Continuous quick-steaming salt-free dyeing process

Abstract

The invention provides a continuous quick-steaming salt-free dyeing process, and relates to the technical field of salt-free dyeing, the process comprises the following steps: pretreating a fabric by using a pretreatment solution with specific temperature, duration and ratio; dyeing, wherein the dye concentration, the temperature and the time are accurately controlled; and then quickly steaming at specific temperature and pressure. The method is suitable for fabrics with different fiber proportions, dyeing efficiency and quality can be effectively improved, and environmental pollution is reduced. The dyed fabric is high in color fastness, small in strength damage and good in hand feeling. The method is clear in technological parameters, easy and convenient to operate, controllable in cost and high in adaptability, an innovative, efficient and environment-friendly solution is provided for the field of textile dyeing, and the dyeing period is greatly shortened by optimizing the process and adopting the rapid steaming technology. The requirement for rapid production can be met, the equipment occupation time can be shortened, the utilization rate of production equipment is increased, and therefore the yield of an enterprise is increased, and the market supply capacity is improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention belongs to the technical field of salt-free dyeing, and more specifically, particularly relates to a continuous rapid steaming salt-free dyeing process. Background Art

[0002] In the field of textile printing and dyeing, the development of dyeing technology has always been the focus of the industry. Traditional dyeing technology has many problems.

[0003] First, many dyeing methods rely on a large amount of salt to promote dyeing, which not only increases costs but also causes serious environmental pollution. The treatment of a large amount of salt-containing wastewater has brought a heavy burden to enterprises and also caused great damage to the ecological environment.

[0004] Secondly, the traditional dyeing process often has complicated steps, long production cycle and low efficiency, which not only limits the output but also increases the operating costs of enterprises.

[0005] Furthermore, dyeing quality and color fastness often fail to reach the ideal level. Problems such as uneven color and easy fading affect the quality and appearance of the product and reduce its market competitiveness.

[0006] In addition, during the dyeing process, due to the limitations of process conditions, the strength of the fabric may be greatly damaged, resulting in a decrease in the durability of the fabric.

[0007] At the same time, some existing dyeing processes also have an adverse effect on the feel of the fabric, making it rough and stiff, reducing the comfort and use value of the fabric.

[0008] Moreover, traditional processes have poor adaptability, and it is often difficult to achieve universal and effective dyeing effects for fabrics with different fiber compositions and proportions.

[0009] In summary, in order to solve these problems in traditional dyeing processes, there is an urgent need for an innovative, efficient, environmentally friendly, continuous rapid steaming salt-free dyeing process that can ensure dyeing quality and fabric performance. Summary of the invention

[0010] In order to solve the above technical problems, the present invention provides a continuous rapid steaming salt-free dyeing process to solve the above problems.

[0011] A continuous rapid steaming salt-free dyeing process comprises the following steps:

[0012] S1: Pretreatment: Soak the fabric in a pretreatment solution at a temperature of T1°C for Z1 minutes. The pretreatment solution contains component A with a concentration of C1g / L and component B with a concentration of C2g / L. Component A is the penetrant JFC, and its concentration C1 is calculated by the formula C1=F1×W, where F1 is 0.5 and W is the weight of the fabric (unit: kg). Component B is the softener ES, and its concentration C2 is calculated by the formula C2=F2×W, where F2 is 0.3 and W is the weight of the fabric (unit: kg). The pH value of the pretreatment solution is controlled at PH1.

[0013] S2: Dyeing: The pretreated fabric is placed in a dye solution containing a dye concentration of C3 g / L, and dyed at a temperature of T2°C for Z2 minutes, wherein the dye is a mixture of dye A and dye B in a volume ratio of K:L, K is 3:2, L is 2:3, dye A is reactive red KD-8B, and dye B is disperse blue 2BLN.

[0014] S3: Rapid steaming: The dyed fabric is rapidly steamed for Z3 minutes at a temperature of T3°C and a pressure of P1. The steam flow rate of the rapid steaming equipment is Q cubic meters / minute.

[0015] Preferably, the fabric is composed of cotton fiber and polyester fiber in a weight ratio of M:N, where M is 4:1 and N is 1:4.

[0016] Preferably, the pH value of the dye solution is controlled at pH 2.

[0017] Preferably, the temperature T1 is 55° C. and the soaking time Z1 is 25 minutes.

[0018] Preferably, the temperature T2 is 75° C. and the dyeing time Z2 is 45 minutes.

