Sampling method for constructional engineering quality detection

Abstract

The invention discloses a sampling method for constructional engineering quality detection, and aims to improve the accuracy and efficiency of constructional engineering quality detection. The method comprises the following steps: firstly, placing special equipment on a detection site to ensure the stability and accuracy of a sampling process; then, starting a sampling process, and automatically completing sample collection; then, collecting the sample to ensure that a representative detection material is obtained from the sample; and finally, detecting and analyzing the sample by using an optical means so as to evaluate the quality of the sample. According to the method, the optical detection technology is combined in the sample collection process, so that the sampling representativeness and the detection accuracy are improved, and the quality data of the sample can be quickly obtained under the condition of non-destructive detection. Compared with the prior art, the device has the advantages of simple structure, convenience in operation, efficient detection process and the like, and can be widely applied to the field of construction engineering quality control and quality detection.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of construction engineering quality detection, in particular to a sampling method for construction engineering quality detection. Background Art

[0002] Building walls are a key component of a building, and their quality directly affects the stability and safety of the building structure. By sampling and testing the walls, the strength, durability and other performance indicators of the materials can be evaluated to ensure that they meet the design specifications and relevant requirements. At the same time, wall sampling and testing provides reliable evidence of their quality. The supervisor, owner, designer and constructor can confirm the quality of the wall through the test report and provide it to relevant parties when necessary to prove that it meets the specifications and contractual agreements; Common methods are mostly drilling and coring, such as a wall sampling method for building construction quality inspection disclosed in a Chinese patent (application number: CN202411202505.6), which includes "step one: placing a wall sampling device for building construction quality inspection next to the inspection wall; step two: the jet mechanism and the cleaning mechanism clean the wall; step three: the sampling mechanism takes out the wall drilling sample; step four: the water spray mechanism cleans the drill bit". The removal of the core is time-consuming and laborious, and further inspection and analysis of the core is required to evaluate the quality of the project; With the development of technology, people have begun to use optical detection to detect building quality, such as a non-contact detection method and detection system for the quality of building exterior wall surface layer disclosed in a Chinese patent (application number: CN202010064715.9), which detects buildings by optical means; However, in actual use, inspection inside the building is also very important, and the building materials need to be inspected microscopically. For this reason, we propose a sampling method for construction project quality inspection. Summary of the invention

[0003] The purpose of the present invention is to provide a sampling method for construction engineering quality inspection, which has the advantage of microscopic optical inspection of building materials and solves the problems in the background technology.

[0004] To achieve the above object, the present invention provides the following technical solution: a sampling method for construction engineering quality inspection, comprising the following steps: S1. Placement of sampling equipment for construction engineering quality inspection: The staff holds a cup-shaped body and attaches the bottom of the cup-shaped body to the surface of the building to be inspected; S2. Start sampling: The staff uses the power mechanism to drive the rotation of the spline rod, so that the drill bit on the spline rod can be rotated on the surface of the building to take samples; S3, sample collection: use negative pressure adsorption to adsorb the sample in the state of small particles into the collection shell to complete the collection; S4. Detection and analysis: Use the optical detection and analysis probe in the collection shell to perform optical analysis on the small particle samples that enter the collection shell.

[0005] Preferably, the device comprises a cup-shaped body attached to the surface of the building to be inspected, an extended cover is fixedly connected to the arc-shaped contour near the bottom of the cup-shaped body, the top of the cup-shaped body is penetrated by and movably connected with a spline rod driven to rotate by a power mechanism, the bottom of the spline rod is provided with a drill bit for drilling holes in the surface of the building for sampling, the inner wall of the cup-shaped body near the bottom is movably connected with a pressure plate for squeezing and crushing the drilled samples, the lower surface of the pressure plate is penetrated by and fixedly connected with a tube one, the top of the tube one is penetrated by and fixedly connected with a transmission plate, the upper surface of the transmission plate is fixedly connected with a collecting shell connected with the tube one, the inner wall of the collecting shell is fixedly connected with a transparent glass plate that isolates the internal space of the collecting shell into space A and space B, the inner wall of the collecting shell is slidably connected with a metal slider, and the side of the metal slider facing the transparent glass plate is fixedly connected with an optical detection and analysis probe for testing and analyzing the sample entering the collecting shell.

