Fluoro-ethane composition, plant growth regulator and use thereof

Abstract

The present application relates to a kind of fluoro-eth composition, plant growth regulator and its application, belong to the technical field of pesticide.The present application provides a kind of fluoro-eth composition, including flumetralin and ethephon, and the mass ratio of flumetralin and ethephon is flumetralin:ethephon=1:(0.05-20).The present application creatively combines control tip drug flumetralin and kill tip drug ethephon together to prepare fluoro-eth composition, and the compound preparation of flumetralin and ethephon can be used to control and inhibit litchi winter shoot, and its efficacy is mild, and the safe period is longer, and the safety is extremely high, compared with the conventional chemical control drug used alone, the control effect on litchi winter shoot is also more comprehensive and excellent, not only can control the germination of winter shoot, is conducive to the accumulation of tree nutrients, promotes flower bud differentiation, but also can have obvious control or kill shoot effect on the growth of litchi winter shoot that just sprouts certain length, so as to reduce the consumption of tree nutrients, lay a solid foundation for the stable yield of second year.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of pesticides, and in particular to a fluorine-ethyl composition, a plant growth regulator and applications thereof. Background Art

[0002] During autumn and winter, under favorable conditions, lychee trees produce numerous new shoots. These shoots, however, are unable to produce flower spikes or develop into fruiting branches. These shoots are called winter shoots. Winter shoots not only deplete the tree's nutrients but also severely hinder flower bud differentiation and flowering and fruiting the following year, resulting in yield losses. Winter shoots grow slowly. If not matured promptly, they are more susceptible to frost damage in cold weather, which can affect the tree's growth and health. Effectively controlling winter shoot growth in lychees helps accumulate nutrients, promotes flower bud differentiation, and lays a solid foundation for flowering and fruiting, as well as high and stable yields, the following year.

[0003] Winter shoot management involves controlling the emergence of winter shoots and inhibiting the growth of existing ones. Besides physical measures like girdling and root removal, chemical manipulation is more commonly employed. For example, paclobutrazol and other shoot control agents, as well as shoot killers like ethephon or oxyfluorfen, are used to control shoots when autumn shoots mature, or to kill winter shoots uniformly after they have reached a certain length before controlling them. However, the chemical control agents currently used for litchi shoots are complex and diverse, with varying properties and application techniques, all presenting limitations and drawbacks. Some require specific application timing, resulting in poor results if the timing is missed. Others, when used improperly, can cause damage to the tree, impacting its health, if concentration and temperature are not properly controlled.

[0004] Paclobutrazol requires high dosages, has a short duration of effectiveness, and a long residual period. Improper use can lead to premature aging of the tree. Furthermore, paclobutrazol is less effective against newly emerged shoots, so timing is critical. It is generally applied before autumn shoots mature and winter shoots emerge. Due to factors such as climate and cultivation management, the maturity of autumn shoots and the emergence of winter shoots are often uneven, making uniform control difficult. Therefore, if winter shoots have already sprouted, the effectiveness of shoot control agents will be significantly affected.

[0005] Flumetralin is a relatively new contact plant growth regulator with rapid absorption, rapid action and long lasting effect. It is usually used as a sprout inhibitor with small residual amount, so it is extremely safe.

[0006] Tip killers such as ethephon and oxyfluorfen are primarily used to suppress winter lychee shoots that have already grown to a certain length. Ethephon has a wide range of uses, killing shoots that have only just emerged a few centimeters, causing them to gradually shrink and shed leaves. While mild, it also accelerates autumn shoot maturation, promotes dormancy, and regulates the ratio of male and female flowers. However, these tips killers have strict requirements for specific litchi varieties, concentration, water usage, and temperature. Improper use can easily cause leaf drop and damage, impacting flowering and tree health.

[0007] Therefore, there is an urgent need for a plant growth regulator that combines shoot control and shoot killing, has a long lasting effect, is highly safe, has a low dosage, is flexible to use, and can effectively control shoots even if winter shoots have sprouted a certain number and length. Summary of the Invention

[0008] The purpose of the present invention is to overcome the shortcomings of the existing technology and provide a fluorine-ethyl composition, a plant growth regulator and its application which combines shoot control and shoot killing, has a low dosage, is flexible to use, and can effectively control shoots even if winter shoots have sprouted a certain number and length.

