Sampling method for geological environment exploration

Abstract

The invention discloses a sampling method for geological environment exploration, and relates to the technical field of geological exploration, in the actual use process of a protection mechanism, soaked soil is collected and enters a storage box, a piston plate ascends to extrude gas into an air bag, the air bag is bulged, the air bag is continuously bulged to make the side face of the air bag make contact with the inner wall of a drill hole, and the drill hole is drilled; further, a mounting seat and an air bag are used for blocking the drill hole, so that the situation that the mud continuously immerses the soil at the bottom of the drill hole all the time in the soil collecting and soaking process is avoided, the soil at the bottom of the drill hole is protected in the sampling process, and the soil is prevented from being polluted by the mud; due to the elastic contraction of the air bag, air in the air bag enters a rectangular groove through a pipeline to push a sliding block in the rectangular groove to move, so that two sealing plates are close to each other to seal a lower end opening of a through hole, and therefore, when the device moves in slurry in the recovery process, the slurry does not make contact with collected soil, the soil is protected in the recovery process, and the recovery efficiency is improved. The subsequent soil detection accuracy is ensured.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of geological exploration, in particular to a sampling method for geological environment exploration. Background Art

[0002] Geological environmental exploration in engineering is a geological survey and research work carried out to identify the geological factors that affect engineering buildings, and to provide a basis for determining protective measures to ensure the stability and normal use of buildings. In geological exploration, in order to obtain the physical and mechanical performance indicators of the foundation soil, it is necessary to insert the soil sampler into the soil layer to a certain depth to extract the soil for analysis, thereby providing technical indicators for evaluating soil layer problems. In the drilling sampling process, it is usually necessary to drill vertical holes on the surface of the soil layer, and then insert the soil sampler vertically into the soil layer at the bottom of the borehole, so that samples from deeper soil layers can be collected. However, when drilling holes in some soil layers, in order to prevent the borehole from collapsing, it is necessary to fill the hole with mud to support the borehole, thereby improving the stability of the borehole, and then sampling can be carried out; The patent website discloses a soil layer sampling device and exploration method for geological exploration (publication number: CN111595612B). When using this method, the soil on the surface of the borehole is first transported to the collection cavity by the rotating threaded section. Then the threaded section stops rotating to allow the collection tube to rotate and the sampling tube to be screwed into the soil layer for sampling. In order to facilitate the sampling tube to enter the borehole, the diameter of the sampling tube is made smaller than the borehole. However, this will cause the mud in the borehole to continue to sink during the collection process and pollute the soil at the bottom of the borehole during the collection process. It is difficult to sample soil that is completely uncontaminated by the mud. The lower port of the sampling tube is open. When recovering, the sampling tube will move in the mud in the borehole. The mud can soak the soil at the lower port of the sampling tube, making it impossible to perform later soil detection. At the same time, if the soil is loose, the soil in the sampling tube will dissolve in the mud through the lower port, which will lead to sampling failure. Therefore, a technician in this field has proposed a sampling method for geological environment exploration. Summary of the invention

[0003] In view of the deficiencies in the prior art, the present invention provides a sampling method for geological environment exploration. The soil soaked in mud at the bottom of the borehole is first collected. At the same time, the airbag is inflated during the collection process to allow the outer surface of the airbag to fill the borehole to prevent the mud above the borehole from continuously seeping down and affecting subsequent soil sampling. When the collection of the unsoaked soil is completed, the air cylinder in the airbag will enter the rectangular groove and push the sealing plate to restore its position to seal the through hole for storing the sampled soil, thereby solving the problems in the above background.

[0004] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention is implemented through the following technical solutions: a sampling device for geological environment exploration, including components such as a collecting mechanism, a sampling mechanism and a protecting mechanism, wherein the sampling mechanism is installed in the collecting mechanism, and the protecting mechanism is arranged in the collecting mechanism and the sampling mechanism, the collecting mechanism is used to collect soil soaked in mud at the bottom of the borehole, the sampling mechanism is used to sample soil that is not soaked in mud, and the protecting mechanism is used to protect the soil during and after sampling.