[0006] Preferably, the upper surface of the collecting shell is penetrated and axially limited and slidably connected with tube 2, the bottom of tube 2 is fixedly connected with a piston plate which slides up and down on the inner wall of the collecting shell, the piston plate is penetrated and fixedly connected with a one-way air valve 1, the inner wall of tube 1 near the top is fixedly connected with one-way air valve 2, the top of the one-way air valve 1 is fixedly connected with tube 3, and the end of tube 3 away from the one-way air valve 1 is penetrated and extends into tube 2.

[0007] Preferably, the inner wall of the cup-shaped body is fixedly connected to a support plate, and a movable shell is also provided in the cup-shaped body. The movable shell is axially penetrated by a spline rod and slidably connected, and a worm is axially penetrated by the spline rod and matched by a spline transmission in the movable shell, and the teeth on the worm are meshed with a worm wheel that rotates on a fixed axis in the movable shell. Two symmetrical connecting plates 1 are fixedly connected at the center of the circle of the worm wheel side surface, and a connecting plate 2 is connected to the surface of the connecting plate 1 away from the center of the worm wheel in a fixed axis rotation manner, and an end of the connecting plate 2 away from the connecting plate 1 is connected to the surface of the support plate in a fixed axis rotation manner.

[0008] Preferably, one of the two connecting plates 2 that is close to the collecting shell has an end that is far away from the support plate and is magnetically matched with the metal slider, and the surface of the connecting plate 2 is slidably connected to the surface of the collecting shell.

[0009] Preferably, the side of the movable shell close to the second tube is fixedly connected to the surface of the transmission plate, and the side of the transmission plate away from the movable shell is arc-shaped and slidably connected to the inner wall of the cup-shaped body.

[0010] Preferably, the arc-shaped contour of the spline rod is rotatably connected to a pressure plate that slides up and down the inner wall of the cup-shaped body, and a concentric corrugated tube-shaped airbag is fixedly connected to the top of the pressure plate, and the top of the corrugated tube-shaped airbag is fixedly connected to the inner top wall of the cup-shaped body.

[0011] Preferably, the top of the tube two is fixedly connected to the lower surface of the pressure plate, the upper surface of the pressure plate is fixedly connected to the tube four, the end of the tube four away from the pressure plate extends into the corrugated tube-shaped airbag, and the end of the tube four away from the corrugated tube-shaped airbag is connected to the tube two after passing through the pressure plate.

[0012] Preferably, the top of the spline rod is fixedly connected to a top plate, the lower surface of the top plate is movably connected to a compression spring sleeved on the periphery of the spline rod, and the bottom of the compression spring is fixedly connected to the top of the cup-shaped body.

[0013] Preferably, a trumpet-shaped cover body 1 is fixedly connected to the arc-shaped contour near the top of the tube 1, and a trumpet-shaped cover body 2 is fixedly connected to the bottom of the inner wall of the collection shell for cooperating with the trumpet-shaped cover body 1 and collecting sample particles.

[0014] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects: 1. This invention improves the accuracy of construction project quality inspection: by changing the inspection form of building samples from "core" samples to microscopic samples of "dust" and combining optical means for real-time analysis, the present invention can more accurately obtain the quality information inside the sample, avoiding the errors that may exist in the traditional core sample inspection process, and improving the inspection accuracy and reliability.

[0015] 2. Enhanced efficiency of sample collection and detection process: The present invention closely integrates sample collection with the analysis process of optical detection, optimizing each link of the detection process. Compared with the traditional method of separating sampling and analysis steps, the present invention can perform optical analysis immediately during the sampling process, effectively shortening the detection cycle and improving the efficiency of the entire construction project quality detection.

[0016] 3. Reduced testing costs: Since the present invention uses optical means for non-destructive testing, it avoids the chemical reagents or complex instruments that may be used in traditional testing, greatly reducing material consumption and equipment maintenance costs during the testing process, thereby effectively reducing the overall testing cost.

