Concrete texture design method based on 3D printing technology

Abstract

The invention discloses a concrete texture design method based on a 3D printing technology. The method comprises the steps that a material formula of concrete and the nozzle diameter of a 3D printer are obtained; on the basis of the mixing proportion of various types of concrete, proper nozzle diameters are matched; different texture designs are obtained based on the thickness, the path width and the printing precision of each layer of concrete printed based on the matched nozzle diameter by using the concrete of each attribute; and on the basis of the printed concrete, redundant materials are removed through grinding, polishing and sand blasting treatment, and the texture effect is improved. The method has the advantage that the efficiency and the safety are improved. A developer carries out remote development or debugging, system file updating and equipment parameter adjusting according to the authority, field operation is reduced, a debugging result is fed back in real time, system performance is optimized, equipment stability is improved, and maintenance cost is reduced.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to 3D printing and texture design, and in particular to a concrete texture design method based on 3D printing technology. Background Art

[0002] The concrete texture design method based on 3D printing technology selects the appropriate nozzle diameter according to the type and proportion of concrete to ensure that the concrete can flow out smoothly and be accurately deposited. Matching the appropriate nozzle diameter can ensure that the layers are tightly bonded during printing, and affect the printing accuracy, layer thickness and path width. After printing, post-processing processes such as grinding, polishing and sandblasting can be used to remove excess materials, adjust the surface smoothness, and add texture effects through different treatment methods. Finally, by optimizing the nozzle diameter and printing process parameters, combined with post-surface treatment, a concrete surface texture design that has both structural strength and artistry and aesthetics can be obtained. This method is not only suitable for the creation of architectural structures, but can also be widely used in art installations, landscape design and other fields, providing more design freedom.

[0003] There are many different methods for concrete texture design on the market today. Common design methods include stamping through molds, such as using wood grain, stone grain or geometric pattern molds to give the concrete surface a natural and unique texture. Secondly, hand carving is also a popular way. Craftsmen use tools to hand-carve delicate patterns or designs to show personalized designs. In addition, sandblasting and pickling techniques can change the roughness and color of the concrete surface through chemical reactions or sandblasting to create an artistic effect. Colorants and dyes can also be used to color the surface to make the concrete texture more colorful. There are many different methods for modern concrete texture design, which can not only meet functional needs but also have aesthetic value. They are widely used in architecture, landscape, interior decoration and other fields. Summary of the invention

[0004] In order to improve the existing concrete texture design method, a concrete texture design method based on 3D printing technology is provided. According to the concrete formula, the appropriate 3D printing nozzle diameter is selected to ensure the layer thickness, path width and printing accuracy. Different texture designs are achieved through nozzle matching, and the texture effect is enhanced by grinding, polishing or sandblasting after printing.

[0005] In order to achieve the above purpose, the technical solution adopted by the present invention is:

[0006] The texture design method of concrete based on 3D printing technology is characterized by comprising:

[0007] Get the material formula of concrete and the nozzle diameter of the 3D printer;

[0008] Match the nozzle diameter to the appropriate size based on the mix ratio of various types of concrete;

[0009] Use concrete of various properties to obtain different texture designs based on the thickness, path width, and printing accuracy of each layer of concrete printed with the matching nozzle diameter;

[0010] After printing, the concrete is polished, sandblasted and sandblasted to remove excess material and increase the texture effect.

[0011] Preferably, the nozzle diameter matching the appropriate size based on the mixing ratio of various types of concrete specifically includes:

[0012] Obtain the main ingredients of concrete, including cement, aggregate, water, and admixtures;

[0013] Based on the fact that concrete with a higher cement ratio has stronger adhesion and lower fluidity, a nozzle with a larger nozzle diameter is selected to obtain a rough texture effect formed by accumulation;

[0014] Based on the fact that concrete with a higher proportion of aggregate has lower fluidity and adhesion, a nozzle with a larger nozzle diameter is selected to obtain a granular texture effect;

[0015] Based on the high water-binder ratio concrete, low consistency and strong fluidity, a nozzle with a smaller nozzle diameter is selected to obtain a texture effect with a smooth and streamlined surface;

[0016] Based on the introduction of air-entraining agent, tiny bubbles are introduced into the concrete to enhance the frost resistance and permeability resistance of the concrete. A nozzle with a moderate nozzle diameter is selected to obtain a texture effect with tiny holes.

