Matrix water content monitoring method in factory seedling raising process

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of measurement and testing, and provides a matrix water content monitoring method in an industrialized seedling raising process, which comprises the following steps: S1, drawing a fresh weight change curve of a whole plate of plants; s2, measuring the mass water content of substrate subsoil and covering soil; s3, measuring the weight of each component of the whole seedling raising tray in the initial seedling raising state; and S4, monitoring the water content of the matrix in real time. The method can accurately monitor the water content of the substrate at any moment in the seedling raising process, provides scientific data support for the irrigation lower limit and duration of accurate water-saving irrigation during large-scale factory-like or centralized seedling raising production, achieves the purpose of efficient water saving, and generates good water-saving benefits.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the field of measurement and testing technology, and in particular to testing or analyzing materials by means of determining the chemical or physical properties of the materials. Background Art

[0002] At present, there are two methods for measuring soil moisture content: the weight method of dynamic point detection and the neutron instrument method, electromagnetic wave method and sensor method of fixed point detection.

[0003] The gravimetric method of dynamic point detection requires the collection of undisturbed soil samples for drying and measurement. However, in the factory-based seedling cultivation process, the undisturbed soil samples cannot be collected smoothly because the soil layer of the seedling cultivation matrix is ​​thin and contains a large number of seedling roots. Therefore, the gravimetric method of dynamic point detection is not suitable for the determination of soil moisture content in the seedling cultivation matrix during factory-based seedling cultivation.

[0004] When precision instruments such as the neutron instrument method, electromagnetic wave method, and sensor method for fixed-point detection measure soils with very high or very low water content, the error is large. However, the water content of the seed substrate during the seedling raising process is above 60% of the field water holding capacity, and even reaches the saturated water content, so fixed-point detection is not suitable for the determination of the water content of the seedling substrate. Moreover, the neutron instrument method, electromagnetic wave method, and sensor method for fixed-point detection require that the probe be completely buried in the soil. Since the seedling substrate has a thin soil layer and is wrapped with a large number of seedling roots, the instrument probe cannot be guaranteed to be completely wrapped in the seedling substrate. The seedling roots and air in contact with the probe seriously affect the accuracy of the instrument, resulting in the inability of the neutron instrument method, electromagnetic wave method, and sensor method for fixed-point detection to accurately measure the soil water content of the seedling substrate. Summary of the invention

[0005] In order to solve the above technical problems, the present invention provides a method for monitoring the moisture content of the substrate in the factory-based seedling cultivation process. The method for monitoring the moisture content of the substrate in the factory-based seedling cultivation process can accurately monitor the moisture content of the substrate at any time during the seedling cultivation process, and provide scientific data support for the irrigation lower limit and duration of precise water-saving irrigation in large-scale engineering seedling production.

[0006] The present invention is achieved through the following technical solutions.

[0007] The present invention provides a method for monitoring the moisture content of a substrate in a factory-based seedling raising process, comprising the following steps:

[0008] S1. Plotting of the fresh weight change curve of the whole tray of plants during the seedling growth period: Select a rice variety, sow N trays for seedling cultivation, take L trays out of them every day, wash them and weigh them, and plot the daily weighing values ​​as a time-series curve of the fresh weight change of the whole tray of plants; N is greater than 20 and is a multiple of 20, L = N / 20;

[0009] S2. Determination of mass moisture content of matrix subsoil and covering soil: Take M parts of the matrix subsoil and covering soil of the specified weight, dry them, and then weigh the weight after drying. The mass moisture content of the matrix subsoil and covering soil is calculated based on the difference in weight before and after drying;

[0010] S3, determination of the weight of each component of the entire seedling tray in the initial state of seedling raising: take 9 clean seedling raising trays and mark them with numbers, weigh the empty tray of each seedling raising tray, and weigh them again after filling with subsoil, sowing seeds, and filling with covering soil. The weight of the subsoil, seed weight, and covering soil weight are calculated based on the difference, and the dry weight of the substrate subsoil and covering soil in each tray is calculated based on the mass water content of the substrate subsoil and covering soil in S2;

[0011] S4. Real-time monitoring of substrate moisture content: Place 9 numbered seedling trays at positions near, middle and far from the sprinkler respectively, monitor the total weight of the 9 sample trays in real time, and calculate the substrate moisture content by combining the empty tray weight, the dry weight of the bottom soil and topsoil, and the fresh weight change curve of the whole tray plant.