[0017] 4. Enhanced adaptability and extensiveness of detection: The use of dust sample detection makes the present invention applicable to building materials of different types and forms, not just limited to common solid sample types, thereby expanding the scope of application and being able to meet the needs of more different engineering projects. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0018] Figure 1 is a stereoscopic diagram of the sampling device of the present invention; Figure 2 A perspective view of the internal structure of the sampling device of the present invention; Figure 3 A cross-sectional view of the internal structure of the collecting shell of the present invention; Figure 4 A three-dimensional diagram of the location of the worm of the present invention; Figure 5 A three-dimensional diagram of the location of the worm gear of the present invention; Figure 6 A three-dimensional diagram of the location of the bellows-shaped airbag of the present invention; Figure 7 A perspective 2 stereogram of the internal structure of the sampling device of the present invention; Figure 8 A flow chart of a sampling method for construction engineering quality inspection according to the present invention; In the figure: 1. cup-shaped body; 2. extended cover; 3. spline rod; 4. pressure plate; 5. tube one; 6. transmission plate; 7. collecting shell; 8. transparent glass plate; 9. metal slider; 10. optical detection and analysis probe; 11. tube two; 12. piston plate; 13. one-way air valve one; 14. one-way air valve two; 15. tube three; 16. support plate; 17. moving shell; 18. worm; 19. worm gear; 20. connecting plate one; 21. connecting plate two; 22. pressure plate; 23. bellows-shaped air bag; 24. tube four; 25. top plate; 26. compression spring; 27. trumpet-shaped cover body one; 28. trumpet-shaped cover body two. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0019] The following will be combined with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention to clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0020] See also Figures 1 to 8 The present invention provides a technical solution: a sampling method for construction engineering quality inspection, comprising the following steps: S1. Placement of sampling equipment for construction engineering quality inspection: A worker holds a cup-shaped body 1 and attaches the bottom of the cup-shaped body 1 to the surface of the building to be inspected; S2, start sampling: the staff uses the power mechanism to drive the rotation of the spline rod 3, so that the drill bit on the spline rod 3 is screwed into the surface of the building for sampling; S3, sample collection: using negative pressure adsorption to adsorb the sample in the state of small particles into the collection shell 7 to complete the collection; S4. Detection and analysis: the optical detection and analysis probe 10 in the collection shell 7 is used to perform optical analysis on the small particle sample that enters the collection shell 7 .

[0021] Furthermore, it includes a cup-shaped body 1 attached to the surface of the building to be inspected, an extended cover 2 is fixedly connected to the arc-shaped contour near the bottom of the cup-shaped body 1, the top of the cup-shaped body 1 is penetrated and movably connected with a spline rod 3 driven to rotate by a power mechanism, the bottom of the spline rod 3 is provided with a drill bit for drilling holes on the surface of the building for sampling, the inner wall of the cup-shaped body 1 near the bottom is movably connected with a pressure plate 4 for squeezing and crushing the drilled samples, the lower surface of the pressure plate 4 is penetrated and fixedly connected with a tube 5, the top of the tube 5 is penetrated and fixedly connected with a transmission plate 6, the upper surface of the transmission plate 6 is fixedly connected with a collecting shell 7 connected with the tube 5, the inner wall of the collecting shell 7 is fixedly connected with a transparent glass plate 8 that isolates the internal space of the collecting shell 7 into space A and space B, the inner wall of the collecting shell 7 is slidably connected with a metal slider 9, and the side of the metal slider 9 facing the transparent glass plate 8 is fixedly connected with an optical detection and analysis probe 10 for testing and analyzing the sample entering the collecting shell 7.