[0005] As a further technical solution of the present invention, the collection mechanism includes a mounting seat, a first gear is installed at the center of the inner bottom surface of the mounting seat, a first motor is installed on the inner wall of the mounting seat on one side of the first gear, a second gear meshing with the first gear is installed at the driving end of the first motor, the lower end of the first gear extends to the outside of the mounting seat and is installed with a sampling cylinder, and a round rod is installed at the center of the upper surface of the mounting seat.

[0006] As a further technical solution of the present invention, a partition is installed inside the sampling tube near the lower end, a first fan-shaped opening is opened on the lower surface of the partition, an inclined scraper is installed on the edge of the first fan-shaped opening on the lower surface of the partition, a semi-cylindrical storage box is installed inside the sampling tube above the partition, a second fan-shaped opening is opened on the lower surface of the storage box just below the first fan-shaped opening and aligned with the first fan-shaped opening, a telescopic rod is installed on the inner top surface of the storage box, a piston plate is installed on the lower end of the telescopic rod, and a first spring is sleeved on the surface of the telescopic rod above the piston plate.

[0007] As a further technical solution of the present invention, the sampling mechanism includes a through hole opened on the lower surface of the partition and on one side of the first fan-shaped opening, a through pipe is installed at the upper end of the through hole, a mounting plate is installed inside the sampling tube above the through pipe, an electric push rod is installed on the upper surface of the mounting plate directly above the through pipe, the telescopic arm of the electric push rod passes through the mounting plate and extends into the through pipe and is installed with a second motor, and a threaded drill bit compatible with the through pipe is installed at the driving end of the second motor.

[0008] As a further technical solution of the present invention, the protection mechanism includes two strip grooves opened inside the partition and on the side of the through hole. The lower surface of the partition is provided with a strip groove connected to the partition directly below each rectangular groove. A sliding block adapted to the sliding block is slidably arranged in each rectangular groove. The lower ends of the two sliding blocks pass through the corresponding strip grooves and are equipped with two sealing plates corresponding to the lower ports of the through holes for blocking. A third spring is arranged on one side of the sliding block in each rectangular groove.

[0009] As a further technical solution of the present invention, a fixed seat is installed at the center of the inner top surface of the sampling cylinder, and two empty grooves are opened in the upper and lower parts of the fixed seat, and a baffle is slidably arranged between the two empty grooves; a first three-way tube whose other two ends are connected to the two empty grooves is installed on the inner top surface of the storage box; an output tube that passes through the first gear and extends into the cavity of the mounting seat is installed on the inner top surface of the upper empty groove, and the output tube and the first gear have the same center; an airbag is installed on the side of the mounting seat, and the upper port of the output tube is rotatably connected to an L-shaped connecting tube connected to the airbag.

[0010] As a further technical solution of the present invention, a detection rod passing through the partition is installed at the center of the lower surface of the partition, a second spring is installed between the fixed seat and the detection rod, a vertical rod is installed at the center of the lower surface of the fixed seat, a pressure sensor is installed at the lower end of the vertical rod, a third three-way pipe is installed on the inner side surface of the empty groove below, the other two ends of the third three-way pipe are connected to the rectangular groove and the connection is on one side of the slider, a second three-way pipe is also installed on the side of the output pipe, the other two ends of the second three-way pipe are connected to the rectangular groove and the connection is on the other side of the slider, an electromagnetic valve is installed on the second three-way pipe near the output pipe, and a connecting rod is installed on the upper end of the detection rod.

