Account asset data structure and block chain transaction responsibility tracing method

Abstract

The invention discloses an account asset data structure and a block chain transaction responsibility tracing method. According to the invention, a brand new account asset data structure is provided in combination with the UTXO model, so that transaction tracking from an account level and a transaction level is realized. The account asset data structure comprises three key data structures, namely a transfer structure, a balance structure and an account structure, and the three key data structures are associated in a chain structure according to a transaction relationship. In the actual transaction history traceability process, through the chain structure, the data structure can trace the transaction record forwards step by step, so that the time complexity of the transaction is reduced to be linear. By means of the design, the tracing efficiency is remarkably improved, and a supervisor can obtain transaction information more quickly and accurately. Meanwhile, balance change information of an account level can be paid attention to.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to a blockchain transaction responsibility tracing method, and in particular to an account asset data structure and a blockchain transaction responsibility tracing method. Background Art

[0002] The data records on the blockchain are packaged into blocks, and the block header contains a hash pointer pointing to the previous block, forming a chain record of data blocks. The data source can be found block by block based on the pointer, so it naturally has the property of data traceability.

[0003] However, when forming data blocks, blockchain platforms combine and package multiple transactions and multiple sets of data. Although this ensures a complete record of valid transactions and related data, when tracing a single transaction, in the absence of additional historical records to support accurate traceability, it is necessary to traverse the data blocks on the time span of the transaction to query. When a data block contains many transactions, the computational overhead and time cost of tracing the source are too high. The associated accounting system only records the incoming and outgoing payments of related accounts, requiring only the balance of account incoming and outgoing payments, and does not care about the sustainable traceability of the transaction subject after leaving the account. The anti-censorship mechanism represented by the "mixing pool" takes advantage of the shortcomings of this mechanism design. Even in some non-open source alliance chain systems developed to serve the physical supply chain, due to the lack of recording and maintenance of the mapping relationship between incoming and outgoing storage under the same account, the traceability of items in complex logistics processes involving multiple parties can usually only rely on traditional technologies such as barcodes or product serial numbers. In the face of problems such as counterfeiting and gray supply channels, it is technically impossible to provide effective and reliable prevention measures. Therefore, how to improve the ability to effectively trace on-chain data, accurately trace the content of transactions, and avoid meaningless tracing of irrelevant content is a challenging problem that needs to be solved urgently.

[0004] The existing Ethereum technology is an account model based on account balances. In this model, each account has a continuously updated state, including the current balance, transaction count (nonce), and related smart contract status. Transaction processing simply adjusts the account balance, increasing or decreasing the corresponding amount. Transactions only involve simple increases and decreases in account balances. After each transaction is processed, the original source of funds information is "erased" and only the new balance result is retained. Therefore, once funds enter the account, its historical record is eliminated, and only the current number representing the account status remains.

[0005] In the account model based on account balance, the tracing of transaction history often requires traversing the entire blockchain, which not only significantly increases the time cost of transaction supervision, but also may lead to inefficiency and waste of resources. Especially when the number of transactions is large, the delay and complexity of the system in processing are particularly prominent.

[0006] In addition, for those trading objects with homogeneous properties, the system usually only records the basic inflows and outflows of related accounts, but lacks sustainable tracking of trading objects after they leave the accounts. This design makes it difficult to track the whereabouts and status of trading objects in multi-party transactions or complex supply chain scenarios, further weakening the transparency and trust of the system.

[0007] Under regulatory requirements, the flow of each fund needs to clearly indicate which specific input goes to which output. Tracking the flow of funds requires indirect inference by examining the transaction history of the account, which may pose certain challenges for scenarios that require high-level audits or supervision. Therefore, improving the traceability and regulatory efficiency of transactions has become an important issue that needs to be addressed. Summary of the invention

[0008] In order to improve the ability to effectively trace on-chain data, the present invention proposes an account asset data structure and a blockchain transaction responsibility tracing method. The present invention combines the UTXO model and proposes a new account asset structure design scheme, so as to achieve the tracking of transactions from the account level and the transaction level. The present invention establishes three key data structures, namely: transfer structure transfer, balance structure balance and account structure account, and associates them with a chain structure according to the transaction relationship. In the actual transaction history tracing process, through this chain structure, the present invention can trace the transaction records step by step, thereby reducing the time complexity of the transaction to linear. This design significantly improves the tracing efficiency, allowing regulators to obtain transaction information more quickly and accurately. At the same time, you can pay attention to the balance change information at the account level.

[0009] In addition, in the process of reviewing the legality of transactions, the present invention not only focuses on whether the transaction objects are held in sufficient quantity, but also emphasizes the detailed record of the source of each transaction object. By realizing point-to-point precise tracking of historical transaction records of transaction objects with homogeneous characteristics, the transparency and verifiability of transactions are effectively enhanced. This innovative design not only improves data traceability, but also opens up broader prospects for the application of blockchain technology.

[0010] The technical solution of the present invention is as follows:

[0011] 1. An account asset data structure

[0012] The account asset data structure includes an account structure account, a balance structure balance and a transfer structure transfer;

[0013] The account structure account is used to store the account ID and the different balance structures balance under each account;

[0014] The balance structure balance is used to store the asset balance ID, the transaction ID that generated the asset balance, and the value of the current asset amount;

[0015] The transfer structure transfer is used to store the transaction ID, input balance and its source, the usage amount of the corresponding balance ID, and the transaction output account during the transaction process.

