Carbon dioxide capturing system of shipborne fire extinguishing system

By designing a ship-borne carbon dioxide capture system, the carbon dioxide in the ship's exhaust gas is captured, purified and liquefied, and the pressure supplement of the fire extinguishing system is pressurized into the fire extinguishing system, which solves the problem of cylinder leakage and replenishment difficulties, and achieves the effective utilization of carbon dioxide and the improvement of ship's safety.

CN119701576APending Publication Date: 2025-03-28SHANGHAI MERCHANT SHIP DESIGN & RES INST
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Patent Information

Application Number
CN202411518571.4
Authority / Receiving Office
CN · China
Patent Type
Applications(China)
Current Assignee / Owner
Filing Date
2024-10-29
Publication Date
2025-03-28

AI Technical Summary

Technical Problem

The carbon dioxide fire extinguishing system of existing ships has cylinder leakage problems, and carbon dioxide cannot be replenished in time during navigation, resulting in difficulty in fire control.

Method used

A ship-borne carbon dioxide capture system is designed to capture, purify and liquefy the carbon dioxide in the ship's exhaust gas through the carbon dioxide collection pipeline, absorption tower, separation tower, purification-liquefaction system and pressurized heat exchange system, and the liquid carbon dioxide is pressurized into the fire extinguishing system through the pressurized heat exchange system.

Benefits of technology

The effective utilization of captured carbon dioxide is achieved, which reduces environmental pollution, reduces operating costs, and ensures that the carbon dioxide fire extinguishing system can be replenished in a timely manner during navigation, improving the safety of the ship.

✦ Generated by Eureka AI based on patent content.

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Abstract

The invention provides a carbon dioxide capture system of a shipborne fire extinguishing system. The carbon dioxide capture system is used for supplementing carbon dioxide and supplementing the carbon dioxide to the shipborne carbon dioxide fire extinguishing system. The carbon dioxide capture system comprises a carbon dioxide collection pipeline, a carbon dioxide absorption tower, a carbon dioxide separation tower, a carbon dioxide purification-liquefaction system, a liquid carbon dioxide storage container and a pressurization heat exchange system. The device can capture carbon dioxide of waste gas exhausted by main and auxiliary machines and supplement the carbon dioxide to a shipborne fire extinguishing system, so that the environmental protection performance of a ship is improved, and the safety performance and economic benefits of the ship are enhanced.
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Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to ship fire fighting, and in particular to a carbon dioxide capture system for a shipboard fire extinguishing system. Background Art

[0002] At present, the industry has installed carbon capture systems on ships to capture carbon dioxide from the exhaust gas of the main engine and auxiliary engines and store it on board. Under the general trend of green environmental protection, it has been initially applied. The captured carbon dioxide can only be stored in C-type storage tanks arranged on board through compression and liquefaction units, but has not been effectively utilized.

[0003] At present, the carbon dioxide fire extinguishing system on the ship has the problem of cylinder leakage. It cannot be effectively replenished during the normal navigation of the ship, and the cylinder can only be replaced after the ship docks.

[0004] Carbon dioxide capture system

[0005] The carbon dioxide capture system separates, purifies, and seals the exhaust gas generated by the ship's main engine, auxiliary engine, boiler and other combustion devices, thereby reducing the amount of carbon dioxide emitted into the atmosphere and achieving green emission reduction.

[0006] The technical routes for carbon capture mainly include chemical absorption, physical absorption, membrane separation, adsorption, and cryogenic distillation. Taking into account factors such as capture efficiency, technical maturity, cost and energy consumption, and equipment compactness, chemical absorption is currently recognized as the mainstream technical route in the field of marine carbon capture.

[0007] Key components include: absorption tower, separation tower, compression system, liquefaction system, storage tank; auxiliary components: pump, control system, heat exchanger.