[0011] The specific steps include: S1. Send the device into the borehole containing mud through the round rod until the sampling tube approaches the bottom of the borehole, and energize the first motor to drive the second gear to rotate. When the rotating second gear drives the sampling tube to rotate through the first gear, the sampling tube drills into the soil soaked in mud at the bottom of the borehole. Since the soaked soil is soft, the detection rod can be inserted into it. At the same time, the rotating sampling tube drives the shovel blade to rotate around the same center of the circle. The soaked soil at the bottom of the borehole is continuously shoveled into the storage box through the first fan-shaped opening and the second fan-shaped opening by the rotating shovel blade. When the soil in the storage box continues to increase, the piston plate is squeezed to rise, compressing the first spring and the telescopic rod; S2. When the piston plate continues to rise, the space above the piston plate in the storage box continues to decrease, and the gas above the piston plate is sent to the empty slot through the first three-way pipe. Since the baffle blocks the empty slot below, the gas enters the airbag through the upper empty slot, the output pipe and the L-shaped connecting pipe, so that the airbag is continuously inflated so that its side contacts the inner wall of the borehole, and the mounting seat and the airbag are used to block the borehole, thereby preventing the mud from continuously seeping down and soaking the soil at the bottom of the borehole during the process of collecting the soaked soil; S3. When the soaked soil is collected, the hardness of the unsoaked soil is high, so the detection rod is limited and cannot be inserted into the soil, so that the descending sampling tube drives the fixed seat to descend and cooperate with the detection rod to squeeze the second spring until the pressure sensor contacts the detection rod and is squeezed. At the same time, the stationary detection rod cooperates with the descending fixed seat to move the baffle to the upper empty groove to block it, and then the gas in the storage box passes through the gap between the lower empty groove and the connecting rod, and the third three-way pipe into the two rectangular grooves, pushing each slider to move. Each moving slider compresses the third spring and drives the sealing plate to move at the same time, so that the two sealing plates move away from each other to open the lower port of the through hole; S4. When the pressure sensor is under pressure, the electric push rod and the second motor start to operate. The operating second motor drives the threaded drill bit to rotate. The electric push rod extends to give downward force to the threaded drill bit. The rotating threaded drill bit slowly drills into the unsoaked soil, allowing the soil to enter the threaded seam of the threaded drill bit. When the electric push rod is extended to the longest position, it automatically shortens, driving the threaded drill bit to enter the through pipe. The soil in the threaded seam of the threaded drill bit enters the through pipe along with the threaded drill bit. S5. The solenoid valve is opened, and the elasticity of the airbag allows the gas inside to pass through the L-shaped connecting pipe, the output pipe and the second three-way pipe into the two rectangular grooves and to be on the other side of the corresponding slider. With the cooperation of each compressed third spring, the two sliders are brought closer to each other, driving the two sealing plates to move closer to each other to close the lower port of the through hole. The volume of the airbag decreases as the gas is continuously reduced, and the seal is released. Then the device is pulled out of the drill hole, and the two sealing plates are moved away from each other. Then the electric push rod is extended to extend the threaded drill bit to remove the soil in the threaded seam. Beneficial Effects

[0012] The present invention provides a sampling method for geological environment exploration. Compared with the prior art, it has the following beneficial effects: 1. A sampling method for geological environment exploration. During actual use, the protective mechanism collects soaked soil and puts it into a storage box, allowing the piston plate to rise and squeeze the gas into the airbag to make it swell. The airbag continues to swell so that its side contacts the inner wall of the borehole, and then the mounting seat and the airbag are used to block the borehole, so as to avoid the situation in which mud continues to soak the soil at the bottom of the borehole during the process of collecting the soaked soil. During the sampling process, the soil at the bottom of the borehole is protected to avoid being contaminated by the mud. When the sampling is completed, due to the elastic contraction of the airbag itself, the gas inside it enters the rectangular groove through the pipeline, pushing the slider inside it to move so that the two sealing plates are close to each other to close the lower port of the through hole. In this way, when the device moves in the mud during the recovery process, the mud will not contact the collected soil, and the soil is protected during the recovery process, ensuring the accuracy of subsequent soil detection. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0013] Figure 1 It is a structural schematic diagram of a sampling method for geological environment exploration; Figure 2 A side view of a sampling method for geological environmental exploration; Figure 3 A schematic diagram of the internal structure of a sampling method for geological environmental exploration; Figure 4 A cross-sectional view of a sampling method for geological environmental exploration; Figure 5 for Figure 4 Enlarged view of part A in the middle; Figure 6 A cross-sectional view of a sampling mechanism for a sampling method for geological environment exploration; Figure 7 It is a partial structural schematic diagram of a sampling method for geological environment exploration; Figure 8 The present invention is a schematic diagram of a storage box structure for a sampling method for geological environment exploration.

