gear 324 meshing with the pinion gear 322. The auger 20 transports the straw from the picking device 11 to the crushing device 4. The output shaft 312 is transmitted to the reduction box transmission group 33 through the universal transmission device 316, and then transmitted to the crushing device 4 after deceleration and torque increase. The crushing device 4 cuts the straw transported by the auger 20, crushes it and throws it into the grinding device 6. At the same time, the power is transmitted from the crushing device 4 to the third pulley 331, and then transmitted to the fourth pulley 332 through the belt. The fourth pulley 332 drives the grinding device 6 to grind the crushed straw into powder and discharge it. The fifth pulley 325 located on the auger 20 rotates with the auger 20, and at the same time transmits power to the sixth pulley 326 through the belt. The sixth pulley 326 drives the rotary tillage device 8 to rotary till the straw powder discharged by the grinding device 6 and bury it back to the field.

[0055] The above description is only a specific implementation of the present invention, but the protection scope of the present invention is not limited thereto. Any changes or substitutions that can be understood by anyone familiar with the technology within the technical scope disclosed by the present invention should be included in the scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A straw picking, crushing, grinding and returning machine, characterized in that: It comprises a frame (1), a three-point suspension device (2), a picking device (11), a transmission system (3), a crushing device (4), a grinding device (6), and a rotary tillage device (8); The frame (1) comprises a first support beam (101), a second support beam (102), a third support beam (103), a fourth support beam (104), a fifth support beam (105), a discharge port support assembly (106), a crushing device support assembly 107, a grinding device support assembly (108), a first left side plate (16), a second left side plate (17), a first right side plate (10), a second right side plate (9), a first upper side plate (15), and a second upper side plate (7); The lower suspension point (13) of the three-point suspension device (2) is welded to the first upper side plate (15) and the first support beam (101), and the rear traction tube (12) is connected to the third support beam (103) by bolts; The left end of the curtain plate (14) is fixed to the frame (1), and the right end thereof is fixed to the right side plate. The rear traction tube (12) and the lower suspension point (13) of the three-point suspension device (2) are respectively fixed to the frame (1) and the first upper side plate (15) by bolts. The transmission system (3) is fixed to the first upper side plate (15). The pickup device (11) is located below the first upper side plate (15) and behind the curtain plate (14). The right end of the transmission system (3) passes through the first right side plate (10). The crushing device (4) is located behind the transmission device (3) and the first upper side plate (15), and connected to the second upper side plate (7); the grinding device (6) is located to the right of the crushing device (4) and above the second upper side plate (7); the crushing device (4) and the grinding device (5) are connected via a connecting pipe (5); the rotary tillage device (8) is located below the second upper side plate (7) and behind the grinding device (6), and one end thereof passes through the second right side plate (9); The picking device (11) completes the picking of straw, and the auger (20) transports the straw from the picking device (11) to the crushing device (4). The crushing device (4) cuts and crushes the straw transported by the auger (20) and then throws it into the grinding device (6). The grinding device (6) grinds the crushed straw into powder and then discharges it. The rotary tillage device (8) rotary tills and buries the straw powder discharged from the grinding device (6) and returns it to the field.

2. The straw picking, crushing, grinding and returning machine according to claim 1, characterized in that: The picking device (11) comprises a main shaft (1111) located in the center, four spring-tooth shafts (1110) surrounding the main shaft (1111), the left and right ends of the spring-tooth shaft (1110) and the main shaft (1111) are respectively fixed on a bearing seat (1102), a flange (1112) and a shaft head assembly (1109); the left end of the main shaft (1111) passes through a reinforcing plate (1101), and the right end thereof passes through a disc-shaped cam (1106); spring teeth (1105) are evenly distributed on the spring-tooth shaft (1110), and the shaft head assembly (1109) at the right end is provided with a spring-tooth shaft (1110). The bearing rotates around the groove in the disc cam (1106); the spring tooth shield (1103) is evenly distributed on the fixing frame (1104); the left end of the fixing frame (1104) is welded to the reinforcing plate (1101); the right end of the fixing frame (1104) is welded to the first left plate (16); the reinforcing plate (1101) and the disc cam (1106) are respectively connected to the first right plate (10) and the first left plate (16); the spring teeth (1105) move in the gap between adjacent spring tooth shields (1103); the main shaft (1111) drives the spring tooth shaft (1110) and the spring teeth (1105) thereon to rotate in a circle.