[0012] When N seedling raising trays are sown in step S1, the outermost circle of the seedling raising trays is used as the protection zone, and L trays adjacent to the protection zone are taken every day, and the L trays are taken from the protection zone and placed in the empty spaces that have been taken away.

[0013] When washing in step S1, water is first added to rinse the soil, and then absorbent paper is attached to the leaves and roots to absorb water drops on the surface of the seedlings.

[0014] During the flushing, the water pressure is 0.07-0.1 MPa.

[0015] The step S1 is completed indoors.

[0016] In step S2, the specified weight is 4 to 6 g, and the value of M is 3.

[0017] In step S4, the weight of the whole tray of plants is first calculated by the seed weight and the fresh weight change curve of the whole tray of plants, and then the moisture content of the substrate is calculated according to the weight of the whole tray of plants, the weight of the seedling tray, the dry weight of the bottom soil, and the dry weight of the covering soil.

[0018] In step S3, nine seedling trays are grouped and placed in the seedling field and marked, wherein three seedling trays are placed at the intersection of the diagonals of any four nozzles in the field that are connected in a quadrilateral; another three seedling trays are placed at one-quarter of the diagonals of any four nozzles that are connected in a quadrilateral; and the last three seedling trays are placed at the end points of the diagonals of any four nozzles that are connected in a quadrilateral.

[0019] In the steps S1 and S2, the weighing accuracy is 0.01 g; in the step S3, the weighing accuracy is 1 g.

[0020] The beneficial effects of the present invention are that it can accurately monitor the moisture content of the substrate at any time during the seedling raising process, provide scientific data support for the irrigation lower limit and duration of precise water-saving irrigation during large-scale factory or centralized seedling raising production, achieve the purpose of efficient water saving, and produce good water-saving benefits. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0021] Figure 1 is a schematic diagram of a process of at least one embodiment of the present invention;

[0022] Figure 2 yes Figure 1 A schematic layout diagram of an implementation method of placing seedling trays in the real-time monitoring step of the moisture content of the medium substrate. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0023] The technical solution of the present invention is further described below, but the scope of protection claimed is not limited to the description.

[0024] A first embodiment of the present invention relates to Figure 1 The method for monitoring the moisture content of the substrate in the factory-based seedling raising process shown in the figure comprises the following steps:

[0025] S1. Plotting of the fresh weight change curve of the whole tray of plants during the seedling growth period: Select a rice variety, sow N trays for seedling cultivation, take L trays out of them every day, wash them and weigh them, and plot the daily weighing values ​​as a time-series curve of the fresh weight change of the whole tray of plants; N is greater than 20 and is a multiple of 20, L = N / 20;

[0026] S2. Determination of mass moisture content of matrix subsoil and covering soil: Take M parts of the matrix subsoil and covering soil of the specified weight, dry them, and then weigh the weight after drying. The mass moisture content of the matrix subsoil and covering soil is calculated based on the difference in weight before and after drying;

[0027] S3, determination of the weight of each component of the entire seedling tray in the initial state of seedling raising: take 9 clean seedling raising trays and mark them with numbers, weigh the empty tray of each seedling raising tray, and weigh them again after filling with subsoil, sowing seeds, and filling with covering soil. The weight of the subsoil, seed weight, and covering soil weight are calculated based on the difference, and the dry weight of the substrate subsoil and covering soil in each tray is calculated based on the mass water content of the substrate subsoil and covering soil in S2;

[0028] S4. Real-time monitoring of substrate moisture content: Place 9 numbered seedling trays at positions near, middle and far from the sprinkler respectively, monitor the total weight of the 9 sample trays in real time, and calculate the substrate moisture content by combining the empty tray weight, the dry weight of the bottom soil and topsoil, and the fresh weight change curve of the whole tray plant.

