New energy picking head system of cotton picker and control method

Abstract

The invention discloses a new energy picking head system of a cotton picker and a control method, belongs to the technical field of cotton pickers, and solves the technical problem that the removal operation is complicated after an existing cotton picking head is blocked. The system comprises a head picking motor, a controller and at least one head picking mechanism, a rotating shaft of the head picking motor is connected with a main transmission shaft, the main transmission shaft is provided with first driving wheel sets which are equal to the head picking mechanisms in number and are in one-to-one correspondence with the head picking mechanisms, the main transmission shaft drives the head picking mechanisms to operate through the first driving wheel sets, and the main transmission shaft is connected with the first driving wheel sets through electromagnetic clutches; a first rotating speed sensor for detecting the rotating speed is arranged on one side of the main transmission shaft, the head picking mechanism is provided with a second rotating speed sensor for detecting the rotating speed, and the controller is electrically connected with the head picking motor, the first rotating speed sensor and the second rotating speed sensor. The cotton picking head is driven by the motor instead of an engine, so that the complicated transmission structure of the traditional mechanical cotton picking head is simplified, and the complexity of the blockage removal operation of the cotton picking head is reduced.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of cotton pickers, and more specifically, to a new energy picking head system and a control method for a cotton picker. Background Art

[0002] Cotton planting is a strategic industry in my country, and cotton picking is a key link in the cotton industry. At present, the large-scale application of cotton pickers has replaced manual labor, greatly improved the efficiency of cotton picking, and reduced the cost of cotton picking.

[0003] The cotton picking head is the core component of the cotton picker. It is driven by an engine and has a complex internal structure, a tight layout, and a high rotation speed. In actual application, the changes in the working environment caused by the terrain, climate, and plant status of the cotton field can easily cause the cotton picking head to become blocked.

[0004] At present, to eliminate the blockage of the cotton picking head, it is necessary to go through the following steps: 1. decoupling the mechanical transmission of the cotton picking head and the fan; 2. activating the mechanical insurance; 3. backing up the vehicle and parking it, and turning off the engine; 4. manually driving the cotton picking drum to rotate in the reverse direction at a low speed; 5. combining a series of complex operations such as manual cleaning, and after the cleaning work is completed, the above actions still need to be repeated to restore the operation mode. The steps are complicated, which greatly reduces the harvesting efficiency and increases the labor intensity of the operators and the probability of safety risks caused by misoperation. Summary of the invention

[0005] The technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to address the above-mentioned deficiencies in the prior art. One purpose of the present invention is to provide a new energy picking head system for a cotton picker, which can reduce structural complexity and is easy to operate.

[0006] The second purpose of the present invention is to provide a control method for the new energy picking head system of a cotton picker.

[0007] In order to achieve the above-mentioned purpose one, the present invention provides a new energy head picking system of a cotton picker, including a head picking motor, a controller, and at least one head picking mechanism. The rotating shaft of the head picking motor is connected to the main transmission shaft, and the main transmission shaft is provided with a first driving wheel group equal to and corresponding to the number of the head picking mechanisms. The main transmission shaft drives the head picking mechanism to operate through the first driving wheel group, and the main transmission shaft is connected to the first driving wheel group through an electromagnetic clutch; a first speed sensor for detecting the rotational speed of the main transmission shaft is provided on one side of the main transmission shaft, and the head picking mechanism is provided with a second speed sensor for detecting the rotational speed of the head picking mechanism, and the controller is electrically connected to the head picking motor, the first speed sensor, and the second speed sensor.

[0008] As a further improvement, the rotating shaft of the mining head motor is connected to the main transmission shaft through a gear box.

[0009] Furthermore, the first driving wheel set includes a roller driving bevel gear and a roller driven bevel gear that mesh with each other, the main transmission shaft is connected to the roller driving bevel gear through the electromagnetic clutch, and the roller driven bevel gear is connected to the mining head mechanism.

[0010] Furthermore, the second rotation speed sensor is installed on one side of the drum driven bevel gear.

[0011] Furthermore, the picking head mechanism includes a drum, a drum shaft, and a cotton doffing disk shaft. The drum is installed on the machine body by crank rotation. A seat tube is provided on the periphery of the drum, and a seat tube shaft is passed through the seat tube. The drum shaft is connected to the cotton doffing disk shaft through a second driving wheel group, one end of the drum shaft is connected to the first driving wheel group, and the other end is connected to the seat tube shaft through a third driving wheel group. The cotton doffing disk shaft is provided with a plurality of spaced cotton doffing disks, and a picking spindle is provided between two adjacent cotton doffing disks, and the seat tube shaft is connected to the picking spindle through a fourth driving wheel group.

