Prestressed framed metal structure and forming method and application thereof

Abstract

The invention provides a prestressed framed metal structure and a forming method and application thereof, and belongs to the field of modern building materials. When a metal deformation object is in a thermal expansion state and / or a frame is in a cold shrinkage state, the periphery of the metal deformation object is restrained by the frame, and after the normal temperature is recovered, the metal deformation object is matched with the frame to generate prestress; therefore, the bearing capacity can be greatly improved and the metal consumption is reduced.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention belongs to the field of modern building materials, and in particular relates to a prestressed metal frame structure and a forming method and application thereof. Background Art

[0002] In modern architecture and structural engineering, metal materials are widely used in key areas such as supporting structures, bridges, corridors, walkways, and platforms due to their lightness and high strength. However, metal structures, especially plates and meshes, are prone to large deformation when subjected to loads perpendicular to the plate surface, resulting in the need for thicker metal plates and metal meshes in engineering and more materials. In order to solve this problem, improving the bearing capacity of the structure and reducing its cost have become technical problems that need to be solved urgently.

[0003] Since the cost of metal materials is usually high while ensuring strength in traditional structural design, how to reduce the cost of metal materials while improving the structural support capacity has become an important technical challenge. For this reason, the present invention comes into being. Summary of the invention

[0004] The object of the present invention is to provide a prestressed structure with strong bearing capacity and economical cost. To this end, the present invention first provides a prestressed metal structure with a frame, including a frame and a metal deformable object; when the metal deformable object is in a thermal expansion state and / or the frame is in a cold contraction state, the metal deformable object is constrained by the frame on all sides, and after returning to normal temperature, the metal deformable object cooperates with the frame to generate prestress.

[0005] Preferably, the metal deformable object is a metal plate or a metal mesh.

[0006] Preferably, the metal deformable object is a metal mesh plate.

[0007] Preferably, when the metal deformable object is heated and in a thermal expansion state, the metal deformable object is constrained by the frame on all sides; after the metal deformable object is cooled, it shrinks and is constrained by the frame to generate prestress, and the yield strength of the frame and the metal deformable object is greater than the prestressing strength generated by the metal deformable object.

[0008] Preferably, when the frame is cooled and is in a cold contraction state, the metal deformable object is constrained on all sides by the frame; after the frame returns to normal temperature, the metal deformable object is tensioned to generate prestress, and the yield strength of the frame and the metal deformable object is greater than the prestressing strength generated by the metal deformable object.

[0009] The present invention also provides a method for forming a prestressed metal frame structure, comprising the following steps: S1 temperature-controlled deformation: thermally expanding the metal deformable object and / or cold-contracting the frame; S2 constraint: constraining the metal deformable object with a frame on all sides; S3 normal temperature pre-tightening: the metal deformable object and the frame in the restrained state are restored to normal temperature, so that the metal deformable object cooperates with the frame to generate pre-stress.

[0010] Preferably, the thermal expansion method of the metal deformable object includes water bath heating or electric heating.

[0011] Preferably, when the frame is subjected to cold shrinkage, the frame is a metal frame.

[0012] It should be noted that the forming method of the prestressed frame metal structure does not restrict the specific temperature changes of temperature-controlled deformation. Its core principle is to generate mechanical prestress due to the thermal expansion properties of the metal deformable object. As for the temperature change rate and size during thermal expansion or cold contraction, no corresponding restrictions are imposed.

[0013] It should be further pointed out that in the present invention, the metal deformable object is preferably a steel plate or a steel mesh plate; the frame is preferably a square tube frame (made of steel); and the metal deformable object and the frame are constrained by welding. However, it is not a limitation that when the metal deformable object is constrained by the frame by thermal expansion and then cooling and shrinking, in the foreseeable development of the material field, the frame does not have to be implemented as a unique metal material, and its constraint method does not have to be welding. For example, the frame is a high-strength organic composite material and is bonded to the metal deformable object by high-strength adhesive.

[0014] The present invention also provides an application of a prestressed metal frame structure, which is applied to a supporting structure in the field of construction.

[0015] The present invention also provides a walkway plate, comprising the above-mentioned prestressed metal structure with frame; the metal deformable object is a square plate, and the frame is a square frame.

[0016] The present invention also provides a platform plate, comprising the above-mentioned prestressed metal structure with frame; the metal deformable object is a square plate, and the frame is a square frame.

[0017] The technical effects produced by the above technical solution of the present invention come from one or more of the following combinations: This technical solution uses a prestressed framed metal structure and utilizes the principle that a metal deformable object (such as a metal plate or mesh) expands when heated or the frame contracts when cooled. A frame is applied around the metal deformable object to constrain it. When the metal deformable object cools down or the frame returns to normal temperature, prestress is generated.