3. The straw picking, crushing, grinding and returning machine according to claim 1, characterized in that: The pulverizing device (4) is composed of a cutting part and a pulverizing part, wherein the cutting knife (407) of the cutting part is connected to the knife holder (406) by bolts, the knife holder (406) is arranged in a circle and welded to the outer reinforcing rib (409) and the inner reinforcing rib (410), the right end of the cutting spacer (411) passes through the central circular hole of the reinforcing rib and the cutting chamber rear panel (408) and is embedded in the disc baffle (413), and the whole rotates around the pulverizing main axis (412) in the circumferential direction; The main body of the crushing part is composed of eight moving blade shafts (403) arranged circumferentially and fixed on the disc baffles (413) on the left and right sides. The left disc baffle and the crushing main shaft (412) are connected by a key. The left end of the crushing main shaft (412) passes through the cutting chamber front panel (414) and cooperates with the flange (401) fixed on the cutting chamber front panel (414), and the right end passes through the cutting chamber rear panel (408) after passing through the cutting spacer (411); the moving blades (402) are arranged horizontally on the moving blade shaft (403), and the fixed blades (404) are circumferentially connected to the crushing shell (405) by bolts. The left and right sides of the crushing shell (405) are respectively connected to the cutting chamber front panel (414) and the cutting chamber rear panel (408). The crushing device (4) is connected to the crushing device support assembly 107 and the fifth support beam (105) through the crushing shell (405).

4. The straw picking, crushing, grinding and returning machine according to claim 1, characterized in that: The grinding device (6) comprises a material inlet (601), a left box (602), an upper shell (603), a screen (608), a right box (604), a grinding assembly (61), a bearing assembly (62), a lower shell (606), and a discharge pipe (605); The feed inlet (601) is connected to the left box body (602) by bolts, the left box body (602) is connected to the upper shell body (603) by a cover plate hanging ear (609), the right box body (604) and the upper shell body (603) are welded, the upper end of the lower shell body (606) is connected to the lower ends of the upper shell body (603), the left box body (602) and the right box body (604), and the discharge pipe (605) is connected to the lower end of the lower shell body (606); The bearing assembly (62) comprises a left baffle (621), a right baffle (623), a bearing seat (622), a first bearing (625), and a second bearing (624). The first bearing (625) and the second bearing (624) cooperate with the bearing seat (622), and their two ends are axially fixed by the left baffle (621) and the right baffle (623), respectively. The left end of the bearing assembly (62) and the right box (604) are connected by bolts.

5. The straw picking, crushing, grinding and returning machine according to claim 4, characterized in that: The grinding assembly (61) as a whole is composed of a fixed crushing screw (611), a dynamic crushing screw (612), a stirring member (613), a grinding main shaft (614), a rotating disk (615), and a top cutter (616). The fixed crushing screw (611) is connected to the left side of the box body (602) through a nut, the dynamic crushing screw (612) and the stirring member (613) are connected to the left end of the rotating disk (615) through nuts and bolts respectively, and the top cutter (616) is connected to the left side of the rotating disk (615) through nuts and bolts respectively. ) and the turntable (615) are fastened to the left end of the grinding main shaft (614) through the top nut (617); the grinding assembly (61) as a whole passes through the grinding main shaft (614) through the right box (604) and cooperates with the bearing assembly (62); the grinding device (6) as a whole is fixed to the grinding device support assembly (108) through the protruding part of the upper peripheral edge of the lower shell (606), and the lower end of the discharge pipe (605) is fixed to the discharge port support assembly (106); The left and right ends of the rotary tillage device (8) are respectively fixed on the second left side plate (17) and the second right side plate (9) through bearing seats.