[0029] The second embodiment of the present invention is substantially the same as the first embodiment, mainly in that, when N seedling raising trays are sown in step S1, the outermost circle of the seedling raising trays is used as the protection zone, and L trays adjacent to the protection zone are taken out every day and placed in the empty spaces that have been taken out.

[0030] Furthermore, during the washing in step S1, water is first added to rinse the soil, and then absorbent paper is attached to the leaves and roots to absorb water droplets on the surface of the seedlings.

[0031] Preferably, when flushing, the water pressure is 0.07-0.1 MPa.

[0032] Furthermore, step S1 is completed indoors.

[0033] The third embodiment of the present invention is substantially the same as the first embodiment, mainly in that, in step S2, the specified weight is 4 to 6 g, and the value of M is 3.

[0034] Furthermore, in step S4, the weight of the whole tray of plants is first calculated by the seed weight and the fresh weight change curve of the whole tray of plants, and then the moisture content of the substrate is calculated according to the weight of the whole tray of plants, the weight of the seedling tray, the dry weight of the bottom soil, and the dry weight of the covering soil.

[0035] Further, in step S3, if Figure 2 As shown, nine seedling trays are grouped and placed in the seedling field and marked, wherein three seedling trays are placed at the intersection of the diagonals of any four nozzles A in the field that form a quadrilateral, i.e., position B1; another three seedling trays are placed at one-quarter of the diagonals of any four nozzles A in the field that form a quadrilateral, i.e., position B2; and the last three seedling trays are placed at the end points of the diagonals of any four nozzles A in the field that form a quadrilateral, i.e., position B3.

[0036] Furthermore, in step S1 and step S2, the weighing accuracy is 0.01 g; in step S3, the weighing accuracy is 1 g.

[0037] The third embodiment of the present invention is combined with the above embodiments and is accompanied by a detailed principle description.

[0038] The method includes four steps: drawing a curve of the fresh weight changes of the whole tray of plants during the whole growth period of the seedlings, determining the moisture content of the substrate subsoil and the covering soil, and monitoring, weighing and calculating the moisture content of the substrate soil.

[0039] A curve of the fresh weight changes of the whole tray of S1 seedlings during the entire growth period was drawn.

[0040] Select rice varieties, and three days before batch engineering seedling production, follow the factory seedling raising process and operation requirements, including germination, substrate and seedling tray disinfection, substrate filling, sowing, water and fertilizer management, pest and disease control, meteorological conditions, etc., to plant a batch of seedlings. The thickness and weight of the substrate subsoil and the covering soil are consistent, the seed weight is consistent and evenly sown, and the number of seedlings is 90 trays within the outermost circle of protection belts. During the seedling raising process, three trays of seedlings are taken from the protective belt at regular intervals every day. After taking the three trays, the seedling trays that make up the protective belt are placed back in the vacant position where the three trays were taken, so that the protective belt is always close to the inner seedling tray to prevent the marginal effect from affecting the test accuracy. Take out the substrate and seedlings from the three trays of seedlings and place them on a clean and flat ground. Use a hose to release water (water pressure 0.07-0.1MPa) to wash away the substrate soil. Wash until the roots of the seedlings are all white and there is no substrate residue on the roots and leaves of the seedlings. The pressure in this process should be moderate. Too high pressure will damage the seedlings, and too low pressure will not rinse the substrate soil clean. Spread the washed seedlings flat on absorbent paper in one direction. The absorbent paper is turned from one side parallel to the vertical direction of the seedlings to the other side to form a bundle. Press the bundled absorbent paper lightly to make the absorbent paper fully absorb the water droplets attached to the leaves and roots of the seedlings. Spread out the bundled absorbent paper, weigh the seedlings that have been dried by the tray, and record the fresh weight of each tray of seedlings every day. This process is completed quickly indoors to avoid the moisture in the seedlings from escaping and affecting the accuracy of the test. With the duration of the growing period as the horizontal axis and the time unit of the horizontal axis being hours, and the fresh weight of each tray of seedlings per day as the vertical axis, a curve chart of the changes in the fresh weight of the entire tray of seedlings during the seedling growth process is drawn.