[0022] refer to Figure 1 and Figure 2 ; The user holds the cup-shaped body 1, attaches the cup-shaped body 1 to the surface of the building to be inspected, and increases the contact area with the building by extending the cover 2; The spline rod 3 drives the bottom drill bit to rotate, so as to realize the screw-in sampling operation on the surface of the building to be inspected; During the screwing process of the drill bit, samples with different particle sizes will be generated. By pressing down the pressure plate 4, the samples with larger particle sizes can be squeezed and crushed to ensure that the particle sizes of the samples are consistent, thus avoiding the influence of the particle size difference on the detection and analysis results. The tube 1 5 and the collecting shell 7 are driven to move up and down in the cup-shaped body 1 by the transmission plate 6; During the lifting and lowering movement of the collection shell 7, a negative pressure environment is intermittently generated inside the collection shell, thereby enabling the sample under the pressure plate 4 to be adsorbed and collected. The construction of the negative pressure environment will be described in the following content; The sample particles entering the collection shell 7 will enter the B space. In the A space, the optical detection and analysis probe 10 detects and analyzes the sample particles through the transparent glass plate 8. The optical detection and analysis probe 10 is a MicroNIR 1700 and is powered by a built-in power supply. The detection results are transmitted to the external display screen by signals for further analysis. The metal slider 9 slides on the inner wall of the collection shell 7, driving the optical detection and analysis probe 10 to move synchronously, thereby driving the optical detection and analysis probe 10 to dynamically monitor and analyze the sample particles in the collection shell 7, thereby improving the detection range; In actual use, an optical anti-shake module can be added to the metal slider 9 to further reduce the shaking effect of the movement process and the screwing of the drill bit on the spline rod 3 on the optical detection and analysis probe 10; Furthermore, the upper surface of the collecting shell 7 is penetrated and axially limited and slidably connected with a tube 2 11, the bottom of the tube 2 11 is fixedly connected with a piston plate 12 which slides up and down on the inner wall of the collecting shell 7, the piston plate 12 is penetrated and fixedly connected with a one-way air valve 13, the inner wall of the tube 1 5 near the top is fixedly connected with a one-way air valve 2 14, the top of the one-way air valve 13 is fixedly connected with a tube 3 15, and the end of the tube 3 15 away from the one-way air valve 13 penetrates and extends into the tube 2 11.

[0023] refer to Figure 3 As can be seen from the above content, the collecting shell 7 will reciprocate up and down in the cup-shaped body 1 under the drive of the transmission plate 6, thereby generating relative motion between the second tube 11. The origin of the relative motion between the second tube 11 and the collecting shell 7 will be explained later; As a result, the piston plate 12 fixedly connected to the second pipe 11 will also produce relative movement with the inner wall of the synchronous collecting shell 7, thereby causing the volume of the lower space B to increase or decrease; When the volume becomes smaller, the high-pressure air in the lower space B will enter the tube three 15 and the cup-shaped body 1 through the one-way air valve one 13; When the volume becomes larger, the lower B space is a low-pressure environment, and the air below the pressure plate 4 will carry the sample particles into the tube 1 5 and finally into the lower B space. During the movement of the sample particles in the lower B space, the optical detection and analysis probe 10 realizes the detection and analysis operation of the sample particles; The lower B space mentioned herein refers to the space below the piston plate 12 in the B space; Furthermore, the inner wall of the cup-shaped body 1 is fixedly connected with a support plate 16, and a movable shell 17 is also provided in the cup-shaped body 1. The movable shell 17 is axially penetrated by the spline rod 3 and slidably connected. A worm 18 axially penetrated by the spline rod 3 and matched by spline transmission is fixedly connected in the movable shell 17. The teeth on the worm 18 are meshed with a worm wheel 19 that rotates in a fixed axis in the movable shell 17. Two symmetrical connecting plates 1 20 are fixedly connected at the center of the circle of the side of the worm wheel 19. A connecting plate 2 21 is fixedly connected to the surface of the connecting plate 1 20 away from the center of the circle of the worm wheel 19. One end of the connecting plate 21 away from the connecting plate 1 20 is fixedly connected to the surface of the support plate 16. The side of the movable shell 17 close to the pipe 2 11 is fixedly connected to the surface of the transmission plate 6. The side of the transmission plate 6 away from the movable shell 17 is arc-shaped and slidably connected to the inner wall of the cup-shaped body 1.

