Targeted bag grouting method and system for tunnel deformation treatment and tunnel reinforcement structure

Abstract

The present application relates to a kind of tunnel deformation regulation target capsule grouting method, system and tunnel reinforcing structure;The method comprises: obtaining the deformation position and deformation of the tunnel to be regulated;According to the deformation position and deformation, determine the installation position of grouting bag in stratum;According to the deformation position and deformation, grouting hole is constructed, and grouting bag is installed in grouting hole;Slurry is injected into grouting bag to make grouting bag swell, and the reinforcement lifting of the tunnel to be regulated is realized by the lifting surface of grouting bag.The grouting hole is determined according to the deformation position and deformation in the present application, and grouting bag is arranged in grouting hole, and slurry fills grouting bag to realize tunnel reinforcement lifting, can accurately control the flow path, flow range, grouting volume and penetration depth of slurry, control slurry to realize targeted flow, accurately directional to tunnel and carry out reinforcement lifting.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of tunnel deformation treatment technology, and in particular to a targeted bladder grouting method, system and tunnel reinforcement structure for tunnel deformation treatment. Background Technology

[0002] After a period of operation, many subway shield tunnels experience uneven settlement or elliptic deformation due to differences in the geological strata and disturbances during operation, affecting the safety of subway operation. Currently, deformation control is often achieved through methods such as adding steel rings inside the tunnel and micro-disturbance grouting both inside and outside the tunnel. However, steel ring reinforcement has drawbacks such as high cost, difficult construction, and reduced tunnel profile space. Micro-disturbance grouting is becoming increasingly widespread, but due to factors such as high-pressure water conditions and limitations of equipment and facilities inside the tunnel, many shield tunnels can only adopt surface micro-disturbance grouting outside the tunnel. Generally, surface micro-disturbance grouting involves injecting materials such as cement and mortar into the geological structure below the tunnel to enhance the strength and stability of the strata, thereby lifting, controlling settlement, and suppressing elliptic deformation. However, in traditional grouting methods, the grout flows randomly, making it difficult to control its distribution, penetration depth, and volume, resulting in low precision. This not only affects the grouting effect but may also lead to resource waste and increased costs. Furthermore, in deep subway tunnels with large groundwater reserves, the water-cement ratio of the injected grout can be easily affected, and the grout solidification location can also be influenced by the direction of groundwater flow. This can lead to discrepancies between the grouting location and the uplift and settlement control location, making it impossible to target the specific tunnel defects. Therefore, there is an urgent need for a targeted bladder-type grouting method, system, and tunnel reinforcement structure for tunnel deformation treatment to solve these problems. Summary of the Invention

[0003] To address the aforementioned problems, this invention provides a targeted bladder-type grouting method for tunnel deformation correction, comprising the following steps:

[0004] Obtain the location and amount of deformation of the tunnel to be treated;

[0005] The installation location of the grouting bladder in the formation is determined based on the location and amount of deformation.

[0006] Construct grouting holes according to the location and amount of deformation, and install grouting bladders in the grouting holes;

[0007] Grout is injected into the grouting bladder to make it expand, and the tunnel to be treated is reinforced and lifted through the lifting surface of the grouting bladder.

[0008] Furthermore, the process of injecting grout into the grouting bladder to cause it to expand, thereby reinforcing and lifting the tunnel to be treated through the raised surface of the grouting bladder, includes:

[0009] Grout is injected into the grouting bladder, and the grout fills the grouting bladder so that the side of the grouting bladder facing the tunnel segment has a raised surface adapted to the curvature of the tunnel segment. The raised surface is adjacent to the tunnel segment and the tunnel segment is raised through the raised surface.

[0010] After the grouting bladder is filled with grout, grouting continues. The grout breaks through the blocked overflow hole on the grouting bladder and diffuses into the stratum to reinforce the stratum and control the settlement value of the tunnel segments.