[0008] Marine CO2 Fire Extinguishing System

[0009] At room temperature, carbon dioxide is a colorless gas with a density 1.5 times that of air, so it can sink and cover the surface of the burning object, isolating the flame from the air. Since the air isolation time is short, carbon dioxide can only extinguish the flame on the surface. Carbon dioxide must be used with water to completely extinguish the fire. At the same time, carbon dioxide also has a certain cooling effect, which is particularly suitable for fires caused by flammable liquids.

[0010] Carbon dioxide fire extinguishing systems are widely used in engine rooms, boiler rooms, auxiliary engine rooms, cargo holds, cargo pump rooms, etc. of various types of ships. In a fire cabin, if carbon dioxide gas accounting for 28.5% of the cabin volume is sprayed in, the oxygen content in the cabin can be immediately reduced to below 15%, thereby effectively controlling the fire.

[0011] The carbon dioxide used for fire extinguishing on board is stored in high-pressure cylinders. After a fire occurs, the release valve is opened to start the cylinder and release the carbon dioxide into the fire area.

[0012] Current relationship between carbon capture systems and CO2 fire extinguishing systems on board ships

[0013] At present, for ships using CO2 capture systems, the CO2 capture system and CO2 fire extinguishing system are independent of each other. The captured CO2 is only considered for liquefied storage, and no supplementary application for the CO2 fire extinguishing system on board is considered. Summary of the invention

[0014] This patent will invent a system for capturing carbon dioxide on board ships for replenishing the carbon dioxide fire extinguishing system, so as to achieve effective utilization of the captured carbon dioxide and effectively solve the cylinder leakage problem of the ship's carbon dioxide fire extinguishing system. The specific plan is as follows:

[0015] A carbon dioxide capture system for a shipboard fire extinguishing system, the carbon dioxide capture system is used to replenish carbon dioxide and replenish it to the shipboard carbon dioxide fire extinguishing system, the carbon dioxide capture system comprises:

[0016] A carbon dioxide collection pipeline is connected to the main engine exhaust pipeline and the auxiliary engine exhaust pipeline of the ship. The carbon dioxide collection pipeline is used to collect exhaust gas discharged from the main engine exhaust pipeline and the auxiliary engine exhaust pipeline. The collection ports of the carbon dioxide collection pipeline located in the main engine exhaust pipeline and the auxiliary engine exhaust pipeline are provided with automatic smoke and dust scraping devices;

[0017] A carbon dioxide absorption tower, the carbon dioxide absorption tower is connected to the carbon dioxide collection pipeline, and the carbon dioxide absorption tower is used to absorb carbon dioxide in the exhaust gas collected by the carbon dioxide collection pipeline to form a first product;

[0018] A carbon dioxide separation tower, the carbon dioxide separation tower is connected to the carbon dioxide absorption tower, and the carbon dioxide separation tower is used to process the first product and separate the carbon dioxide in the first product to form a second product;

[0019] A carbon dioxide purification-liquefaction system, the carbon dioxide purification-liquefaction system is connected to the carbon dioxide separation tower, and the carbon dioxide purification-liquefaction system is used to purify and liquefy the second product in sequence and finally form liquefied carbon dioxide;

[0020] Liquid carbon dioxide storage container, the liquid carbon dioxide storage container is connected to the carbon dioxide purification-liquefaction system, the liquid carbon dioxide storage container is used to temporarily store liquid carbon dioxide, the internal pressure of the liquid carbon dioxide storage container is 7-8 bar, and the temperature is -60°C;

[0021] The pressurized heat exchange system and the pressurized heating system are connected to the liquid carbon dioxide storage container. The liquid carbon dioxide transported by the liquid carbon dioxide storage container is pressurized to 150-240 bar in turn through the pressurized heat exchange system and heated by heat exchange before replenishing the gaseous carbon dioxide to the shipboard carbon dioxide fire extinguishing system. The pressurized heat exchange system is connected to the shipboard carbon dioxide fire extinguishing system through a one-way valve.

