A multi-mode emergency ventilation system and ventilation method for hazardous areas of ships and offshore platforms

Abstract

This invention discloses a multi-mode emergency ventilation system for hazardous areas of ships and offshore platforms. It includes a power system, a fan ventilation module, and an intelligent control unit with a pre-set emergency control system. It also includes a compressed air drive module, a mechanical spring energy storage drive module, a natural wind power utilization module, and a thermal pressure difference ventilation module, all of which require no power supply and are electrically connected to the intelligent control unit. The intelligent control unit monitors the operation of the power system and the fan ventilation module, as well as the temperature, gas, and air pressure conditions within the hazardous area. In the event of a failure in the power system or the fan ventilation module, the intelligent control unit switches to the emergency control system and controls the opening and closing of the four power-free control modules to perform physical ventilation without power. This invention combines compressed air drive, mechanical spring energy storage drive, natural wind power utilization, and thermal pressure difference effect, automatically switching to the appropriate mode in emergency situations through multiple power-free ventilation methods to continuously maintain air circulation within the cabin.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to a multi-mode emergency ventilation system and ventilation method for hazardous areas of ships and offshore platforms, belonging to the technical field of ventilation systems for ships and offshore platforms. Background Technology

[0002] With the rapid development of the shipbuilding industry, the types and functions of ships have become increasingly diverse. Some ships and offshore platforms transport, store, or generate flammable, explosive, and toxic chemicals, such as mud, bulk materials, hydrogen (H2), liquefied natural gas (LNG), liquefied petroleum gas (LPG), and other chemicals, creating hazardous areas on ships and offshore platforms. Substances in these hazardous areas can easily cause fires, explosions, or toxic gas poisoning incidents if leaked or if ventilation is inadequate. Therefore, the proper functioning of ventilation systems is crucial for the safety of these areas.

[0003] Existing ventilation systems typically rely on electrically driven fans, which can effectively maintain airflow under normal conditions. However, in the event of a power outage or ventilation equipment failure, traditional systems struggle to provide continuous and reliable ventilation in emergencies. Existing emergency ventilation equipment primarily relies on backup power or battery-powered fans, but this presents the following problems:

[0004] (1) Limited battery life: The battery or backup power supply has a limited continuous power supply time and it is difficult to maintain ventilation for a long time, especially in the event of a long power outage.

[0005] (2) Single emergency mode: Existing emergency systems usually only have a single backup power supply, which cannot flexibly meet the ventilation needs under different environments or emergency conditions.

[0006] Therefore, existing technologies require a multi-mode emergency ventilation system that can utilize various non-electrically driven physical mechanisms to maintain continuous airflow in various emergency situations, ensuring the safety of hazardous areas. Summary of the Invention

[0007] The technical problem to be solved by this invention is that existing ventilation systems for dangerous areas on ships and in marine engineering rely on electric power, but have limited battery life and a single emergency mode, and cannot cope with the ventilation needs under prolonged power outages and different environmental or emergency conditions.

[0008] To address the aforementioned technical problems, this invention provides a multi-mode emergency ventilation system and ventilation method for hazardous areas of ships and offshore platforms. It employs multiple physical drive methods to provide emergency ventilation without electricity, ensuring continuous airflow in emergency situations. This prevents the accumulation of toxic gases and the occurrence of accidents such as explosions and fires, ensuring the safety of crew members and equipment, and providing sufficient time for personnel evacuation.

[0009] To achieve the above-mentioned technical objectives and effects, the present invention is implemented through the following technical solution:

[0010] In a first aspect, the present invention provides a multi-mode emergency ventilation system for hazardous areas of ships and offshore platforms, comprising a power system, a fan ventilation module, and an intelligent control unit. The power system supplies power to the fan ventilation module. The intelligent control unit is pre-configured with a conventional fan control system and an emergency control system. The system is characterized by further comprising a compressed air drive module, a mechanical spring energy storage drive module, a natural wind utilization module, and a thermal pressure difference ventilation module. None of the four modules require power from the power system. The intelligent control unit is electrically connected to the power system, the fan ventilation module, the compressed air drive module, the mechanical spring energy storage drive module, the natural wind utilization module, and the thermal pressure difference ventilation module. The intelligent control unit monitors the operation of the power system and the fan ventilation module, as well as the temperature, gas, and air pressure conditions within the hazardous area of ​​the ship and offshore platform. When the power system or the fan ventilation module malfunctions, the intelligent control unit switches to the emergency control system and controls the opening and closing of the compressed air drive module, the mechanical spring energy storage drive module, the natural wind utilization module, and the thermal pressure difference ventilation module to perform physical ventilation without power.