[0009] To achieve the above object, the technical solution adopted by the present invention is:

[0010] In a first aspect, the present invention provides a fluorine-ethylene composition comprising flumetralin and ethephon, wherein the mass ratio of flumetralin to ethephon is flumetralin:ethephon=1:(0.05-20).

[0011] The invention combines flumetralin and ethephon into a fluorine-ethylene composition, which is applied to litchi treetops to synergistically inhibit the growth of winter shoots and control the number of winter shoots, thereby increasing the yield of litchi.

[0012] As a preferred embodiment of the fluoro-ethyl composition of the present invention, the mass ratio of flumetralin to ethephon is flumetralin:ethephon = 1:(0.1-10). Within the preferred ratio range, the fluoro-ethyl composition of the present invention has a better control and inhibition effect on litchi winter shoots.

[0013] As a preferred embodiment of the fluorine-ethylene composition of the present invention, the mass ratio of flumetralin and ethephon includes but is not limited to at least one of flumetralin:ethephon = 1:0.1, flumetralin:ethephon = 1:0.2, flumetralin:ethephon = 1:0.5, flumetralin:ethephon = 1:1, flumetralin:ethephon = 1:2, flumetralin:ethephon = 1:3, flumetralin:ethephon = 1:4, flumetralin:ethephon = 1:5, flumetralin:ethephon = 1:6, flumetralin:ethephon = 1:7, flumetralin:ethephon = 1:8, flumetralin:ethephon = 1:9 and flumetralin:ethephon = 1:10.

[0014] In a second aspect, the present invention provides the use of the above-mentioned fluorine-ethyl composition in the preparation of plant growth regulators.

[0015] In a third aspect, the present invention provides a plant growth regulator comprising the above-mentioned fluorine-ethyl composition and an agricultural adjuvant.

[0016] As a preferred embodiment of the plant growth regulator of the present invention, the plant growth regulating composition accounts for 5-60% of the total mass of the composite plant growth regulator.

[0017] As a preferred embodiment of the plant growth regulator of the present invention, the plant growth regulating composition accounts for 10-50% of the total mass of the composite plant growth regulator.

[0018] As a preferred embodiment of the plant growth regulator of the present invention, the agricultural adjuvant includes at least one of a carrier, a solvent, a cosolvent, a dispersant, an emulsifier, a wetting agent, a synergist, an antifreeze agent, a stabilizer, a defoaming agent, and a pH adjuster. The plant growth regulator of the present invention may also include commonly used agricultural adjuvants such as a spreader and a rheological agent.

[0019] As a preferred embodiment of the plant growth regulator of the present invention, the solvent includes but is not limited to at least one of water, methyl oleate, toluene, benzene, xylene, acetone, and soybean oil.

[0020] As a preferred embodiment of the plant growth regulator of the present invention, the cosolvent includes but is not limited to at least one of monohydric alcohol, polyhydric alcohol, cyclohexanone, acetone, glycol ether, epoxy soybean oil, sodium benzoate, and sodium salicylate.

[0021] As a preferred embodiment of the plant growth regulator of the present invention, the dispersant includes but is not limited to at least one of sodium lignin sulfonate, white carbon black, sodium sulfate, sodium phosphate, styrene-acrylic acid copolymer, and sodium naphthalene sulfonate.

[0022] As a preferred embodiment of the plant growth regulator of the present invention, the emulsifier includes but is not limited to at least one of xanthan gum, fatty alcohol polyoxyethylene ether, methyl oleate, dibenzyl biphenyl polyoxyethylene ether, calcium dodecylbenzene sulfonate, and benzoyl camphor.

[0023] As a preferred embodiment of the plant growth regulator of the present invention, the wetting agent includes but is not limited to at least one of sodium lignin sulfonate, sodium lauryl sulfate, polyoxyethylene alkyl ether, and fatty alcohol polyoxyethylene ether.