[0022] Furthermore, the automatic smoke and dust scraping device includes a scraper and a driving mechanism, and the driving mechanism is used to drive the scraper to move back and forth in the collection port to scrape off the smoke and dust particles attached to the surface of the collection port.

[0023] Furthermore, the shipboard carbon dioxide fire extinguishing system includes a dynamic replenishment controller and a number of storage cylinders. Each storage cylinder is equipped with a pressure gauge and a solenoid valve connected to the dynamic replenishment controller. The dynamic replenishment controller controls the opening and closing of the solenoid valve to replenish carbon dioxide according to the pressure in each storage cylinder.

[0024] Furthermore, the pressurized heat exchange system includes a booster pump and a heat exchange chamber, the heat exchange chamber is provided with a carbon dioxide delivery pipeline and a circulating seawater pipeline, the seawater pipeline is connected to seawater through a water pump, and the seawater circulating in the circulating seawater pipeline exchanges heat with the carbon dioxide delivered in the carbon dioxide delivery pipeline;

[0025] A plurality of temperature sensors are arranged in the carbon dioxide delivery pipeline, and a control valve is arranged at the output end of the carbon dioxide delivery pipeline.

[0026] Furthermore, the carbon dioxide absorption tower is also provided with a carbon removal flue gas emission pipeline.

[0027] The advantages of the present invention are:

[0028] 1. It achieves effective utilization of captured carbon dioxide, reduces environmental impact, and reduces ship operating costs;

[0029] 2. The dynamic replenishment controller and pressurized heat exchange system ensure that the cylinders of the carbon dioxide fire extinguishing system can be replenished in time during navigation, thus improving the safety of the ship;

[0030] 3. Chemical absorption is used as the main technical route to ensure high efficiency and maturity of carbon capture, while reducing energy consumption and equipment volume;

[0031] 4. Through the pressurized heat exchange system, it is ensured that the liquid carbon dioxide reaches the appropriate pressure and temperature before being added to the fire extinguishing system, ensuring the fire extinguishing effect.

[0032] 5. The carbon dioxide fire extinguishing system is equipped with an extra number of empty cylinders, which are replenished during the voyage and replaced with empty cylinders after arriving at the port, generating economic benefits.

[0033] In summary, the present invention provides an innovative solution combining shipboard carbon dioxide capture and fire extinguishing system, which not only improves the environmental performance of the ship, but also enhances the safety performance and economic benefits of the ship. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0034] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention, the drawings required for use in the embodiments or the description of the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without paying creative labor.

[0035] Figure 1 The schematic diagram of a carbon dioxide capture system for a shipboard fire extinguishing system of the present invention is shown in FIG. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0036] In the following description, a large number of specific details are provided to provide a more thorough understanding of the present invention. However, it is apparent to those skilled in the art that the present invention can be implemented without one or more of these details. In other examples, in order to avoid confusion with the present invention, some technical features well known in the art are not described.

[0037] In order to fully understand the present invention, detailed steps and detailed structures will be proposed in the following description to illustrate the technical solution of the present invention. The preferred embodiments of the present invention are described in detail below, but in addition to these detailed descriptions, the present invention may also have other implementations.

[0038] Reference Figure 1 As shown, the present invention provides a carbon dioxide capture system for a shipboard fire extinguishing system, and the carbon dioxide capture system 100 is used to supplement carbon dioxide and supplement it to the shipboard carbon dioxide fire extinguishing system 200. The carbon dioxide capture system 100 includes a carbon dioxide collection pipeline 110, a carbon dioxide absorption tower 120, a carbon dioxide separation tower 130, a carbon dioxide purification-liquefaction system 140, a liquid carbon dioxide storage container 150, and a pressurized heat exchange system 160. The functions of these modules are described in detail below.