[0018] Combining metal deformable objects with frames can form multiple prestresses in the same space, improving the single-piece bearing capacity of the structure; secondly, through the structural design of metal plates, the bearing function of a single metal deformable object can be realized, thereby reducing the cost of a single metal plate; finally, in the supporting structure, metal deformable objects are used as bearing units, and through combination, a greater bearing capacity is formed, which reduces the dependence on a single large metal structure and reduces the overall cost. The details are as follows: Reduce deformation: After adding prestressing, the displacement of the structure when subjected to out-of-plane loads is greatly reduced, especially in the case of four-side frame supports + prestressing.

[0019] Improved stiffness: Prestressing not only reduces deformation, but also significantly increases the stiffness of the structure and reduces material usage.

[0020] Material optimization: By applying cooling prestressing, the material usage of the steel deck can be further optimized. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0021] Figure 1 The structural schematic diagram of the prestressed frame metal structure is expressed.

[0022] Figure 2 Expressed Figure 1 Cross-section view at AA.

[0023] Figure 3 The stress distribution diagram of the steel plate in Comparative Example 1 is expressed.

[0024] Figure 4 The vertical displacement distribution diagram of the steel plate in Comparative Example 1 is expressed.

[0025] Figure 5 The stress distribution diagram of the steel plate with four frame supports in Comparative Example 2 is expressed.

[0026] Figure 6 The vertical displacement distribution diagram of the steel plate with four frame supports in Comparative Example 2 is expressed.

[0027] Figure 7 The stress distribution diagram of the mesh plate with four-sided frame support in comparative example 3 is expressed.

[0028] Figure 8 The vertical displacement distribution diagram of the mesh plate with four frame supports in comparative example 3 is expressed.

[0029] Fig. 9 The vertical displacement distribution diagram of the mesh plate with four frame supports in comparative example 4 is expressed.

[0030] Fig.10 The stress distribution diagram of the prestressed frame metal structure in Example 1 is expressed.

[0031] Fig.11The vertical displacement distribution diagram of the prestressed frame metal structure in Example 1 is expressed.

[0032] Fig.12 The stress distribution diagram of the prestressed frame metal structure in Example 2 is expressed.

[0033] Fig.13 The vertical displacement distribution diagram of the prestressed frame metal structure in Example 2 is expressed.

[0034] Fig.14 The stress distribution diagram of the prestressed frame metal structure in Example 3 is expressed.

[0035] Fig.15 The vertical displacement distribution diagram of the prestressed frame metal structure in Example 3 is expressed. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0036] The following description is given to enable those skilled in the art to implement and use the invention and incorporate it into a specific application context. Various modifications, as well as various uses in different applications will be readily apparent to those skilled in the art, and the general principles defined herein are applicable to a wide range of embodiments. Thus, the present invention is not limited to the embodiments given herein, but should be granted the broadest scope consistent with the principles and novel features disclosed herein.

[0037] In the following detailed description, many specific details are set forth to provide a more thorough understanding of the present invention. However, it will be apparent to those skilled in the art that the practice of the present invention need not be limited to these specific details. In other words, known structures and devices are shown in block diagram form without detailed display to avoid obscuring the present invention.

[0038] The reader is reminded of all documents and literature filed simultaneously with this specification and open to public inspection, and the contents of all such documents and literature are incorporated herein by reference. Unless otherwise directly stated, all features disclosed in this specification (including any attached claims, abstracts and drawings) can be replaced by alternative features for achieving the same, equivalent or similar purposes. Therefore, unless otherwise explicitly stated, each feature disclosed is only an example of a group of equivalent or similar features.

[0039] Note that, where used, the symbols left, right, front, back, top, bottom, forward, reverse, clockwise and counterclockwise are used only for convenience and do not imply any specific fixed direction. In fact, they are used to reflect the relative position and / or direction between the various parts of the object. In addition, the terms "first" and "second" are used only for descriptive purposes and should not be understood as indicating or implying relative importance.

[0040] In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that, unless otherwise clearly specified and limited, the terms "installed", "connected", and "connected" should be understood in a broad sense, for example, it can be a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; it can be a mechanical connection; it can be a direct connection, or it can be indirectly connected through an intermediate medium, or it can be the internal communication of two components. For ordinary technicians in this field, the specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood according to specific circumstances.

[0041] Note that, in the case of use, further, preferably, further and more preferably are simple beginnings for explaining another embodiment based on the previous embodiment, and the content of further, preferably, further or more preferably followed by the above embodiment is combined with the previous embodiment as a complete composition of another embodiment. Several further, preferably, further or more preferably settings followed by the same embodiment can be arbitrarily combined to form another embodiment.

[0042] The present invention is described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments. Note that the aspects described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments are only exemplary and should not be construed as limiting the scope of protection of the present invention in any way.