[0019] Preferably, the temperature T3 is 125° C., the pressure P1 is 0.25 MPa, and the rapid steaming time Z3 is 8 minutes.

[0020] Preferably, the concentration calculation formula of the dye A is C3A=F3×W, where F3 is 0.4 and W is the fabric weight (unit: kg); the concentration calculation formula of the dye B is C3B=F4×W, where F4 is 0.3 and W is the fabric weight (unit: kg).

[0021] Preferably, the stirring speed of the pretreatment liquid is R1 rpm, and the stirring speed of the dye liquid is R2 rpm.

[0022] Preferably, the conveying speed of the fabric in the rapid steaming equipment is V m / min.

[0023] Preferably, the fabric after rapid steaming is washed and dried, the washing water temperature is TW°C, the drying temperature is TD°C, and the drying time is TZ minutes.

[0024] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0025] 1. The continuous rapid steaming salt-free dyeing process of the present invention significantly improves the dyeing efficiency. The traditional dyeing process is often complicated and time-consuming, while the present process greatly shortens the dyeing cycle by optimizing the process and adopting rapid steaming technology. This can not only meet the needs of rapid production, but also reduce the equipment occupancy time and improve the utilization rate of production equipment, thereby increasing the output of enterprises and improving market supply capacity.

[0026] 2. This process effectively reduces environmental pollution. It abandons the reliance on salt in traditional dyeing, avoids the discharge of large amounts of salty wastewater, and reduces the pressure on the ecological environment. At the same time, the chemical reagents used in the dyeing process are also carefully selected and optimized, reducing the discharge of harmful chemicals, meeting the strict requirements of modern society for green and environmentally friendly production, and helping companies establish a good environmental image.

[0027] 3. Significantly improved dyeing quality and color fastness. By precisely controlling the parameters of each dyeing process, such as temperature, time, pressure, etc., the dye can penetrate into the fiber more evenly and deeply, thus achieving a brighter and more lasting dyeing effect. Excellent color fastness allows the fabric to maintain good color after multiple washings and uses, extending the service life of the fabric and improving the quality and value of the product.

[0028] 4. The present invention causes minimal damage to the fabric. During the dyeing and treatment process, by optimizing the process conditions and selecting mild chemical reagents, the damage to the fabric fiber structure is minimized, ensuring the mechanical properties of the fabric such as breaking strength and tearing strength. This allows the dyed fabric to maintain a good appearance while still having sufficient strength and durability, and is suitable for various complex usage scenarios.

[0029] 5. Improved fabric feel and comfort. The carefully designed process steps and the use of auxiliaries keep the fabric soft and smooth after dyeing, increasing the skin-friendliness and wearing comfort of the fabric. This feature makes the dyed fabric not only pleasing in appearance, but also more advantageous in user experience, thus improving the market competitiveness of the product.

[0030] 6. Enhanced process adaptability and flexibility. It can be applied to fabrics with different fiber compositions and proportions, providing convenience for enterprises to flexibly adjust product structures according to market demand. Whether it is a common combination of cotton fiber and polyester fiber, or a blend of other types of fibers, this process can achieve ideal dyeing effects and meet diverse customer needs.

[0031] 7. Reduced production costs. The overall production costs of enterprises are reduced by improving production efficiency, reducing the amount of chemical reagents and wastewater treatment costs, and reducing the defective rate caused by dyeing quality problems. This enables enterprises to have more price advantages in market competition, improve the cost performance of products, and create greater profit space for enterprises. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0032] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the overall process of the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0033] The following embodiments of the present invention are described in further detail in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and examples. The following examples are used to illustrate the present invention, but are not intended to limit the scope of the present invention.

[0034] The present invention relates to a continuous rapid steaming salt-free dyeing process, aiming to provide a novel dyeing method that is efficient, environmentally friendly and can ensure dyeing quality. The implementation process and effects of the process will be described in detail below through multiple specific embodiments, and comparative analysis will be performed through data and tables.

[0035] Experimental materials and equipment:

[0036] Experimental Materials:

[0037] Fabrics composed of different fibers, such as fabrics made of cotton and polyester fibers mixed in different proportions;

[0038] All types of dyes, including reactive dyes and disperse dyes;

[0039] Penetrants, softeners, etc. in the pretreatment solution;

[0040] Other additives.

[0041] Experimental equipment:

[0042] Dyeing machines;

[0043] Rapid steaming equipment;

[0044] pH tester;

[0045] Electronic balance;

[0046] Tensile testing machine;

[0047] Color fastness tester;

[0048] Oven.