[0017] Preferably, the selection of a suitable nozzle diameter based on the fluidity and adhesion of concrete specifically includes:

[0018] Based on the slump test, the fluidity of concrete is tested. The larger the slump, the stronger the fluidity;

[0019] Testing the consistency of concrete, such as viscosity or yield stress, based on a flow meter;

[0020] Based on the obtained flowability and adhesion values, the nozzle diameter is calculated as follows:

[0021]

[0022] Among them, d 喷嘴 is the nozzle diameter, K is a constant related to the fluidity of concrete, and η is the viscosity or fluidity coefficient of concrete.

[0023] Preferably, the method of using concrete of various properties to obtain different texture designs based on the thickness, path width, and printing accuracy of each layer of concrete printed out by different nozzle diameters specifically includes:

[0024] When printing the first layer and the base layer, a larger nozzle diameter and a slower printing speed are selected to obtain a substrate with stability and certain structural strength;

[0025] When printing the surface and detail layers, select a smaller nozzle diameter and a slower printing speed to obtain a surface layer with high precision and quality;

[0026] The concrete thickness is generally 50% to 75% of the nozzle diameter, and the calculation formula is: h = d 喷嘴 ×(0.5~0.75);

[0027] The concrete path width is generally 100% to 150% of the nozzle diameter if a large range of textures are to be achieved. If fine lines, geometric figures or curved surfaces are to be achieved, the printed path width should be set to 50% to 75% of the nozzle diameter. The calculation formula is: w = d 喷嘴 ×(0.5~1.5);

[0028] The concrete printing accuracy is negatively correlated with the nozzle diameter, and the smaller the nozzle diameter, the higher the printing accuracy;

[0029] Texture density is related to nozzle diameter and layer height. Based on a smaller layer height, more detailed textures are obtained, and the texture density is higher. The calculation formula is:

[0030] Preferably, the above-mentioned steps of removing excess material and increasing the texture effect by grinding, polishing and sandblasting the concrete after printing specifically include:

[0031] For larger polished areas, an electric sander is used for polishing, and for small areas, sandpaper and grinding stones are used for manual processing;

[0032] Based on the concrete that needs to be smoothed, use a polishing machine for polishing;

[0033] Based on sandblasting, excess material is removed from the concrete surface.

[0034] Compared with the prior art, the advantages of the present invention are: through precise material formula and nozzle diameter matching, it is possible to achieve fine control of different types of concrete, so that each concrete material can maintain the best fluidity, strength and surface effect during the printing process. This matching not only improves the stability of concrete printing, but also optimizes the accuracy and efficiency of the printing process. Secondly, by matching the nozzle diameter with the concrete ratio, the thickness and path width of each layer of concrete can be flexibly controlled, thereby accurately controlling the formation of each texture. Through the comprehensive use of concrete with different properties, rich and unique surface texture effects can be created to meet diverse design needs. In addition, after printing is completed, through post-processing processes such as grinding, polishing, and sandblasting, excess materials can be removed and the details of the surface texture can be further enhanced, so that the concrete works not only have excellent structural properties, but also show exquisite visual effects. In general, this method not only improves the flexibility and accuracy of the design, but also significantly improves the aesthetic effect and application value of concrete, and is widely used in architecture, art decoration and other fields. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0035] Figure 1 A flow chart of concrete texture design according to the method proposed in the present invention;

[0036] Figure 2 A schematic diagram of nozzle diameter matching of the method proposed in the present invention;

[0037] Figure 3 A schematic diagram of the nozzle diameter matching method proposed in the present invention;

[0038] Figure 4 A schematic diagram of concrete parameters of the method proposed in the present invention;

[0039] Figure 5 Schematic diagram of texture enhancement of the method proposed in the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0040] The following description is used to disclose the present invention so that those skilled in the art can implement the present invention. The preferred embodiments described below are only examples, and those skilled in the art may think of other obvious variations.

[0041] The texture design method of concrete based on 3D printing technology includes:

[0042] Step 1: Obtain the material formula of concrete and the nozzle diameter of the 3D printer;

[0043] Step 2: Match the nozzle diameter to the appropriate size based on the mix ratio of various types of concrete;

[0044] Step 3: Use concrete of various properties to obtain different texture designs based on the thickness, path width, and printing accuracy of each layer of concrete printed with the matching nozzle diameter;

[0045] Step 4: After printing, the concrete is ground, polished, and sandblasted to remove excess material and increase the texture effect.

