Bemisia tabaci repelling agent for preventing and treating tomato virus diseases and use method of bemisia tabaci repelling agent

Abstract

The invention discloses a bemisia tabaci repellent for preventing and treating tomato virus diseases and a use method thereof. The bemisia tabaci repellent is prepared from the following components in percentage by weight: 35 to 60 percent of perillaldehyde, 15 percent of ethanol, 5 to 35 percent of alpha-pinene and 15 percent of petroleum ether. The bemisia tabaci repellent provided by the invention has the advantages of remarkable repellent effect on bemisia tabaci adults, simplicity in use, lower cost, greenness, high efficiency, no drug resistance and the like, can be independently used as the bemisia tabaci repellent, can also be matched with an isolation belt for use, is used for comprehensively preventing and treating virus diseases spread by bemisia tabaci, and can remarkably improve the prevention and treatment effect.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of agricultural pest control, and in particular to a whitefly repellent and a use method thereof. Background Art

[0002] Bemisia tabaci is a herbivorous insect with piercing-sucking mouthparts. It is tiny and has a wide range of hosts. In addition to harming tomatoes, cucumbers, zucchini, eggplants, beans, cruciferous vegetables, fruit trees, flowers, cotton and other crops, it can also parasitize a variety of weeds. Bemisia tabaci can induce plant physiological abnormalities by directly feeding on them, and can also cause sooty mold disease by secreting honeydew, resulting in a decline in product quality. However, the most direct and fatal harm to production is that it can spread a variety of plant viral diseases, causing serious economic losses to greenhouse crops such as tomatoes and peppers.

[0003] Taking tomato virus disease as an example, the tomato yellow leaf curl virus (TYLCV) and tomato chlorosis virus (ToCV) transmitted by whiteflies infect seedling tomatoes, causing serious dwarfing, leaf shrinkage, leaf curling, yellowing, and even total failure, which seriously affects tomato yield and quality. At present, the main method to control viral diseases transmitted by whiteflies is to control the number of whiteflies in greenhouses and reduce the base number of virus transmission, especially to reduce the number of whiteflies in greenhouses at the beginning of tomato transplanting, that is, the tomato seedling stage. At present, chemical agents are generally used to control whiteflies in production, but because the insect feeds on the back of the leaves of the host plant, it is highly concealed, and it has a fast development rate and high reproduction rate, and it is very easy to develop drug resistance. At present, several multi-drug resistant whitefly populations have appeared in the field, greatly increasing the difficulty of prevention and control. However, the extensive use of chemical pesticides can cause the mass death of natural enemy insects, excessive pesticide residues in fruits, environmental pollution and accelerated development of pesticide resistance. Therefore, green prevention and control technology for tomato virus diseases that is residue-free, environmentally friendly, and beneficial to improving the quality and efficiency of fruits and vegetables has become a hot topic of current attention and research.

[0004] Since tomato seedlings are infected with viruses, the yield and fruit quality will be seriously affected. Therefore, for greenhouse tomatoes, how to prevent whiteflies from migrating into the greenhouse to transmit viruses to tomato seedlings after tomatoes are planted is crucial to controlling tomato virus diseases. Repellents are a common type of insect behavior regulating substance. The "push" control strategy can make insects repel or cover up the host's scent to drive away pests. Therefore, using repellents to "drive away" whiteflies and keep them away from the greenhouse to reduce the number of insects in the greenhouse can greatly reduce the virus infection rate in the seedling stage of tomatoes after planting, and significantly alleviate the harm caused by viral diseases to production. At the same time, repellents have many advantages such as being friendly to the environment, natural enemies, and no pesticide residues, which are beneficial to improving the quality and efficiency of fruits and vegetables. Summary of the invention

[0005] The present invention provides a whitefly repellent and a use method. The whitefly repellent is used on tomatoes in greenhouses or cold sheds in summer and autumn when whiteflies break out, and has a significant repellent effect on whiteflies. The method can reduce the use of chemical pesticides in the entire growth period of tomatoes, significantly reduce the severity of tomato virus diseases, reduce pesticide residues, and can be used as a green prevention and control measure for tomato virus diseases for comprehensive prevention and control.

[0006] To achieve the above object, the present invention provides a whitefly repellent and a method of use, wherein the repellent is composed of the following components in respective weight percentages:

[0007] Perillaldehyde 35-65%

[0008] α-Pinene 5-35%

[0009] Ethanol 15%

[0010] Petroleum ether 15%

[0011] And the sum of the weight percentages of the four components is 100%.

[0012] Preferably, the whitefly repellent is composed of the following components in respective weight percentages:

[0013] Perillaldehyde 45-65%

[0014] α-Pinene 5-25%

[0015] Ethanol 15%

[0016] Petroleum ether 15%

[0017] And the sum of the weight percentages of the four components is 100%.