[0041] S2 Subsoil and cover soil moisture content determination:

[0042] Weigh 3 portions of substrate subsoil and covering soil, each weighing about 5g, and dry them in an electric blast drying oven at 108°C for 8 hours. Weigh the weight of each portion of substrate subsoil and covering soil after drying, and calculate the mass moisture content of the substrate subsoil and covering soil.

[0043] S3 soil moisture monitoring and weighing

[0044] When raising seedlings in batches, select nine seedling trays, weigh them separately and record their weights. After filling the seedling substrate subsoil on the filling production line, weigh the nine seedling trays separately and calculate the weight of the nine seedling trays filled with subsoil. After sowing the seeds, weigh the nine seedling trays separately and calculate the weight of the nine seedling seeds. After filling the substrate covering soil on the filling production line, weigh the nine seedling trays separately and calculate the weight of the nine seedling trays filled with the substrate covering soil. Place the nine seedling trays with the weighed and recorded weights in the seedling field and mark them, three of which are placed at the intersection of the diagonals of the four sprinklers; three are placed at one-quarter of the diagonals of the four sprinklers; and three are placed at the end points of the diagonals of the four sprinklers. According to the needs of batch seedling irrigation management, weigh the total weight of the nine marked seedling trays in time. The accuracy of the balance used in the weighing process is 1g.

[0045] S4 Calculation

[0046] 1. Calculation of moisture content of substrate subsoil:

[0047]

[0048] Where W1 is the moisture content of the matrix subsoil; m1 is the weight of the matrix subsoil before drying; m2 is the weight of the matrix subsoil after drying.

[0049] 2. Calculation of moisture content of substrate covering soil:

[0050]

[0051] Where W2 is the moisture content of the substrate covering soil; m3 is the weight of the substrate covering soil before drying; m4 is the weight of the substrate covering soil after drying.

[0052] 3. Calculation of dry weight of substrate subsoil in S3:

[0053]

[0054] Among them, m6 is the dry weight of the subsoil of the seedling tray matrix marked in S3; m5 is the natural dry weight of the subsoil of the seedling tray matrix marked in S3; W1 is the mass moisture content of the subsoil of the seedling tray matrix marked in S3.

[0055] 4. Calculation of dry weight of substrate covering soil in S3:

[0056]

[0057] Among them, m8 is the dry weight of the soil covering the substrate of the seedling tray marked in S3; m7 is the natural dry weight of the soil covering the substrate of the seedling tray marked in S3; W2 is the water content of the soil covering the substrate of the seedling tray marked in S3.

[0058] 5. Calculation of water content of substrate mass during seedling raising:

[0059]

[0060] Where W i is the mass water content of the substrate subsoil and covering soil in the seedling tray at each marked monitoring time in S3; m j is the total weight of each marked seedling tray at the monitoring time in S3 (including seedling tray, substrate subsoil, substrate cover soil, fresh weight of seedlings, and moisture in the substrate); m9 is the empty tray weight of each marked seedling tray in S3; m6 is the dry weight of the substrate subsoil of each marked seedling tray in S3; m8 is the dry weight of the substrate cover soil of each marked seedling tray in S3; m i It is the fresh weight of the seedlings in the seedling tray at each mark at the monitoring time in S3. The specific value is the fresh weight of the seedlings corresponding to the growth period in S1.

[0061] Therefore, the present invention creatively solves the problem of monitoring the soil moisture content of the seedling substrate during the factory-based seedling raising process. Since the weight method is the most basic method for determining soil moisture content, it is an effective method for testing the accuracy of other methods for determining soil moisture content. The present invention is actually an improved version of the weight method. The weight of the empty seedling tray, the substrate covering soil, the substrate subsoil and other parts are accurately weighed during the monitoring process. The operation is simple, the interference factors affecting the accuracy of the test are reduced, and the accuracy of the monitoring results is guaranteed. In the drawing of the fresh weight change curve of the whole tray of plants during the entire growth period of the seedlings, the production process management of raising a small batch of seedlings three days in advance is completely consistent with the subsequent large-scale engineering seedling raising, and the growth conditions such as water, fertilizer and meteorology are basically the same, ensuring that the growth of the two batches of seedlings is basically the same. The fresh weight of the whole tray of seedlings during the entire growth period of the seedlings is measured by the method of regularly measuring the fresh weight of each tray of seedlings every day, and the fresh weight change curve of the whole tray of plants during the entire growth period is drawn, and the fresh weight change of a tray of seedlings during the entire growth period is scientifically measured.