[0039] The carbon dioxide collection pipeline 110 is connected to the main engine exhaust pipeline 111 and the auxiliary engine exhaust pipeline 112 of the ship. The carbon dioxide collection pipeline 110 is used to collect the exhaust gas discharged from the main engine exhaust pipeline 111 and the auxiliary engine exhaust pipeline 112. The carbon dioxide collection pipeline 110 is located in the main engine exhaust pipeline 111 and the auxiliary engine exhaust pipeline 112. The collection ports are provided with automatic smoke and dust scraping devices. The particles in the exhaust gas discharged from the main engine exhaust pipeline 111 and the auxiliary engine exhaust pipeline 112 will adhere to the surface of the collection port. The automatic smoke and dust scraping device can be started regularly to remove these particles by mechanical scraping or high-pressure gas purging. In this way, the collection port can be kept unobstructed and the carbon dioxide in the exhaust gas can be effectively collected. The collected exhaust gas is then guided into the carbon dioxide absorption tower 120.

[0040] The carbon dioxide absorption tower 120 is connected to the carbon dioxide collection pipeline 110, and is used to absorb the carbon dioxide in the exhaust gas collected by the carbon dioxide collection pipeline 110 to form a first product. The carbon dioxide absorption tower 120 is intended to absorb carbon dioxide in the carbon-containing flue gas from the exhaust port, and discharge the treated flue gas and waste liquid at the same time.

[0041] The carbon dioxide separation tower 130 is used to process the first product and separate the carbon dioxide in the first product to form the second product. The carbon dioxide separation tower 130 is provided with multiple separation layers, each of which is equipped with a special separation device. These devices can be chemical absorbents, physical adsorbents or membrane separation technologies, and the appropriate separation method is selected according to different waste gas components and required purity. During the separation process, the first product is first introduced into the top layer of the separation tower. Through contact with the separation device, carbon dioxide is selectively adsorbed or permeated, while other gases are discharged. In order to ensure the efficient operation of the entire system, the carbon dioxide separation tower 130 is also equipped with an automatic monitoring and adjustment system. The system can monitor key parameters such as temperature, pressure and flow in the separation tower in real time, and automatically adjust the operating conditions as needed to optimize the separation efficiency and ensure the stable operation of the system. In addition, the system is also equipped with safety devices such as pressure relief valves and emergency shutdown mechanisms to deal with any abnormal situations that may occur and ensure the safety of operators and equipment.

[0042] The carbon dioxide separated by the carbon dioxide separation tower 130 is then transported to the carbon dioxide purification-liquefaction system 140 to further improve its purity and liquefy it. The purification system may include steps such as condensation, compression and distillation to ensure that the purity of the carbon dioxide meets industrial or environmental standards. In order to facilitate storage, the purified carbon dioxide is further liquefied. In the liquefaction treatment system, the carbon dioxide gas is first cooled to a liquid state through a condensation step. This process is usually carried out under high pressure to improve the condensation efficiency. Subsequently, the liquid carbon dioxide is introduced into a compressor for further compression to reach a higher pressure, thereby reducing its volume for easy storage and transportation.

[0043] In order to ensure the efficiency and stability of the entire purification-liquefaction process, the carbon dioxide purification-liquefaction system 140 is also equipped with an automatic monitoring and adjustment system. The system can monitor key parameters such as temperature, pressure and flow rate in the purification and liquefaction process in real time, and automatically adjust the operating conditions according to real-time data. For example, in the condensation step, the system automatically adjusts the flow rate and temperature of the coolant according to the temperature and pressure changes of the carbon dioxide gas to ensure that the carbon dioxide gas can be efficiently condensed into a liquid state. In the compression step, the system monitors the operating status of the compressor and the outlet pressure of the liquid carbon dioxide, and automatically adjusts the speed and pressure setting value of the compressor to ensure the stability and efficiency of the compression process. In addition, the carbon dioxide purification-liquefaction system 140 is also equipped with multiple safety monitoring points for real-time monitoring of potential safety risks. For example, the system detects the vibration and temperature of the compressor to prevent equipment failure and overheating. When an abnormal situation is detected, the system automatically activates safety devices such as emergency shutdown mechanisms and pressure relief valves to respond quickly and prevent accidents.

