Astragalus mongholicus rhizosphere flora ecological regulation and control disease prevention system based on combined application of nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium

Abstract

The invention relates to the field of astragalus mongholicus planting, in particular to an astragalus mongholicus rhizosphere flora ecological regulation and control disease prevention system based on nitrogen-phosphorus-potassium combined application, which comprises a nitrogen-phosphorus-potassium combined application module, a rhizosphere flora monitoring module, a flora regulation and control module, a pest and disease damage early warning module and a prevention and control measure module, the nitrogen-phosphorus-potassium combined application module comprises a fertility detection unit, a growth stage evaluation unit, a fertilization scheme making unit and an intelligent fertilization equipment control unit; the fertility detection unit comprises a soil nutrient rapid tester, through mutual cooperation of all the modules, the quality of astragalus membranaceus is improved, use of chemical pesticides is reduced, pesticide residues are reduced, the safety and quality of medicinal materials are guaranteed, ecological balance is enhanced, growth of rhizosphere effective microbial communities is promoted, stability and health of a soil ecological system are maintained, and the prevention and treatment cost is reduced; through precise fertilization and early warning, unnecessary control investment is reduced, sustainable development is achieved, green and sustainable development of astragalus membranaceus planting is achieved, and the ecological environment is protected.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of astragalus cultivation, in particular to an astragalus rhizosphere microbial community ecological regulation and disease prevention system based on nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium application. Background Art

[0002] Astragalus, a Chinese medicinal material, is the root of the Mongolian Astragalus of the Leguminosae plant. It is dug up in spring and autumn, and the soil, fibrous roots and root heads are removed. It is dried in the sun until it is 60% to 70% dry, straightened and tied into bundles, and then dried. Its functions and indications are: tonifying Qi and strengthening the exterior, expelling toxins and draining pus, promoting diuresis, and promoting tissue regeneration. It is used for Qi deficiency and fatigue, long-term diarrhea and prolapse of the anus, spontaneous sweating, edema, uterine prolapse, proteinuria in chronic nephritis, diabetes, and wounds that do not heal for a long time.

[0003] As an important Chinese medicinal material, Astragalus is easily affected by diseases and pests during the planting process, which leads to a decrease in yield and quality. Traditional pest control methods often rely on chemical pesticides, which may not only cause environmental pollution but also affect the quality and safety of medicinal materials. Therefore, it is necessary to propose an ecological regulation and disease prevention system of Astragalus rhizosphere microbiota based on the combination of nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium. Summary of the invention

[0004] In view of the problems in the prior art, the present invention provides an ecological regulation and disease prevention system of rhizosphere microbiota of Astragalus based on the application of nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium.

[0005] The technical solution adopted by the present invention to solve the technical problem is: an ecological control and disease prevention system of rhizosphere microflora of Astragalus based on nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium application, including a nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium application module, a rhizosphere microflora monitoring module, a microflora control module, a disease and insect pest early warning module and a prevention and control measures module; The nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium application module includes a fertility detection unit, a growth stage evaluation unit, a fertilization plan formulation unit and an intelligent fertilization equipment control unit; the fertility detection unit includes a soil nutrient rapid tester for detecting nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium in the soil; the growth stage evaluation unit determines the growth stage of the astragalus by recording the planting time, plant height and number of leaves; the fertilization plan formulation unit is used for fertility detection and growth stage detection, and combines a preset fertilization model to calculate the precise application amount and ratio of nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium; the intelligent fertilization equipment control unit is connected to the fertilization equipment to achieve precise control of the fertilization amount, fertilization time and fertilization position; The rhizosphere microbial community monitoring module includes a soil sampling unit, a laboratory analysis unit and a data processing and analysis unit; the soil sampling unit includes a professional soil sampling tool, the laboratory analysis unit is equipped with a microbial incubator, a PCR instrument, and a microscope for the cultivation, gene detection and morphological observation of the microbial community; the data processing and analysis unit uses phyloseq to process and analyze the type, quantity and activity of the microbial community; The microbial community control module includes a biological bacteria storage and preparation unit, a soil environment adjustment device unit and an effect monitoring unit; the biological bacteria storage and preparation unit stores beneficial biological bacteria agents and prepares and dilutes them as needed; the soil environment adjustment device unit is used to control soil moisture, the ventilation equipment is used to adjust soil aeration, and the acid-base adjustment agent delivery device is used to adjust soil pH; the effect monitoring unit regularly collects soil samples, detects changes in the microbial community, and evaluates the effects of the control measures; The pest and disease warning module includes a database management unit, a monitoring data collection unit and a warning analysis and release unit; the database management unit stores detailed information on astragalus pests and diseases, including symptom images, occurrence patterns, and degree of damage; the monitoring data collection unit uses sensors and cameras to collect the growth status, meteorological data and soil environmental parameters of astragalus plants in real time; the warning analysis and release unit compares and analyzes the collected data with the information in the database, and when the warning threshold is reached, the warning information is released to the growers via text messages and APP push.

