River depth measuring device for land surveying and mapping and use method thereof

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of depth measurement, and discloses a river depth measuring device for land surveying and mapping and a use method thereof, the river depth measuring device comprises a floating plate, the top of the floating plate is provided with a through circular groove, the river depth measuring device also comprises a winding roller, the winding roller is rotatably installed on the top of the floating plate, and a connecting rope is wound on the winding roller; the detection assembly is arranged in the circular groove, and the detection assembly is used for detecting whether the connecting rope is inclined or not; the grounding assembly is arranged below the floating plate, the grounding assembly is further connected with the tail end of the connecting rope, and the grounding assembly is used for detecting whether the grounding assembly reaches the bottom of the river or not; and the correcting assembly is used for correcting the inclined connecting rope. According to the invention, when the depth of the river channel is measured, whether the connecting rope is inclined or not is detected, and the floating plate is automatically driven to move after the inclination of the connecting rope is detected synchronously, so that the connecting rope is vertical, the length reading of the connecting rope is accurate after the cylinder body touches the bottom, and the accuracy of measuring the depth of the river channel is further improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of depth measurement, and in particular to a river ditch depth measurement device for land surveying and mapping and a use method thereof. Background Art

[0002] Scouring and silting often occur in natural rivers, which are prone to water disasters and hinder the development of water conservancy. In order to meet the requirements of eliminating hazards and promoting benefits, appropriate measures must be taken to regulate the river channel. In the process of river channel regulation, various data of the river channel need to be surveyed and mapped in advance, including the measurement of the river channel depth.

[0003] Although the current ditch depth measuring device for land surveying can measure the depth of the ditch by a sounding hammer, during the measurement, the connecting rope on the sounding hammer will be skewed due to the flow of water in the river, resulting in inaccurate measurement of the ditch depth, which reduces the accuracy of the measurement. Therefore, it is urgent to design a ditch depth measuring device for land surveying. Summary of the invention

[0004] The purpose of the present invention is to solve the problems existing in the prior art and to propose a river ditch depth measuring device for land surveying and a method of using the same.

[0005] In order to achieve the above object, the present invention adopts the following technical solutions: A river ditch depth measuring device for land surveying and mapping comprises a floating plate, a circular groove penetrating the top of the floating plate, and further comprises: A winding roller, which is rotatably mounted on the top of the floating plate and is wound with a connecting rope; A detection component is arranged inside the circular groove and is used to detect whether the connecting rope is skewed; A bottoming component is arranged below the floating plate and is also connected to the end of the connecting rope. The bottoming component is used to detect whether the bottom of the ditch has been reached; The correction component is arranged on the floating board and is used to correct the crooked connecting rope.

[0006] As a further technical solution of the present invention, the bottoming assembly includes: a cylinder, which is fixedly installed at the end of the connecting rope, and a first contact piece is fixed on the top of the cylinder, and a second contact piece is slidably arranged inside the cylinder, and the second contact piece is located below the first contact piece.

[0007] As a further technical solution of the present invention, a chassis is horizontally arranged below the cylinder, and a connecting rod is vertically fixedly installed at the center of the top of the chassis, the top of the connecting rod is fixedly installed on the bottom of the second contact piece, and the surface of the connecting rod is slidingly arranged on the inner wall of the bottom of the cylinder through a spline, and a straight spring is sleeved on the surface of the connecting rod, and the two ends of the two straight springs are respectively installed on the inner bottom of the cylinder at the bottom of the second contact piece.

[0008] As a further technical solution of the present invention, a first motor is installed on the top of the floating plate, and the output shaft of the first motor is installed at the center of the end face of the winding roller. When the first contact piece and the second contact piece are in contact, radio waves can be emitted to control the first motor. A limit plate is fixedly installed horizontally on the top of the floating plate, and a through hole is opened on the limit plate for the connecting rope to pass through.

[0009] As a further technical solution of the present invention, the detection component includes: a first spring rod, there are multiple first spring rods, and the multiple first spring rods are evenly fixedly installed on the inner wall of the circular groove in a ring shape, the fixed end and the telescopic end of each first spring rod are connected by a spline sliding connection, and the telescopic end of each first spring rod is vertically fixedly installed with an arc plate, and the fixed end and the telescopic end of the first spring rod are respectively fixedly installed with a copper block and a copper bar.