[0014] In the figure: 1, mounting base; 2, sampling tube; 3, partition; 4, first sector-shaped opening; 5, scraper; 6, storage box; 7, second sector-shaped opening; 8, telescopic rod; 9, piston plate; 10, first spring; 11, first gear; 12, first motor; 13, second gear; 14, through hole; 15, through pipe; 16, mounting plate; 17, electric push rod; 18, second motor; 19, threaded drill; 20, fixing base; 21 , empty slot; 22, baffle; 23, first three-way pipe; 24, second three-way pipe; 25, solenoid valve; 26, third three-way pipe; 27, output pipe; 28, L-shaped connecting pipe; 29, airbag; 30, detection rod; 31, vertical rod; 32, pressure sensor; 33, second spring; 34, connecting rod; 35, rectangular slot; 36, strip slot; 37, slider; 38, third spring; 39, sealing plate; 40, round rod. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0015] The present disclosure is further described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and implementations. It is understood that the specific implementations described herein are only used to explain the relevant content, rather than to limit the present disclosure. It should also be noted that, for ease of description, only the parts related to the present disclosure are shown in the accompanying drawings.

[0016] Figure 1 It is a structural schematic diagram of a sampling method for geological environment exploration; Figure 2 A side view of a sampling method for geological environmental exploration; Figure 3 A schematic diagram of the internal structure of a sampling method for geological environmental exploration; Figure 4A cross-sectional view of a sampling method for geological environmental exploration; Figure 5 for Figure 4 Enlarged view of part A; Figure 6 A cross-sectional view of a sampling mechanism for a sampling method for geological environment exploration; Figure 7 It is a partial structural schematic diagram of a sampling method for geological environment exploration; Figure 8 A schematic diagram of a storage box structure for a sampling method for geological environment exploration; like Figure 1-8 As shown, a sampling method for geological environment exploration disclosed in the present invention is as follows: first, soil soaked in mud at the bottom of the borehole is collected, and at the same time, the airbag is inflated during the collection process to allow the outer surface of the airbag to fill the borehole to prevent the mud above the borehole from continuously seeping down and affecting subsequent soil sampling. When the unsoaked soil is collected, the air cylinder in the airbag will enter the rectangular groove to push the sealing plate to restore its position and seal the original through hole: This method is implemented by using a sampling device for geological environment exploration, which includes a collection mechanism, a sampling mechanism, a protection mechanism and other components; like Figure 1-8 As shown, the collecting mechanism includes a mounting seat 1, a sampling tube 2, a partition 3, a first sector-shaped opening 4, a scraper 5, a storage box 6, a second sector-shaped opening 7, a telescopic rod 8, a piston plate 9, a first spring 10, a first gear 11, a first motor 12, a second gear 13, and a round rod 40; The first gear 11 is rotatably mounted on the center of the inner bottom surface of the mounting base 1, the first motor 12 is mounted on the inner top surface of the mounting base 1 and is on one side of the first gear 11, the second gear 13 is mounted on the driving end of the first motor 12 and meshes with the first gear 11, the sampling tube 2 is mounted on the lower end of the first gear 11 extending to the outside of the mounting base 1, the partition 3 is mounted between the inner walls of the sampling tube 2, the first fan-shaped opening 4 is opened on the lower surface of the partition 3, the shovel 5 is mounted on the lower surface of the partition 3 and is at the edge of the first fan-shaped opening 4, the semi-cylindrical storage box 6 is mounted on the upper surface of the partition 3, the second fan-shaped opening 7 is opened on the lower surface of the storage box 6 and is adapted to the first fan-shaped opening 4, the telescopic rod 8 is mounted on the inner top surface of the storage box 6, the piston plate 9 is mounted on the lower end of the telescopic rod 8 and is adapted to the storage box 6, the first spring 10 is sleeved on the telescopic rod 8 and is above the piston plate 9, and the round rod 40 is mounted on the center of the upper surface of the mounting base 1; like Figure 1-8 As shown, it includes a through hole 14, a through pipe 15, a mounting plate 16, an electric push rod 17, a second motor 18, and a threaded drill bit 19; The through hole 14 is opened at the center of the lower surface of the partition 3 and is located on one side of the first fan-shaped opening 4. The through pipe 15 is installed at the upper end of the through hole 14. The mounting plate 16 is installed on the inner wall of the sampling tube 2 and is located above the through pipe 15. The electric push rod 17 is installed on the upper surface of the mounting plate 16 and is located directly above the through pipe 15. The second motor 18 is installed on the telescopic arm of the electric push rod 17 that penetrates the mounting plate 16 and extends into the through pipe 15. The threaded drill bit 19 is installed at the driving end of the second motor 18 and is adapted to the through pipe 15. like Figure 1-8 As shown, the protection mechanism includes a fixing seat 20, an empty slot 21, a baffle 22, a first three-way pipe 23, a second three-way pipe 24, a solenoid valve 25, a third three-way pipe 26, an output pipe 27, an L-shaped connecting pipe 28, an air bag 29, a detection rod 30, a vertical rod 31, a pressure sensor 32, a second spring 33, a connecting rod 34, a rectangular slot 35, a strip slot 36, a slider 37, a third spring 38, and a sealing plate 39; The fixing seat 20 is installed at the center of the inner top surface of the sampling tube 2, and two empty grooves 21 are correspondingly