[0011] Furthermore, the injection of grout into the grouting bladder specifically includes:

[0012] During the grouting process, the grouting pressure is monitored, and the grouting pressure is less than the pressure set value before the grouting bladder is filled.

[0013] After the grouting bladder is filled with grout, the grouting pressure is increased to a value greater than the set pressure, so that the grout can flush out the blocked overflow hole. The grouting flow rate and grouting time are adjusted according to the monitored grouting pressure.

[0014] Furthermore, the overflow hole is located on the side of the grouting bladder away from the tunnel segment.

[0015] Furthermore, the installation of the grouting bladder within the grouting hole specifically includes:

[0016] Based on the obtained deformation location and deformation amount, determine the length of the grouting section of the grouting pipe, the diameter and number of grout outlet holes on the grouting section, and determine the size, shape and installation position of the grouting bladder in the grouting section of the grouting pipe.

[0017] The grouting bladder is installed on the grouting section of the grouting pipe;

[0018] Insert the grouting pipe with the grouting bladder installed into the grouting hole until the grouting bladder is delivered to the set position.

[0019] Furthermore, the construction of grouting holes based on the deformation location and deformation amount specifically includes:

[0020] A set of grouting holes is provided on the left and right sides of the shield tunnel to be treated. Each grouting hole is equipped with a grouting bladder. Grout is injected into the grouting bladders on both sides of the shield tunnel to be treated simultaneously to ensure left and right balance during the lifting process of the shield tunnel to be treated.

[0021] Furthermore, the method also includes:

[0022] Stop grouting after the grout has solidified;

[0023] The grouting holes are then sealed.

[0024] On the other hand, the present invention also provides a targeted bladder grouting system for tunnel deformation treatment, comprising:

[0025] The data analysis unit is used to obtain the deformation location and amount of the shield tunnel to be treated;

[0026] The drilling unit is used to determine the drilling location based on the deformation location and deformation amount, and to construct grouting holes at the drilling location;

[0027] The grouting unit includes a grouting bladder and a grouting device for injecting grout into the grouting bladder. The grouting bladder is installed in a grouting hole, and the grouting end of the grouting device is connected to the grouting bladder.

[0028] Furthermore, the grouting bladder is provided with several overflow holes, which are located on the side of the grouting bladder away from the tunnel segment.

[0029] On the other hand, the present invention also provides a tunnel reinforcement structure, comprising:

[0030] Grouting holes;

[0031] Grouting bladder, wherein the grouting bladder is disposed inside the grouting hole;

[0032] The grouting pipe extends into the grouting hole. The grouting bladder is connected to the grouting section of the grouting pipe. The grouting bladder is filled with grout. The side of the grouting bladder facing the tunnel segment has a lifting surface.

[0033] By employing the above technical solutions, this invention has the following advantages compared to existing technologies:

[0034] 1) The targeted grouting method provided by the present invention determines the grouting hole according to the deformation location and deformation amount, and sets the grouting bladder in the grouting hole. The grout fills the grouting bladder to achieve tunnel reinforcement and lifting. It can accurately control the flow path, flow range, grouting volume and penetration depth of the grout, control the grout to achieve targeted flow, and accurately reinforce and lift the tunnel in a directional manner.

[0035] 2) The targeted bladder grouting method provided by the present invention uses grouting bladders to isolate the high pressure and water-rich environment of the formation, prevent groundwater, silt, etc. from flowing back into the grouting pipe from the grout outlet hole due to pressure difference during the pipe laying process, and does not affect the grout outlet pressure of the grout outlet hole, thereby improving the grouting effect.

[0036] 3) The targeted bladder grouting method provided by the present invention is not limited by geological conditions and can be flexibly adjusted according to the direction of grouting reinforcement as needed, so that the grout spreads in a directional manner to the designated location.