[0006] The control measures module includes a physical control equipment unit, a biological control resource management unit, a chemical control agent management unit and a control effect evaluation unit; the physical control equipment unit performs control by setting traps, insect-proof nets and ultraviolet insecticidal lamps; the biological control resource management unit reserves natural enemy insects and biological pesticides and releases them reasonably; the chemical control agent management unit stores and manages low-toxic and low-residue chemical pesticides, and strictly controls the dosage and timing of use; the control effect evaluation unit conducts regular inspections, sampling tests and evaluations on the effects of control measures.

[0007] The nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium application module can formulate a precise fertilization plan according to the growth stage of Astragalus and the soil fertility conditions.

[0008] The rhizosphere flora monitoring module can regularly collect soil samples and analyze the flora status.

[0009] The microbial community control module can add biological agents and adjust the soil according to the monitoring results.

[0010] The pest and disease early warning module can provide early warning by combining plant growth conditions and rhizosphere microbial community information.

[0011] The control measures module can adopt comprehensive control measures and evaluate and provide feedback on the effects.

[0012] The method for using the astragalus rhizosphere microbial community ecological regulation and disease prevention system based on nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium application comprises the following steps: Step 1: Conduct a comprehensive soil fertility test on the land where Astragalus is planted, including nitrogen, phosphorus, and potassium, and record the planting time and expected growth stage of Astragalus; The fertility detection unit obtains soil fertility data, the growth stage assessment unit determines the growth stage of astragalus, and the fertilization plan formulation unit calculates the precise application amount and ratio of nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium based on the above information. The intelligent fertilization equipment control unit performs precise fertilization according to the above information. Step 2: Use the soil sampling unit to collect rhizosphere soil samples of Astragalus, send the samples to the laboratory analysis unit to detect the type, quantity and activity of the bacterial flora, and the data processing and analysis unit obtains the monitoring results; According to the monitoring results of the rhizosphere microbial community, the biological bacteria storage and preparation unit prepares the corresponding biological bacteria agent, and uses the soil environment adjustment equipment unit to adjust the soil moisture, pH and aeration. The effect monitoring unit samples and monitors again after a period of regulation to evaluate the regulation effect. Step 3: The monitoring data collection unit continuously collects the growth status, weather and soil environment of the Astragalus plants, and the early warning analysis and release unit compares and analyzes the collected data with the information in the database management unit, and releases early warning information to the growers in a timely manner; After receiving the early warning information, select the corresponding prevention and control measures according to the type and severity of the pests and diseases. If it is a mild pest and disease, give priority to the use of physical prevention equipment units for prevention and control. For more serious cases, release natural enemy insects or use biological pesticides in combination with the biological control resource management unit. Only when necessary and the harm is serious, select low-toxic and low-residue chemical pesticides from the chemical control agent management unit and use them strictly in accordance with the prescribed dosage and method. The prevention and control effect evaluation unit regularly evaluates the prevention and control effect after prevention and control to provide reference for subsequent prevention and control work; Step 4: During the entire planting cycle, continuously adjust the nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium application plan, microbial flora regulation, and pest and disease control measures based on monitoring and prevention results.

