An air conditioning system for a passenger ship

Abstract

This invention provides a passenger ship air conditioning system, comprising: a water system including a cooling module, a preheating module, a reheating module, a first coil, and a second coil; a first outlet pipe connecting the outlet of the cooling module and the inlet of the first coil, and a first return pipe connecting the inlet of the cooling module and the outlet of the first coil; the outlet of the preheating module connected to the first outlet pipe via a pipe, and the inlet of the preheating module connected to the first return pipe via a pipe; a second outlet pipe connecting the outlet of the reheating module and the inlet of the second coil, and a second return pipe connecting the inlet of the reheating module and the outlet of the second coil; and an air system including an air duct, with the first and second coils arranged sequentially along the air supply direction within the air duct. This invention adds a reheating cycle to the water system, lowering the preheated water temperature in winter to meet the cooling needs of the interior cabins and some technical cabins that require cooling even in winter.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the field of marine technology, and specifically relates to an air conditioning system for passenger ships. Background Technology

[0002] Currently, the typical air conditioning system design for passenger ships mainly includes a water system and a wind system, among which:

[0003] Water system: Cooling and heating share the same piping. In summer, the piping uses chilled water with a design temperature of about 6 degrees Celsius, and the chilled water cooling source is a chiller unit. In winter, the piping uses hot water with a design temperature of about 36 degrees Celsius, and the heating source is generally steam.

[0004] Air system: The air conditioner's fan is at a fixed frequency, and the airflow of the terminal air distributors is not controlled. The system is adjusted during the commissioning phase according to the designed airflow for each area. Except for the cabin air distributors, which are generally equipped with electric heating and can be adjusted to a certain degree of temperature rise in one direction, the entire system operates with stable parameters.

[0005] The existing system can only adjust the air conditioning temperature by regulating the water temperature of the water system and supplement it with electric heating to raise the temperature. However, in winter, there is still a need for cooling in high-heat areas such as the cabin, computer room, and electrical room. If cold water is supplied in the water system pipes, the heating can only be provided by electric heating, which obviously increases energy consumption and has poor heating effect.

[0006] Therefore, how to provide an air conditioning system that can simultaneously provide heating and cooling to different zones in winter has become an urgent technical problem to be solved. Summary of the Invention

[0007] The purpose of this invention is to provide an air conditioning system that can simultaneously provide heating and cooling to different zones during winter.

[0008] This invention provides a passenger ship air conditioning system, comprising: a water system and a wind system; wherein,

[0009] The water system includes a cooling module, a preheating module, a reheating module, a first coil, and a second coil;

[0010] A first water outlet pipe is connected between the water outlet of the refrigeration module and the water inlet of the first coil, and a first water return pipe is connected between the water inlet of the refrigeration module and the water outlet of the first coil; the water outlet of the preheating module is connected to the first water outlet pipe through a pipeline, and the water inlet of the preheating module is connected to the first water return pipe through a pipeline.

[0011] A second water outlet pipe is connected between the water outlet of the reheating module and the water inlet of the second coil, and a second water return pipe is connected between the water inlet of the reheating module and the water outlet of the second coil.

[0012] The air system includes an air duct, and the first coil and the second coil are arranged sequentially in the air duct along the air supply direction.

[0013] Optionally, the passenger ship's air conditioning system includes cabin air conditioning systems and lobby air conditioning systems;

[0014] In the cabin air conditioning system, the air system includes a first rotary wheel, and the air duct includes a cabin air intake duct and a cabin air return duct. The cabin air intake passes through the cabin air intake duct and the rotary wheel to supply air to the inner cabin and / or the outer cabin. The cabin exhaust air of the inner cabin and the outer cabin is discharged through the cabin air return duct and the first rotary wheel. The cabin air intake and cabin exhaust air exchange heat in the first rotary wheel.

[0015] And / or, in the lobby air conditioning system, the air system includes a second rotary wheel, and the air duct includes a lobby air intake duct and a lobby air return duct. The lobby air intake passes through the lobby air intake duct and then through the second rotary wheel to supply air to the lobby, and the lobby exhaust air passes through the lobby air return duct and then through the second rotary wheel to be discharged. The lobby air intake and lobby exhaust air exchange heat in the second rotary wheel.