[0043] Comparative Example 1: See also Figure 3 and Figure 4 A steel plate with a length of 700 mm, a width of 700 mm, and a thickness of 2 mm was simply supported on four sides (only the displacement in the Z direction was constrained). The stress distribution and the vertical displacement of the center point were measured when a pressure of 25 kPa was applied to the central 200 mm × 200 mm area. Figure 3 The maximum stress occurs at the corner, about 72Mpa; the vertical displacement of the center point is 8.56mm.

[0044] Comparative Example 2: See also Figure 5 and Figure 6 A steel plate with a length of 700 mm, a width of 700 mm, and a thickness of 2 mm is used as a metal deformable object for four-sided frame support. The frame adopts a 100*100 mm square tube frame with a thickness of 6 mm. The stress distribution and the vertical displacement of the center point are measured when a pressure of 25 kPa is applied to the central 200 mm×200 mm area. Figure 5 , Figure 6 The maximum stress occurs on the side, about 48MPa; the vertical displacement of the center point is 5.32mm.

[0045] Comparative Example 3: See also Figure 7 and Figure 8, take a steel plate with a length of 700mm, a width of 700mm and a thickness of 2mm as the metal deformable object, roll it into a 25*25mm square hole mesh plate with a square hole spacing of 75mm, and support it on the four sides. The frame uses a 100*100 mm square tube frame with a thickness of 6mm. The stress distribution and the vertical displacement of the center point are measured when a pressure of 25kPa is applied to the central 200mm×200mm area. Figure 7 , Figure 8 The maximum stress occurs on the side, about 65MPa; the vertical displacement of the center point is 5.66mm.

[0046] Comparative Example 4: See also Fig. 9 , a steel plate with a length of 700mm, a width of 700mm, and a thickness of 3.45mm is used as a metal deformable object for four-sided frame support. The frame adopts a 100*100 mm square tube frame with a thickness of 6mm. The stress distribution and the vertical displacement of the center point are measured when a pressure of 25kPa is applied to the central 200mm×200mm area. Fig. 9 , the vertical displacement of the center point is 2.62mm.

[0047] Embodiment 1: See also Figure 1 , Figure 2 Combined with Fig.10 and Fig.11 , take a steel plate 2 with a length of 700mm, a width of 700mm, and a thickness of 2mm as the metal deformable object, and use a 100*100 mm square tube frame 1 with a thickness of 6mm; cool the square tube frame 1 down to -40℃ under normal temperature (set at 25℃); then weld the square tube frame 1 in a state of cold contraction with the normal temperature steel plate 2 around it; after welding and restraining, the square tube frame 1 returns to normal temperature. The stress distribution and the vertical displacement of the center point measured when a pressure of 25kPa is applied to the central 200mm×200mm area are shown as follows Fig.10 , Fig.11 The maximum stress occurs at the corner, about 135MPa; the vertical displacement of the center point is 2.58mm.

[0048] Embodiment 2: See also Figure 1 , Figure 2 Combined with Fig.12 and Fig.13, take a steel plate 2 with a length of 700mm, a width of 700mm, and a thickness of 2mm as the metal deformable object, and use a 100*100 mm square tube frame 1 as the frame 1, with a thickness of 6mm; set the square tube frame 1 at room temperature (set to 25℃); then heat the room temperature steel plate 2 in a water bath to +40℃, and the steel plate 2 in a thermal expansion state is welded and constrained by the square tube frame 1 at room temperature all around; after welding and constraining, the steel plate 2 returns to room temperature. The stress distribution and the vertical displacement of the center point measured when a pressure of 25kPa is applied to the central 200mm×200mm area are as follows Fig.12 , Fig.13 The maximum stress occurs at the corner, about 135MPa; the vertical displacement of the center point is 2.63mm.

[0049] Embodiment 3: See also Figure 1 , Figure 2 Combined with Fig.14 and Fig.15 , take a steel plate 2 with a length of 700mm, a width of 700mm and a thickness of 2mm as the metal deformable object, roll it into a 25*25mm square hole mesh plate with a square hole spacing of 75mm, and support it on all four sides. Frame 1 adopts a 100*100mm square tube frame 1 with a square tube thickness of 6mm; the square tube frame 1 is set at room temperature (set to 25℃); then the room temperature mesh plate is heated in a water bath to +40℃, and the mesh plate in a thermal expansion state is welded and constrained by the square tube frame 1 at room temperature on all sides; after welding and constraining, the steel plate 2 returns to room temperature. The stress distribution and vertical displacement of the center point measured when a pressure of 25kPa is applied to the central 200mm×200mm area are as shown below Fig.14 , Fig.15 The maximum stress occurs at the corner, about 129MPa; the vertical displacement of the center point is 2.90mm.