[0010] As a further technical solution of the present invention, the correction component includes: a large gear and a correction mechanism. The large gear is rotatably arranged under the floating plate, and a shaft rod that rotates on the bottom of the floating plate is fixedly installed at the top center of the large gear. A second motor connected to the shaft rod is installed on the top of the floating plate. There are multiple correction mechanisms, and the multiple correction mechanisms are evenly distributed in a ring shape around the large gear.

[0011] As a further technical solution of the present invention, the correction mechanism includes: an impeller, which is rotatably arranged under the floating plate, a mounting plate is rotatably installed on the side of the impeller, and the top of the mounting plate is fixedly installed on the bottom of the floating plate, a second spring rod is fixedly installed on the side of the impeller away from the mounting plate, and the fixed end and the telescopic end of the second spring rod are slidably connected by a spline, an electromagnet is fixedly sleeved on the surface of the fixed end of the second spring rod, and the corresponding electromagnet is electrically connected to the corresponding copper block and copper bar.

[0012] As a further technical solution of the present invention, the telescopic end of the second spring rod is fixedly installed with a first bevel gear, and the bottom of the first bevel gear is meshed with a second bevel gear, the bottom of the second bevel gear is fixedly installed with a pinion gear, and when the pinion gear and the large gear are in contact, the pinion gear and the large gear are meshed, the telescopic end of the second spring rod is fixedly sleeved with a magnet disk, and the electromagnet repels magnetically from the magnet disk when energized.

[0013] As a further technical solution of the present invention, an L-shaped frame is rotatably sleeved on the telescopic end surface of the second spring rod, and a rotating shaft is vertically rotatably installed on the bottom of the horizontal side of the L-shaped frame, and the end of the rotating shaft is fixedly installed at the top center of the second bevel gear, a sliding groove is opened at the bottom of the floating plate, and a sliding block is slidably installed inside the sliding groove, a fixing rod is vertically fixedly installed at the bottom of the sliding block, and the end of the fixing rod is fixedly installed at the top of the horizontal side of the L-shaped frame.

[0014] A method for using a ditch depth measuring device for land surveying and mapping comprises the following steps: S1: First, place the floating plate on the liquid surface of the river ditch to be measured, and then start the first motor and the second motor. The second motor drives the shaft to rotate, and the shaft rotation drives the large gear to rotate. The first motor drives the winding roller to rotate to release the connecting rope. As the connecting rope is released, the cylinder and the chassis will move downward; S2: When the chassis contacts the bottom of the ditch, the cylinder will continue to move downward, and the cylinder will drive the first contact piece to move downward, and further the first contact piece and the second contact piece may be contacted, at which time the first motor will stop working, and finally the length of the line released by the connecting rope can be read; S3: In addition, when the winding roller is releasing the connecting rope, the water in the ditch will cause the connecting rope to be skewed and the winding roller to be non-vertical. The skewed connecting rope will cause the corresponding arc plate to move. The movement of the arc plate will drive the telescopic end of the spring rod and the copper bar to move, and the first spring rod will generate elastic force. Then the copper bar and the copper block will contact to make the electromagnet work. Since the magnet disk and the working electromagnet repel each other, the electromagnet will move the magnet disk away from the impeller after working. The movement of the magnet disk drives the telescopic end of the second spring rod and the first bevel gear to move. The movement of the telescopic end of the second spring rod drives the L-shaped frame to move. The movement of the L-shaped frame drives the rotating shaft and the fixed rod Movement, due to the setting of the slide groove and the slider, the movement direction of the L-shaped frame is stable, the movement of the rotating shaft drives the second bevel gear and the small gear to move, so as to achieve the meshing of the small gear and the large gear, and the further rotating large gear will drive the small gear to rotate, the rotation of the small gear drives the second bevel gear to rotate, the rotation of the second bevel gear drives the first bevel gear to rotate, the rotation of the first bevel gear drives the second spring rod to rotate, the rotation of the second spring rod drives the impeller to rotate, and the rotation of the impeller will move the floating plate towards the cylinder to achieve the verticality between the winding roller and the connecting rope, ensuring the accurate reading of the connecting rope after the cylinder touches the bottom, and no additional manual operation is required throughout the process; S4: As the floating plate moves, the connecting rope will become straight and no longer skewed. At this time, the connecting rope no longer has a force on the arc plate, and the elastic force generated by the first spring rod will reset the arc plate, the copper block and the copper bar will no longer be in contact, and the corresponding small gear will also reset and no longer mesh with the large gear. In summary, the skewed state of the connecting rope can be automatically adjusted when measuring the depth of the ditch.