[0016] Optionally, the lobby air conditioning system also includes a circulating air duct, one end of which is connected to the lobby air inlet duct and located on the air inlet side of the second rotating wheel, and the other end of which is connected to the lobby air return duct and located on the air outlet side of the second rotating wheel; electric dampers are installed at the air inlet of the lobby air inlet duct, the air outlet of the lobby air return duct, and on the circulating air duct.

[0017] Optionally, the lobby air intake duct includes a main lobby air intake duct and at least two branch lobby air intake ducts connected in sequence, with a variable air volume damper installed on each branch lobby air intake duct.

[0018] Optionally, the first coil is installed on the main air intake duct of the lobby, and the second coil is installed on the branch air intake duct of the lobby.

[0019] Optionally, both the inner and outer cabins are equipped with electrically heated air distributors.

[0020] Optionally, the cabin air intake duct includes a main cabin air intake duct and an inner cabin air intake duct and an outer cabin air intake duct connected to the main cabin air intake duct;

[0021] A second heating coil is installed on the outer cabin air intake duct, while no heating device is installed on the inner cabin air intake duct.

[0022] Optionally, the air duct includes an air inlet duct and a return air duct. An air filter and a variable frequency blower are sequentially arranged along the airflow direction on the air inlet duct, and an air filter and a variable frequency exhaust fan are sequentially arranged along the airflow direction on the return air duct.

[0023] Optionally, temperature control sensors and pressure control sensors are installed on the air intake ducts of the cabins and / or the air intake ducts of the hall.

[0024] Optionally, a CO2 concentration sensor is installed on the return air duct of the lobby.

[0025] The beneficial effects of this invention are as follows:

[0026] As can be seen from the above scheme, the present invention provides a passenger ship air conditioning system, including: a water system and a wind system; wherein, the water system includes a cooling module, a preheating module (equivalent to steam heating in the prior art), a reheating module, a first coil and a second coil; compared with the air conditioning system in the prior art, the water system adds a reheating cycle to lower the water temperature preheated in winter, so as to meet the needs of the inner cabin and some technical cabins that still need to be cooled even in winter (such as computer rooms, electrical rooms and other high heat-generating places), and other areas can be more precisely regulated through the two-stage regulation of the preheating and reheating systems. Attached Figure Description

[0027] Figure 1 This diagram illustrates the principle of a passenger ship air conditioning water system according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0028] Figure 2 This diagram illustrates the principle of the passenger ship cabin air conditioning system according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0029] Figure 3 This diagram illustrates the principle of the air conditioning system in the passenger ship's main hall, according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0030] Figure 4 This is a diagram showing the cabin layout of a passenger ship according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0031] In the diagram, 101 is the condenser; 102 is the chiller unit; 2 is the preheating module; 3 is the reheating module; 401 is the first coil; 402 is the second coil; 5 is the electrically operated shut-off damper; 6 is the air filter; 701 is the variable frequency blower; 702 is the variable frequency exhaust fan; 801 is the first rotary impeller; 802 is the second rotary impeller; 901 is the pressure control sensor; 902 is the temperature control sensor; 903 is the CO2 concentration sensor; 904 is the temperature display sensor; 10 is the electrically operated variable displacement damper; 11 is the air distributor; 1201 is the outer cabin; 1202 is the inner cabin; 1203 is the lobby. Detailed Implementation

[0032] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of this invention clearer, the technical solutions of the embodiments of this invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some, not all, of the embodiments of this invention. Based on the embodiments of this invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of this invention.

[0033] This embodiment provides a passenger ship air conditioning system capable of simultaneously providing heating and cooling to different zones during winter. See also: Figure 4 The passenger ship in this embodiment includes an outer cabin 1201, an inner cabin 1202 and a hall 1203. The inner cabin 1202 is located at the center of the hull, and the outer cabin 1201 is arranged around the inner cabin.

[0034] See Figure 1 The passenger ship air conditioning system of the present invention includes: a water system and a wind system; wherein, the water system includes a cooling module, a preheating module 2, a reheating module 3, a first coil 401 and a second coil 402.

[0035] Combination Figure 1 In the water system: the refrigeration module includes a condenser 101 and a chiller unit 102. The circulating water in the chiller unit 102 is cooled in the condenser 101. A first outlet pipe is connected between the outlet of the chiller unit 102 and the inlet of the first coil 401, and a first return pipe is connected between the inlet of the refrigeration module and the outlet of the first coil 401. The outlet of the preheating module 2 is connected to the first outlet pipe via a pipeline, and the inlet of the preheating module 2 is connected to the first return pipe via a pipeline. A second outlet pipe is connected between the outlet of the reheating module 3 and the inlet of the second coil 402, and a second return pipe is connected between the inlet of the reheating module 3 and the outlet of the second coil 402.