[0046] See also Figure 2 As shown, based on the mix ratio of various types of concrete, the nozzle diameters that match the appropriate size include:

[0047] Obtain the main ingredients of concrete, including cement, aggregate, water, and admixtures;

[0048] Based on the fact that concrete with a higher cement ratio has stronger adhesion and lower fluidity, a nozzle with a larger nozzle diameter is selected to obtain a rough texture effect formed by accumulation;

[0049] Based on the fact that concrete with a higher proportion of aggregate has lower fluidity and adhesion, a nozzle with a larger nozzle diameter is selected to obtain a granular texture effect;

[0050] Based on the high water-binder ratio concrete, low consistency and strong fluidity, a nozzle with a smaller nozzle diameter is selected to obtain a texture effect with a smooth and streamlined surface;

[0051] Based on the introduction of air-entraining agent, tiny bubbles are introduced into the concrete to enhance the frost resistance and permeability resistance of the concrete. A nozzle with a moderate nozzle diameter is selected to obtain a texture effect with tiny holes.

[0052] It is understandable that fine aggregate concrete (e.g. concrete mainly composed of fine sand) may be retained inside the nozzle due to its small particles and high viscosity, resulting in poor concrete spraying. Therefore, for fine aggregate concrete, use a small diameter nozzle to avoid excessive concrete being retained at the nozzle. At the same time, appropriately reduce the amount of cement, increase the proportion of aggregate, or reduce the viscosity of the concrete by adding a fluidizer to help achieve a better spraying effect.

[0053] See also Figure 3 As shown, the appropriate nozzle diameter is selected based on the fluidity and adhesion of concrete, including:

[0054] Based on the slump test, the fluidity of concrete is tested. The larger the slump, the stronger the fluidity;

[0055] Testing the consistency of concrete, such as viscosity or yield stress, based on a flow meter;

[0056] Based on the obtained flowability and adhesion values, the nozzle diameter is calculated as follows:

[0057]

[0058] Among them, d 喷嘴 is the nozzle diameter, K is a constant related to the fluidity of concrete, and η is the viscosity or fluidity coefficient of concrete.

[0059] See also Figure 4 As shown, using concrete of various properties, the thickness of each layer of concrete printed based on different nozzle diameters, path width, and printing accuracy, different texture designs are obtained, including:

[0060] When printing the first layer and the base layer, a larger nozzle diameter and a slower printing speed are selected to obtain a substrate with stability and certain structural strength;

[0061] When printing the surface and detail layers, select a smaller nozzle diameter and a slower printing speed to obtain a surface layer with high precision and quality;

[0062] The concrete thickness is generally 50% to 75% of the nozzle diameter, and the calculation formula is: h = d 喷嘴 ×(0.5~0.75);

[0063] The concrete path width is generally 100% to 150% of the nozzle diameter if a large range of textures are to be achieved. If fine lines, geometric figures or curved surfaces are to be achieved, the printed path width should be set to 50% to 75% of the nozzle diameter. The calculation formula is: w = d 喷嘴 ×(0.5~1.5);

[0064] The concrete printing accuracy is negatively correlated with the nozzle diameter, and the smaller the nozzle diameter, the higher the printing accuracy;

[0065] Texture density is related to nozzle diameter and layer height. Based on a smaller layer height, more detailed textures are obtained, and the texture density is higher. The calculation formula is:

[0066] Specifically, considering the requirements of each level, the following specific printing parameter settings can be obtained as reference examples:

[0067]

[0068]

[0069] See also Figure 5 As shown in the figure, based on the concrete after printing, the excess material is removed through grinding, polishing and sandblasting, and the texture effect is increased, including:

[0070] For larger polished areas, an electric sander is used for polishing, and for small areas, sandpaper and grinding stones are used for manual processing;

[0071] Based on the concrete that needs to be smoothed, use a polishing machine for polishing;

[0072] Based on sandblasting, excess material is removed from the concrete surface.

[0073] In summary, the advantages of the present invention are that by precisely controlling the formula of concrete materials, nozzle diameter and printing parameters, high-precision and personalized texture effects can be achieved. First, according to the proportion of different types of concrete, an appropriate nozzle diameter is selected to ensure the fluidity and interlayer adhesion of the concrete, and optimize the printing accuracy of each layer of concrete. By adjusting the ratio of the nozzle diameter and the concrete formula, the width of the printing path and the thickness of each layer of concrete can be controlled to achieve a delicate texture effect. Secondly, after printing is completed, post-processing techniques such as grinding, polishing and sandblasting are used to remove excess materials to further improve the clarity and delicacy of the surface texture. This method not only improves the flexibility of the design, but also improves production efficiency, reduces labor costs, and has strong economy and sustainability.