[0015] The beneficial effects of the present invention are: Firstly, the present invention can detect whether the connecting rope is skewed when measuring the depth of the ditch by setting the correction component and the detection component, and automatically drive the floating plate to move after detecting the skewness of the connecting rope, so as to realize the verticality of the connecting rope, thereby ensuring the accurate reading of the length of the connecting rope after the cylinder touches the bottom, thereby improving the accuracy of the measurement of the ditch depth; Secondly, the present invention, through the setting of the bottom-contacting assembly, can make the first contact piece and the second contact piece contact each other to emit radio waves to control the first motor to stop working after the chassis contacts the bottom of the ditch, thereby avoiding the situation where the connecting rope is paid out too long, thereby improving the effect of the device on ditch depth measurement. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0016] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a river ditch depth measuring device for land surveying and mapping proposed by the present invention; Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a river ditch depth measuring device for land surveying and mapping proposed by the present invention when viewed from above; Figure 3 for Figure 2 A magnified schematic diagram of part A; Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the cross-sectional structure of a cylinder of a river ditch depth measuring device for land surveying and mapping proposed by the present invention; Figure 5 for Figure 4 A magnified schematic diagram of part B; Figure 6 This is a schematic structural diagram of a ditch depth measuring device for land surveying and mapping proposed by the present invention after removing the floating plate; Figure 7 A schematic diagram of an impeller and a connection structure of a ditch depth measuring device for land surveying and mapping proposed by the present invention; Figure 8 The present invention provides a schematic diagram of a second spring rod and its connection structure of a ditch depth measuring device for land surveying.

[0017] In the figure: 1. floating plate; 2. winding roller; 3. connecting rope; 4. first motor; 5. limiting plate; 6. second motor; 7. impeller; 8. cylinder; 9. chassis; 10. first contact piece; 11. second contact piece; 12. connecting rod; 13. straight spring; 14. slide groove; 15. slider; 16. mounting plate; 17. first spring rod; 18. arc plate; 19. copper block; 20. copper bar; 21. large gear; 22. shaft rod; 23. second spring rod; 24. L-shaped frame; 25. fixing rod; 26. first bevel gear; 27. second bevel gear; 28. small gear; 29. ​​rotating shaft; 30. electromagnet; 31. magnet disk. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0018] In order to make the technical means, creative features, objectives and effects achieved by the present invention easy to understand, the present invention is further explained below in conjunction with specific implementation methods.

[0019] The following will be combined with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention to clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0020] Please see attached Figure 1 -Attached Figure 8 A river ditch depth measuring device for land surveying and mapping comprises a floating plate 1, a circular groove penetrating the top of the floating plate 1, and further comprises: a winding roller 2, a detection component, a bottoming component and a correction component, the winding roller 2 is rotatably mounted on the top of the floating plate 1, and a connecting rope 3 is wound around the winding roller 2, the detection component is arranged inside the circular groove, and the detection component is used to detect whether the connecting rope 3 is skewed, the bottoming component is arranged below the floating plate 1, and the bottoming component is also connected to the end of the connecting rope 3, the bottoming component is used to detect whether the bottom of the river ditch has been reached, and the correction component is arranged on the floating plate 1, and the correction component is used to correct the skewed connecting rope 3; As described above, when measuring the depth of the ditch, it is possible to detect whether the connecting rope 3 is skewed, and synchronously automatically drive the floating plate 1 to move after detecting that the connecting rope 3 is skewed, so as to realize the verticality of the connecting rope 3, thereby ensuring that the length reading of the connecting rope 3 is accurate after the cylinder 8 touches the bottom.