[0012] Furthermore, the second driving wheel group includes a roller linkage output gear connected to the roller shaft and a doffer disk gear connected to the doffer disk shaft, and the roller linkage output gear drives the doffer disk gear through an idler wheel.

[0013] Furthermore, the third driving wheel set includes a linkage gear connected to the drum shaft and a seat tube gear connected to one end of the seat tube shaft, and the linkage gear and the seat tube gear are meshed with each other.

[0014] Furthermore, the fourth driving wheel set includes a seat tube bevel gear connected to the seat tube shaft and a spindle bevel gear connected to one end of the spindle, and the seat tube bevel gear and the spindle bevel gear are meshed with each other.

[0015] In order to achieve the above-mentioned second objective, the present invention provides a control method for a new energy picking head system of a cotton picker, comprising the following steps:

[0016] Step 1. The controller collects the actual current, actual torque, and actual speed of the mining head motor in real time. The controller collects the actual speed of the main transmission shaft in real time through the first speed sensor. The controller collects the actual speed of the mining head mechanism in real time through the second speed sensor.

[0017] Step 2. When the actual current and the actual torque of the picking head motor are both in the set high range, and the speed ratio between the actual speed of the main transmission shaft and the actual speed of a certain picking head mechanism is greater than the set speed difference, it is considered that the picking head mechanism is blocked by cotton;

[0018] Step 3. The controller immediately cuts off the electromagnetic clutch of the picking head mechanism where cotton blocking occurs, and at the same time cuts off the power of the picking head motor to prevent the new energy picking head system from overloading;

[0019] Step 4. Perform cotton plugging operation:

[0020] First, the electromagnetic clutches of other normal picking head mechanisms are disconnected, and the electromagnetic clutches of the picking head mechanisms with cotton blockage are reconnected, so that the power of the picking head motor is only transmitted to the picking head mechanisms with cotton blockage;

[0021] Then, the controller controls the mining head motor to switch between forward and reverse rotation according to the set frequency to achieve system pulse vibration;

[0022] When the speed ratio between the actual speed of the main transmission shaft and the actual speed of the picking head mechanism with cotton blockage is basically stable, the system reverse cotton ejection operation is started, and the controller controls the picking head motor to reverse according to the set speed gradient until the speed ratio between the actual speed of the main transmission shaft and the actual speed of the picking head mechanism with cotton blockage is stable within a normal range, and it is considered that the cotton plugging operation has been completed;

[0023] Step 5. The controller cuts off the power of the mining head motor and restores the engagement of the electromagnetic clutch of other normal mining head mechanisms, so that the new energy mining head system is restored to an operational state.

[0024] Beneficial Effects

[0025] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following advantages:

[0026] By utilizing the high responsiveness of the motor, wide speed and torque adjustment capabilities, and reversing functions, the traditional mechanical cotton picking head transmission complex structure is simplified on the one hand, and on the other hand, the operation steps of the cotton picking head blockage removal process are reduced, and the operation complexity of the necessary operation steps is reduced. The whole process is mechanically operated, and manual intervention and cleaning are avoided as much as possible, which improves safety and operation accuracy, thereby shortening the machine downtime caused by blockage and greatly improving the overall operation efficiency. Specifically including:

[0027] 1. Some gear pairs are eliminated, and the mechanical structure is more compact;

[0028] 2. Use electromagnetic clutch to improve responsiveness, realize rapid power cut-off, and effectively avoid system overload;

[0029] 3. The electromagnetic clutch combination is used to realize the flexible cutting and combining of power between the mining heads;

[0030] 4. Compared with traditional treatment solutions, it reduces the operation steps, simplifies the process and improves the treatment efficiency;

[0031] 5. Avoids manual intervention in cleaning, improving work safety and operation accuracy. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0032] Figure 1 It is a structural schematic diagram of the present invention;

[0033] Figure 2 It is a structural schematic diagram of the mining head mechanism in the present invention;

[0034] Figure 3 It is a cotton blocking diagnosis flow chart of the three picking head mechanisms in the present invention;

[0035] Figure 4 The present invention is a flowchart of the cotton blockage removal operation of the three picking head mechanisms.