[0037] 4) The targeted bladder grouting method provided by this invention monitors pressure during the grouting process, which can clearly understand the grouting situation of the formation, realize intelligent control of the grouting process, and achieve micro-disturbance grouting effect.

[0038] 5) The targeted bladder grouting method provided by this invention performs grouting on both sides of the tunnel simultaneously, achieving a balance between tunnel convergence and uplift during the grouting process, ensuring coordinated deformation of tunnel segments, and accurately controlling tunnel settlement and correcting ellipticity in a "hand-held" manner.

[0039] 6) The targeted grouting method provided by this invention involves filling the grouting bladder with grout and continuing grouting. The grout then breaks through the overflow hole sealed on the grouting bladder and diffuses into the stratum, realizing intelligent staged grouting. This method can lift and reinforce the tunnel while also fine-tuning the lift value, enabling precise targeted control of the entire grouting process, reducing grout consumption, maximizing the efficiency of the grout, and achieving cost reduction and efficiency improvement in tunnel reinforcement, lifting, and settlement control. Attached Figure Description

[0040] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention or the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0041] Figure 1 A flowchart of the targeted bladder-type grouting method provided by the present invention;

[0042] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the targeted bladder-type grouting system provided by the present invention;

[0043] Figure 3 Schematic diagram of the grouting pipe and grouting bladder in the targeted bladder grouting system provided by the present invention. Figure 1 ;

[0044] Figure 4 Schematic diagram of the grouting pipe and grouting bladder in the targeted bladder grouting system provided by the present invention. Figure 2 .

[0045] 1-Grouting pipe; 11-Grouting outlet hole; 12-Opening direction mark; 13-Waterproof tape; 2-Grouting bladder; 21-Grouting overflow hole; 3-Grouting core pipe; 31-Grouting pressure gauge; 4-Tunnel segment; 5-Casing material. Detailed Implementation

[0046] The technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention. In the accompanying drawings, the dimensions and relative dimensions of certain parts may be enlarged for clarity.

[0047] In the description of this invention, unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited, the terms "connection" and "linked" should be interpreted broadly. For example, they can refer to a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral part; they can refer to a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; they can refer to a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium; they can refer to the internal connection of two elements or the interaction between two elements. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of the above terms in this invention based on the specific circumstances.

[0048] In the description of this invention, terms such as "upper," "lower," "left," "right," "front," and "rear," etc., refer to the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings. They are used only for ease of description and simplification of operation, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation. Therefore, they should not be construed as limitations on this invention.

[0049] Furthermore, in the description of this invention, the terms "first" and "second" are used merely for descriptive distinction and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly specifying the number of indicated technical features. Additionally, features defined with "first" and "second" may explicitly or implicitly include one or more of that feature.

[0050] Example 1

[0051] As per the instruction manual Figure 1 As shown, the invention provides a targeted bladder-type grouting method for tunnel deformation treatment, comprising the following steps:

[0052] S100: Obtain the location and amount of deformation of the tunnel to be treated;

[0053] S200: Determine the installation location of the grouting bladder in the formation based on the location and amount of deformation;

[0054] S300: Construct grouting holes according to the location and amount of deformation, and install grouting bladders in the grouting holes;

[0055] S400: Grout is injected into the grouting bladder to make the grouting bladder expand, and the reinforcement and lifting of the tunnel to be treated is achieved through the lifting surface of the grouting bladder.

[0056] Specifically, traditional surface micro-disturbance grouting technology typically employs high-pressure grouting. While this allows for rapid grouting, it lacks precise control over grout flow direction, injection volume, and reinforcement location. Subway shield tunnels have stringent deformation control standards. Due to the randomness of grout diffusion, the deformation at the grouting location is often not the maximum, making precise local control of the uplift value at the affected area impossible. This can also significantly impact tunnel segments outside the grouting hole area, easily leading to excessive uplift during subsequent grouting. Furthermore, traditional grouting devices have low adjustment accuracy and stability, failing to meet the high-precision and high-efficiency grouting requirements of shield tunnels for settlement control and uplift. In this embodiment, the deformation location and amount of the tunnel to be treated are first obtained. Then, the grouting hole location and the position of the grouting chamber within the grouting hole are determined. Real-time monitoring during the grouting process allows for precise control of the grout flow path, flow range, injection volume, and penetration depth, enabling targeted grout flow and precise directional reinforcement and uplift of the tunnel.