6. The straw picking, crushing, grinding and returning machine according to claim 1, characterized in that: The transmission system (3) is composed of a bevel gear transmission group (31), a sprocket transmission group (32) and a reduction box transmission group (33); the housing of the bevel gear transmission group (31) is fixed on the first upper side plate (15); power is transmitted from the input shaft (311) to the first output shaft (312) and the second output shaft (314) via the bevel gear transmission group (31); the left end of the first output shaft (312) is connected to the universal transmission device (316); the universal transmission device (316) is located above the second support beam (102) and the third support beam (103); and the right end of the universal transmission device (316) is connected to the reduction box transmission group (33); The main housing of the reduction gearbox transmission group (33) is fixed to the first upper side plate (15) by bolts. The power is transmitted to the crushing device (4) through the reduction gearbox transmission group (33) and then transmitted through the crushing main shaft (412). The end of the crushing main shaft (412) is connected to the third pulley (331). The third pulley (331) and the fourth pulley (332) transmit power through a belt. The fourth pulley (332) is connected to the grinding device (6) through the grinding main shaft (614). The second output shaft (314) passes through the first right side plate (10) and is connected to the first pulley (313). The first pulley (313) and the second pulley (315) are driven by a belt. The second pulley (315) is located on the right side of the first right side plate (10) and The pick-up device (11) is connected to the pick-up device (11), and the power is transmitted to the first sprocket (321) of the sprocket transmission group (32) after the pick-up device (11). The second sprocket (323) is connected to the first sprocket (321) through a chain. The pinion (322) and the second sprocket (323) are coaxially and uniformly driven. The large gear (324) and the small gear (322) are meshed and driven. At the same time, the large gear (324) is connected to the auger (20). The auger (20) is located in the auger screen (18), and its right end passes through the first right side plate (10) and is connected to the fifth pulley (325). The fifth pulley (325) and the sixth pulley (326) transmit power through a belt. The sixth pulley (326) is located on the right side of the second right side plate (9) and is connected to the rotary tillage device (8).

7. The straw picking, crushing, grinding and returning machine according to claim 3, characterized in that: The movable knife (402) and the fixed knife (404) of the crushing device (4) are both sawtooth knives, and the head of the movable knife (402) is arc-shaped. The cutting part of the crushing device (4) has eight cutting knives (407).

8. A method for picking up, crushing, grinding and returning straw to the field using the machine according to any one of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that: The steps include: Step 1: After the power is transmitted to the bevel gear transmission group (31) via the input shaft (311), it is first transmitted to the first pulley (313) via the second output shaft (314), and then the power is transmitted to the second pulley (315) via a belt, thereby driving the picking device (11) connected thereto to complete the straw picking; Step 2: At the same time, the power is transmitted to the first sprocket (321) through the picking device (11), and then transmitted to the second sprocket (323) and the pinion (322) through the chain. The pinion (322) and the second sprocket (323) rotate coaxially, and the power is transmitted to the auger (20) through the large gear (324) meshing with the pinion (322). The auger (20) transports the straw from the picking device (11) to the crushing device (4); Step 3: The power of the bevel gear transmission group (31) is also transmitted to the reduction box transmission group (33) through the first output shaft (312) and the universal transmission device (316), and then transmitted to the crushing device (4) after deceleration and torque increase. The crushing device (4) cuts and crushes the straw delivered by the auger (20) and then throws it into the grinding device (6). At the same time, the power is transmitted from the crushing device (4) to the third pulley (331), and then transmitted to the fourth pulley (332) through the belt. The fourth pulley (332) drives the grinding device (6) to grind the crushed straw into powder and then discharge it; Step 4: The fifth pulley (325) on the auger (20) rotates together with the auger (20) and transmits power to the sixth pulley (326) through a belt. The sixth pulley (326) drives the rotary tillage device (8) to rotary till and bury the straw powder discharged by the grinding device (6) and return it to the field.

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