[0036] Among them: 1- picking head motor, 2- picking head mechanism, 3- main transmission shaft, 4- electromagnetic clutch, 5- first speed sensor, 6- second speed sensor, 7- gear box, 8- drum driving bevel gear, 9- drum driven bevel gear, 10- drum, 11- drum rotating shaft, 12- cotton removing disk rotating shaft, 13- crank, 14- machine body, 15- seat tube, 16- seat tube shaft, 17- cotton removing disk, 18- spindle picking, 19- drum linkage output gear, 20- cotton removing disk gear, 21- idler, 22- linkage gear, 23- seat tube gear, 24- seat tube bevel gear, 25- spindle picking bevel gear. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0037] The present invention will be further described below with reference to the specific embodiments in the accompanying drawings.

[0038] See also Figure 1 to Figure 4 A new energy picking system for a cotton picker includes a picking motor 1, a controller, and at least one picking mechanism 2. The number of the picking mechanisms 2 can be set according to actual needs, such as Figure 1 Three head picking mechanisms 2 are arranged in the machine. The rotating shaft of the head picking motor 1 is connected with the main transmission shaft 3, and the main transmission shaft 3 is provided with the first driving wheel group which is equal to and corresponds to the number of the head picking mechanisms 2. The main transmission shaft 3 drives the head picking mechanism 2 to operate through the first driving wheel group, and the main transmission shaft 3 is connected to the first driving wheel group through the electromagnetic clutch 4. A first speed sensor 5 for detecting the rotation speed of the main transmission shaft 3 is arranged on one side, and the head picking mechanism 2 is provided with a second speed sensor 6 for detecting the rotation speed of the head picking mechanism 2. The controller is electrically connected to the head picking motor 1, the first speed sensor 5, and the second speed sensor 6.

[0039] In this embodiment, the rotating shaft of the mining head motor 1 is connected to the main transmission shaft 3 through the gear box 7. The gear box 7, i.e., the transmission box, can amplify the output torque of the mining head motor 1, thereby reducing the performance requirements for the mining head motor 1 and reducing the cost of the mining head motor 1.

[0040] Specifically, the first driving wheel set includes a roller driving bevel gear 8 and a roller driven bevel gear 9 that are meshed with each other. The main transmission shaft 3 is connected to the roller driving bevel gear 8 through an electromagnetic clutch 4, and the roller driven bevel gear 9 is connected to the mining head mechanism 2.

[0041] The first speed sensor 5 and the second speed sensor 6 are both Hall sensors. The periphery of the main transmission shaft 3 is provided with a sensing block corresponding to the first speed sensor 5. The second speed sensor 6 is installed on one side of the drum driven bevel gear 9. The second speed sensor 6 obtains the speed by sensing the teeth of the drum driven bevel gear 9.

[0042] Specifically, the picking head mechanism 2 includes a drum 10, a drum shaft 11, and a doffing disk shaft 12. The drum 10 is rotatably mounted on the machine body 14 through a crank 13. A seat tube 15 is provided on the periphery of the drum 10. A seat tube shaft 16 is passed through the seat tube 15. One end of the crank 13 is rotatably connected to the seat tube shaft 16. The drum shaft 11 is connected to the doffing disk shaft 12 through a second driving wheel group. One end of the drum shaft 11 is connected to the first driving wheel group (that is, one end of the drum shaft 11 is connected to the drum driven bevel gear 9), and the other end is connected to the seat tube shaft 16 through a third driving wheel group. The doffing disk shaft 12 is provided with a plurality of doffing disks 17 arranged at intervals, and a picking spindle 18 is provided between two adjacent doffing disks 17. The seat tube shaft 16 is connected to the picking spindle 18 through a fourth driving wheel group.

[0043] In this embodiment, the second driving wheel group includes a roller linkage output gear 19 connected to the roller shaft 11, and a doffer disk gear 20 connected to the doffer disk shaft 12. The roller linkage output gear 19 drives the doffer disk gear 20 through an idler wheel 21, that is, the idler wheel 21 is located between the roller linkage output gear 19 and the doffer disk gear 20, and the two sides of the idler wheel 21 are respectively meshed with the roller linkage output gear 19 and the doffer disk gear 20.

[0044] The third driving wheel set includes a linkage gear 22 connected to the drum shaft 11 and a seat tube gear 23 connected to one end of the seat tube shaft 16 , and the linkage gear 22 and the seat tube gear 23 are meshed with each other.