[0018] Preferably, the whitefly repellent is composed of the following components in respective weight percentages:

[0019] Perillaldehyde 55-65%

[0020] α-pinene 5-15%

[0021] Ethanol 15%

[0022] Petroleum ether 15%

[0023] And the sum of the weight percentages of the four components is 100%.

[0024] Most preferably, the whitefly repellent is composed of the following components in respective weight percentages:

[0025] Perillaldehyde 65%

[0026] α-Pinene 5%

[0027] Ethanol 15%

[0028] Petroleum ether 15%

[0029] And the sum of the weight percentages of the four components is 100%.

[0030] Furthermore, the present invention provides a method for using the whitefly repellent for comprehensive prevention and control of tomato virus diseases transmitted by whiteflies.

[0031] The steps are as follows: after weighing the above-mentioned repellents according to their respective weight percentages, the repellents are placed in a polyethylene bottle slow-release carrier, the bottle mouth is heated and sealed, and the slow-release bottle containing the repellent is fixed at the air vent of the greenhouse 3 days before tomato planting, a repellent slow-release bottle is hung every 2 meters, and the repellent is replaced every 15 days until the tomatoes are topped.

[0032] The present invention adopts the above-mentioned whitefly repellent and the use method, and the dosage is extremely small, and it has an obvious repellent effect on whiteflies. It can effectively reduce the number of whiteflies in the greenhouse after tomato planting and reduce the severity of tomato viral diseases. It has little pollution, is green and safe, and can be used for the comprehensive prevention and treatment of viral diseases transmitted by whiteflies. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0033] Figure 1 The Y-type olfactometer is used to measure the effect of repellents on the feeding tendency of whiteflies.

[0034] *Note: The data in the figure are the number of whiteflies feeding DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0035] The specific implementation modes of the present invention are described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.

[0036] 1. Determination of the olfactory response of whiteflies to repellents using a Y-type olfactometer

[0037] Under the experimental condition of 28℃, the olfactometer gas flow rate was set to 50mL / s, and an incandescent lamp was placed directly above the olfactometer to make the light on both arms of the olfactometer uniform. Perillaldehyde and α-pinene were prepared in the ratio of 1:1, 9:5, 11:3, and 13:1 to 3000mg / m 3 . Place two tomato leaves with a diameter of 1 cm in the odor source bottles on both sides, drip 1 ml of the prepared repellent on one leaf, and drip clean water on the other side as a control. Place the adult whiteflies at the bottom of the Y-shaped tube and observe the feeding behavior of the whiteflies. When the test insect crosses the 1 / 3 position of a certain arm and stays for more than 30 seconds, it is determined to have chosen the arm. If there is no choice within 3 minutes or stays in the 1 / 3 of the tube wall for less than 30 seconds, it is considered as no reaction. 20 whiteflies were measured each time, and the test was repeated 3 times.

[0038] Depend on Figure 1 The results show that perillaldehyde and α-pinene, as repellents, have a significant repellent effect on the feeding behavior of whiteflies, and the number of whiteflies dropped is significantly lower than that of the blank control. Among the repellents of the same concentration, when the ratio of perillaldehyde to α-pinene is 13:1, the repellent effect is the best, and the number of dropped insects is less.

[0039] 2. In order to better reflect the control effect of repellents on viral diseases transmitted by whiteflies, this experiment selected autumn delayed cold greenhouse tomatoes with whiteflies outbreaks for field trials. The trial period was from July 10, 2023 to October 10, 2023, at Jiaonigou Village, Heicheng Town, Lincheng County, Xingtai City, Hebei Province and Daying Village, Boye County, Baoding City. The field management of the experimental greenhouses was the same, and the planted varieties were the main local varieties with moderate resistance to tomato yellow leaf curl virus.

[0040] In this experiment, 3 days before tomato transplanting, the components of the repellent were mixed with ethanol and petroleum ether in different ratios, added together into polyethylene plastic bottles to make repellent slow-release bottles, and placed at the vents of the greenhouse or cold shed, with a repellent slow-release bottle placed every 2m, and the polyethylene plastic bottle with clean water was used as a blank control. The number of whiteflies falling in the greenhouse was investigated 7 days, 14 days, and 21 days after tomato planting.

[0041] Survey method for whitefly: zigzag sampling was used in the experimental plot, and the number of whiteflies falling on tomato plants was investigated and recorded at 5 points. After topping the tomatoes, the disease index of tomato virus disease in the greenhouse was investigated according to the grading standards of 0, 1, 3, 5, 7, and 9, and the prevention effect on tomato virus disease was calculated.