[0021] Please see attached Figure 1 -Attached Figure 4 In a preferred embodiment, the bottoming assembly includes: a cylinder 8, the cylinder 8 is fixedly installed at the end of the connecting rope 3, and a first contact piece 10 is fixed at the top of the cylinder 8, a second contact piece 11 is slidably arranged inside the cylinder 8, and the second contact piece 11 is located below the first contact piece 10, a chassis 9 is horizontally arranged below the cylinder 8, and a connecting rod 12 is vertically fixedly installed at the center of the top of the chassis 9, the top of the connecting rod 12 is fixedly installed at the bottom of the second contact piece 11, and the surface of the connecting rod 12 is slidably arranged in the inner wall of the bottom of the cylinder 8 through a spline, and a straight spring 13 is sleeved on the surface of the connecting rod 12, and the two ends of the two straight springs 13 are respectively installed at the bottom of the cylinder 8 at the bottom of the second contact piece 11, a first motor 4 is installed on the top of the floating plate 1, and the output shaft of the first motor 4 is installed at the center of the end face of the winding roller 2, and the first contact piece 10 and the second contact piece 11 can emit radio waves to control the first motor 4 when they are in contact, and a limit plate 5 is horizontally fixedly installed on the top of the floating plate 1, and a through hole for the connecting rope 3 to pass through is opened on the limit plate 5; Specifically, after the chassis 9 contacts the bottom of the ditch, the cylinder 8 will continue to move downward, and the cylinder 8 will drive the first contact piece 10 to move downward, and further the first contact piece 10 and the second contact piece 11 may contact each other, at which time the radio wave controls the first motor 4 to stop working.

[0022] Please see attached Figure 1 -Attached Figure 6 In a preferred embodiment, the detection assembly includes: a first spring rod 17, there are multiple first spring rods 17, and the multiple first spring rods 17 are evenly fixedly installed on the inner wall of the circular groove in an annular shape, the fixed end and the telescopic end of each first spring rod 17 are connected by spline sliding, and the telescopic end of each first spring rod 17 is vertically fixedly installed with an arc plate 18, and the fixed end and the telescopic end of the first spring rod 17 are respectively fixedly installed with a copper block 19 and a copper bar 20; Furthermore, when measuring the depth of a ditch, the water in the ditch will cause the connecting rope 3 to be skewed and the winding roller 2 to be non-vertical. The skewness of the connecting rope 3 will cause the corresponding arc plate 18 to move. The movement of the arc plate 18 will drive the telescopic end of the spring rod and the copper bar 20 to move and cause the first spring rod 17 to generate elastic force. Then the copper bar 20 and the copper block 19 will contact to make the electromagnet 30 work, thereby detecting whether the connecting rope 3 is skewed.

[0023] Please see attached Figure 1 -Attached Figure 8In a preferred embodiment, the correction component includes: a large gear 21 and a correction mechanism, the large gear 21 is rotatably arranged under the floating plate 1, and a shaft 22 that rotates on the bottom of the floating plate 1 is fixedly installed at the center of the top of the large gear 21, and a second motor 6 connected to the shaft 22 is installed on the top of the floating plate 1. There are multiple correction mechanisms, and the multiple correction mechanisms are evenly distributed around the large gear 21 in a ring shape. The correction mechanism includes: an impeller 7, the impeller 7 is rotatably arranged under the floating plate 1, a mounting plate 16 is rotatably installed on the side of the impeller 7, and the top of the mounting plate 16 is fixedly installed on the bottom of the floating plate 1, and a second spring rod 23 is fixedly installed on the side of the impeller 7 away from the mounting plate 16, and the fixed end and the telescopic end of the second spring rod 23 are slidably connected by a spline, and an electromagnet 30 is fixedly sleeved on the surface of the fixed end of the second spring rod 23, and the corresponding electromagnet 30 is connected to the corresponding copper block 19 and copper bar 2 0 electrical connection, the telescopic end of the second spring rod 23 is fixedly installed with a first bevel gear 26, and the bottom of the first bevel gear 26 is meshed with a second bevel gear 27, the bottom of the second bevel gear 27 is fixedly installed with a small gear 28, and when the small gear 28 contacts the large gear 21, the small gear 28 and the large gear 21 are meshed, the telescopic end of the second spring rod 23 is fixedly sleeved with a magnet disk 31, and the electromagnet 30 is magnetically repelled from the magnet disk 31 after being energized, the telescopic end surface of the second spring rod 23 is rotatably sleeved with an L-shaped frame 24, and a rotating shaft 29 is vertically rotatably installed at the bottom of the horizontal side of the L-shaped frame 24, and the end of the rotating shaft 29 is fixedly installed at the top center of the second bevel gear 27, a sliding groove 14 is opened at the bottom of the floating plate 1, and a slider 15 is slidably installed inside the sliding groove 14, a fixed rod 25 is vertically fixedly installed at the bottom of the slider 15, and the end of the fixed rod 25 is fixedly installed at the top of the horizontal side of the L-shaped frame 24; Preferably, the second spring rod 23 rotates to drive the impeller 7 to rotate, and the rotation of the impeller 7 causes the floating plate 1 to move toward the cylinder 8 to achieve verticality between the winding roller 2 and the connecting rope 3, thereby ensuring accurate reading of the connecting rope 3 after the cylinder 8 touches the bottom.