[0044] The liquid carbon dioxide storage container 150 is used to temporarily store liquid carbon dioxide, and the preferred liquid carbon dioxide storage container 150 is a pressure-resistant steel cylinder. The internal pressure of the liquid carbon dioxide storage container 150 is 7 to 8 bar, and the temperature is -60°C. The liquid carbon dioxide storage container 150 ensures safety and stability during storage through a series of safety valves and pressure regulating devices. During the storage process, the system will continuously monitor the pressure and temperature in the container to prevent damage to the container caused by overpressure or overcooling. In addition, the storage container 150 is also equipped with an advanced leak detection system that can detect any potential leakage problems at the first time and notify the operator through an automatic alarm system for processing. At the same time, the liquid carbon dioxide storage container 150 is also equipped with a quick connect and disconnect interface, making the transfer and use of liquid carbon dioxide simple and quick.

[0045] In order to further improve the overall efficiency and safety of the system, the liquid carbon dioxide storage container 150 is also connected to a central control system. The system can collect and analyze data from various detection points in real time, and intelligently monitor and manage the entire liquid carbon dioxide storage and use process. Through this centralized control method, operators can easily grasp the operating status of the system and make remote adjustments or interventions when necessary to ensure the efficient and safe operation of the entire system.

[0046] The pressurized heat exchange system 160 is connected to the liquid carbon dioxide storage container 150. The liquid carbon dioxide delivered by the liquid carbon dioxide storage container 150 is pressurized to 150-240 bar and heated by heat exchange in turn through the pressurized heat exchange system 160 to supplement the carbon dioxide gas to the shipboard carbon dioxide fire extinguishing system 200. The pressurized heat exchange system 160 is connected to the shipboard carbon dioxide fire extinguishing system 200 through a one-way valve. In the pressurized heat exchange system 160, the liquid carbon dioxide is first pressurized by an efficient pump to ensure that its pressure reaches the range of 150 to 240 bar. Subsequently, the carbon dioxide enters a heat exchanger, where it is heated to an appropriate temperature to meet the needs of the shipboard carbon dioxide fire extinguishing system 200. The entire process is managed by a precise control system to ensure the stability of temperature and pressure and avoid any extreme conditions that may damage the system.

[0047] The pressurized heat exchange system 160 is also equipped with multiple temperature sensors and a control valve at the output end of the carbon dioxide delivery pipeline. The temperature of different locations of the carbon dioxide delivery pipeline is monitored in real time by the temperature sensor. Only when the internal temperature reaches a preset value will the control valve be opened to deliver gaseous carbon dioxide to the shipboard carbon dioxide fire extinguishing system 200. In addition, the pressurized heat exchange system 160 is also designed with an emergency shutdown function. Once a serious fault is detected, the supply of liquid carbon dioxide can be immediately cut off to prevent potential dangers.

[0048] The carbon dioxide output end of the pressurized heat exchange system 160 is connected to the shipboard carbon dioxide fire extinguishing system 200 through a one-way valve, ensuring the one-way flow of carbon dioxide gas and avoiding any possible backflow, thereby ensuring the reliability and effectiveness of the fire extinguishing system. The design of the one-way valve can also prevent the high-pressure gas in the fire extinguishing system from entering the pressurized heat exchange system in reverse, thereby protecting the safety of the entire system.

[0049] In summary, the pressurized heat exchange system 160 not only improves the transmission efficiency of liquid carbon dioxide, but also ensures the stable operation of the entire system through a series of safety measures, providing reliable support for the shipboard carbon dioxide fire extinguishing system 200.