[0013] Beneficial effects of the present invention: The ecological regulation and disease prevention system of rhizosphere flora of Astragalus based on the application of nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium described in the present invention improves the quality of Astragalus through the cooperation of various modules, reduces the use of chemical pesticides, reduces pesticide residues, ensures the safety and quality of medicinal materials, enhances the ecological balance, promotes the growth of beneficial rhizosphere flora, maintains the stability and health of the soil ecosystem, reduces the cost of prevention and control, reduces unnecessary prevention and control investment through precise fertilization and early warning, achieves sustainable development, realizes the green and sustainable development of Astragalus cultivation, and protects the ecological environment. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0014] The present invention is further described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and embodiments.

[0015] Figure 1 A schematic flow chart of the ecological regulation and disease prevention system of the rhizosphere flora of Astragalus based on the application of nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium provided by the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0016] In order to make the technical means, creative features, objectives and effects achieved by the present invention easy to understand, the present invention is further explained below in conjunction with specific implementation methods.

[0017] like Figure 1 As shown, the astragalus rhizosphere microbial community ecological regulation and disease prevention system based on nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium application of the present invention includes a nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium application module, a rhizosphere microbial community monitoring module, a microbial community regulation module, a disease and insect pest early warning module and a prevention and control measures module; The nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium application module includes a fertility detection unit, a growth stage evaluation unit, a fertilization plan formulation unit and an intelligent fertilization equipment control unit; the fertility detection unit includes a soil nutrient rapid tester for detecting nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium in the soil; the growth stage evaluation unit determines the growth stage of the astragalus by recording the planting time, plant height and number of leaves; the fertilization plan formulation unit is used for fertility detection and growth stage detection, and combines a preset fertilization model to calculate the precise application amount and ratio of nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium; the intelligent fertilization equipment control unit is connected to the fertilization equipment to achieve precise control of the fertilization amount, fertilization time and fertilization position; The rhizosphere microbial community monitoring module includes a soil sampling unit, a laboratory analysis unit and a data processing and analysis unit; the soil sampling unit includes a professional soil sampling tool to ensure that the collected samples are representative; the laboratory analysis unit is equipped with a microbial incubator, a PCR instrument, and a microscope for the cultivation, gene detection and morphological observation of the microbial community; the data processing and analysis unit uses phyloseq to process and analyze the type, quantity and activity of the microbial community; The microbial community control module includes a biological bacteria storage and preparation unit, a soil environment adjustment device unit and an effect monitoring unit; the biological bacteria storage and preparation unit stores beneficial biological bacteria agents and prepares and dilutes them as needed; the soil environment adjustment device unit is used to control soil moisture, the ventilation equipment is used to adjust soil aeration, and the acid-base adjustment agent delivery device is used to adjust soil pH; the effect monitoring unit regularly collects soil samples, detects changes in the microbial community, and evaluates the effects of the control measures; The pest and disease warning module includes a database management unit, a monitoring data collection unit and a warning analysis and release unit; the database management unit stores detailed information on astragalus pests and diseases, including symptom images, occurrence patterns, and degree of damage; the monitoring data collection unit uses sensors and cameras to collect the growth status, meteorological data and soil environmental parameters of astragalus plants in real time; the warning analysis and release unit compares and analyzes the collected data with the information in the database, and when the warning threshold is reached, the warning information is released to the growers via text messages and APP push.

[0018] The control measures module includes a physical control equipment unit, a biological control resource management unit, a chemical control agent management unit and a control effect evaluation unit; the physical control equipment unit performs control by setting traps, insect-proof nets and ultraviolet insecticidal lamps; the biological control resource management unit reserves natural enemy insects and biological pesticides and releases them reasonably; the chemical control agent management unit stores and manages low-toxic and low-residue chemical pesticides, and strictly controls the dosage and timing of use; the control effect evaluation unit conducts regular inspections, sampling tests and evaluations on the effects of control measures.