[0024] The working principle of the present invention is as follows: first, the floating plate 1 is placed on the liquid surface of the river ditch to be measured, and then the first motor 4 and the second motor 6 are started. The second motor 6 drives the shaft 22 to rotate, and the shaft 22 rotates to drive the large gear 21 to rotate. The first motor 4 drives the winding roller 2 to rotate to realize the release of the connecting rope 3. As the connecting rope 3 is released, the release cylinder 8 and the chassis 9 will move downward; When the chassis 9 contacts the bottom of the ditch, the cylinder 8 will continue to move downward, and the cylinder 8 will drive the first contact piece 10 to move downward, and further the first contact piece 10 and the second contact piece 11 can be contacted, at which time the radio wave controls the first motor 4 to stop working, and finally the length of the line released by the connecting rope 3 can be read; In addition, when the winding roller 2 is releasing the connecting rope 3, the water in the ditch will cause the connecting rope 3 to be skewed and the winding roller 2 to be non-vertical. The skew of the connecting rope 3 will cause the corresponding arc plate 18 to move. The movement of the arc plate 18 drives the telescopic end of the spring rod and the copper bar 20 to move and causes the first spring rod 17 to generate elastic force, then the copper bar 20 and the copper block 19 will contact to make the electromagnet 30 work. Since the magnet disk 31 and the working electromagnet 30 magnetically repel each other, the electromagnet 30 will cause the magnet disk 31 to move away from the impeller 7 after working. The movement of the magnet disk 31 drives the telescopic end of the second spring rod 23 and the first bevel gear 26 to move. The movement of the telescopic end of the second spring rod 23 drives the L-shaped frame 24 to move. The movement of the L-shaped frame 24 drives the rotating shaft 29 and the fixed rod 25 Movement, due to the arrangement of the slide groove 14 and the slider 15, the movement direction of the L-shaped frame 24 is stable, the movement of the rotating shaft 29 drives the second bevel gear 27 and the small gear 28 to move, so as to achieve the meshing of the small gear 28 and the large gear 21, and the further rotating large gear 21 will drive the small gear 28 to rotate, the rotation of the small gear 28 drives the second bevel gear 27 to rotate, the rotation of the second bevel gear 27 drives the first bevel gear 26 to rotate, the rotation of the first bevel gear 26 drives the second spring rod 23 to rotate, the rotation of the second spring rod 23 drives the impeller 7 to rotate, and the rotation of the impeller 7 will cause the floating plate 1 to move in the direction close to the cylinder 8, so as to achieve the verticality between the winding roller 2 and the connecting rope 3, thereby ensuring the accurate reading of the connecting rope 3 after the cylinder 8 touches the bottom, and no additional manual operation is required throughout the process; As the floating plate 1 moves, the connecting rope 3 will become straight and no longer skewed. At this time, the connecting rope 3 no longer has an acting force on the arc plate 18, and the elastic force generated by the first spring rod 17 will reset the arc plate 18, and the copper block 19 and the copper bar 20 will no longer be in contact. The corresponding small gear 28 will also reset and no longer mesh with the large gear 21. In summary, the skewed state of the connecting rope 3 can be automatically adjusted when measuring the depth of the ditch, thereby improving the use effect of the equipment.

[0025] In addition, it should be understood that although the present specification is described according to implementation modes, not every implementation mode contains only one independent technical solution. This description of the specification is only for the sake of clarity. Those skilled in the art should regard the specification as a whole. The technical solutions in each embodiment may also be appropriately combined to form other implementation modes that can be understood by those skilled in the art.