[0057] In one embodiment, obtaining the deformation location and amount of the tunnel to be treated specifically includes: using detection methods such as three-dimensional laser scanning, settlement deformation monitoring, and track inspection trolley to accurately determine the deformation location and amount of the shield tunnel. The deformation location includes the range, point, and direction of the deformation. Furthermore, the grouting area of ​​the tunnel to be treated is determined. By analyzing the grouting area, the amount of grout used, the diffusion range, and the expansion area can be preliminarily calculated, thereby enabling precise and controllable grouting of the tunnel to be treated.

[0058] The optimized implementation method, which involves injecting grout into the grouting bladder to cause it to expand, and then using the raised surface of the grouting bladder to reinforce and lift the tunnel to be treated, includes:

[0059] S401: Inject grout into the grouting bladder, the grout filling the grouting bladder so that the side of the grouting bladder facing the tunnel segment forms a raised surface adapted to the curvature of the tunnel segment, the raised surface being adjacent to the tunnel segment and being an arc-shaped surface, the tunnel segment being raised through the raised surface;

[0060] S402: After the grouting bladder is filled with grout, grouting continues. The grout breaks through the blocked overflow hole on the grouting bladder and diffuses into the stratum to reinforce the stratum and control the settlement value of the tunnel segments.

[0061] Specifically, the grouting bladder is preferably a flexible grouting bladder, which expands after being filled with grout. In this embodiment, as shown in the appendix to the specification... Figure 2As shown, the grouting bladder, when fully expanded, becomes a "spoon-shaped" grouting bladder, comprising a square chamber and an arc-shaped surface disposed on the square chamber. The arc-shaped surface is concave towards the chamber, and the radius of curvature of the arc-shaped surface is the same as that of the tunnel segment. The arc-shaped surface is positioned towards the tunnel segment, and the grouting bladder is an integral grouting bladder. As the amount of grout inside the grouting bladder increases, the "spoon-shaped" grouting bladder expands, thus uniformly bearing force along the curve of the shield tunnel, achieving "hand-held" targeted reinforcement and lifting, and balancing the tunnel convergence value and the lifting value. An overflow hole is provided on the side of the grouting bladder away from the arc-shaped surface. The diameter and number of the overflow holes on the grouting bladder are determined according to the grouting volume, and the diameter of the overflow hole is smaller than the diameter of the pipe for injecting grout into the grouting bladder. Before grouting, the overflow hole is sealed with waterproof sealant. When the grouting bladder expands to its maximum, grout is injected into the grouting bladder. The grout flushes out the overflow hole and spreads into the strata below the tunnel, reinforcing the strata and providing reverse thrust to lift the shield tunnel and fine-tune the settlement value.

[0062] Preferably, to achieve staged grouting, the grouting pressure is monitored in real time during the grouting process. The set grouting pressure value is the maximum pressure threshold that the waterproof sealant on the overflow hole can withstand. If the grouting pressure is lower than the set pressure value, the waterproof sealant seals the overflow hole, and the grout fills the grouting bladder when grout is injected into it. After the grouting bladder is full, grouting continues. Due to the small diameter and limited number of overflow holes, the grouting pressure gradually increases during the grouting process. The grouting pressure can be obtained through a grouting pressure gauge on the grouting core tube. When the grouting pressure rises above the set pressure value, the grout breaks through the waterproof sealant, overflows from the overflow hole, and diffuses into the strata below the tunnel, reinforcing the strata and providing reverse thrust to fine-tune the settlement control value of the shield tunnel. In the later stages of grouting, the grouting flow rate and grouting time can be intelligently controlled based on the readings of the grouting pressure gauge to ensure a micro-disturbance effect on the shield tunnel throughout the entire grouting process.