[0024] As a preferred embodiment of the plant growth regulator of the present invention, the synergist includes but is not limited to at least one of diatomaceous earth, sodium sulfate, fatty alcohol polyoxyethylene ether, methyl oleate, and D-citric acid.

[0025] As a preferred embodiment of the plant growth regulator of the present invention, the antifreeze agent includes but is not limited to at least one of polyols, diethylene glycol, ethylene glycol butyl ether, dichloromethane, dimethyl sulfoxide, calcium chloride, sodium acetate, and magnesium chloride.

[0026] As a preferred embodiment of the plant growth regulator of the present invention, the stabilizer includes but is not limited to at least one of white carbon black, diatomaceous earth, xanthan gum, bentonite, ascorbic acid, sodium thiosulfate, benzophenone, monohydric alcohol, dihydric alcohol, and polyol.

[0027] As a preferred embodiment of the plant growth regulator of the present invention, the defoaming agent includes but is not limited to at least one of ethanol, propanol, isopropanol, butanol, dodecanol, and tetradecanol.

[0028] As a preferred embodiment of the plant growth regulator of the present invention, the pH regulator includes but is not limited to at least one of sodium sulfate, sodium hydroxide, and hydrochloric acid.

[0029] As a preferred embodiment of the plant growth regulator of the present invention, the carrier includes at least one of white carbon black, diatomaceous earth, kaolin, and bentonite.

[0030] As a preferred embodiment of the plant growth regulator of the present invention, the formulation of the plant growth regulator includes, but is not limited to, at least one of a suspension concentrate, a wettable powder, a water-dispersible granule, a granule, an emulsifiable concentrate, a microemulsion, an aqueous emulsion, and an oil suspension. The plant growth regulator of the present invention is not limited to a specific formulation and can be prepared in different formulations for administration according to actual conditions.

[0031] In a fourth aspect, the present invention provides the use of the above-mentioned fluorine-ethyl composition or plant growth regulator in controlling the germination and growth of litchi winter shoots.

[0032] In a fifth aspect, the present invention further provides a method for controlling the germination and growth of litchi winter shoots, comprising the following steps:

[0033] (1) diluting the fluorine-ethyl combination or the plant growth regulator into a liquid, spraying the liquid onto the top and outer branches of the litchi tree when the autumn shoots of the litchi are about to mature or the winter shoots begin to sprout, until water drips from the leaf tips;

[0034] (2) 15-30 days after the application of the pesticide, spray the solution of step (1) again according to the growth of the litchi winter shoots according to the operation of step (1), and continue to observe until the litchi winter shoots stop growing, and then end the application of the pesticide.

[0035] As a preferred embodiment of the method for controlling the germination and growth of litchi winter shoots of the present invention, in step (1), the concentration of the fluorine-ethyl composition or plant growth regulator after being diluted into a liquid medicine is 200-350 ppm.

[0036] As a preferred embodiment of the method for controlling the germination and growth of litchi winter shoots according to the present invention, in step (1), the period from when the litchi autumn shoots are about to mature to when the winter shoots begin to germinate is from when the litchi autumn shoots mature to when the winter shoots begin to germinate to when the length of the new shoots is 0-10 cm. Experiments have confirmed that even though the litchi winter shoots have already germinated, the application of the drug can still effectively inhibit and control the growth of the winter shoots. The application conditions are more extensive, and there is no need to apply traditional plant growth regulators such as paclobutrazol before the winter shoots germinate. Furthermore, the application can alleviate the impact of poor yield caused by uncontrolled winter shoots due to weather changes.

[0037] As a preferred embodiment of the method for controlling the germination and growth of litchi winter shoots of the present invention, in step (1), the litchi autumn shoots are about to mature and begin to germinate, which is the time from the ripening of the litchi autumn shoots to the beginning of the sprouting of the winter shoots to the length of the new shoots being 0.5-8 cm.