[0050] Application examples: The prestressed metal frame structure described in the present invention is applied to the supporting structure in the construction field. Specifically, the structures described in Examples 1 to 3 are mainly applied to the supporting structure and can be used as walkway panels and platform panels in the construction field.

[0051] Product Example: The present invention provides a walkway plate, which is made of a square metal plate of a certain length and width and a square frame 1 of a size adapted thereto, and the metal plate is placed in a thermal expansion state as a metal deformable object, for example, the temperature is increased by 40°C at room temperature; or the square frame 1 is placed in a cold contraction state, for example, the temperature is decreased by 40°C at room temperature; or the metal plate is heated by 40°C at room temperature, and the square frame 1 is cooled by 40°C at room temperature. Then, the metal plate is welded and constrained by the frame 1 on all sides, and after returning to room temperature, the metal plate cooperates with the frame 1 to generate prestress. Compared with Comparative Example 2 and Examples 1 and 2, the walkway plate can provide a greater load-bearing capacity of the same thickness; or compared with Comparative Example 4 and Example 2, less material is used compared with steel plates and frame plates of the same load-bearing capacity.

[0052] It should be noted that the temperature change in this embodiment is only an example and does not have any limitation. The essence of this embodiment is to form prestress by forming thermal expansion and cold contraction of the material through temperature difference change, so there is no absolute limit on temperature.

[0053] Product Example: The present invention provides a platform plate, which is made of a square metal plate of a certain length and width and a square frame 1 of a size adapted thereto, and the metal plate is placed in a thermal expansion state as a metal deformable object, for example, the temperature is increased by 40°C at room temperature; or the square frame 1 is placed in a cold contraction state, for example, the temperature is decreased by 40°C at room temperature; or the metal plate is heated by 40°C at room temperature, and the square frame 1 is cooled by 40°C at room temperature. Then the metal plate is welded and constrained by the frame 1 on all sides, and the metal plate cooperates with the frame 1 to generate prestress after returning to room temperature. Compared with Examples 1 and 2 in Comparative Example 2, the walkway plate can provide a greater bearing capacity of the same thickness; or compared with steel plates and frame plates of the same bearing capacity in Comparative Example 4 and Example 2, less material is used.

[0054] It should be noted that the temperature change in this embodiment is only an example and does not have any limitation. The essence of this embodiment is to form prestress by forming thermal expansion and cold contraction of the material through temperature difference change, so there is no absolute limit on temperature.

[0055] Furthermore, the present invention is described in detail above in conjunction with the embodiments of the accompanying drawings, and a person skilled in the art can make various variations of the present invention according to the above description. Therefore, certain details in the embodiments should not constitute a limitation of the present invention, and the present invention shall be protected by the scope defined by the attached claims.

Claims

1. Prestressed frame metal structure, characterized in that: It includes a frame and a metal deformable object; when the metal deformable object is in a thermal expansion state and / or the frame is in a cold contraction state, the metal deformable object is constrained by the frame on all sides, and after returning to normal temperature, the metal deformable object cooperates with the frame to generate prestress.

2. The prestressed metal frame structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: The metal deformable object is a metal plate or a metal mesh.

3. The prestressed metal frame structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: The metal deformable object is a metal mesh plate.

4. The prestressed metal frame structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: When the metal deformable object is heated and in a thermal expansion state, the metal deformable object is constrained by the frame on all sides; After cooling, the metal deformable object shrinks and is constrained by the frame to generate prestress, and the yield strength of the frame and the metal deformable object is greater than the prestress generated by the metal deformable object.

5. The prestressed metal frame structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: When the frame is cooled and in a cold contraction state, the metal deformable object is constrained on all sides by the frame; After the frame returns to normal temperature, the metal deformable object is tensioned to generate prestress, and the yield strength of the frame and the metal deformable object is greater than the prestress generated by the metal deformable object.

6. The method for forming a prestressed metal frame structure according to claims 1 to 5, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: S1 temperature-controlled deformation: thermally expanding the metal deformable object and / or cold-contracting the frame; S2 constraint: constraining the metal deformable object with a frame on all sides; S3 normal temperature pre-tightening: the metal deformable object and the frame in the restrained state are restored to normal temperature, so that the metal deformable object cooperates with the frame to generate pre-stress.

7. The method for forming a prestressed metal plate according to claim 6, characterized in that: The thermal expansion method of the metal deformable object includes water bath heating or electric heating.

8. Application of the prestressed metal frame structure according to claims 1-5, characterized in that: Support structures used in the construction industry.

9. Walkway board, characterized in that, It comprises the prestressed metal frame structure as described in claim 1; the metal deformable object is a square plate, and the frame is a square frame.

10. Platform plate, characterized in that, It comprises the prestressed metal frame structure as described in claim 1; the metal deformable object is a square plate, and the frame is a square frame.

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