[0045] The fourth driving wheel set includes a seat tube bevel gear 24 connected to the seat tube shaft 16 and a spindle bevel gear 25 connected to one end of the spindle 18 . The seat tube bevel gear 24 and the spindle bevel gear 25 are meshed with each other.

[0046] The power of the picking head motor 1 is modulated by the gear box 7 and output backward through the main transmission shaft 3. After the electromagnetic clutch 4 is engaged, the power is transmitted to the drum shaft 11 through the first driving wheel group. On the one hand, the drum shaft 11 transmits the power to the cotton removing disk shaft 12 through the second driving wheel group, thereby driving the cotton removing disk shaft 12 to rotate. On the other hand, the power is transmitted to the seat tube shaft 16 through the third driving wheel group, thereby driving the seat tube shaft 16 to rotate. Under the action of the crank 13, the drum 10 realizes a regular cam profile movement. The seat tube shaft 16 drives the picking spindle 18 to rotate at a high speed through the fourth driving wheel group to realize the cotton picking action.

[0047] In order to reduce the operation steps of the cotton picking head unblocking process, reduce the operation complexity of the necessary operation steps, perform mechanical operation throughout the process, and avoid manual intervention and cleaning as much as possible, the present invention provides a control method for a new energy picking head system of a cotton picker, comprising the following steps:

[0048] Step 1. The controller collects the actual current, actual torque, and actual speed of the mining head motor 1 in real time. The controller collects the actual speed of the main transmission shaft 3 in real time through the first speed sensor 5. The controller collects the actual speed of the mining head mechanism 2 in real time through the second speed sensor 6;

[0049] Step 2. When the actual current and actual torque of the picking head motor 1 are both in the set high range (the high range is set according to the cotton blocking situation), and the speed ratio between the actual speed of the main transmission shaft 3 and the actual speed of a certain picking head mechanism 2 is greater than the set speed difference, it is considered that the picking head mechanism 2 is blocked by cotton; when cotton blocking occurs, the resistance increases, and the drum active bevel gear 8 will slip;

[0050] Step 3. The controller immediately cuts off the electromagnetic clutch 4 of the picking head mechanism 2 where cotton blocking occurs, and at the same time cuts off the power of the picking head motor 1 to prevent the new energy picking head system from overloading;

[0051] Step 4. Perform cotton plugging operation:

[0052] First, the electromagnetic clutch 4 of other normal picking head mechanisms 2 is disconnected, and the electromagnetic clutch 4 of the picking head mechanism 2 with cotton blockage is reconnected, so that the power of the picking head motor 1 is only transmitted to the picking head mechanism 2 with cotton blockage;

[0053] Then, the controller controls the mining head motor 1 to switch between forward and reverse rotation according to the set frequency to achieve system pulse vibration;

[0054] When the speed ratio between the actual speed of the main transmission shaft 3 and the actual speed of the picking head mechanism 2 with cotton blockage is basically stable, the system reverse cotton ejection operation is started, and the controller controls the picking head motor 1 to reverse according to the set speed gradient until the speed ratio between the actual speed of the main transmission shaft 3 and the actual speed of the picking head mechanism 2 with cotton blockage is stable within the normal range, then it is considered that the cotton blockage removal operation has been completed;

[0055] Step 5. The controller cuts off the power of the mining head motor 1 and restores the engagement of the electromagnetic clutch 4 of other normal mining head mechanisms 2, so that the new energy mining head system is restored to an operational state.

[0056] The above are only preferred embodiments of the present invention. It should be pointed out that for those skilled in the art, several modifications and improvements can be made without departing from the structure of the present invention, which will not affect the effect of the implementation of the present invention and the practicality of the patent.

Claims

1. A new energy picking head system for a cotton picker, characterized in that: The invention comprises a head picking motor (1), a controller, and at least one head picking mechanism (2); the rotating shaft of the head picking motor (1) is connected to a main transmission shaft (3); the main transmission shaft (3) is provided with a first driving wheel group equal in number to and corresponding to the head picking mechanism (2); the main transmission shaft (3) drives the head picking mechanism (2) to operate via the first driving wheel group; the main transmission shaft (3) is connected to the first driving wheel group via an electromagnetic clutch (4); a first speed sensor (5) for detecting the rotation speed of the main transmission shaft (3) is provided on one side of the main transmission shaft (3); the head picking mechanism (2) is provided with a second speed sensor (6) for detecting the rotation speed of the main transmission shaft (3); the controller is electrically connected to the head picking motor (1), the first speed sensor (5), and the second speed sensor (6).