[0074] The above shows and describes the basic principles, main features and advantages of the present invention. Those skilled in the art should understand that the present invention is not limited to the above embodiments. The above embodiments and descriptions only describe the principles of the present invention. The present invention may be subject to various changes and improvements without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention. These changes and improvements fall within the scope of the present invention. The scope of protection claimed by the present invention is defined by the attached claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A texture design method for concrete based on 3D printing technology, characterized in that: include: Get the material formula of concrete and the nozzle diameter of the 3D printer; Match the nozzle diameter to the appropriate size based on the mix ratio of various types of concrete; Use concrete of various properties to obtain different texture designs based on the thickness, path width, and printing accuracy of each layer of concrete printed with the matching nozzle diameter; After printing, the concrete is polished, sandblasted and sandblasted to remove excess material and increase the texture effect.

2. The method for texture design of concrete based on 3D printing technology according to claim 1, characterized in that: The nozzle diameters that match the mixing ratios of various types of concrete specifically include: Obtain the main ingredients of concrete, including cement, aggregate, water, and admixtures; Based on the fact that concrete with a higher cement ratio has stronger adhesion and lower fluidity, a nozzle with a larger nozzle diameter is selected to obtain a rough texture effect formed by accumulation; Based on the fact that concrete with a higher proportion of aggregate has lower fluidity and adhesion, a nozzle with a larger nozzle diameter is selected to obtain a granular texture effect; Based on the high water-binder ratio concrete, low consistency and strong fluidity, a nozzle with a smaller nozzle diameter is selected to obtain a texture effect with a smooth and streamlined surface; Based on the introduction of air-entraining agent, tiny bubbles are introduced into the concrete to enhance the frost resistance and permeability resistance of the concrete. A nozzle with a moderate nozzle diameter is selected to obtain a texture effect with tiny holes.

3. The method for texture design of concrete based on 3D printing technology according to claim 2, characterized in that: The selection of a suitable nozzle diameter based on the fluidity and adhesion of concrete specifically includes: Based on the slump test, the fluidity of concrete is tested. The larger the slump, the stronger the fluidity; Testing the consistency of concrete, such as viscosity or yield stress, based on a flow meter; Based on the obtained flowability and adhesion values, the nozzle diameter is calculated as follows: Among them, d 喷嘴 is the nozzle diameter, K is a constant related to the fluidity of concrete, and η is the viscosity or fluidity coefficient of concrete.

4. The method for texture design of concrete based on 3D printing technology according to claim 1, characterized in that: The method of using concrete of various properties to obtain different texture designs based on the thickness, path width, and printing accuracy of each layer of concrete printed out by different nozzle diameters specifically includes: When printing the first layer and the base layer, a larger nozzle diameter and a slower printing speed are selected to obtain a substrate with stability and certain structural strength; When printing the surface and detail layers, select a smaller nozzle diameter and a slower printing speed to obtain a surface layer with high precision and quality; The concrete thickness is generally 50% to 75% of the nozzle diameter, and the calculation formula is: h = d 喷嘴 ×(0.5~0.75); The concrete path width is generally 100% to 150% of the nozzle diameter if a large range of texture paving is required. If fine lines, geometric figures or curved surfaces are required, the printed path width should be set to 50% to 75% of the nozzle diameter. The calculation formula is: w = d nozzle × (0.5 to 1.5); The concrete printing accuracy is negatively correlated with the nozzle diameter, and the smaller the nozzle diameter, the higher the printing accuracy; Texture density is related to nozzle diameter and layer height. Based on a smaller layer height, more detailed textures are obtained, and the texture density is higher. The calculation formula is:

5. The method for texture design of concrete based on 3D printing technology according to claim 1, characterized in that: The concrete after printing is polished, polished and sandblasted to remove excess materials and increase the texture effect, which specifically includes: For larger polished areas, an electric sander is used for polishing, and for small areas, sandpaper and grinding stones are used for manual processing; Based on the concrete that needs to be smoothed, use a polishing machine for polishing; Based on sandblasting, excess material is removed from the concrete surface.

Images