[0024] refer to Figure 4 , it is mentioned in the previous text that the transmission plate 6 will slide up and down within the cup-shaped body 1, which is further explained in this paragraph; The spline rod 3 and the worm 18 cooperate through a spline transmission, that is, the spline rod 3 can rotate synchronously with the worm 18, and at the same time, the worm 18 can also slide axially relative to the spline rod 3; Through the rotation of the worm 18, the worm wheel 19 meshing therewith will rotate synchronously, thereby causing the connecting plate 1 20 on the worm wheel 19 to rotate synchronously. Under the rotation cooperation between the connecting plate 1 20 and the connecting plate 21, and the rotation cooperation between the support plate 16 and the connecting plate 21, the moving shell 17 sleeved on the worm 18 and the worm wheel 19 can smoothly reciprocate up and down on the spline rod 3 and in the cup-shaped body 1, and the transmission plate 6 fixedly connected to the moving shell 17 can smoothly reciprocate up and down; Furthermore, one of the two connecting plates 21 close to the collecting shell 7 has an end away from the support plate 16 as a magnetic end and is magnetically matched with the metal slider 9, and the surface of the connecting plate 21 is slidably connected with the surface of the collecting shell 7; refer to Figure 2 , Figure 3 and Figure 4 ; As can be seen from the above content, through the rotational cooperation of the connecting plate 21, the lifting and lowering movement of the moving shell 17 as a whole on the spline rod 3 is finally realized; The end of the connecting plate 21 close to the collecting shell 7 is a magnetic end, which can realize magnetic attraction to the metal slider 9 when isolated from the collecting shell 7. With the movement of the connecting plate 21, the metal slider 9 moves with the optical detection and analysis probe 10 in the collecting shell 7, thereby realizing dynamic monitoring and analysis. Furthermore, a pressure plate 22 is rotatably connected to the arcuate contour of the spline rod 3 and slides up and down the inner wall of the cup-shaped body 1. A concentric corrugated tube-shaped airbag 23 is fixedly connected to the top of the pressure plate 22, and the top of the corrugated tube-shaped airbag 23 is fixedly connected to the inner top wall of the cup-shaped body 1.

[0025] refer to Figure 2 and Figure 3 , considering that in order to obtain more sample materials, it is necessary to increase the screwing depth of the drill bit on the spline rod 3 into the building; For this purpose, a pressure plate 22 and a bellows-shaped airbag 23 are provided. When the gas in the bellows-shaped airbag 23 increases and the pressure increases, the pressure plate 22 will push the spline rod 3 axially downward, thereby increasing the screwing depth and increasing the sample particles collected. The pressure plate 22 is rotatably connected to the spline rod 3, and the rotation of the spline rod 3 does not affect the rotation of the pressure plate 22. Secondly, since the pressure plate 22 is rotatably connected to the spline rod 3, the lifting and lowering of the pressure plate 22 can drive the lifting and lowering of the spline rod 3. Furthermore, the top of the tube 2 11 is fixedly connected to the lower surface of the pressure plate 22, and the upper surface of the pressure plate 22 is fixedly connected to the tube 4 24. The end of the tube 4 24 away from the pressure plate 22 extends into the corrugated tube-shaped airbag 23, and the end of the tube 4 24 away from the corrugated tube-shaped airbag 23 is connected to the tube 2 11 after passing through the pressure plate 22.