2. The new energy picking head system of a cotton picker according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The rotating shaft of the mining head motor (1) is connected to the main transmission shaft (3) via a gear box (7).

3. The new energy picking head system of a cotton picker according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The first driving wheel set comprises a roller driving bevel gear (8) and a roller driven bevel gear (9) which are meshed with each other, the main transmission shaft (3) is connected to the roller driving bevel gear (8) via the electromagnetic clutch (4), and the roller driven bevel gear (9) is connected to the picking head mechanism (2).

4. The new energy picking head system of a cotton picker according to claim 3 is characterized in that: The second rotation speed sensor (6) is installed on one side of the drum driven bevel gear (9).

5. A new energy picking head system for a cotton picker according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that: The picking head mechanism (2) comprises a roller (10), a roller shaft (11), and a doffing disc shaft (12); the roller (10) is rotatably mounted on a machine body (14) via a crank (13); a seat tube (15) is provided on the periphery of the roller (10); a seat tube shaft (16) is passed through the seat tube (15); the roller shaft (11) is connected to the doffing disc shaft (12) via a second driving wheel set; one end of the roller shaft (11) is connected to the first driving wheel set, and the other end is connected to the seat tube shaft (16) via a third driving wheel set; the doffing disc shaft (12) is provided with a plurality of doffing discs (17) arranged at intervals; a picking spindle (18) is provided between two adjacent doffing discs (17); and the seat tube shaft (16) is connected to the picking spindle (18) via a fourth driving wheel set.

6. The new energy picking head system of a cotton picker according to claim 5, characterized in that: The second driving wheel group comprises a roller linkage output gear (19) connected to the roller shaft (11) and a doffer disk gear (20) connected to the doffer disk shaft (12); the roller linkage output gear (19) drives the doffer disk gear (20) via an idler wheel (21).

7. The new energy picking head system of a cotton picker according to claim 5, characterized in that: The third driving wheel set comprises a linkage gear (22) connected to the drum shaft (11) and a seat tube gear (23) connected to one end of the seat tube shaft (16); the linkage gear (22) and the seat tube gear (23) are meshed with each other.

8. The new energy picking head system of a cotton picker according to claim 5, characterized in that: The fourth driving wheel group comprises a seat tube bevel gear (24) connected to the seat tube shaft (16) and a spindle bevel gear (25) connected to one end of the spindle (18); the seat tube bevel gear (24) and the spindle bevel gear (25) are meshed with each other.

9. A control method for a new energy picking head system of a cotton picker, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: Step 1. The controller collects the actual current, actual torque, and actual speed of the mining head motor (1) in real time, and the controller collects the actual speed of the main transmission shaft (3) in real time through the first speed sensor (5), and the controller collects the actual speed of the mining head mechanism (2) in real time through the second speed sensor (6); Step 2. When the actual current and the actual torque of the picking head motor (1) are both within the set high range, and the speed ratio between the actual rotation speed of the main transmission shaft (3) and the actual rotation speed of a certain picking head mechanism (2) is greater than the set speed difference, it is considered that the picking head mechanism (2) is blocked by cotton; Step 3. The controller immediately cuts off the engagement of the electromagnetic clutch (4) of the picking head mechanism (2) where cotton blocking occurs, and simultaneously cuts off the power of the picking head motor (1) to prevent the new energy picking head system from overloading; Step 4. Perform cotton plugging operation: First, the electromagnetic clutch (4) of other normal picking head mechanisms (2) is disconnected, and the electromagnetic clutch (4) of the picking head mechanism (2) with cotton blockage is reconnected, so that the power of the picking head motor (1) is only transmitted to the picking head mechanism (2) with cotton blockage; Then, the controller controls the mining head motor (1) to switch between forward rotation and reverse rotation at a set frequency, thereby achieving system pulse vibration; When the speed ratio between the actual speed of the main transmission shaft (3) and the actual speed of the picking head mechanism (2) with cotton blockage is basically stable, the system reverse cotton ejection operation is started, and the controller controls the picking head motor (1) to reverse according to the set speed gradient until the speed ratio between the actual speed of the main transmission shaft (3) and the actual speed of the picking head mechanism (2) with cotton blockage is stabilized within a normal range, and it is considered that the cotton blockage removal operation has been completed; Step 5. The controller cuts off the power of the mining head motor (1) and restores the engagement of the electromagnetic clutch (4) of other normal mining head mechanisms (2), so that the new energy mining head system is restored to an operational state.

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