[0036] The air system includes an air duct, with a first coil 401 and a second coil 402 arranged sequentially within the air duct along the air supply direction. Further, the air duct includes an air inlet duct and a return duct. An air filter and a variable frequency blower 701 are arranged sequentially along the airflow direction on the air inlet duct, and an air filter and a variable frequency exhaust fan 702 are arranged sequentially along the airflow direction on the return duct. In this embodiment, the filter is an air filter screen 6.

[0037] Combination Figure 2 and Figure 3The passenger ship's air conditioning system includes a cabin air conditioning system and a lobby air conditioning system; the cabins include outer cabin 1201 and inner cabin 1202. In the cabin air conditioning system, the air system includes a first rotary impeller 801, and the air ducts include cabin air intake ducts and cabin air return ducts. Cabin air intake passes through the cabin air intake ducts and the rotary impeller to supply air to inner cabin 1202 and outer cabin 1201. Cabin exhaust air from inner cabin 1202 and outer cabin 1201 is discharged through the cabin air return ducts and the first rotary impeller 801. Heat exchange occurs between the cabin air intake and exhaust air within the first rotary impeller 801. Furthermore, the cabin air intake duct includes a main cabin air intake duct and a connecting... The inner cabin air intake duct and outer cabin air intake duct are connected to the main air intake duct of the cabin. The main air intake duct of the cabin is equipped with a first coil 401, and the outer cabin air intake duct is equipped with a second coil 402. No heating device (including coil) is installed on the inner cabin air intake duct. An electric shut-off valve 5 and an air filter 6 are sequentially installed on the air intake side of the main air intake duct of the cabin, on the first rotating wheel 801. A variable frequency blower 701 is installed on the main air intake duct of the cabin, between the first rotating wheel 801 and the first coil 401. Both the inner and outer cabins are equipped with electrically heated air distributors 11. A pressure control sensor 901 and a temperature control sensor 902 are installed on the main air intake duct of the cabin, behind the first coil 401. A temperature control sensor 902 is installed on the outer cabin air intake duct, behind the second coil 402. Air distributors 11 are installed on both the outer cabin 1201 and the inner cabin 1202. Air filter 6, first rotating wheel 801, variable frequency exhaust fan 702 and electric shut-off valve 5 are installed in sequence on the cabin return air duct.

[0038] In the lobby air conditioning system, the air system includes a second rotary impeller 802, and the air ducts include a lobby air intake duct and a lobby air return duct. The lobby air intake duct includes a main lobby air intake duct and at least two branch lobby air intake ducts connected in sequence. The two branch lobby air intake ducts supply air to the left and right sides of the lobby, respectively. The lobby air enters through the main lobby air intake duct, passing through an electric damper, air filter 6, second rotary impeller 802, variable frequency fan 701, first coil 401, pressure control sensor 901, and temperature display sensor 904, before being diverted into the two branch lobby air intake ducts to supply air to the left and right sides of the lobby. The electric damper is an electric shut-off valve 5. Each branch lobby air intake duct is equipped with a second coil 402, a temperature display sensor 904, and an electric variable valve in sequence according to the airflow direction. The left and right sides of the lobby each have independent branch return air ducts. Each branch return air duct is equipped with an electrically operated variable displacement valve 10, a temperature control sensor 902, and a CO2 concentration sensor 903, arranged sequentially according to the airflow direction. The outlet of each branch return air duct is connected to the main return air duct of the lobby. The main return air duct is equipped with an air filter 6, a second rotary impeller 802, a variable frequency exhaust fan 702, and an electrically operated shut-off valve 5, arranged sequentially along the airflow direction. Lobby exhaust air is discharged through the lobby return air duct and then through the second rotary impeller 802; heat exchange occurs between the lobby intake air and lobby exhaust air within the second rotary impeller 802. The lobby air conditioning system also includes a circulating air duct. One end of the circulating air duct is connected to the lobby intake air duct and located on the intake side of the second rotary impeller 802, while the other end is connected to the lobby return air duct and located on the outlet side of the second rotary impeller 802. An electrically operated shut-off valve 5 is installed on the circulating air duct. The electrically operated variable displacement valve 10 is used to adjust the airflow. The first coil 401 and the second coil 402 are used to regulate the temperature.