opened in the fixing seat 20 from top to bottom. The baffle 22 is slidably arranged in the two empty grooves 21. The first three-way pipe 23 is installed at the center of the inner top surface of the storage box 6 and the other two ends are connected with the two empty grooves 21. The output pipe 27 is installed on the inner top surface of the upper empty groove 21 and extends to the cavity of the mounting seat 1 through the center of the first gear 11. The airbag 29 is installed on the side of the mounting seat 1. The L-shaped connecting pipe 28 is rotatably installed on the upper end of the output pipe 27 and the end is connected with the airbag 29. The detection rod 30 is arranged at the center of the lower surface of the partition 3 and the upper end passes through the partition 3 and extends to the top of the partition 3. The second spring 33 is arranged on the fixing seat 20. Between the fixed seat 20 and the detection rod 30, the vertical rod 31 is installed at the center of the lower surface of the fixed seat 20, the pressure sensor 32 is installed at the lower end of the vertical rod 31, the connecting rod 34 is installed on the lower surface of the baffle 22 and the lower end extends to the fixed seat 20 and is fixedly connected to the detection rod 30, two rectangular grooves 35 are opened in the partition 3 and are on the side of the through hole 14, each strip groove 36 is opened in the partition 3 and is directly below the corresponding rectangular groove 35 and is connected with it, each slider 37 is slidably set in the corresponding rectangular groove 35, each sealing plate 39 is installed at the lower end of the corresponding rectangular groove 35 passing through the strip groove 36, and each third spring 38 is set in the strip groove 36 and is on one side of the slider 37; The specific steps include: S1. Send the device into the borehole containing mud through the round rod 40 until the sampling tube 2 approaches the bottom of the borehole, and energize the first motor 12 to drive the second gear 13 to rotate. When the rotating second gear 13 drives the sampling tube 2 to rotate through the first gear 11, the sampling tube 2 drills into the soil soaked in mud at the bottom of the borehole. Since the soaked soil is soft, the detection rod 30 can be inserted into it. At the same time, the rotating sampling tube 2 drives the shovel blade 5 to rotate around the same center of the circle. The soaked soil at the bottom of the borehole is continuously shoveled into the storage box 6 through the first fan-shaped opening 4 and the second fan-shaped opening 7 by the rotating shovel blade 5. When the soil in the storage box 6 continues to increase, the piston plate 9 is squeezed to rise, compressing the first spring 10 and the telescopic rod 8; S2, when the piston plate 9 is continuously rising, the space above the piston plate 9 in the storage box 6 is continuously reduced, and the gas above the piston plate 9 is sent into the empty slot 21 through the first three-way pipe 23. Since the baffle 22 blocks the empty slot 21 below, the gas enters the airbag 29 through the upper empty slot 21, the output pipe 27 and the L-shaped connecting pipe 28, so that the airbag 29 is continuously inflated so that its side contacts the inner wall of the borehole, and the mounting seat 1 and the airbag 29 are used to block the borehole, so as to avoid the situation that the mud continues to soak the soil at the bottom of the borehole during the process of collecting the soaked soil; S3. When the soaked soil is collected, the hardness of the unsoaked soil is high, so the detection rod 30 is limited and the detection rod 30 cannot be inserted into the soil, so that the descending sampling tube 2 will drive the fixing seat 20 to descend and cooperate with the detection rod 30 to squeeze the second spring 33 until the pressure sensor 32 contacts the detection rod 30 and is squeezed. At the same time, the stationary detection rod 30 cooperates with the descending fixing seat 20 to move the baffle plate 22 to the upper empty groove 21 to block it, and then the gas in the storage box 6 passes through the gap between the lower empty groove 21 and the connecting rod 34, and the third three-way pipe 26 into the two rectangular grooves 35, pushing each slider 37 to move, and each moving slider 37 compresses the third spring 38 and drives the sealing plate 39 to move, so that the two sealing plates 39 move away from each other to open the lower port of the through hole 14; S4. When the pressure sensor 32 is under pressure, the electric push rod 17 and the second motor 18 start to operate. The operating second motor 18 drives the threaded drill bit 19 to rotate. The electric push rod 17 extends to give downward force to the threaded drill bit 19. The rotating threaded drill bit 19 slowly drills into the unsoaked soil, allowing the soil to enter the threaded seam of the threaded drill bit 19. When the electric push rod 17 is extended to the longest position, it automatically shortens, driving the threaded drill bit 19 to enter the through pipe 15. The soil in the threaded seam of the threaded drill bit 19 enters the through pipe 15 along with the threaded drill bit 19. S5. The solenoid valve 25 is opened. The elasticity of the airbag 29 allows the gas inside to enter the two rectangular grooves 35 through the L-shaped connecting pipe 28, the output pipe 27 and the second three-way pipe 24 and is located on the other side of the corresponding slider 37. With the cooperation of each compressed third spring 38, the two sliders 37 are brought close to each other, driving the two sealing plates 39 to approach each other to close the lower end of the through hole 14. The volume of the airbag 29 decreases as the gas is continuously reduced, and the seal is released. Then the device is pulled out of the drill hole, and the two sealing plates 39 are moved away from each other. Then the electric push rod 17 is extended to allow the threaded drill bit 19 to extend, and the soil in the threaded seam can be removed.