[0049] Embodiment 1:

[0050] Fabric preparation: Select a fabric composed of cotton fiber and polyester fiber in a weight ratio of 4:1, weighing 5 kg.

[0051] Pretreatment: Soak the fabric in a pretreatment solution at a temperature of 55°C for 25 minutes. The pretreatment solution contains a penetrant JFC at a concentration of 2.5 g / L (calculated by the formula C1=0.5×5), a softener ES concentration of 1.5 g / L (calculated by the formula C2=0.3×5), a pH value of the pretreatment solution controlled at 6.5, and a stirring speed of 30 rpm.

[0052] Dyeing: The pretreated fabric is placed in a dye solution containing reactive red KD-8B dye and disperse blue 2BLN dye in a volume ratio of 3:2. The concentration of reactive red KD-8B dye is 2 g / L (calculated by the formula C3A=0.4×5), the concentration of disperse blue 2BLN dye is 1.5 g / L (calculated by the formula C3B=0.3×5), the pH value of the dye solution is controlled at 7.0, and the dyeing is carried out at a temperature of 75°C for 45 minutes, and the stirring speed is 40 rpm.

[0053] Quick steaming: The dyed fabric is quick steamed at a temperature of 125°C and a pressure of 0.25 MPa for 8 minutes. The steam flow rate of the quick steaming equipment is 2 cubic meters per minute, and the conveying speed of the fabric is 1 meter per minute.

[0054] Post-treatment: The fabric after rapid steaming was washed with water at 40°C and then dried in an oven at 60°C for 30 minutes.

[0055] Embodiment 2:

[0056] Fabric preparation: Select a fabric composed of cotton fiber and polyester fiber in a weight ratio of 1:4, weighing 8kg.

[0057] Pretreatment: Soak the fabric in a pretreatment solution at a temperature of 50°C for 30 minutes. The pretreatment solution contains a penetrant JFC at a concentration of 4 g / L (calculated by the formula C1=0.5×8), a softener ES concentration of 2.4 g / L (calculated by the formula C2=0.3×8), a pH value of the pretreatment solution controlled at 6.0, and a stirring speed of 25 rpm.

[0058] Dyeing: The pretreated fabric is placed in a dye solution containing reactive red KD-8B dye and disperse blue 2BLN dye in a volume ratio of 2:3. The concentration of reactive red KD-8B dye is 3.2 g / L (calculated by the formula C3A=0.4×8), the concentration of disperse blue 2BLN dye is 2.4 g / L (calculated by the formula C3B=0.3×8), the pH value of the dye solution is controlled at 7.5, and the dyeing is carried out at a temperature of 80°C for 50 minutes, and the stirring speed is 35 rpm.

[0059] Quick steaming: The dyed fabric is quick steamed at a temperature of 130°C and a pressure of 0.3 MPa for 10 minutes. The steam flow rate of the quick steaming equipment is 3 cubic meters per minute, and the conveying speed of the fabric is 1.2 meters per minute.

[0060] Post-treatment: The fabric after rapid steaming was washed with water at 45°C and then dried in an oven at 65°C for 25 minutes.

[0061] Embodiment 3:

[0062] Fabric preparation: Select a fabric composed of cotton fiber and polyester fiber in a weight ratio of 2:3, weighing 6 kg.

[0063] Pretreatment: Soak the fabric in a pretreatment solution at 60°C for 20 minutes. The pretreatment solution contains penetrant JFC at a concentration of 3 g / L (calculated by formula C1=0.5×6), softener ES at a concentration of 1.8 g / L (calculated by formula C2=0.3×6), the pH value of the pretreatment solution is controlled at 7.0, and the stirring speed is 35 rpm.

[0064] Dyeing: The pretreated fabric is placed in a dye solution containing reactive red KD-8B dye and disperse blue 2BLN dye in a volume ratio of 3:2. The concentration of reactive red KD-8B dye is 2.4 g / L (calculated by the formula C3A=0.4×6), the concentration of disperse blue 2BLN dye is 1.8 g / L (calculated by the formula C3B=0.3×6), the pH value of the dye solution is controlled at 6.5, and the dyeing is carried out at a temperature of 70°C for 40 minutes, and the stirring speed is 45 rpm.

[0065] Quick steaming: The dyed fabric is quick steamed at a temperature of 120°C and a pressure of 0.2 MPa for 5 minutes. The steam flow rate of the quick steaming equipment is 2.5 cubic meters per minute, and the conveying speed of the fabric is 0.8 meters per minute.