[0011] Preferably, the intelligent control unit is electrically connected to a gas sensor, a temperature sensor, and a pressure sensor. The gas sensor and temperature sensor are installed inside the hazardous area compartment of the ship and offshore platform to monitor the gas concentration and temperature inside the compartment, and the pressure sensor is installed outside the hazardous area compartment of the ship and offshore platform to monitor the wind force outside the compartment.

[0012] Furthermore, the compressed air drive module includes an air compressor, a check valve, an air cylinder, a shut-off valve, a pneumatic air outlet component, and an air damper. The air outlet of the air compressor is connected to the air inlet of the air cylinder through the check valve, and the air outlet of the air cylinder is connected to the air inlet of the pneumatic air outlet component through the shut-off valve. The dangerous area compartment of the ship and offshore platform is provided with at least one ventilation duct that is connected to the exhaust port of the pneumatic air outlet component and the safe area outside the compartment. The air damper is installed in the ventilation duct. The shut-off valve and the air damper are electrically connected to the intelligent control unit.

[0013] Furthermore, the air cylinder is connected to a safety valve for releasing gas when the pressure inside the air cylinder is too high, and the outlet of the safety valve is connected to the safe area outside the dangerous area of ​​the ship and offshore platform.

[0014] Furthermore, the pneumatic air outlet component includes, but is not limited to, a pneumatic fan or turbine device.

[0015] Furthermore, the mechanical spring energy storage drive module includes a spring energy storage device, an energy storage drive fan, and a second airlock. The spring energy storage device is poweredly connected to the energy storage drive fan. The dangerous area compartment of the ship and offshore platform is equipped with at least one second ventilation duct that connects to the exhaust port of the energy storage drive fan and the safe area outside the compartment. The second airlock is installed in the second ventilation duct. The spring energy storage device and the second airlock are electrically connected to the intelligent control unit.

[0016] Furthermore, the hazardous area compartment of the ship and offshore platform is equipped with an external wind channel that connects to the outside atmosphere. The natural wind power utilization module includes a wind turbine, a wind turbine, and a wind gate. The wind turbine is installed outside the hazardous area compartment of the ship and offshore platform for wind power generation. The wind turbine is installed in the external wind channel and electrically connected to the wind turbine. The hazardous area compartment of the ship and offshore platform is equipped with at least one ventilation duct, which connects to the exhaust port of the wind turbine and the safe area outside the compartment. The wind gate is installed in the ventilation duct. The wind turbine, the wind turbine, and the wind gate are electrically connected to the intelligent control unit.

[0017] Furthermore, the thermal differential ventilation module includes a ventilator and a fourth air damper. The ventilator is installed on the side wall of the hazardous area compartment of the ship and offshore platform. A chimney effect ventilation duct is provided on the top of the hazardous area compartment of the ship and offshore platform. The fourth air damper is installed in the chimney effect ventilation duct. Both the ventilator and the fourth air damper are electrically connected to the intelligent control unit.

[0018] Preferably, the ventilation module includes a conventional fan and a damper five. The dangerous area compartment of the ship and offshore platform is provided with at least one ventilation duct four that is connected to the exhaust port of the conventional fan and the safe area outside the compartment. The damper five is installed in the ventilation duct four. Both the conventional fan and the damper five are electrically connected to the intelligent control unit.