[0063] The optimized implementation method, specifically includes installing the grouting bladder at a predetermined position within the grouting hole, as follows:

[0064] Based on the obtained deformation location and deformation amount, determine the length of the grouting section of the grouting pipe, the diameter and number of grout outlet holes on the grouting section, and determine the size, shape and installation position of the grouting bladder in the grouting section of the grouting pipe.

[0065] The grouting bladder is installed on the grouting section of the grouting pipe;

[0066] Insert the grouting pipe with the grouting bladder installed into the grouting hole until the grouting bladder is delivered to the set position.

[0067] Specifically, based on the obtained deformation location and deformation amount, the grouting area can be determined, which in turn determines the length of the non-grouting section and the grouting section of the grouting pipe. The shape, size, and installation position of the grouting bladder on the grouting pipe can also be determined. Several grout outlet holes are opened on the grouting section, and the diameter and number of these holes can also be determined by the deformation location and deformation amount. The grouting bladder is tied to the grouting section of the grouting pipe with cable ties, and the grout outlet holes are connected to the inner cavity of the grouting bladder. The grouting bladder is then delivered to the grouting area of ​​the grouting hole through the grouting pipe. The grout enters the grouting bladder through the grout outlet holes of the grouting pipe. The grouting bladder can control the flow path, reaction range, and injection volume of the grout. Simultaneously, as the grout inside the grouting bladder increases, the grouting bladder gradually expands, thus uniformly bearing force along the curve of the shield tunnel, achieving a "hand-held" targeted lifting of the tunnel.

[0068] Preferably, based on the obtained deformation location and deformation amount, overflow holes are opened on the grouting bladder, and the diameter of the overflow holes is smaller than the diameter of the grout outlet holes. After the grouting bladder expands to its maximum, grouting continues, and the grout flushes out the blocked overflow holes. The grout injected into the strata below the tunnel can achieve uniform micro-disturbance and uplift of the tunnel. In this embodiment, the grout outlet holes are arranged facing the arc-shaped surface of the grouting bladder, and overflow holes sealed with waterproof adhesive are opened on the grouting bladder in the opposite direction to the grout outlet holes of the grouting pipe.

[0069] In the optimized implementation, the grout outlet holes are arranged sequentially at intervals along the axial direction of the grouting pipe. In order to ensure that the grouting bladder expands in a spoon shape, the diameter of the grout outlet holes at both ends is larger than that of the grout outlet holes in the middle section. During the grouting process, the grout flow rate at both ends of the grouting section is greater than that in the middle section, which can ensure that the two ends of the grouting bladder first fit into the tunnel.

[0070] To optimize the implementation method and ensure uniform force distribution on both sides during the lifting process of the shield tunnel, a set of grouting holes is provided on the left and right sides of the tunnel to be treated. Each grouting hole is equipped with a grouting bladder. During grouting, grout is injected into the grouting bladders on both sides of the tunnel at the same time to make the shield tunnel to be treated balanced on both sides during the lifting process, avoid misalignment and gaps between the left and right segments, and ensure the integrity of the tunnel.

[0071] In an optimized implementation, the method further includes: stopping grouting after the grout to be injected into the stratum has solidified; sealing the grouting pipe and the gap between the grouting pipe and the grouting hole. After the grouting operation is completed, the grouting pipe extending beyond the ground layer is cut off, and then the grouting pipe is sealed with concrete and coated with waterproof paint.