[0017] The circuits and electronic components involved in the present invention are all prior art and can be fully implemented by those skilled in the art. Needless to say, the content protected by the present invention does not involve improvements to internal structures and methods. It should be noted that the standard parts used in the present invention can be purchased from the market, and special-shaped parts can be customized according to the instructions and the drawings. The specific connection methods of each part adopt conventional means such as mature bolts, rivets, welding, etc. in the prior art. Machinery, parts and equipment all adopt conventional models in the prior art, and the inventor will not elaborate on them here.

[0018] In the description of this specification, the description with reference to the terms "one embodiment / method", "some embodiments / methods", "example", "specific example", or "some examples" means that the specific features, structures, materials or characteristics described in conjunction with the embodiment / method or example are included in at least one embodiment / method or example of the present application. In this specification, the schematic representations of the above terms do not necessarily refer to the same embodiment / method or example. Moreover, the specific features, structures, materials or characteristics described may be combined in any one or more embodiments / methods or examples in a suitable manner. In addition, those skilled in the art may combine and combine different embodiments / methods or examples described in this specification and the features of different embodiments / methods or examples, unless they are contradictory.

[0019] In addition, the terms "first" and "second" are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be understood as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of the indicated technical features. Therefore, the features defined as "first" and "second" may explicitly or implicitly include at least one of the features. In the description of this application, the meaning of "plurality" is at least two, such as two, three, etc., unless otherwise clearly and specifically defined.

[0020] Those skilled in the art should understand that the above embodiments are only for the purpose of clearly illustrating the present disclosure, and are not intended to limit the scope of the present disclosure. For those skilled in the art, other changes or modifications may be made based on the above disclosure, and these changes or modifications are still within the scope of the present disclosure.

Claims

1. A sampling method for geological environment exploration, characterized in that: First, collect the soil soaked in mud at the bottom of the borehole. At the same time, inflate the airbag during the collection process to allow the outer surface of the airbag to fill the borehole to prevent the mud above the borehole from continuously seeping down and affecting subsequent soil sampling. When the unsoaked soil is collected, the air cylinder in the airbag will enter the rectangular groove and push the sealing plate to restore its position to seal the through hole for storing the sampled soil: The method is implemented by using a sampling device for geological environment exploration, which includes components such as a collecting mechanism, a sampling mechanism and a protecting mechanism. The sampling mechanism is installed in the collecting mechanism, and the protecting mechanism is arranged in the collecting mechanism and the sampling mechanism. The collecting mechanism is used to collect soil soaked in mud at the bottom of the borehole, the sampling mechanism is used to sample soil that is not soaked in mud, and the protecting mechanism is used to protect the soil during and after sampling.