[0019] Secondly, the present invention provides a ventilation method for a multi-mode emergency ventilation system for hazardous areas of ships and offshore platforms. The method, utilizing the aforementioned multi-mode emergency ventilation system for hazardous areas of ships and offshore platforms, includes the following steps:

[0020] The power system and the fan ventilation module are operating normally. The intelligent control unit is in the conventional fan control system. The compressed air drive module, the mechanical spring energy storage drive module, the natural wind power utilization module and the thermal pressure difference ventilation module are all in standby mode.

[0021] When the power system is interrupted or the ventilation module fails, the intelligent control unit switches to the emergency control system. The intelligent control unit controls one or more of the non-electrically driven ventilation systems, including the compressed air drive module, the mechanical spring energy storage drive module, the natural wind power utilization module, and the thermal pressure difference ventilation module, to carry out ventilation operations based on the gas concentration, pressure, and temperature inside and outside the dangerous area of ​​the ship and offshore platform.

[0022] The present invention provides a multi-mode emergency ventilation system and ventilation method for hazardous areas of ships and offshore platforms, which has the following advantages:

[0023] 1. The multi-mode emergency ventilation system for hazardous areas of ships and offshore platforms of the present invention combines multiple non-electrically driven methods such as compressed air, mechanical springs, natural wind power and thermal pressure difference, providing multi-mode protection and continuous ventilation. This ensures that the system can continue to operate in emergency situations, avoiding the accumulation of harmful gases due to power outages or equipment failures, and extending the valuable time for personnel evacuation.

[0024] 2. The multi-mode emergency ventilation system for hazardous areas of ships and offshore platforms of the present invention can automatically select the most suitable ventilation mode according to the actual situation, and intelligently adjust the wind speed and ventilation mode according to environmental changes, without the need for manual intervention and with rapid response.

[0025] 3. The multi-mode emergency ventilation system for hazardous areas of ships and offshore platforms of the present invention, by combining multiple physical drive methods, can maintain air circulation in the event of a long-term power outage, and is particularly suitable for long-term voyages and offshore platform operations.

[0026] 4. The multi-mode emergency ventilation system for hazardous areas of ships and offshore platforms of the present invention utilizes natural wind power and thermal pressure difference for ventilation, which not only saves energy but also reduces dependence on the power system and improves the environmental performance of the system.

[0027] 5. The multi-mode emergency ventilation system for hazardous areas of ships and offshore platforms of the present invention has a modular design that can be configured according to the needs of different ships or platforms, and is suitable for emergency ventilation needs of various scenarios and different scales. Attached Figure Description

[0028] Figure 1 A system composition diagram of a multi-mode emergency ventilation system for hazardous areas of ships and offshore platforms provided in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0029] Figure 2 This is a structural schematic diagram of a multi-mode emergency ventilation system for hazardous areas of ships and offshore platforms, provided by an embodiment of the present invention.

[0030] In the picture:

[0031] 1-Fan ventilation module; 11-Conventional fan; 12-Air damper five; 13-Ventilation duct four; 2-Intelligent control unit; 21-Gas sensor; 22-Temperature sensor; 23-Air pressure sensor; 3-Compressed air drive module; 31-Air compressor; 32-Check valve; 33-Air cylinder; 34-Stop valve; 35-Pneumatic air outlet; 36-Air damper one; 4-Mechanical spring energy storage drive module; 41-Spring energy storage device; 42-Energy storage drive fan; 43-Air damper two; 5-Natural wind power utilization module; 51-Air damper three; 6-Thermal pressure difference ventilation module; 61-Ventilator; 62-Air damper four; 7-Ventilation duct one; 8-Safety valve; 9-Ventilation duct two; 10-Ventilation duct three; 14-Chimney effect ventilation duct. Detailed Implementation

[0032] The technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0033] Reference Figure 1 and Figure 2 This application provides a multi-mode emergency ventilation system for hazardous areas of ships and offshore platforms, including a power system, a fan ventilation module 1, and an intelligent control unit 2. The fan ventilation module 1 includes a conventional fan 11 and a damper 12. At least one ventilation duct 13 connected to the exhaust port of the conventional fan 11 and the safe area outside the hazardous area of ​​the ship and offshore platform is installed inside the hazardous area. The damper 12 is installed in the ventilation duct 13. The power system is used to supply power to the fan ventilation module 1. The intelligent control unit 2 adopts a PLC controller, an MCU controller, or other control units. In this embodiment, the intelligent control unit 2 is preferably a PLC controller. The intelligent control unit 2 is pre-set with a conventional fan 11 control system and an emergency control system. The fan and the damper 12 are electrically connected to the intelligent control unit 2 to achieve automatic control. In this embodiment, the use of the intelligent control unit 2, the system settings, and the connection with the fan and the damper 12 are all existing technologies and will not be described in detail.