[0072] In this embodiment, by precisely controlling the flow path, diffusion range, grout volume, and penetration depth of the grout, the directional, positioning, quantitative, and controllable phased intelligent targeted control of the grouting process for the settlement control and reinforcement of shield tunnels is achieved. This enables full control over the grouting process, allowing for intelligent adjustment of grout flow and pressure based on pressure gauge readings reflecting the grouting status of the strata. It also achieves a balance between tunnel lifting and convergence, addressing both settlement and ellipticity simultaneously, precisely utilizing grouting materials, reducing engineering costs, and achieving cost reduction and efficiency improvement.

[0073] Example 2

[0074] The present invention also provides a targeted bladder-type grouting system for tunnel deformation treatment, used to implement the grouting method in Example 1, the system comprising:

[0075] The data analysis unit is used to obtain the deformation location and amount of the shield tunnel to be treated;

[0076] The drilling unit is used to determine the drilling location based on the deformation location and deformation amount, and to construct grouting holes at the drilling location;

[0077] The grouting unit includes a grouting bladder 2 and a grouting device for injecting grout into the grouting bladder 2. The grouting bladder 2 is installed in the grouting hole, and the grouting end of the grouting device is connected to the grouting bladder 2 for injecting grout into the grouting bladder 2.

[0078] In an optimized implementation, the grouting unit further includes a grouting pipe 1, which is a sleeve valve pipe made of PVC pipe. It can be assembled from several unit pipes, allowing for the creation of grouting pipes 1 of varying lengths as needed. Sealing and waterproof tape 13 is used at the joints between the unit pipes. The grouting pipe 1 includes a grouting section and a non-grouting section, with the grouting section located below the non-grouting section. The grouting bladder 2 is installed on the grouting section of the grouting pipe 1. After inserting the grouting pipe 1 into the grouting hole, the grouting section is located in the grouting area. The inner cavity of the grouting pipe 1 communicates with the grouting bladder 2, and the grouting core tube 3 of the grouting device extends into the grouting pipe 1 to inject grout.

[0079] Preferably, the grouting section has multiple grout outlet holes 11 along the axial direction of the grouting pipe 1. The diameter of the grout outlet holes 11 at both ends is larger than that of the middle grout outlet hole 11. The grout outlet holes 11 are connected to the chamber of the grouting bladder 2, and the grout can enter the grouting bladder 2 through the grout outlet holes 11. After expansion, the grouting bladder 2 becomes a spoon-shaped grouting bladder, and its arc-shaped surface faces the tunnel segment 4. When the grouting bladder 2 is installed on the grouting section, the grout outlet holes 11 should be set facing the arc-shaped surface, and the grout outlet holes 11 at both ends correspond to the two ends of the grouting bladder 2, respectively.

[0080] Preferably, in order to facilitate the identification of the location of the grout outlet 11, the upper end of the grouting pipe is provided with an opening direction mark 12. The opening direction mark 12 is located on one side of the opening of the grout outlet 11 and is located on the ground. During the lowering of the grouting pipe 1, it can ensure that the grout outlet 11 and the grouting bladder 2 in the grouting hole are accurately positioned.

[0081] Preferably, the grouting bladder 2 has a plurality of overflow holes 21, which are located on the side of the grouting bladder 2 away from the tunnel segment 4. The grout outlet hole 11 and the overflow hole 21 are located on both sides of the axis of the grouting pipe 1, and the diameter of the overflow hole 21 is smaller than the diameter of the outlet hole 11.

[0082] Preferably, the grouting core tube is equipped with a grouting pressure gauge 4 for monitoring the grouting pressure, and the grouting flow rate, grouting pressure and grouting time can be adjusted according to the pressure monitoring value.

[0083] Preferably, after inserting the grouting pipe 1 with the grouting bladder 2 into the grouting hole, the grouting hole is sealed with the casing material 5 to ensure the grouting state.