2. A sampling device for geological environment exploration according to claim 1, characterized in that: The collecting mechanism comprises a mounting seat (1), a first gear (11) is mounted at the center of the inner bottom surface of the mounting seat (1), a first motor (12) is mounted on the inner wall of the mounting seat (1) on one side of the first gear (11), a second gear (13) meshing with the first gear (11) is mounted at the driving end of the first motor (12), the lower end of the first gear (11) extends to the outside of the mounting seat (1) and is mounted with a sampling tube (2), and a round rod (40) is mounted at the center of the upper surface of the mounting seat (1).

3. A sampling device for geological environment exploration according to claim 2, characterized in that: A partition (3) is installed near the lower end of the sampling tube (2), the lower surface of the partition (3) is provided with a first fan-shaped opening (4), and an inclined scraper (5) is installed on the lower surface of the partition (3) at the edge of the first fan-shaped opening (4). A semi-cylindrical storage box (6) is installed above the partition (3) inside the sampling tube (2), and a second fan-shaped opening (7) is opened on the lower surface of the storage box (6) just below the first fan-shaped opening (4) and aligned with the first fan-shaped opening (4). A telescopic rod (8) is installed on the inner top surface of the storage box (6), and a piston plate (9) is installed at the lower end of the telescopic rod (8). A first spring (10) is sleeved on the surface of the telescopic rod (8) above the piston plate (9).

4. A sampling device for geological environment exploration according to claim 3, characterized in that: The sampling mechanism comprises a through hole (14) formed on the lower surface of the partition (3) and located on one side of the first fan-shaped opening (4); a through pipe (15) is installed at the upper end of the through hole (14); a mounting plate (16) is installed inside the sampling tube (2) above the through pipe (15); an electric push rod (17) is installed on the upper surface of the mounting plate (16) just above the through pipe (15); a telescopic arm of the electric push rod (17) passes through the mounting plate (16) and extends into the through pipe (15) and is installed with a second motor (18); a threaded drill bit (19) adapted to the through pipe (15) is installed at the driving end of the second motor (18).

5. A sampling device for geological environment exploration according to claim 4, characterized in that: The protection mechanism comprises two strip grooves (36) formed inside the partition (3) and on the side of the through hole (14); a strip groove (36) communicating with each rectangular groove (35) is formed on the lower surface of the partition (3) directly below the rectangular groove (35); a sliding block (37) adapted to the rectangular groove (35) is slidably provided in each rectangular groove (35); the lower ends of the two sliding blocks (37) pass through the corresponding strip grooves (36) and are provided with two sealing plates (39) corresponding to the lower ports of the through hole (14) for blocking; and a third spring (38) is provided on one side of the sliding block (37) in each rectangular groove (35).

6. A sampling device for geological environment exploration according to claim 5, characterized in that: A fixing seat (20) is installed at the center of the inner top surface of the sampling tube (2), and two empty grooves (21) are provided in the upper and lower parts of the fixing seat (20), and a baffle (22) is slidably arranged between the two empty grooves (21). A first three-way pipe (23) whose other two ends are connected to the two empty grooves (21) is installed on the inner top surface of the storage box (6), and an output pipe (27) is installed on the inner top surface of the upper empty groove (21) and extends into the cavity of the mounting seat (1) through the first gear (11), and the output pipe (27) and the first gear (11) are co-centered. An air bag (29) is installed on the side of the mounting seat (1), and the upper end of the output pipe (27) is rotatably connected to an L-shaped connecting pipe (28) connected to the air bag (29).

7. A sampling device for geological environment exploration according to claim 6, characterized in that: A detection rod (30) penetrating the partition (3) is installed at the center of the lower surface of the partition (3); a second spring (33) is installed between the fixing seat (20) and the detection rod (30); a vertical rod (31) is installed at the center of the lower surface of the fixing seat (20); a pressure sensor is installed at the lower end of the vertical rod (31); a third three-way pipe (26) is installed on the inner side of the empty groove (21) below; the other two ends of the third three-way pipe (26) are connected to the rectangular groove (35) and the connection is located on one side of the slider (37); a second three-way pipe (24) is also installed on the side of the output pipe (27); the other two ends of the second three-way pipe (24) are connected to the rectangular groove (35) and the connection is located on the other side of the slider (37); a solenoid valve (25) is installed on the second three-way pipe (24) near the output pipe (27); and a connecting rod (34) is installed at the upper end of the detection rod (30), the upper end of which is fixedly connected to the baffle (22).