[0034] Reference Figure 1 and Figure 2A multi-mode emergency ventilation system for hazardous areas of ships and offshore platforms includes a compressed air drive module 3, a mechanical spring energy storage drive module 4, a natural wind utilization module 5, and a thermal pressure difference ventilation module 6. None of the four modules require power from the power system. The intelligent control unit 2 is electrically connected to the power system, the fan ventilation module 1, the compressed air drive module 3, the mechanical spring energy storage drive module 4, the natural wind utilization module 5, and the thermal pressure difference ventilation module 6. The intelligent control unit 2 is used to monitor the operation of the power system and the fan ventilation module 1, as well as the temperature, gas, and air pressure conditions in the hazardous areas of ships and offshore platforms. When the power system or the fan ventilation module 1 fails, the intelligent control unit 2 switches to the emergency control system and controls the opening and closing of the compressed air drive module 3, the mechanical spring energy storage drive module 4, the natural wind utilization module 5, and the thermal pressure difference ventilation module 6 to perform physical ventilation without power.

[0035] The intelligent control unit 2 is electrically connected to a gas sensor 21, a temperature sensor 22, and a pressure sensor 23. The gas sensor 21 and the temperature sensor 22 are installed inside the hazardous area compartment of the ship and offshore platform to monitor the gas concentration and temperature inside the compartment. The pressure sensor 23 is installed outside the hazardous area compartment of the ship and offshore platform to monitor the wind force outside the compartment. In this embodiment, the monitoring and use of the gas sensor 21, the temperature sensor 22, and the pressure sensor 23 are all existing technologies, and will not be described in detail.

[0036] Reference Figure 1 and Figure 2 The compressed air drive module 3 includes an air compressor 31, a check valve 32, an air cylinder 33, a shut-off valve 34, a pneumatic air outlet 35, and an air damper 36. The air outlet of the air compressor 31 is connected to the air inlet of the air cylinder 33 through the check valve 32, and the air outlet of the air cylinder 33 is connected to the air inlet of the pneumatic air outlet 35 through the shut-off valve 34. At least one ventilation duct 7 is installed in the hazardous area compartment of the ship and offshore platform, connecting to the exhaust port of the pneumatic air outlet 35 and the safe area outside the compartment. The ventilation duct 7 is equipped with... Air damper 36 is installed. The shut-off valve 34 and air damper 36 are electrically connected to the intelligent control unit 2. The air compressor 31 works when the power system is normal and stores gas in the air cylinder 33 for emergency use. The pneumatic air outlet 35 includes, but is not limited to, a pneumatic fan or turbine equipment. In this embodiment, the pneumatic air outlet 35 is preferably a pneumatic fan. The use of air compressor 31, check valve 32, air cylinder 33, shut-off valve 34, pneumatic air outlet 35 and air damper 36 are all existing technologies and will not be described in detail.

[0037] In the event of a power outage in the power system or failure of the ventilation module 1, compressed air drives a pneumatic fan or turbine to introduce outside air into the hazardous compartment and expel harmful gases. This module can start up quickly and provide forced ventilation in a short time.

[0038] Furthermore, a safety valve 8 is connected to the air cylinder 33 for releasing gas when the pressure inside the air cylinder 33 is too high. The outlet of the safety valve 8 is connected to the safe area outside the dangerous area of ​​the ship and offshore platform, thereby ensuring the safe use of the air cylinder 33.