[0084] Preferably, a set of grouting holes is set on the left and right sides of the tunnel respectively. Each grouting hole is equipped with a grouting pipe 1 and a grouting bladder 2. The two sets of grouting holes are set symmetrically and grouting is carried out at the same time to achieve left and right balance of shield tunnel deformation during grouting. This ensures that the tunnel is always under uniform left and right stress during grouting, avoids misalignment and separation of the left and right segments, and ensures the integrity of the tunnel.

[0085] Example 3

[0086] The present invention also provides a tunnel reinforcement structure, comprising:

[0087] Grouting holes;

[0088] Grouting bladder, wherein the grouting bladder is disposed inside the grouting hole;

[0089] The grouting pipe extends into the grouting hole. The grouting bladder is connected to the grouting section of the grouting pipe. The grouting bladder is filled with grout. The side of the grouting bladder facing the tunnel segment has a lifting surface.

[0090] The effects of the targeted bladder injection method provided by the present invention will be illustrated below through specific implementation methods.

[0091] Based on the tunnel's burial depth, location, and deformation, the grouting area, the length of the grouting section of the grouting pipe, the size of the grouting bladder, and its installation position on the grouting pipe are determined. First, a symmetrical inclined pilot hole is drilled to the predetermined tunnel depth (approximately 45m). The inclination angle can be calculated and adjusted according to the actual conditions of the tunnel. Then, a sleeve valve pipe with a spoon-shaped grouting bladder and differentially perforated openings is lowered into the grouting hole. The sleeve valve pipe is assembled from multiple 6m long PVC pipes. The grout outlet holes of the sleeve valve pipe are processed at the surface. A single row of vertically perforated grout outlet holes 11 with varying diameters is opened in the grouting section, and the opening direction 12 is marked on the sleeve valve pipe opening according to the position of the grout outlet holes 11. (See attached instruction manual). Figure 3 As shown, there are four grout outlet holes 11, all with the same opening direction. The diameter of the first and last two grout outlet holes is 8mm, and the diameter of the two middle grout outlet holes is 5mm. An opening direction mark 12 is set on the sleeve valve pipe opening according to the opening direction of the grout outlet holes. Grouting bladders 2, designed according to the tunnel dimensions, are tied according to the grout outlet hole positions. The dimensions of grouting bladders 2 are calculated based on the circular dimensions of the tunnel to ensure that the "spoon-shaped" structure of the grouting bladder after filling can conform to the tunnel for "hand-held" lifting and settlement control, as well as elliptic treatment. (See attached instruction manual.) Figure 4 As shown, overflow holes 21 on the grouting bladder 2 are arranged in the opposite direction to the grout outlet hole. The diameter of the overflow hole is 2mm. The overflow holes 21 are arranged in an array, with 5 overflow holes arranged horizontally and 4 overflow holes arranged vertically. This ensures that the grout can be sprayed and diffused into the formation after the grouting bladder is filled. While forming a stone body, it can also provide a reaction force to target and lift the formation.

[0092] After the sleeve valve pipe is lowered, casing material 5 is poured around the pipe to seal the grouting hole and ensure its condition. Once the casing material 5 meets the strength requirements, the grouting core pipe 3 with a grout stop plug can be lowered for grouting. The grouting core pipe 3 is connected to a grouting pressure gauge 31, which can monitor the grouting pressure in real time and adjust the grouting flow rate, grouting pressure, and grouting time based on the monitored pressure.

[0093] Those skilled in the art will understand that the present invention can be implemented in many other specific forms without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention. Although embodiments of the invention have been described, it should be understood that the invention is not limited to these embodiments, and those skilled in the art can make changes and modifications within the spirit and scope of the invention as defined in the appended claims.