[0026] refer to Figure 2 As can be seen from this paragraph, the pipe 11 is fixedly connected to the pressure plate 22, wherein the lowest position of the pressure plate 22 is the position when the drill bit on the lower spline rod 3 hits the foundation building. The continuously changing highest position of the pressing plate 22 is the highest position in the process of sliding up and down the inner wall of the cup-shaped body 1. In actual use, a limit block for the upper limit of the pressing plate 22 can be set on the inner wall of the cup-shaped body 1 to clarify it; This ensures that the relative movement between the tube 11 and the collecting shell 7 is sufficient, ensuring that air is sucked in every movement; It is worth noting that, with the axial expansion of the bellows-shaped airbag 23, the highest position of the pressure plate 22 is lowered, thereby shortening the relative movement between the tube 11 and the collection shell 7, reducing the amount of gas inhaled during each movement, and reducing the amount of sample particle adsorption and collection. Considering the interference effect of the sample particles previously collected in the collection shell 7, the accuracy of the monitoring and analysis results is guaranteed by reducing the new adsorption and collection amount. Furthermore, the high-pressure air transferred to the second tube 11 in the above content will enter the bellows-shaped airbag 23 through the fourth tube 24, so as to supplement the high-pressure air in the bellows-shaped airbag 23; Furthermore, a top plate 25 is fixedly connected to the top of the spline rod 3 , and a compression spring 26 sleeved on the outer periphery of the spline rod 3 is movably connected to the lower surface of the top plate 25 , and the bottom of the compression spring 26 is fixedly connected to the top of the cup-shaped body 1 .

[0027] refer to Figure 2 Through the cooperation of the top plate 25 and the compression spring 26, the stability of the internal and external structures of the cup-shaped body 1 can be further improved.

[0028] Furthermore, a trumpet-shaped cover body 1 27 is fixedly connected to the arc-shaped contour near the top of the tube 1 5 , and a trumpet-shaped cover body 2 28 that cooperates with the trumpet-shaped cover body 1 27 and collects the sample particles is fixedly connected to the bottom of the inner wall of the collection shell 7 .

[0029] refer to Figure 3 As can be seen from the foregoing content, the sample particles collected first will affect the detection and analysis of the sample particles collected subsequently. With the setting of the trumpet-shaped cover body 1 27, the sample particles collected first can be diffused and guided after falling under the influence of gravity, and guided into the trumpet-shaped cover body 2 28, and finally affected by the guidance of the trumpet-shaped cover body 28, and finally collected under the trumpet-shaped cover body 1 27, thereby reducing the impact on the detection and analysis results of the sample particles collected subsequently.

[0030] Although embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described, it will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that various changes, modifications, substitutions and variations may be made to the embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the present invention, and that the scope of the present invention is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A sampling method for construction engineering quality inspection, characterized in that: This is achieved using sampling equipment for construction engineering quality inspection, including the following steps: S1. Installing a sampling device for building quality inspection: a worker holds a cup-shaped body (1) and attaches the bottom of the cup-shaped body (1) to the surface of the building to be inspected; S2, start sampling: the staff uses the power mechanism to drive the spline rod (3) to rotate, so that the drill bit on the spline rod (3) is rotated into the surface of the building to perform sampling operation; S3, sample collection: using negative pressure adsorption to adsorb the sample in a small particle state into the collection shell (7) to complete the collection; S4. Detection and analysis: using the optical detection and analysis probe (10) in the collection shell (7) to perform optical analysis on the small particle sample that has entered the collection shell (7).

2. A sampling method for construction engineering quality inspection according to claim 1, characterized in that: The sampling device for construction engineering quality inspection comprises a cup-shaped body (1) attached to the surface of a building to be inspected, and an extended cover (2) is fixedly connected to an arc-shaped contour near the bottom of the cup-shaped body (1).

3. A sampling method for construction engineering quality inspection according to claim 2, characterized in that: A spline rod (3) driven to rotate by a power mechanism is pierced through and movably connected to the top of the cup-shaped body (1); a drill bit for drilling holes on the surface of a building to take samples is provided at the bottom of the spline rod (3).