[0039] Reference Figure 1 and Figure 2 The mechanical spring energy storage drive module 4 includes a spring energy storage device 41, an energy storage drive fan 42, and a second air damper 43. The spring energy storage device 41 is poweredly connected to the energy storage drive fan 42. At least one ventilation duct 9 is installed in the dangerous area compartment of the ship and offshore platform, which is connected to the exhaust port of the energy storage drive fan 42 and the safe area outside the compartment. The second air damper 43 is installed in the ventilation duct 9. The spring energy storage device 41 and the second air damper 43 are electrically connected to the intelligent control unit 2. In this embodiment, the use of the spring energy storage device 41, the energy storage drive fan 42, and the second air damper 43 are all existing technologies and will not be described in detail. In feasible embodiments, the spring energy storage device 41 can also be replaced by other mechanical energy storage devices.

[0040] When compressed air supply is insufficient or unavailable, the system switches to the mechanical spring energy storage drive module 4. The spring energy storage device 41 accumulates mechanical potential energy during normal operation and releases this energy in emergencies to drive the energy storage drive fan 42 for a short period, ensuring air circulation within the cabin. This module requires no electricity and is suitable for short-term emergency ventilation needs.

[0041] Reference Figure 1 and Figure 2 The dangerous area compartment of the ship and offshore platform is equipped with an external wind channel (not shown in the figure) that connects to the outside atmosphere. The natural wind power utilization module 5 includes a wind turbine, a wind turbine, and a wind gate 51. The wind turbine is installed outside the dangerous area compartment of the ship and offshore platform for wind power generation. The wind turbine is installed in the external wind channel and electrically connected to the wind turbine. At least one ventilation duct 10 is installed inside the dangerous area compartment of the ship and offshore platform, which connects to the exhaust port of the wind turbine and the safe area outside the compartment. The wind gate 51 is installed in the ventilation duct 10. The wind turbine, the wind turbine, and the wind gate 51 are electrically connected to the intelligent control unit 2. In this embodiment, the wind turbine and the wind turbine are not shown in the figure. Their installation and use are existing technologies and will not be described in detail.

[0042] The system utilizes natural wind or air pressure differences generated during ship navigation through external wind channels to achieve ventilation without electricity. This module is particularly suitable for ships at sea, guiding outside air into the cabin and using the air pressure difference to create natural airflow to expel toxic gases from the cabin.

[0043] Reference Figure 1 and Figure 2The thermal differential ventilation module 6 includes a ventilator 61 and a damper 62. The ventilator 61 is installed on the side wall of the hazardous area compartment of the ship and offshore platform. A chimney effect ventilation duct 14 is installed on the top of the hazardous area compartment of the ship and offshore platform. The damper 62 is installed in the chimney effect ventilation duct 14. Both the ventilator 61 and the damper 62 are electrically connected to the intelligent control unit 2. In this embodiment, the installation and use of the ventilator 61 and the damper 62 are existing technologies and will not be described in detail.

[0044] This module utilizes the temperature difference between the inside and outside of the cabin to naturally expel hot air from the cabin through the chimney-effect ventilation duct 14 at the top. Due to the physical property of hot air rising, this module can generate spontaneous airflow, making it particularly suitable for environments with leaks of harmful gases or elevated temperatures. The thermal pressure difference effect can provide natural ventilation for extended periods without electricity.

[0045] This invention provides a ventilation method for a multi-mode emergency ventilation system in hazardous areas of ships and offshore platforms. The method, utilizing the aforementioned multi-mode emergency ventilation system for hazardous areas of ships and offshore platforms, includes the following steps:

[0046] Normal operating state: When the power system and the ventilation module 1 are operating normally, the intelligent control unit 2 is in the control system of the conventional fan 11, and both the conventional fan 11 and the damper 12 are in normal operating state. All non-electric drive modules are in standby state. The compressed air drive module 3 connects to the air compressor 31, check valve 32, air cylinder 33, and other equipment or accessories through pipelines and maintains them in normal operating mode. If the pressure inside the air cylinder 33 is too high, it can be released through the safety valve 8. The spring energy storage device 41 is in a charging state, ready for emergency use.

[0047] Emergency Operation Status: When a power outage or ventilation equipment malfunction is detected, the intelligent control unit 2 automatically switches to the emergency control system.