[0038] As a preferred embodiment of the method for controlling the germination and growth of litchi winter shoots of the present invention, in step (1), the litchi autumn shoots are about to mature and begin to germinate, which is the time from the ripening of the litchi autumn shoots to the beginning of the sprouting of the winter shoots to the length of the new shoots of 1-5 cm.

[0039] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0040] The present invention creatively combines the shoot-controlling drug flumetralin and the shoot-killing drug ethephon to form a fluorine-ethephon composition. The combined formulation of flumetralin and ethephon creates a synergistic effect for controlling and inhibiting litchi winter shoots, with a longer duration of effect and extremely high safety. Compared with conventional chemical control drugs used alone, the control effect on litchi winter shoots is more comprehensive and superior. It not only controls the germination of winter shoots, which is beneficial for tree nutrient accumulation and promotes flower bud differentiation, but also significantly controls or kills litchi winter shoots that have already grown to a certain length, thereby reducing tree nutrient consumption and laying a solid foundation for high and stable yields in the second year. Furthermore, the composition has a mild efficacy, can extend the application window, and is more flexible and convenient during application, saving time and labor. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0041] Figure 1 The winter shoot control conditions of litchi trees before and after application of the treatment group 4 in the efficacy example of the present invention, where A is before application and B is 25 days after application;

[0042] Figure 2 The winter shoot inhibition of litchi trees before and after the application of the treatment group 4 in the efficacy example of the present invention, where A is before the application and B is 7 days after the application;

[0043] Figure 3 The winter shoot inhibition of litchi trees before and after the application of the treatment group 4 in the efficacy example of the present invention, where A is before the application and B is 7 days after the application;

[0044] Figure 4 This is the winter shoot inhibition of litchi trees before and after application of treatment group 4 in the efficacy example of the present invention, where A is before application and B is 7 days after application. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0045] In order to better illustrate the purpose, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention, the present invention will be further described below in conjunction with specific embodiments.

[0046] Unless otherwise specified, other materials, reagents, etc. used in the Examples, Comparative Examples, and Effect Examples can be obtained from commercial sources.

[0047] Example 1

[0048] An embodiment of the plant growth regulator of the present invention, the formulation of the plant growth regulator in this embodiment is a wettable powder, including flumetralin, ethephon, sodium lignin sulfonate, sodium lauryl sulfate, white carbon and diatomaceous earth, and the mass ratio of flumetralin:ethephon:sodium lignin sulfonate:sodium lauryl sulfate:white carbon:diatomaceous earth = 25:2.5:3:1.5:5:63.

[0049] The preparation method of the wettable powder is as follows: the above components are put into a blender to be fully mixed, and then the materials are crushed by a jet mill to obtain a wettable powder product.

[0050] Example 2

[0051] An embodiment of the plant growth regulator of the present invention, the dosage form of the plant growth regulator described in this embodiment is a suspension concentrate, including flumetralin, ethephon, polyoxyethylene alkyl ether, xanthan gum, sodium sulfate, bentonite and deionized water, and the mass ratio of flumetralin: ethephon: polyoxyethylene alkyl ether: xanthan gum: sodium sulfate: bentonite: deionized water = 12.5:5:6:0.5:1:1:74.

[0052] The preparation method of the suspension agent is as follows: the above components are put into a shearing preparation kettle to be fully mixed, and then the materials are slowly passed through a sand mill to be ground until the mixed particle size meets the requirements, thereby obtaining a suspension agent product.

[0053] Example 3

[0054] An embodiment of the plant growth regulator of the present invention, the dosage form of the plant growth regulator described in this embodiment is an oil suspension, including flumetralin, ethephon, fatty alcohol polyoxyethylene ether, magnesium aluminum silicate, bentonite and methyl oleate, and the mass ratio of flumetralin: ethephon: fatty alcohol polyoxyethylene ether: magnesium aluminum silicate: bentonite: methyl oleate = 5:5:4:0.3:1:84.7.

[0055] The preparation method of the oil suspension concentrate is as follows: the above components are put into a shearing preparation kettle to be fully mixed, and then the materials are slowly passed through a sand mill to be ground until the mixed particle size meets the requirements, thereby obtaining the oil suspension concentrate product.