4. A sampling method for construction engineering quality inspection according to claim 3, characterized in that: The inner wall of the cup-shaped body (1) near the bottom is movably connected to a pressure plate (4) for squeezing and crushing the drilled sample, the lower surface of the pressure plate (4) is penetrated by and fixedly connected to a tube (5), the top of the tube (5) is penetrated by and fixedly connected to a transmission plate (6), the upper surface of the transmission plate (6) is fixedly connected to a collection shell (7) connected to the tube (5), the inner wall of the collection shell (7) is fixedly connected to a transparent glass plate (8) for isolating the internal space of the collection shell (7) into space A and space B, the collection shell ( The inner wall of the collecting shell (7) is slidably connected to a metal slider (9), and the side of the metal slider (9) facing the transparent glass plate (8) is fixedly connected to an optical detection and analysis probe (10) for testing and analyzing the sample entering the collecting shell (7); the upper surface of the collecting shell (7) is penetrated and axially limited and slidably connected to a second tube (11), and the bottom of the second tube (11) is fixedly connected to a piston plate (12) that slides up and down on the inner wall of the collecting shell (7), and the piston plate (12) is penetrated and fixedly connected to a one-way air valve (13) The inner wall of the tube 1 (5) near the top is fixedly connected to the one-way air valve 2 (14), the top of the one-way air valve 1 (13) is fixedly connected to the tube 3 (15), and the end of the tube 3 (15) away from the one-way air valve 1 (13) penetrates and extends into the tube 2 (11); the inner wall of the cup-shaped body (1) is fixedly connected to a support plate (16), and the cup-shaped body (1) is further provided with a moving shell (17), the moving shell (17) is axially penetrated by the spline rod (3) and is slidably connected, and a fixed axis rotating shaft is arranged in the moving shell (17). The movable connection comprises a worm (18) which is axially penetrated by the spline rod (3) and matched by spline transmission. The teeth on the worm (18) are meshed with a worm wheel (19) which rotates in a fixed axis in the movable housing (17). Two symmetrical connecting plates (20) are fixedly connected at the center of the circle of the side surface of the worm wheel (19). A connecting plate (21) is connected in a fixed axis rotation manner on the surface of the connecting plate (20) away from the center of the circle of the worm wheel (19). One end of the connecting plate (21) away from the connecting plate (20) is connected in a fixed axis rotation manner to the surface of the support plate (16).

5. A sampling method for construction engineering quality inspection according to claim 4, characterized in that: One of the two connecting plates (21) closer to the collection shell (7) has an end away from the support plate (16) which is a magnetic end and is magnetically matched with the metal slider (9), and the surface of the connecting plate (21) is slidably connected to the surface of the collection shell (7).

6. A sampling method for construction engineering quality inspection according to claim 5, characterized in that: The side of the movable shell (17) close to the second tube (11) is fixedly connected to the surface of the transmission plate (6), and the side of the transmission plate (6) away from the movable shell (17) is arc-shaped and slidably connected to the inner wall of the cup-shaped body (1).

7. A sampling method for construction engineering quality inspection according to claim 6, characterized in that: A pressure plate (22) is rotatably connected to the arcuate profile of the spline rod (3) and is limitedly slidable up and down the inner wall of the cup-shaped body (1). A concentric bellows-shaped airbag (23) is fixedly connected to the upper surface of the pressure plate (22). The top of the bellows-shaped airbag (23) is fixedly connected to the inner top wall of the cup-shaped body (1).

8. A sampling method for construction engineering quality inspection according to claim 7, characterized in that: The top of the second tube (11) is fixedly connected to the lower surface of the pressure plate (22), and the upper surface of the pressure plate (22) is fixedly connected to the fourth tube (24). The end of the fourth tube (24) away from the pressure plate (22) extends through the corrugated tube-shaped airbag (23). The end of the fourth tube (24) away from the corrugated tube-shaped airbag (23) is connected to the second tube (11) after passing through the pressure plate (22).

9. A sampling method for construction engineering quality inspection according to claim 8, characterized in that: The top of the spline rod (3) is fixedly connected to a top plate (25), the lower surface of the top plate (25) is movably connected to a compression spring (26) sleeved on the outer periphery of the spline rod (3), and the bottom of the compression spring (26) is fixedly connected to the top of the cup-shaped body (1).

10. A sampling method for construction engineering quality inspection according to claim 9, characterized in that: A trumpet-shaped cover body 1 (27) is fixedly connected to the arc-shaped contour near the top of the tube 1 (5), and a trumpet-shaped cover body 2 (28) is fixedly connected to the bottom of the inner wall of the collection shell (7) for cooperating with the trumpet-shaped cover body 1 (27) and collecting sample particles.

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