[0048] Compressed air drive module 3 is started first, and the control system opens the shut-off valve 34 to introduce high-pressure air from air cylinder 33 into pneumatic fan or turbine equipment for forced ventilation, quickly expelling toxic gases and introducing fresh air. The air damper 36 in ventilation duct 7 is in the open state.

[0049] When compressed air is exhausted or unavailable, the mechanical spring energy storage drive module 4 is activated, which drives the fan 42 by releasing the energy stored in the spring energy storage device 41 to continue maintaining air circulation, and the air damper 43 in the ventilation duct 2 9 is in the open state.

[0050] If the air pressure sensor 23 detects that there is sufficient external wind, the system will activate the natural wind utilization module 5 through the external wind channel to ventilate using natural airflow, and the wind damper 351 in the ventilation duct 310 will be in the open state.

[0051] In a high-temperature environment, the temperature sensor 22 transmits the signal to the intelligent control unit 2 control system, which will automatically start the thermal pressure difference ventilation module and use the principle of hot air rising to naturally discharge harmful gases. The chimney effect ventilation duct 14 has the wind damper 62 in the open state.

[0052] Intelligent control and automated switching: The system integrates gas sensor 21, temperature sensor 22, and air pressure sensor 23, enabling real-time monitoring of gas concentration, air pressure, and temperature inside and outside the cabin. When the accumulation of harmful gases or interruption of airflow is detected, the intelligent control unit 2 will automatically select the appropriate ventilation mode to ensure timely response and switching of the ventilation system.

[0053] The above description is merely a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention in any form or substance. It should be noted that those skilled in the art can make various improvements and additions without departing from the present invention, and these improvements and additions should also be considered within the scope of protection of the present invention. Any modifications, alterations, and equivalent changes made by those skilled in the art based on the above-disclosed technical content without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention are equivalent embodiments of the present invention. Furthermore, any modifications, alterations, and evolutions made to the above embodiments based on the essential technology of the present invention still fall within the scope of the technical solution of the present invention.

Claims

1. A multi-mode emergency ventilation system for hazardous areas of ships and offshore platforms, comprising a power system, a fan ventilation module, and an intelligent control unit, wherein the power system supplies power to the fan ventilation module, and the intelligent control unit is pre-configured with a conventional fan control system and an emergency control system, characterized in that... It also includes a compressed air drive module, a mechanical spring energy storage drive module, a natural wind power utilization module, and a thermal pressure difference ventilation module. None of the four modules require power from the power system. The intelligent control unit is electrically connected to the power system, the fan ventilation module, the compressed air drive module, the mechanical spring energy storage drive module, the natural wind power utilization module, and the thermal pressure difference ventilation module. The intelligent control unit is used to monitor the operation of the power system and the fan ventilation module, as well as the temperature, gas, and air pressure in the dangerous areas of ships and offshore platforms. When the power system or the fan ventilation module fails, the intelligent control unit switches to the emergency control system and controls the opening and closing of the compressed air drive module, the mechanical spring energy storage drive module, the natural wind power utilization module, and the thermal pressure difference ventilation module to carry out physical ventilation without power. The intelligent control unit is electrically connected to a gas sensor, a temperature sensor, and a pressure sensor. The gas sensor and temperature sensor are installed inside the hazardous area compartment of the ship and offshore platform to monitor the gas concentration and temperature inside the compartment, and the pressure sensor is installed outside the hazardous area compartment of the ship and offshore platform to monitor the wind force outside the compartment. The thermal differential ventilation module includes a ventilator and a fourth air damper. The ventilator is installed on the side wall of the dangerous area compartment of the ship and offshore platform. The top of the dangerous area compartment of the ship and offshore platform is provided with a chimney effect ventilation duct. The fourth air damper is installed in the chimney effect ventilation duct. Both the ventilator and the fourth air damper are electrically connected to the intelligent control unit. When a power outage or ventilation equipment malfunction is detected, the intelligent control unit automatically switches to the emergency control system. The compressed air drive module is activated first; when compressed air is depleted or unavailable, the mechanical spring energy storage drive module is activated; if the air pressure sensor detects sufficient external wind, the system activates the natural wind utilization module through the external wind channel; in high-temperature environments, the temperature sensor transmits the signal to the intelligent control unit control system, and the system will automatically activate the thermal pressure difference ventilation module, using the principle of hot air rising to naturally expel harmful gases, and the chimney effect ventilation duct's four dampers are in the open state.