[0039] Basic working principle of water system:

[0040] 1) Preheating and cooling share the same piping.

[0041] 2) In summer, the preheating system stops heating, and the circulating water in the pipeline is cooled by the chiller before being sent to the air conditioner to cool the air. The cooled air is then delivered to the service area. The preheating water temperature is designed to be 6 degrees Celsius at the inlet coil and 12 degrees Celsius at the outlet coil. The system controls the return water temperature at 12 degrees Celsius, and the chiller unit loads and unloads according to the return water temperature (which varies depending on the load). The reheating system is used for temperature fine-tuning.

[0042] 3) In winter, the chiller stops working, and the air conditioner will use a two-stage preheating and reheating process to heat the air. The preheating design return water temperature is 12 degrees Celsius, and the reheating supply water temperature is 80 degrees Celsius.

[0043] Basic working principle of the cabin ventilation system:

[0044] 1) In winter, the heat load on the outer cabin is high. The air is preheated and reheated by the air conditioning coils before being sent into the cabin. The cabin air distributors are electrically heated, resulting in a total of three heating stages. The water inlet valve of the reheat coil is automatically adjusted based on the temperature sensor.

[0045] 2) In winter, the internal cabin has a low heat load and requires cooling. Air enters the cabin after passing through the preheating coil (temperature approximately 13 degrees Celsius). The terminal air distributors are electrically heated, resulting in a two-stage heating system. The water inlet valve of the preheating coil is automatically adjusted based on the temperature sensor.

[0046] 3) The cabin is equipped with a thermostat with a built-in temperature sensor. Based on user settings and temperature sensor data, the thermostat automatically adjusts the airflow by regulating the variable air volume damper within the air distributor. When the airflow cannot be reduced further (the minimum requirement for fresh air), the electric heater within the air distributor is automatically activated to regulate the temperature.

[0047] 4) The duct pressure is designed to be constant. When the variable air volume dampers in each compartment are activated, the duct pressure changes. The variable frequency fan in the air conditioner will automatically increase or decrease its frequency based on the pressure sensor on the main duct, thereby achieving cabin comfort and energy saving.

[0048] Basic working principle of the main hall and cabin:

[0049] 1) The refrigerant / preheating water inlet valve automatically adjusts the amount of water entering the coil according to the temperature set by the temperature sensor;

[0050] 2) The water inlet valve of the reheat coil automatically adjusts the amount of water entering the coil according to the temperature set by the temperature sensor;

[0051] 3) The inlet valve of the reheat coil automatically adjusts the water flow into the coil according to the temperature set by the temperature sensor:

[0052] 4) The variable air volume (VAV) damper automatically adjusts based on the temperature and CO2 concentration sensors in the left-side lobby. The temperature sensor controls the temperature, while the CO2 concentration is used to determine the number of people in the area. The opening of the VAV damper is then controlled based on the calculated number of people. The right-side lobby operates on the same principle.

[0053] 5) The duct is designed for constant pressure. When the opening of the variable air volume damper changes, the duct pressure will change accordingly. The pressure change is detected by a pressure sensor and outputs a control to increase or decrease the frequency of the fan.

[0054] 6) When the hall is unoccupied for a long time, for energy saving, the system can be in full internal circulation state by closing the shut-off dampers at the air inlet and outlet and opening the electric shut-off damper 5 on the circulating air duct.

[0055] This invention adds a reheating stage to the water system, lowering the preheated water temperature in winter to meet the needs of the interior cabins and some technical compartments that still require cooling even in winter (such as computer rooms, electrical rooms, and other high-heat areas). Other areas benefit from the two-stage regulation of the preheating and reheating systems, allowing for more precise control. In the air system, the addition of a rotary wheel, variable air volume (VAV) dampers, VAV distributors, and CO2 concentration sensors enables independent adjustment of air-conditioned zones based on individual differences, achieving fully automatic control and thus achieving both comfort and energy savings. For situations where public areas on passenger ships are unoccupied during peak and off-peak seasons, as well as during operation and non-operation, the system can switch to a full internal circulation mode, significantly saving energy. The air conditioner incorporates a rotary wheel. This wheel allows for complete heat exchange between return air and fresh air, preventing them from mixing and contaminating the fresh air, thus greatly improving energy efficiency.