[0042] Table 1 The number of whiteflies falling under the treatment of repellent (Lincheng, Xingtai City)

[0043] deal with 7d Prevention effect (%) 14d Prevention effect (%) 21d Prevention effect (%) Process 1 2.78ab 33.39 3.33a 9.17 3.45a 6.15 Process 2 2.05b 50.90 2.38a 35.12 2.96a 9.03 Process 3 0.96bc 76.94 1.13b 69.35 1.70b 47.58 Process 4 0.75c 82.01 1.00b 72.75 1.11b 65.81 blank 4.17a \ 3.67a \ 3.25a \

[0044] Note: Different letters after the data in the same column indicate significant differences at the 0.05 level (Duncan's multiple comparisons), and the same letter indicates no significant difference in the quantity.

[0045] Table 2: Control effect of greenhouse tomato virus diseases in Lincheng County, Xingtai

[0046]

[0047] Note: Different letters after the data in the same column indicate significant differences at the 0.05 level (Duncan's multiple comparisons), and the same letter indicates no significant difference in the quantity.

[0048] Table 3: Number of whiteflies falling under the treatment of repellent (Daying Village, Boye County, Baoding City)

[0049] deal with 7d Prevention effect (%) 14d Prevention effect (%) 21d Prevention effect (%) Process 1 9.65d 47.27 15.4c 17.87 19.9de 4.78 Process 2 7.8c 57.38 13.55bc 27.73 18.05cd 13.64 Process 3 5.65b 69.13 12.1bc 35.47 15.45b 26.08 Process 4 3.95a 78.42 8.7a 53.60 12.4a 40.67 blank 18.3e \ 18.15d \ 20.90 \

[0050] Note: Different letters after the data in the same column indicate significant differences at the 0.05 level (Duncan's multiple comparisons), and the same letter indicates no significant difference in the quantity.

[0051] Table 4: Control effect of greenhouse tomato virus diseases in Boye County, Baoding

[0052]

[0053] The survey results show that when perillaldehyde and α-pinene are used as repellents and the ratio of the two is 13:1, the repellent effect on whiteflies is the best. After 7 days, the repellent effect on whiteflies can be as high as 78.42%~82.01%; after 14 days, the repellent effect can still reach 53.60%~72.75%; after 21 days, the repellent effect drops to 40.67%~65.81%, and the prevention effect on tomato yellow leaf curl virus can reach 71.02%~79.63%.

[0054] When perillaldehyde and α-pinene are used as repellents in a ratio of 11:3, they have a good repellent effect on whiteflies. After 7 days, the repellent effect on whiteflies can be as high as 69.13% to 76.94%; after 14 days, the repellent effect can still reach 35.47% to 69.35%; after 21 days, the repellent effect drops to 26.08% to 47.58%, and the prevention effect on tomato yellow leaf curl virus can reach 64.65% to 62.50%.

[0055] It can be seen from the above test results that the repellent composed of perillaldehyde and α-pinene can effectively prevent whiteflies from migrating to greenhouses, significantly reduce the base number of whiteflies in greenhouses, reduce the incidence of viral diseases in tomato seedlings, reduce the economic losses caused by viral diseases, and significantly improve the prevention and control effect of viral diseases transmitted by whiteflies. This repellent is simple to prepare, uses a small amount, is easy to use, does not directly contact crops, "drives" whiteflies away from greenhouses through odor, is safe for humans, animals, and natural enemies, can effectively reduce the use of pesticides, and does not contact fruits. It is an environmentally friendly and efficient prevention and control measure. At the same time, the repellent has stable chemical properties and a lasting effect of up to 15 days. It can be used as a green control technology for the comprehensive prevention and control of viral diseases transmitted by whiteflies.

[0056] Therefore, the present invention adopts the above-mentioned whitefly repellent and use method to prevent and treat viral diseases transmitted by whiteflies, has obvious repellent effect, uses very little, is environmentally friendly and pollution-free, and helps to improve the quality and efficiency of fruits.

[0057] Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solution of the present invention rather than to limit it. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the preferred embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that they can still modify or replace the technical solution of the present invention with equivalents, and these modifications or equivalent replacements cannot cause the modified technical solution to deviate from the spirit and scope of the technical solution of the present invention.

Claims

1. A whitefly repellent, characterized in that: The main components of the repellent are perillaldehyde, ethanol, α-pinene and petroleum ether.

2. The repellent according to claim 1, characterized in that: The repellent is composed of the following components according to their respective weight percentages: 35-65% of perillaldehyde, 5-35% of alpha-pinene, 15% of ethanol and 15% of petroleum ether.

3. The repellent according to claim 1, characterized in that: The repellent is composed of the following components according to their respective weight percentages: 45-65% of perillaldehyde, 5-25% of alpha-pinene, 15% of ethanol and 15% of petroleum ether.

4. The repellent according to claim 1, characterized in that: The repellent is composed of the following components according to their respective weight percentages: 55-65% of perillaldehyde, 5-15% of alpha-pinene, 15% of ethanol and 15% of petroleum ether.

5. The repellent according to claim 1 is mainly a volatile organic solvent, such as ethanol, petroleum ether, etc.

Images