Claims

1. A river ditch depth measuring device for land surveying and mapping, comprising a floating plate (1), wherein a circular groove is provided on the top of the floating plate (1), and wherein: Also includes: A winding roller (2), the winding roller (2) being rotatably mounted on the top of the floating plate (1), and a connecting rope (3) being wound around the winding roller (2); A detection component, the detection component is arranged inside the circular groove, and the detection component is used to detect whether the connecting rope (3) is skewed; A bottoming component, the bottoming component is arranged below the floating plate (1), and the bottoming component is also connected to the end of the connecting rope (3), and the bottoming component is used to detect whether the bottom of the ditch has been reached; A correction component is arranged on the floating plate (1), and the correction component is used to correct the skewed connecting rope (3).

2. A ditch depth measuring device for land surveying and mapping according to claim 1, characterized in that: The bottoming assembly comprises: a cylinder (8), the cylinder (8) being fixedly mounted on the end of the connecting rope (3), and a first contact piece (10) being fixed on the top of the cylinder (8), and a second contact piece (11) being slidably arranged inside the cylinder (8), and the second contact piece (11) being located below the first contact piece (10).

3. A ditch depth measuring device for land surveying and mapping according to claim 2, characterized in that: A chassis (9) is horizontally arranged below the cylinder (8), and a connecting rod (12) is vertically fixedly installed at the center of the top of the chassis (9), the top of the connecting rod (12) is fixedly installed at the bottom of the second contact piece (11), and the surface of the connecting rod (12) is slidably arranged in the inner wall of the bottom of the cylinder (8) through a spline, and a straight spring (13) is sleeved on the surface of the connecting rod (12), and the two ends of the two straight springs (13) are respectively installed at the bottom of the cylinder (8) at the bottom of the second contact piece (11).

4. A ditch depth measuring device for land surveying and mapping according to claim 3, characterized in that: A first motor (4) is mounted on the top of the floating plate (1), and an output shaft of the first motor (4) is mounted at the center of the end surface of the winding roller (2); when the first contact piece (10) and the second contact piece (11) are in contact, radio waves can be emitted to control the first motor (4); a limit plate (5) is fixedly mounted horizontally on the top of the floating plate (1), and a through hole is provided on the limit plate (5) for the connection rope (3) to pass through.

5. A ditch depth measuring device for land surveying and mapping according to claim 4, characterized in that: The detection assembly comprises: a first spring rod (17), wherein there are a plurality of first spring rods (17), and the plurality of first spring rods (17) are evenly fixedly mounted on the inner wall of the circular groove in an annular shape, the fixed end and the telescopic end of each first spring rod (17) are slidably connected via a spline, and the telescopic end of each first spring rod (17) is vertically fixedly mounted with an arc plate (18), and the fixed end and the telescopic end of the first spring rod (17) are respectively fixedly mounted with a copper block (19) and a copper bar (20).

6. A ditch depth measuring device for land surveying and mapping according to claim 5, characterized in that: The correction component comprises: a large gear (21) and a correction mechanism, wherein the large gear (21) is rotatably arranged below the floating plate (1), and a shaft (22) is fixedly mounted at the top center of the large gear (21) and rotates at the bottom of the floating plate (1), and a second motor (6) connected to the shaft (22) is mounted on the top of the floating plate (1), and the correction mechanism comprises a plurality of correction mechanisms, which are evenly distributed in a ring shape around the large gear (21).

7. A ditch depth measuring device for land surveying and mapping according to claim 6, characterized in that: The correction mechanism comprises: an impeller (7), the impeller (7) being rotatably arranged below the floating plate (1), a mounting plate (16) being rotatably mounted on the side of the impeller (7), and the top of the mounting plate (16) being fixedly mounted on the bottom of the floating plate (1), a second spring rod (23) being fixedly mounted on the side of the impeller (7) away from the mounting plate (16), and a fixed end and a telescopic end of the second spring rod (23) being slidably connected via a spline, an electromagnet (30) being fixedly sleeved on the surface of the fixed end of the second spring rod (23), and a corresponding electromagnet (30) being electrically connected to a corresponding copper block (19) and copper bar (20).