[0056] Comparative Example 1

[0057] A comparative example of the plant growth regulator of the present invention is a suspension concentrate comprising 25% by mass of paclobutrazol. The preparation method of the suspension concentrate is the same as that of Example 2.

[0058] Comparative Example 2

[0059] A comparative example of the plant growth regulator of the present invention is provided. The plant growth regulator of this embodiment is in the form of an aqueous solution containing 40% by weight of ethephon. The preparation method of the aqueous solution is the same as that of Example 2.

[0060] Comparative Example 3

[0061] A comparative example of the plant growth regulator of the present invention is a suspension concentrate comprising 25% by mass of flumetralin. The preparation method of the suspension concentrate is the same as that of Example 2.

[0062] Effect Examples

[0063] The plant growth regulators obtained in Examples 2-3 and Comparative Examples 1-3 were subjected to shoot control and shoot killing tests.

[0064] Selecting litchi trees with the same tree size and growth vigor, applying pesticides when the litchi autumn shoots are mature and the winter shoots begin to sprout, the applying steps include the following steps:

[0065] (1) The plant growth regulators obtained in Examples 2-3 and Comparative Examples 1-3 and clean water were diluted to prepare liquid medicines. The application concentrations are shown in Table 1. The liquid medicines were sprayed on the top and outer branches of litchi trees when the autumn shoots of litchi trees were about to mature and the winter shoots began to sprout, until water dripped from the leaf tips.

[0066] (2) After 15-30 days of spraying, spray the solution of step (1) again according to the growth of the litchi winter shoots according to the operation of step (1), and continue to observe until the litchi winter shoots stop growing, and then end the spraying.

[0067] Table 1 Application concentrations of different drug treatments

[0068] Group Drug treatment Application concentration (ppm) 1 Example 2 233 2 Example 2 350 3 Example 3 200 4 Example 3 333 5 Comparative Example 1 300 6 Comparative Example 2 200 7 Comparative Example 3 200 8 Blank control /

[0069] Before spraying, extract two large autumn shoots from the middle and upper part of each tree in the east, south, west and north directions to investigate the number and length of winter shoots sprouting. After spraying, regularly investigate the number and length of winter shoots sprouting, and calculate the control rate and inhibition rate of winter shoots according to the following formula:

[0070] Winter shoot control rate (%) = (average number of winter shoots in blank control - average number of winter shoots in drug treatment) / average number of winter shoots in blank control × 100;

[0071] Winter shoot inhibition rate (%) = (average length of winter shoots in blank control - average length of winter shoots in drug treatment) / average length of winter shoots in blank control × 100.

[0072] Yield was measured during the litchi harvest in the second year after the experiment, and the yield increase rate was calculated according to the following formula.

[0073] Yield increase rate (%) = (average yield of drug treatment - average yield of control treatment) / average yield of control treatment × 100;

[0074] The above results can be seen Figure 1-4 , Table 2-3.

[0075] Table 2 Effects of different treatment groups on litchi winter shoots

[0076]

[0077] like Figure 1-4 As shown, 25 days after spraying the plant growth regulator of Example 3, the litchi tree as a whole basically did not sprout new winter shoots, indicating that the vegetative growth of the tree was inhibited and transformed into flower bud differentiation; the winter shoots that had already sprouted withered and fell off after being treated with the composition. On the one hand, the growth of the winter shoots was inhibited, which can reduce the consumption of nutrients in the tree. On the other hand, the remaining winter shoot stems can control the sprouting of new winter shoots, thereby achieving control and inhibition of the winter shoots of the litchi tree from different directions.

[0078] As shown in Table 2, when the autumn shoots of litchi mature and the winter shoots begin to sprout, spraying a plant growth regulator containing flumetralin and ethephon has an excellent effect on controlling the winter shoots of litchi. The shoot control rates of treatments 1 to 4 are 88.76%, 94.06%, 86.68% and 89.89%, respectively, and the shoot control rates of treatments 5 to 7 are 58.75%, 21.35% and 61%, respectively. This shows that the compositions of Examples 2 and 3 are better than the effects of using either a shoot-control agent or a shoot-killing agent alone in controlling the germination of the winter shoots of litchi.