[0050] In an optional embodiment, the boost heating system includes a boost pump 161 and a heat exchange chamber 162. The heat exchange chamber 162 is provided with a carbon dioxide delivery pipeline and a circulating seawater pipeline. The seawater pipeline is connected to the seawater through a water pump. The seawater circulating in the circulating seawater pipeline exchanges heat with the carbon dioxide delivered in the carbon dioxide delivery pipeline. A plurality of temperature sensors are provided in the carbon dioxide delivery pipeline, and a control valve is provided at the output end of the carbon dioxide delivery pipeline. The present invention uses local materials to exchange heat with low-temperature liquid carbon dioxide and heat it up, thereby reducing energy consumption.

[0051] The shipboard carbon dioxide fire extinguishing system 200 includes a dynamic replenishment controller and a plurality of storage cylinders 210. Each storage cylinder is provided with a pressure gauge and a solenoid valve connected to the dynamic replenishment controller. The dynamic replenishment controller controls the opening and closing of the solenoid valve to replenish carbon dioxide according to the pressure in each storage cylinder.

[0052] Under the control of the dynamic replenishment controller, the amount of carbon dioxide in each storage cylinder can be accurately managed to ensure that the fire extinguishing system is always in optimal working condition. In addition, the system also includes an emergency discharge valve to quickly release the pressure when the pressure rises abnormally to prevent the cylinder from exploding due to excessive pressure. In order to further improve the safety performance of the system, each storage cylinder is also equipped with a temperature sensor to monitor the temperature changes in the cylinder in real time. Once an abnormal temperature is detected, the system will automatically start cooling measures to avoid dangers caused by excessive temperature.

[0053] In the shipboard carbon dioxide fire extinguishing system 200, there are also multiple pressure sensors distributed in key parts of the carbon dioxide delivery pipeline to monitor the pressure status of the entire system. These pressure sensors are connected to the dynamic supplementary controller. Once the pressure abnormality is detected, the controller will immediately adjust the opening and closing state of the solenoid valve to maintain the system pressure within a safe range and control the carbon dioxide storage volume in the storage cylinder. In addition, the system is also designed with an automatic alarm device. Once the pressure or temperature abnormality is detected, an alarm will be immediately issued to remind the crew to take corresponding measures.

[0054] In order to ensure the efficient operation of the fire extinguishing system, the intelligent diagnosis system can also automatically analyze the system's operating status and predict possible problems based on changes in parameters such as pressure and temperature. Through the intelligent diagnosis system, potential faults can be discovered in advance, so that timely maintenance and repairs can be carried out to ensure the long-term stable operation of the fire extinguishing system.

[0055] Through the coordinated work of the above modules, the carbon dioxide capture system 100 can effectively extract carbon dioxide from the exhaust gas of the ship and add it to the shipboard carbon dioxide fire extinguishing system 200, thereby realizing the recycling of carbon dioxide resources, reducing environmental pollution, and improving the efficiency and sustainability of the fire extinguishing system.

[0056] The above describes the preferred embodiments of the present invention. It should be understood that the present invention is not limited to the above-mentioned specific embodiments, and the devices and structures that are not described in detail should be understood to be implemented in a common manner in the art; any technician familiar with the art can use the above-disclosed methods and technical contents to make many possible changes and modifications to the technical solutions of the present invention without departing from the scope of the technical solutions of the present invention, or modify them into equivalent embodiments of equivalent changes, which does not affect the essential content of the present invention. Therefore, any simple modifications, equivalent changes and modifications made to the above embodiments based on the technical essence of the present invention without departing from the content of the technical solutions of the present invention are still within the scope of protection of the technical solutions of the present invention.