[0066] Post-treatment: The fabric after rapid steaming was washed with water at 35°C and then dried in an oven at 55°C for 35 minutes.

[0067] The dyed fabrics in the above three embodiments were subjected to performance tests, including color fastness (washing color fastness, rubbing color fastness), strength (breaking strength, tearing strength), fabric feel and other indicators, and the test results were organized into the following table:

[0068]

[0069]

[0070] By analyzing the table data, the following conclusions can be drawn:

[0071] In terms of color fastness, Examples 1 and 3 performed relatively well, especially the color fastness to washing reached level 4-5, and the color fastness to rubbing was also relatively good.

[0072] In terms of strength, the breaking strength and tearing strength values ​​of the three embodiments are relatively close, indicating that the dyeing process has little effect on the strength of the fabric.

[0073] In terms of hand feel, the fabrics of the three embodiments all have good hand feel, among which embodiment 3 has the best hand feel.

[0074] Analysis of the influence of different parameters on dyeing effect:

[0075] Fiber ratio: Different ratios of cotton fiber and polyester fiber will affect the fabric's water absorption, air permeability, strength and other properties, thereby indirectly affecting the dyeing effect. Generally speaking, when the cotton fiber ratio is higher, the fabric has better water absorption and air permeability, but relatively lower strength; when the polyester fiber ratio is higher, the fabric has better strength and wear resistance, but relatively poor moisture absorption performance.

[0076] Experimental data show that, within a certain range, fabrics with a higher proportion of cotton fibers have relatively good color fastness after dyeing, but may feel slightly hard; fabrics with a higher proportion of polyester fibers feel relatively soft after dyeing, but the color fastness may decrease slightly.

[0077] Pretreatment conditions: The temperature, component concentration, immersion time and pH value of the pretreatment solution will affect the surface properties of the fiber and the subsequent dyeing effect. Too high or too low temperature, too long or too short immersion time, inappropriate component concentration or pH value deviating from the optimal range may lead to poor pretreatment effect, thus affecting the uniformity and color fastness of dyeing.

[0078] For example, when the pretreatment liquid temperature is 55°C, the immersion time is 25 minutes, the concentrations of the penetrant and softener are 0.5×fabric weight (g / L) and 0.3×fabric weight (g / L) respectively, and the pH value is 6.5, the pretreatment effect is optimal, which can significantly improve the subsequent dyeing uniformity and color fastness.

[0079] Dyeing conditions: factors such as dye concentration, dyeing temperature, time, pH value and stirring speed directly affect the dye uptake and fixation rate of the dye. Too high dye concentration may lead to dye waste and increased costs, while too low dye concentration may affect the dyeing depth; inappropriate dyeing temperature and time may lead to uneven dyeing or insufficient color fastness; inappropriate pH value and stirring speed may also affect the dyeing effect.

[0080] The experiment found that under specific fiber ratios and pretreatment conditions, when the concentrations of reactive red KD-8B dye and disperse blue 2BLN dye were 0.4×fabric weight (g / L) and 0.3×fabric weight (g / L) respectively, the dyeing temperature was 75°C, the time was 45 minutes, the pH value was 7.0, and the stirring speed was 40 rpm, the dyeing effect was optimal and good color uniformity and color fastness could be achieved.

[0081] Steaming conditions: The temperature, pressure, time, steam flow rate and fabric transfer speed of steaming have important influence on the dyeing fixation effect and fabric performance. Too high or too low temperature, inappropriate pressure, too long or too short time, insufficient or excessive steam flow rate, too fast or too slow fabric transfer speed may lead to insufficient fixation or damage to fabric performance.

[0082] After many experiments, it was verified that when the rapid steaming temperature is 125°C, the pressure is 0.25MPa, the time is 8 minutes, the steam flow rate is 2 cubic meters / minute, and the fabric conveying speed is 1 meter / minute, it can achieve the best color fixing effect while ensuring the performance of the fabric, and improve the color fastness and stability of the fabric.

[0083] From the specific operation and results of the embodiment, the dyeing process shows a high degree of controllability and stability. In the pretreatment stage, the surface characteristics of the fabric are effectively improved by accurately regulating the temperature, soaking time and concentration of chemical reagents, creating favorable conditions for the subsequent dyeing process. In the dyeing stage, the careful setting of parameters such as dye type, concentration, temperature and time ensures that the dye can penetrate into the fiber evenly and deeply, achieving an ideal dyeing effect. The rapid steaming step completes the fixation of the dye in a short time, greatly improving production efficiency, while ensuring color fastness and various properties of the fabric.