[0079] The shoot inhibition rates of treatments 1 to 4 were 70.00%, 78.82%, 72.35%, and 88.24%, respectively, and the shoot control rates of treatments 5 to 7 were 35.88%, 91.18%, and 41.18%, respectively, indicating that the compositions of Examples 2 and 3 had a good inhibitory effect on winter shoots that had grown to a certain length. As the concentration of ethephon increased, the shoot inhibition rate increased. However, ethephon is affected by the variety, temperature, and concentration. If it is not used properly, it is easy to cause phytotoxicity. The concentration should not be increased arbitrarily. Moreover, the use of ethephon alone has almost only a shoot inhibition effect, and the shoot control effect is extremely poor.

[0080] Table 3 Effects of different treatments on litchi yield

[0081]

[0082] As shown in Table 3, due to adverse weather conditions in the winter and spring during the experimental period, which affected the flowering and fruiting of litchi, litchi yield decreased compared to the same period in previous years. However, the data in Table 3 still show that the plant growth regulators of Examples 2 and 3 all had a good yield-increasing effect. Compared with Treatments 5 and 7, which used the shoot-control agent alone, the yields increased by 39.37%, 66.46%, 33.23%, and 46.30%, and by 27.80%, 52.64%, 22.17%, and 34.15%, respectively. Compared with Treatment 6, which used the shoot-killing agent ethephon alone, the yields increased by 137.90%, 184.14%, 127.42%, and 149.73%, respectively.

[0083] Based on the above test results, it can be seen that the combination of flumetralin and ethephon has a good synergistic effect. Compared with the use of conventional chemical control drugs alone, the effect is more comprehensive and excellent. It can not only control the germination of winter shoots, but also has a good inhibitory effect on winter shoots that have grown to a certain length. It is beneficial to the accumulation of nutrients in litchi trees and promotes the differentiation of flower buds, laying a solid foundation for stable and high yields of litchi in the second year.

[0084] Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention and are not intended to limit the scope of protection of the present invention. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to preferred embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that the technical solutions of the present invention may be modified or replaced by equivalents without departing from the essence and scope of the technical solutions of the present invention.

Claims

1. Use of a plant growth regulator in controlling the germination and growth of litchi winter shoots; the plant growth regulator comprises a fluorine-ethyl composition and an agricultural adjuvant, the fluorine-ethyl composition comprises flumetralin and ethephon, and the mass ratio of flumetralin to ethephon is flumetralin:ethephon = 1:(0.1-2).

2. The use according to claim 1, characterized in that The fluorine-ethyl combination accounts for 5-60% of the total mass of the plant growth regulator.

3. The use according to claim 2, characterized in that The fluorine-ethyl combination accounts for 10-50% of the total mass of the plant growth regulator.

4. The use according to claim 1, wherein The agricultural adjuvant includes at least one of a solvent, a co-solvent, a dispersant, an emulsifier, a wetting agent, a synergist, an antifreeze agent, a stabilizer, a defoaming agent and a pH regulator.

5. A method for controlling the germination and growth of litchi winter shoots, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: (1) diluting the plant growth regulator according to any one of claims 1 to 4 into a liquid, spraying the liquid onto the top and outer branches of the litchi tree when the autumn shoots of the litchi are about to mature and the winter shoots begin to sprout, until water drips from the leaf tips; (2) 15-30 days after the application of the pesticide, spray the solution of step (1) again according to the growth of the litchi winter shoots according to the operation of step (1), and continue to observe until the litchi winter shoots stop growing, and then end the application of the pesticide.

6. The method according to claim 5, wherein Including at least one of the following (I) to (II): (I) In step (1), the concentration of the plant growth regulator after dilution into a liquid is 200-350 ppm; (II) In step (1), the time when the autumn shoots of litchi are about to mature and the winter shoots begin to sprout is the time when the autumn shoots of litchi are mature and the winter shoots begin to sprout and the length of the new shoots is 0-10 cm.

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