2. The multi-mode emergency ventilation system for hazardous areas of ships and offshore platforms as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The compressed air drive module includes an air compressor, a check valve, an air cylinder, a shut-off valve, a pneumatic air outlet, and an air damper. The air compressor outlet and the air cylinder inlet are connected through the check valve, and the air cylinder outlet and the pneumatic air outlet inlet are connected through the shut-off valve. The hazardous area compartment of the ship and offshore platform is equipped with at least one ventilation duct that connects to the pneumatic air outlet exhaust port and the safe area outside the compartment. The air damper is installed in the ventilation duct. The shut-off valve and the air damper are electrically connected to the intelligent control unit.

3. A multi-mode emergency ventilation system for hazardous areas of ships and offshore platforms as described in claim 2, characterized in that, The air cylinder is connected to a safety valve for releasing gas when the pressure inside the air cylinder is too high. The outlet of the safety valve is connected to the safe area outside the dangerous area of ​​the ship and offshore platform.

4. A multi-mode emergency ventilation system for hazardous areas of ships and offshore platforms as described in claim 2, characterized in that, The pneumatic air outlet component includes a pneumatic fan or turbine device.

5. A multi-mode emergency ventilation system for hazardous areas of ships and offshore platforms as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The mechanical spring energy storage drive module includes a spring energy storage device, an energy storage drive fan, and a second airlock. The spring energy storage device is poweredly connected to the energy storage drive fan. The dangerous area compartment of the ship and offshore platform is equipped with at least one second ventilation duct that connects to the exhaust port of the energy storage drive fan and the safe area outside the compartment. The second airlock is installed in the second ventilation duct. The spring energy storage device and the second airlock are electrically connected to the intelligent control unit.

6. A multi-mode emergency ventilation system for hazardous areas of ships and offshore platforms as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The hazardous area compartment of the ship and offshore platform is equipped with an external wind channel that connects to the outside atmosphere. The natural wind power utilization module includes a wind turbine, a wind turbine, and a wind gate. The wind turbine is located outside the hazardous area compartment of the ship and offshore platform for wind power generation. The wind turbine is located in the external wind channel and is electrically connected to the wind turbine. The hazardous area compartment of the ship and offshore platform is equipped with at least one ventilation duct, which connects to the exhaust port of the wind turbine and the safe area outside the compartment. The wind gate is installed in the ventilation duct. The wind turbine, the wind turbine, and the wind gate are electrically connected to the intelligent control unit.

7. A multi-mode emergency ventilation system for hazardous areas of ships and offshore platforms as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The ventilation module includes a conventional fan and a damper five. The dangerous area compartment of the ship and offshore platform is equipped with at least one ventilation duct four that connects to the exhaust port of the conventional fan and the safe area outside the compartment. The damper five is installed in the ventilation duct four. Both the conventional fan and the damper five are electrically connected to the intelligent control unit.

8. A ventilation method for a multi-mode emergency ventilation system in hazardous areas of ships and offshore platforms, characterized in that, The application of the multi-mode emergency ventilation system for hazardous areas of ships and offshore platforms as described in any one of claims 1-7 includes the following steps: The power system and the fan ventilation module are operating normally. The intelligent control unit is in the conventional fan control system. The compressed air drive module, the mechanical spring energy storage drive module, the natural wind power utilization module and the thermal pressure difference ventilation module are all in standby mode. When the power system is interrupted or the ventilation module fails, the intelligent control unit switches to the emergency control system. The intelligent control unit controls one or more of the non-electrically driven ventilation systems, including the compressed air drive module, the mechanical spring energy storage drive module, the natural wind power utilization module, and the thermal pressure difference ventilation module, to carry out ventilation operations based on the gas concentration, pressure, and temperature inside and outside the dangerous area of ​​the ship and offshore platform.

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