[0019] The nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium application module can formulate a precise fertilization plan according to the growth stage of Astragalus and the soil fertility conditions.

[0020] The rhizosphere flora monitoring module can regularly collect soil samples and analyze the flora status.

[0021] The microbial community control module can add biological agents and adjust the soil according to the monitoring results.

[0022] The pest and disease early warning module can provide early warning by combining plant growth conditions and rhizosphere microbial community information.

[0023] The control measures module can adopt comprehensive control measures and evaluate and provide feedback on the effects.

[0024] The nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium application module formulates a precise fertilization plan for nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium based on the growth stage of astragalus and the soil fertility status, and adopts intelligent fertilization equipment to ensure the accurate application amount and uniform distribution of fertilizers.

[0025] The rhizosphere microbial community monitoring module regularly collects rhizosphere soil samples of Astragalus membranaceus and uses molecular biology techniques and microbial culture methods to analyze the types, quantities and activities of the rhizosphere microbial community.

[0026] The microbial community control module selects appropriate biological agents or prebiotics to add to the rhizosphere soil according to the rhizosphere microbial community monitoring results, and adjusts the pH, humidity and aeration of the soil to promote the growth of beneficial microbial communities and inhibit the reproduction of harmful microbial communities.

[0027] The pest and disease warning module establishes an astragalus pest and disease database, including the symptoms, occurrence patterns and prevention and control methods of common pests and diseases, monitors the growth status of astragalus plants and changes in the surrounding environment in real time, and combines rhizosphere microbial community information to provide early warning of the occurrence of pests and diseases.

[0028] Based on early warning of pests and diseases, the prevention and control measures module adopts comprehensive prevention and control measures, including physical control (such as traps and insect nets), biological control (such as releasing natural enemies and using biological pesticides) and low-toxic chemical control when necessary, evaluates and provides feedback on the prevention and control effects, and continuously optimizes the prevention and control strategies.

[0029] Embodiment 1:

[0030] In the early stage of Astragalus cultivation, soil testing determined that the soil fertility was at a medium level. The nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium application module formulated a fertilization plan: 10 kg of nitrogen fertilizer, 5 kg of phosphorus fertilizer and 8 kg of potassium fertilizer per mu. In the middle of growth, the rhizosphere microbial community monitoring module found that the number of beneficial bacteria decreased. The microbial community regulation module then added an appropriate amount of Bacillus agent and adjusted the soil moisture to 60%. The pest and disease warning module discovered early signs of aphids in the late growth stage. The prevention and control measures module immediately activated the yellow sticky insect board for physical control and released ladybugs for biological control, successfully controlling the damage of aphids.

[0031] Embodiment 2:

[0032] For the planting plots with higher fertility, the nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium application module adjusted the fertilizer dosage to: 8 kg of nitrogen fertilizer, 4 kg of phosphorus fertilizer, and 6 kg of potassium fertilizer. The rhizosphere microbial community monitoring module continuously monitored and found an increase in harmful fungi. The microbial community regulation module controlled the increase by applying Trichoderma agents and adjusting the soil pH to slightly acidic. Throughout the growing season, the pest and disease early warning module found no signs of serious pests and diseases. Astragalus grew well, and the yield and quality were guaranteed. During specific use, a comprehensive soil fertility test is conducted on the land where Astragalus is planted, including nitrogen, phosphorus, and potassium, and the planting time and expected growth stage of Astragalus are recorded; the fertility test unit obtains soil fertility data, the growth stage assessment unit determines the growth stage of Astragalus, and the fertilization plan formulation unit calculates the precise application amount and ratio of nitrogen, phosphorus, and potassium based on the above information, and the intelligent fertilization equipment control unit performs precise fertilization according to the plan; the soil sampling unit is used to collect rhizosphere soil samples of Astragalus, and the samples are sent to the laboratory analysis unit for detection and analysis of the type, quantity and activity of the bacterial flora, and the data processing and analysis unit obtains the monitoring results; based on the rhizosphere bacterial flora monitoring results, the biological bacteria storage and deployment unit prepares the corresponding biological bacteria agent, and the soil environment regulation equipment unit is used to adjust the soil's humidity, pH and aeration, and the effect monitoring unit samples and monitors again after a period of regulation to evaluate the regulation effect; the monitoring data collection unit Yuan continuously collects the growth status, meteorological and soil environment of Astragalus plants. The early warning analysis and release unit compares and analyzes the collected data with the information in the database management unit. When the early warning threshold is reached, early warning information is promptly released to growers. After receiving the early warning information, the corresponding prevention and control measures are selected according to the type and severity of the pests and diseases. If it is a mild pest and disease, the physical prevention equipment unit is used for prevention and control first. For more serious situations, the biological control resource management unit is combined to release natural enemy insects or use biological pesticides. Only when it is necessary and the harm is serious, low-toxic and low-residue chemical pesticides are selected from the chemical control agent management unit and used in strict accordance with the prescribed dosage and method. The prevention and control effect evaluation unit regularly evaluates the prevention and control effect after prevention and control to provide a reference for subsequent prevention and control work. During the entire planting cycle, the nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium application plan, microbial community regulation, and pest and disease control measures are continuously adjusted according to the monitoring and prevention and control effects.

[0033] The above shows and describes the basic principles, main features and advantages of the present invention. Those skilled in the art should understand that the present invention is not limited to the above embodiments. The above embodiments and descriptions are only for explaining the principles of the present invention. Without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention, the present invention may be changed and improved, and these changes and improvements fall within the scope of the present invention. The scope of the present invention is defined by the attached claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. An ecological control and disease prevention system of rhizosphere flora of Astragalus membranaceus based on nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium application, characterized in that: It includes nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium application module, rhizosphere microbial community monitoring module, microbial community regulation module, pest and disease early warning module and prevention and control measures module; The nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium application module includes a fertility detection unit, a growth stage evaluation unit, a fertilization plan formulation unit and an intelligent fertilization equipment control unit; the fertility detection unit includes a soil nutrient rapid tester for detecting nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium in the soil; the growth stage evaluation unit determines the growth stage of the astragalus by recording the planting time, plant height and number of leaves; the fertilization plan formulation unit is used for fertility detection and growth stage detection, and combines a preset fertilization model to calculate the precise application amount and ratio of nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium; the intelligent fertilization equipment control unit is connected to the fertilization equipment to control the fertilization amount, fertilization time and fertilization position; The rhizosphere microbial community monitoring module includes a soil sampling unit, a laboratory analysis unit and a data processing and analysis unit; the soil sampling unit includes a professional soil sampling tool, the laboratory analysis unit is equipped with a microbial incubator, a PCR instrument, and a microscope for the cultivation, gene detection and morphological observation of the microbial community; the data processing and analysis unit uses phyloseq to process and analyze the type, quantity and activity of the microbial community; The microbial community control module includes a biological bacteria storage and preparation unit, a soil environment adjustment device unit and an effect monitoring unit; the biological bacteria storage and preparation unit stores beneficial biological bacteria agents and prepares and dilutes them as needed; the soil environment adjustment device unit is used to control soil moisture, the ventilation equipment is used to adjust soil aeration, and the acid-base adjustment agent delivery device is used to adjust soil pH; the effect monitoring unit regularly collects soil samples, detects changes in the microbial community, and evaluates the effects of the control measures; The pest warning module includes a database management unit, a monitoring data collection unit and a warning analysis and release unit; the database management unit stores detailed information on astragalus pests and diseases, including symptom images, occurrence patterns, and degree of harm; The monitoring data collection unit uses sensors and cameras to collect the growth status of the astragalus plant, meteorological data and soil environmental parameters in real time; The early warning analysis and release unit compares and analyzes the collected data with the information in the database. When the early warning threshold is reached, the early warning information is released to the growers via SMS or APP push.