[0056] The main advantages of this invention are:

[0057] 1. The water system incorporates reheat circulation, improving regulation precision and passenger comfort;

[0058] 2. Adding a rotary vane to the air conditioner allows for energy exchange between the return air and the fresh air, greatly improving energy efficiency;

[0059] 3. The air conditioner has a built-in electric damper for return air and fresh air, which can switch to internal circulation mode when no one is in the public area, making it suitable for energy saving on passenger ships;

[0060] 4. By adding variable air volume dampers, variable air volume, air distributor CO2 concentration sensors, etc., different areas on the ship can be individually and independently adjusted according to different settings or actual conditions, which greatly improves the comfort of passengers.

[0061] The above are preferred embodiments of the present invention. It should be noted that, for those skilled in the art, several improvements and modifications can be made without departing from the principle of the present invention, and these improvements and modifications should also be considered within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A passenger ship air conditioning system, characterized in that, include: Water system and air system; among them, The water system includes a cooling module, a preheating module, a reheating module, a first coil, and a second coil; A first water outlet pipe is connected between the water outlet of the refrigeration module and the water inlet of the first coil, and a first water return pipe is connected between the water inlet of the refrigeration module and the water outlet of the first coil; the water outlet of the preheating module is connected to the first water outlet pipe through a pipe, and the water inlet of the preheating module is connected to the first water return pipe through a pipe. A second water outlet pipe is connected between the water outlet of the reheating module and the water inlet of the second coil, and a second water return pipe is connected between the water inlet of the reheating module and the water outlet of the second coil. The air system includes an air duct, and the first coil and the second coil are arranged sequentially in the air duct along the air supply direction. The passenger ship's air conditioning system includes a cabin air conditioning system and a lobby air conditioning system; In the cabin air conditioning system, the air system includes a first rotary wheel, and the air duct includes a cabin air inlet duct and a cabin air return duct. The cabin air inlet passes through the cabin air inlet duct and the first rotary wheel to supply air to the inner cabin and / or the outer cabin. The cabin exhaust air of the inner cabin and the outer cabin is discharged through the cabin air return duct and the first rotary wheel. The cabin air inlet and cabin exhaust air exchange heat within the first rotary wheel. And / or, in the lobby air conditioning system, the air system includes a second rotary wheel, the air duct includes a lobby air inlet duct and a lobby air return duct, the lobby air inlet passes through the lobby air inlet duct and then through the second rotary wheel to supply air to the lobby, and the lobby exhaust air passes through the lobby air return duct and then through the second rotary wheel to be discharged; the lobby air inlet and lobby exhaust exchange heat in the second rotary wheel; The cabin air intake duct includes a main cabin air intake duct and an inner cabin air intake duct and an outer cabin air intake duct connected to the main cabin air intake duct. The second coil is installed on the outer cabin air intake duct, while no heating device is installed on the inner cabin air intake duct.

2. The passenger ship air conditioning system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The lobby air conditioning system also includes a circulating air duct. One end of the circulating air duct is connected to the lobby air inlet duct and is located on the air inlet side of the second rotating wheel. The other end of the circulating air duct is connected to the lobby air return duct and is located on the air outlet side of the second rotating wheel. Electric dampers are installed at the air inlet of the lobby air inlet duct, the air outlet of the lobby air return duct, and the circulating air duct.

3. The passenger ship air conditioning system according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that: The lobby air intake duct includes a main lobby air intake duct and at least two branch lobby air intake ducts connected in sequence, and each branch lobby air intake duct is equipped with a variable air volume damper.

4. The passenger ship air conditioning system according to claim 3, characterized in that: The first coil is installed on the main air intake duct of the hall, and the second coil is installed on the branch air intake duct of the hall.

5. The passenger ship air conditioning system according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that: Both the inner and outer cabins are equipped with electrically heated air distributors.

6. The passenger ship air conditioning system according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that: The air duct includes an air inlet duct and an air return duct. An air filter and a variable frequency blower are sequentially arranged along the airflow direction on the air inlet duct, and an air filter and a variable frequency exhaust fan are sequentially arranged along the airflow direction on the air return duct.

7. The passenger ship air conditioning system according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that: Temperature control sensors and pressure control sensors are installed on the air intake ducts of the cabins and / or the air intake ducts of the halls.

8. The passenger ship air conditioning system according to claim 7, characterized in that: A CO2 concentration sensor is installed on the return air duct of the hall.

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