Claims

1. A method for monitoring the moisture content of substrate during factory-based seedling cultivation, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: S1. Plotting of the fresh weight change curve of the whole tray of plants during the seedling growth period: Select a rice variety, sow N trays for seedling cultivation, take L trays out of them every day, wash them and weigh them, and plot the daily weighing values ​​as a time-series curve of the fresh weight change of the whole tray of plants; N is greater than 20 and is a multiple of 20, L = N / 20; S2. Determination of mass moisture content of matrix subsoil and covering soil: Take about 5g of matrix subsoil and covering soil respectively, dry them, and then weigh the weight after drying. The mass moisture content of matrix subsoil and covering soil is calculated based on the difference in weight before and after drying; S3, determination of the weight of each component of the entire seedling tray in the initial state of seedling raising: take 9 clean seedling raising trays and mark them with numbers, weigh the empty tray of each seedling raising tray, and weigh them again after filling with subsoil, sowing seeds, and filling with covering soil. The weight of the subsoil, seed weight, and covering soil weight are calculated based on the difference, and the dry weight of the substrate subsoil and covering soil in each tray is calculated based on the mass water content of the substrate subsoil and covering soil in S2; S4. Real-time monitoring of substrate moisture content: Place 9 numbered seedling trays at positions near, middle and far from the sprinkler respectively, monitor the total weight of the 9 sample trays in real time, and calculate the substrate moisture content by combining the empty tray weight, the dry weight of the bottom soil and topsoil, and the fresh weight change curve of the whole tray plant.

2. The method for monitoring the moisture content of the substrate during the factory-based seedling raising process according to claim 1, characterized in that: When N seedling raising trays are sown in step S1, the outermost circle of the seedling raising trays is used as the protection zone, and L trays adjacent to the protection zone are taken every day, and the L trays are taken from the protection zone and placed in the empty spaces that have been taken away.

3. The method for monitoring the moisture content of the substrate during the factory-based seedling raising process according to claim 1, characterized in that: When washing in step S1, water is first added to rinse the soil, and then absorbent paper is attached to the leaves and roots to absorb water drops on the surface of the seedlings.

4. The method for monitoring the moisture content of the substrate during the factory-based seedling raising process as claimed in claim 3, characterized in that: During the flushing, the water pressure is 0.07-0.1 MPa.

5. The method for monitoring the moisture content of the substrate during the factory-based seedling raising process according to claim 1, characterized in that: The step S1 is completed indoors.

6. The method for monitoring the moisture content of the substrate during the factory-based seedling raising process according to claim 1, characterized in that: In step S2, the specified weight is 4 to 6 g, and the value of M is 3.

7. The method for monitoring the moisture content of the substrate during the factory-based seedling raising process according to claim 1, characterized in that: In step S4, the weight of the whole tray of plants is first calculated by the seed weight and the fresh weight change curve of the whole tray of plants, and then the moisture content of the substrate is calculated according to the weight of the whole tray of plants, the weight of the seedling tray, the dry weight of the bottom soil, and the dry weight of the covering soil.

8. The method for monitoring the moisture content of the substrate during the factory-based seedling raising process according to claim 1, characterized in that: In step S3, nine seedling trays are grouped and placed in the seedling field and marked, wherein three seedling trays are placed at the intersection of the diagonals of any four nozzles in the field that are connected in a quadrilateral; another three seedling trays are placed at one-quarter of the diagonals of any four nozzles that are connected in a quadrilateral; and the last three seedling trays are placed at the end points of the diagonals of any four nozzles that are connected in a quadrilateral.

9. The method for monitoring the moisture content of the substrate during the factory-based seedling raising process according to claim 1, characterized in that: In the steps S1 and S2, the weighing accuracy is 0.01 g; in the step S3, the weighing accuracy is 1 g.

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