8. A sampling method for geological environment exploration according to claim 7, using the device according to claim 7, characterized in that: The specific steps include: S1. The device is sent into a borehole containing mud through a round rod (40) until the sampling tube (2) approaches the bottom of the borehole. The first motor (12) is energized to drive the second gear (13) to rotate. The rotating second gear (13) drives the sampling tube (2) through the first gear (11). When the sampling tube (2) rotates, the sampling tube (2) drills into the soil soaked in mud at the bottom of the borehole. Since the soaked soil is soft, the detection rod (30) can be inserted into it. At the same time, the rotating sampling tube (2) drives the shovel blade (5) to rotate around the same center of the circle. The rotating shovel blade (5) is used to continuously shovel the soaked soil at the bottom of the borehole through the first fan-shaped opening (4) and the second fan-shaped opening (7) into the storage box (6). When the soil in the storage box (6) increases, the extrusion piston plate (9) rises, compressing the first spring (10) and the telescopic rod (8); S2, when the piston plate (9) continues to rise, the space above the piston plate (9) in the storage box (6) continues to decrease, and the gas above the piston plate (9) is sent into the empty groove (21) through the first three-way pipe (23). Since the baffle plate (22) blocks the empty groove (21) below, the gas enters the air bag (29) through the upper empty groove (21) and the output pipe (27) and the L-shaped connecting pipe (28), so that the air bag (29) is continuously bulged so that its side contacts the inner wall of the borehole, and the mounting seat (1) and the air bag (29) are used to block the borehole, thereby preventing the mud from continuously seeping down and soaking the soil at the bottom of the borehole during the process of collecting the soaked soil; S3. When the soaked soil is collected, the hardness of the unsoaked soil is high, so the detection rod (30) is limited and the detection rod (30) cannot be inserted into the soil, so that the descending sampling tube (2) drives the fixing seat (20) to descend and cooperate with the detection rod (30) to squeeze the second spring (33) until the pressure sensor (32) contacts the detection rod (30) and is squeezed. At the same time, the stationary detection rod (30) cooperates with the descending fixing seat (20) to move the baffle plate (22) to the upper empty groove (21) to block it, and then the gas in the storage box (6) passes through the gap between the lower empty groove (21) and the connecting rod (34) and the third three-way pipe (26) into the two rectangular grooves (35), pushing each slider (37) to move. Each moving slider (37) compresses the third spring (38) and drives the sealing plate (39) to move, so that the two sealing plates (39) move away from each other so that the lower end of the through hole (14) is opened; S4. When the pressure sensor (32) is subjected to pressure, the electric push rod (17) and the second motor (18) are operated. The operated second motor (18) drives the threaded drill bit (19) to rotate. The electric push rod (17) is extended to exert downward force on the threaded drill bit (19). The rotating threaded drill bit (19) slowly drills into the unsoaked soil, allowing the soil to enter the threaded seam of the threaded drill bit (19). When the electric push rod (17) is extended to the longest position, it automatically shortens, driving the threaded drill bit (19) to enter the through pipe (15). The soil in the threaded seam of the threaded drill bit (19) enters the through pipe (15) along with the threaded drill bit (19); S5, the solenoid valve (25) is opened, and the gas in the airbag (29) is allowed to enter the two rectangular grooves (35) through the elasticity of the airbag (29) through the L-shaped connecting pipe (28), the output pipe (27) and the second three-way pipe (24) and be located on the other side of the corresponding slider (37). The two sliders (37) are moved closer to each other in cooperation with each compressed third spring (38), and the two sealing plates (39) are driven to move closer to each other to seal the lower end of the through hole (14). The volume of the airbag (29) decreases as the gas is continuously reduced, and the seal is released. Then, the device is pulled out of the drill hole, and the two sealing plates (39) are moved away from each other. Then, the electric push rod (17) is extended to allow the threaded drill bit (19) to extend, and the soil in the threaded seam can be removed.

Images