[0084] In terms of performance testing, the results of the three embodiments all show that the process performs well in key indicators such as color fastness, strength and feel. The high level of washing and rubbing color fastness enables the dyed fabric to maintain bright and stable colors during use and washing, reducing the problem of fading and discoloration. In terms of strength, despite the complex chemical treatment process, the breaking strength and tearing strength of the fabric can still be maintained at a high level, proving that the process has little effect on the structure and mechanical properties of the fabric, ensuring the durability of the fabric. The good feel further improves the quality and comfort of the fabric, increasing the competitiveness of the product in the market.

[0085] In summary, the "continuous rapid steaming salt-free dyeing process" of the present invention has many significant advantages. First, it gets rid of the dependence on salt in the traditional dyeing process, reduces pollution to the environment, and meets the requirements of modern society for green and environmentally friendly production. Secondly, the continuous production method greatly improves production efficiency, reduces production costs, and can meet the needs of large-scale industrial production. Furthermore, the process can adapt to fabrics with different fiber ratios, providing possibilities for product diversity and innovation. In addition, the excellent dyeing effect and fabric performance improve the quality and added value of the product, which helps enterprises to expand the market and improve economic benefits.

[0086] The embodiments of the present invention are given for the purpose of illustration and description, and are not intended to be exhaustive or to limit the invention to the disclosed forms. Many modifications and variations will be apparent to those of ordinary skill in the art. The embodiments are selected and described in order to better illustrate the principles and practical applications of the present invention and to enable those of ordinary skill in the art to understand the present invention and thereby design various embodiments with various modifications suitable for specific uses.

Claims

1. A continuous rapid steaming salt-free dyeing process, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: S1： Pretreatment: Soak the fabric in a pretreatment solution at a temperature of T1°C for Z1 minutes. The pretreatment solution contains component A with a concentration of C1g / L and component B with a concentration of C2g / L. Component A is the penetrant JFC, and its concentration C1 is calculated by the formula C1=F1×W, where F1 is 0.5 and W is the weight of the fabric. Component B is the softener ES, and its concentration C2 is calculated by the formula C2=F2×W, where F2 is 0.3 and W is the weight of the fabric. The pH value of the pretreatment solution is controlled at PH1. S2: Dyeing: The pretreated fabric is placed in a dye solution containing a dye concentration of C3 g / L, and dyed at a temperature of T2°C for Z2 minutes, wherein the dye is a mixture of dye A and dye B in a volume ratio of K:L, K is 3:2, L is 2:3, dye A is reactive red KD-8B, and dye B is disperse blue 2BLN. S3: Rapid steaming: The dyed fabric is rapidly steamed for Z3 minutes at a temperature of T3°C and a pressure of P1. The steam flow rate of the rapid steaming equipment is Q cubic meters / minute.

2. A continuous rapid steaming salt-free dyeing process as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: The fabric is composed of cotton fiber and polyester fiber in a weight ratio of M:N, where M is 4:1 and N is 1:

4.

3. A continuous rapid steaming salt-free dyeing process as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: The pH value of the dye liquor is controlled at pH 2.

4. A continuous rapid steaming salt-free dyeing process as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: The temperature T1 is 55° C., and the soaking time Z1 is 25 minutes.

5. A continuous rapid steaming salt-free dyeing process as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: The temperature T2 is 75° C. and the dyeing time Z2 is 45 minutes.

6. A continuous rapid steaming salt-free dyeing process as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: The temperature T3 is 125° C., the pressure P1 is 0.25 MPa, and the rapid steaming time Z3 is 8 minutes.

7. A continuous rapid steaming salt-free dyeing process as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: The concentration calculation formula of the dye A is C3A=F3×W, wherein F3 is 0.4 and W is the fabric weight. The concentration calculation formula of the dye B is C3B=F4×W, wherein F4 is 0.3 and W is the fabric weight.

8. A continuous rapid steaming salt-free dyeing process as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: The stirring speed of the pretreatment liquid is R1 rpm, and the stirring speed of the dyeing liquid is R2 rpm.

9. A continuous rapid steaming salt-free dyeing process as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: The conveying speed of the fabric in the rapid steaming equipment is V m / min.

10. A continuous rapid steaming salt-free dyeing process as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: The fabric after rapid steaming is washed and dried, the washing water temperature is TW°C, the drying temperature is TD°C, and the drying time is TZ minutes.

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