Claims

1. A carbon dioxide capture system for a shipboard fire extinguishing system, the carbon dioxide capture system (100) being used to replenish carbon dioxide and replenish it to the shipboard carbon dioxide fire extinguishing system (200), characterized in that: The carbon dioxide capture system (100) comprises: A carbon dioxide collection pipeline (110) is connected to a main engine exhaust pipeline (111) and an auxiliary engine exhaust pipeline (112) of the ship, and the carbon dioxide collection pipeline (110) is used to collect exhaust gas discharged from the main engine exhaust pipeline (111) and the auxiliary engine exhaust pipeline (112). The collection ports of the carbon dioxide collection pipeline (110) located in the main engine exhaust pipeline (111) and the auxiliary engine exhaust pipeline (112) are provided with automatic smoke and dust scraping devices; a carbon dioxide absorption tower (120), the carbon dioxide absorption tower (120) being connected to the carbon dioxide collection pipeline (110), and the carbon dioxide absorption tower (120) being used to absorb carbon dioxide in the waste gas collected by the carbon dioxide collection pipeline (110) to form a first product; a carbon dioxide separation tower (130), the carbon dioxide separation tower (130) being connected to the carbon dioxide absorption tower (120), the carbon dioxide separation tower (130) being used to process the first product and separate the carbon dioxide in the first product to form a second product; a carbon dioxide purification-liquefaction system (140), wherein the carbon dioxide purification-liquefaction system (140) is connected to the carbon dioxide separation tower (130), and the carbon dioxide purification-liquefaction system (140) is used to purify and liquefy the second product in sequence and finally form liquefied carbon dioxide; a liquid carbon dioxide storage container (150), the liquid carbon dioxide storage container (150) being connected to the carbon dioxide purification-liquefaction system (140), the liquid carbon dioxide storage container (150) being used to temporarily store liquid carbon dioxide, the internal pressure of the liquid carbon dioxide storage container (150) being 7 to 8 bar, and the temperature being -60°C; A pressurizing heat exchange system (160), wherein the pressurizing heat exchange system (160) is connected to the liquid carbon dioxide storage container (150), and the liquid carbon dioxide transported by the liquid carbon dioxide storage container (150) is pressurized to 150-240 bar and heated by heat exchange in the pressurizing heat exchange system (160), and then the gaseous carbon dioxide is added to the shipboard carbon dioxide fire extinguishing system (200), and the pressurizing heat exchange system (160) is connected to the shipboard carbon dioxide fire extinguishing system (200) via a one-way valve.

2. A shipboard fire extinguishing system carbon dioxide capture system as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: The automatic smoke and dust scraping device comprises a scraper and a driving mechanism, wherein the driving mechanism is used to drive the scraper to move back and forth at the collection port to scrape off the smoke and dust particles attached to the surface of the collection port.

3. A carbon dioxide capture system for a shipboard fire extinguishing system as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: The shipboard carbon dioxide fire extinguishing system (200) comprises a dynamic replenishment controller and a plurality of storage cylinders (210), each of the storage cylinders (210) being provided with a pressure gauge and a solenoid valve connected to the dynamic replenishment controller, and the dynamic replenishment controller controlling the opening and closing of the solenoid valve to replenish carbon dioxide according to the pressure in each of the storage cylinders (210).

4. A carbon dioxide capture system for a shipboard fire extinguishing system as claimed in claim 3, characterized in that: The pressurized heat exchange system (160) comprises a pressurizing pump (161) and a heat exchange chamber (162), wherein the heat exchange chamber (162) is provided with a carbon dioxide delivery pipeline and a circulating seawater pipeline, wherein the seawater pipeline is connected to seawater via a water pump, and the seawater circulating in the circulating seawater pipeline exchanges heat with the carbon dioxide delivered in the carbon dioxide delivery pipeline; A plurality of temperature sensors are arranged in the carbon dioxide delivery pipeline, and a control valve is arranged at the output end of the carbon dioxide delivery pipeline.

5. A carbon dioxide capture system for a shipboard fire extinguishing system as claimed in claim 4, characterized in that: The carbon dioxide absorption tower (120) is also provided with a decarbonized flue gas discharge pipeline.