Claims

1. A targeted bladder-type grouting method for tunnel deformation treatment, characterized in that, Includes the following steps: Obtain the location and amount of deformation of the tunnel to be treated; The installation location of the grouting bladder in the formation is determined based on the location and amount of deformation. Grouting holes are constructed according to the deformation location and deformation amount. A set of grouting holes is set on the left and right sides of the shield tunnel to be treated, and grouting bladders are installed in the grouting holes. Grout is simultaneously injected into the grouting bladders on both sides of the shield tunnel to be treated, causing the bladders to expand and ensuring left-right balance during the lifting process. The lifting surface of the grouting bladders achieves reinforcement and lifting of the tunnel. Grout is injected into the grouting bladders, filling them so that the side of the grouting bladder facing the tunnel segment has a lifting surface adapted to the curvature of the tunnel segment. The lifting surface is adjacent to the tunnel segment, and the tunnel segment is lifted through the lifting surface. The grouting bladder is spoon-shaped, and the spoon-shaped structure after filling the grouting bladder can conform to the tunnel for hand-held lifting, settlement control, and elliptic treatment. After the grouting bladder is filled with grout, grouting continues. The grout breaks through the sealed overflow holes on the grouting bladder and diffuses into the strata to reinforce the strata and regulate the lifting and settlement control value of the tunnel segment. The overflow hole is located on the side of the grouting bladder away from the tunnel segment, and the diameter of the overflow hole is smaller than the diameter of the grout outlet hole on the grouting pipe. The grout outlet holes on the grouting pipe are arranged sequentially at intervals along the axial direction of the grouting pipe. The diameter of the grout outlet holes at both ends is larger than that of the grout outlet holes in the middle section. During the grouting process, the grout flow rate at both ends of the grouting section is greater than that in the middle section, ensuring that the two ends of the grouting bladder first fit into the tunnel.

2. The targeted bladder grouting method for tunnel deformation treatment according to claim 1, characterized in that, The injection of grout into the grouting bladder specifically includes: During the grouting process, the grouting pressure is monitored, and the grouting pressure is less than the pressure set value before the grouting bladder is filled. After the grouting bladder is filled with grout, the grouting pressure is increased to a value greater than the set pressure, so that the grout can flush out the blocked overflow hole. The grouting flow rate and grouting time are adjusted according to the monitored grouting pressure.

3. The targeted bladder grouting method for tunnel deformation treatment according to claim 1, characterized in that, The installation of the grouting bladder in the grouting hole specifically includes: Based on the obtained deformation location and deformation amount, determine the length of the grouting section of the grouting pipe, the diameter and number of grout outlet holes on the grouting section, and determine the size, shape and installation position of the grouting bladder in the grouting section of the grouting pipe. The grouting bladder is installed on the grouting section of the grouting pipe; Insert the grouting pipe with the grouting bladder installed into the grouting hole until the grouting bladder is delivered to the set position.

4. The targeted bladder grouting method for tunnel deformation treatment according to claim 1, characterized in that, The method further includes: Stop grouting after the grout has solidified; The grouting holes are then sealed.

5. The system of the targeted bladder grouting method for tunnel deformation treatment according to any one of claims 1-4, characterized in that, include: The data analysis unit is used to obtain the deformation location and amount of the shield tunnel to be treated; The drilling unit is used to determine the drilling location based on the deformation location and deformation amount, and to construct grouting holes at the drilling location; The grouting unit includes a grouting bladder and a grouting device for injecting grout into the grouting bladder. The grouting bladder is installed in a grouting hole. The grouting end of the grouting device is connected to the grouting bladder. The grouting bladder has several overflow holes, which are located on the side of the grouting bladder away from the tunnel segment.

6. The tunnel reinforcement structure of the targeted bladder grouting method for tunnel deformation treatment according to any one of claims 1-4, characterized in that, include: Grouting holes; Grouting bladder, wherein the grouting bladder is disposed inside the grouting hole; The grouting pipe extends into the grouting hole. The grouting bladder is connected to the grouting section of the grouting pipe. The grouting bladder is filled with grout. The side of the grouting bladder facing the tunnel segment has a lifting surface. The side of the grouting bladder away from the tunnel segment is filled with grout.

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