2. The astragalus rhizosphere flora ecological regulation and disease prevention system based on nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium application according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The control measures module includes a physical control equipment unit, a biological control resource management unit, a chemical control agent management unit and a control effect evaluation unit; the physical control equipment unit performs control by setting traps, insect-proof nets and ultraviolet insecticidal lamps; the biological control resource management unit reserves natural enemy insects and biological pesticides and releases them reasonably; the chemical control agent management unit stores and manages low-toxic and low-residue chemical pesticides, and strictly controls the dosage and timing of use; the control effect evaluation unit conducts regular inspections, sampling tests and evaluations on the effects of control measures.

3. The astragalus rhizosphere flora ecological regulation and disease prevention system based on nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium application according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium application module can formulate a precise fertilization plan according to the growth stage of Astragalus and the soil fertility conditions.

4. The astragalus rhizosphere flora ecological regulation and disease prevention system based on nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium application according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The rhizosphere flora monitoring module can regularly collect soil samples and analyze the flora status.

5. The astragalus rhizosphere flora ecological regulation and disease prevention system based on nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium application according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The microbial community control module can add biological agents and adjust the soil according to the monitoring results.

6. The astragalus rhizosphere flora ecological regulation and disease prevention system based on nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium application according to claim 1, characterized in that: The pest and disease early warning module can provide early warning by combining plant growth conditions and rhizosphere microbial community information.

7. The astragalus rhizosphere flora ecological regulation and disease prevention system based on nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium application according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The control measures module can adopt comprehensive control measures and evaluate and provide feedback on the effects.

8. The astragalus rhizosphere flora ecological regulation and disease prevention system based on nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium application according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The bacterial flora ecological regulation and disease prevention method of the system specifically includes: Step 1: Conduct a comprehensive soil fertility test on the land where Astragalus is planted, including nitrogen, phosphorus, and potassium, and record the planting time and expected growth stage of Astragalus; Step 1: The fertility detection unit obtains soil fertility data, the growth stage assessment unit determines the growth stage of astragalus, the fertilization plan formulation unit calculates the precise application amount and ratio of nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium based on the above information, and the intelligent fertilization equipment control unit performs precise fertilization according to the plan; Step 2: Use the soil sampling unit to collect rhizosphere soil samples of Astragalus, send the samples to the laboratory analysis unit to detect and analyze the types, quantity and activity of the bacterial flora, and the data processing and analysis unit obtains the monitoring results; According to the monitoring results of the rhizosphere microbial community, the biological bacteria storage and preparation unit prepares the corresponding biological bacteria agent, and uses the soil environment adjustment equipment unit to adjust the soil moisture, pH and aeration. The effect monitoring unit samples and monitors again after a period of regulation to evaluate the regulation effect. Step 3: The monitoring data collection unit continuously collects the growth status, weather and soil environment of the Astragalus plants, and the early warning analysis and release unit compares and analyzes the collected data with the information in the database management unit, and releases early warning information to the growers in a timely manner; After receiving the early warning information, select the corresponding prevention and control measures according to the type and severity of the pests and diseases. If it is a mild pest and disease, give priority to the use of physical prevention equipment units for prevention and control. For more serious cases, release natural enemy insects or use biological pesticides in combination with the biological control resource management unit. Only when necessary and the harm is serious, select low-toxic and low-residue chemical pesticides from the chemical control agent management unit and use them strictly in accordance with the prescribed dosage and method. The prevention and control effect evaluation unit regularly evaluates the prevention and control effect after prevention and control to provide reference for subsequent prevention and control work; Step 4: During the entire planting cycle, continuously adjust the nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium application plan, microbial flora regulation, and pest and disease control measures based on monitoring and prevention results.

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