8. A ditch depth measuring device for land surveying and mapping according to claim 7, characterized in that: A first bevel gear (26) is fixedly mounted on the telescopic end of the second spring rod (23), and a second bevel gear (27) is meshed at the bottom of the first bevel gear (26). A pinion gear (28) is fixedly mounted on the bottom of the second bevel gear (27), and when the pinion gear (28) and the large gear (21) are in contact, the pinion gear (28) and the large gear (21) are meshed. A magnet disk (31) is fixedly sleeved on the telescopic end of the second spring rod (23), and when the electromagnet (30) is energized, it repels the magnet disk (31) magnetically.

9. A ditch depth measuring device for land surveying and mapping according to claim 8, characterized in that: The telescopic end surface of the second spring rod (23) is rotatably sleeved with an L-shaped frame (24), and a rotating shaft (29) is vertically rotatably mounted on the bottom of the horizontal side of the L-shaped frame (24), and the end of the rotating shaft (29) is fixedly mounted at the top center of the second bevel gear (27). A sliding groove (14) is provided at the bottom of the floating plate (1), and a sliding block (15) is slidably mounted inside the sliding groove (14), and a fixing rod (25) is vertically fixedly mounted on the bottom of the sliding block (15), and the end of the fixing rod (25) is fixedly mounted on the top of the horizontal side of the L-shaped frame (24).

10. The method for using the ditch depth measuring device for land surveying and mapping according to claim 9, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: S1: First, the floating plate (1) is placed on the liquid surface of the river ditch to be measured, and then the first motor (4) and the second motor (6) are started. The second motor (6) drives the shaft (22) to rotate, and the shaft (22) drives the large gear (21) to rotate. The first motor (4) drives the winding roller (2) to rotate, so as to pay out the connecting rope (3). The pay-out cylinder (8) and the chassis (9) of the connecting rope (3) move downward; S2: When the chassis (9) contacts the bottom of the ditch, the cylinder (8) will continue to move downward, and the cylinder (8) will drive the first contact piece (10) to move downward, and further the first contact piece (10) and the second contact piece (11) will contact each other. At this time, the first motor (4) will stop working, and finally the length of the line released by the connecting rope (3) can be read; S3: In addition, when the winding roller (2) is releasing the connecting rope (3), the water in the ditch will cause the connecting rope (3) to be skewed and the winding roller (2) to be non-vertical. The skew of the connecting rope (3) will cause the corresponding arc plate (18) to move. The movement of the arc plate (18) drives the telescopic end of the spring rod and the copper bar (20) to move and causes the first spring rod (17) to generate elastic force. Then, the copper bar (20) and the copper block (19) will contact and cause the electromagnet (30) to work. Since the magnet disk (31) and the working electromagnet (30) repel each other magnetically, the electromagnet (30) will cause the magnet disk (31) to move away from the impeller (7). The movement of the magnet disk (31) drives the telescopic end of the second spring rod (23) and the first bevel gear (26) to move. The movement of the telescopic end of the second spring rod (23) drives the L-shaped frame (24) to move. The movement of the L-shaped frame (24) drives the rotating shaft (29) and the fixed rod (25). ) moves, due to the arrangement of the slide groove (14) and the slider (15), the movement direction of the L-shaped frame (24) is stable, the movement of the rotating shaft (29) drives the second bevel gear (27) and the small gear (28) to move, so that the small gear (28) and the large gear (21) are meshed, and the large gear (21) further rotates to drive the small gear (28) to rotate, the small gear (28) rotates to drive the second bevel gear (27), the second bevel gear (27) rotates to drive the first bevel gear (26), the first bevel gear (26) rotates to drive the second spring rod (23), the second spring rod (23) rotates to drive the impeller (7), and the impeller (7) rotates to cause the floating plate (1) to move in a direction close to the cylinder (8), so as to achieve verticality between the winding roller (2) and the connecting rope (3), thereby ensuring that the reading of the connecting rope (3) is accurate after the cylinder (8) touches the bottom, and no additional manual operation is required throughout the process; S4: As the floating plate (1) moves, the connecting rope (3) will become straight and no longer be skewed. At this time, the connecting rope (3) no longer exerts a force on the arc plate (18), and the elastic force generated by the first spring rod (17) will reset the arc plate (18), and the copper block (19) and the copper bar (20) will no longer be in contact. The corresponding small gear (28) will also reset and no longer mesh with the large gear (21). In summary, the skewed state of the connecting rope (3) can be automatically adjusted when measuring the depth of the ditch.

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