[0016] In the transfer structure transfer, there is only one transaction output account.

[0017] The asset balance includes digital currency, energy quotas, allocation quotas in the dual carbon field, and physical assets in the supply chain.

[0018] 2. A blockchain transaction responsibility tracing method using account asset data structure

[0019] During the transaction, the operating terminal stores each account and its transaction data according to the account asset data structure, and then stores all account asset data in the database of the blockchain node through the smart contract on the chain;

[0020] During the tracing process, for the source of each fund balance, the transfer structure transfer in the account asset data structure corresponding to the current fund balance is obtained, and the input balance and its source of the transaction are obtained from the transfer structure transfer, so as to determine the fund balance of the previous level, and then trace it step by step to form a chain traceability until the transaction responsibility traceability is completed.

[0021] 3. A computer device

[0022] The device includes a memory and a processor, the memory stores a computer program, and the processor implements the steps of a blockchain transaction responsibility tracing method using an account asset data structure when executing the computer program.

[0023] 4. A computer-readable storage medium

[0024] The medium stores a computer program, which, when executed by a processor, implements the steps of a blockchain transaction responsibility tracing method using an account asset data structure.

[0025] V. A computer program product

[0026] The product includes a computer program / instruction, which, when executed by a processor, implements the steps of a blockchain transaction responsibility tracing method using an account asset data structure.

[0027] The beneficial effects of the present invention are:

[0028] 1. Accurately track transactions with homogeneous characteristics:

[0029] In the transfer structure transfer, the balance array balances lists the source of the assets input for each transaction, and the system can clearly identify the specific origin of each asset. This transparent recording method ensures that the flow of all transaction objects can be traced, greatly reducing the risk of asset confusion. The spending array spend records in detail the amount of each asset used in the transaction, which not only helps to accurately calculate the actual flow of each transaction, but also prevents double-spending attacks (that is, the same asset is repeatedly consumed). When dealing with homogeneous assets, through the combination of the balance array balances and the spending array spend, the system can manage each asset in detail to ensure the transparency and traceability of its transaction history.

[0030] 2. Effective tracing capabilities at the transaction level and monitoring capabilities at the account level:

[0031] The transfer structure "transfer" clearly records the input and output information of each transaction, making the path of fund flow clear at a glance. The balance structure "balance" points to the transaction that generates each balance, ensuring that the correlation between transactions is maintained, making tracking more direct and rapid. The account structure "account" provides account-level management, so that the balance changes of each account can be effectively monitored. Through this design, users and regulators can quickly find the source and flow of funds, reducing the need to traverse the entire block in full, greatly improving the system's response speed and data processing efficiency. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0032] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the account asset structure.

[0033] Figure 2 It is a schematic diagram of a transaction example in this embodiment.

[0034] Figure 3 Schematic diagram of the traceability example in this embodiment. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0035] The present invention is further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.

[0036] Blockchain transaction traceability is a way to track and verify transaction records using blockchain technology. Based on the decentralized and transparent characteristics of blockchain, all transaction records are publicly stored on a public ledger and can be viewed and verified by everyone. Since every transaction on the blockchain is recorded in a block, and once the record is completed, it is difficult to tamper with or delete, which makes the complete record of each transaction permanently stored on the chain, so users can rely on the immutability of the blockchain to trace the origin and destination of the transaction.

[0037] Based on the account model based on account balance, the present invention combines the UTXO model to construct a chain relationship between transaction input and output, so as to facilitate accurate traceability. In the traditional account model, only the changes in the current account balance are recorded, and the association between transaction input and output is not effectively established, which results in the need to traverse the entire block when tracing the source of each transaction. This process is not only complicated and time-consuming, but also increases the difficulty of tracing. Therefore, the present invention introduces the balance structure balance, which aims to enhance the correlation between input and output between transactions and promote step-by-step traceability. This innovative design significantly reduces the time complexity of tracing, making the tracing of transaction history more efficient and convenient. In addition, multiple asset balances are introduced under the same account to distinguish transactions with homogeneous characteristics, which further enhances the ability to accurately track each balance of the user. In this way, the present invention can achieve comprehensive monitoring and tracking of transaction objects and ensure the transparency and verifiability of transactions. This not only optimizes the application of blockchain technology in asset management, but also provides more effective support for supervision and compliance.

[0038] The details are as follows:

[0039] like Figure 1 As shown, the account asset data structure includes the account structure account, the balance structure balance and the transfer structure transfer;

[0040] The account structure account is used to store the account ID and the different balance structures balance under each account through the balances array. In this embodiment, the account ID is identified by the account number aid, and the balance array balances is used to identify the balances of different assets under the account to distinguish homogeneous currencies.

[0041] The balance structure balance is used to store the asset balance ID, the transaction ID that generates the asset balance, and the value of the current asset amount. In this embodiment, the asset balance ID is identified by the balance number bid; the transaction ID that generates the asset balance is identified by the transaction number tid, thereby linking to the previous round of transactions and enhancing the correlation between transaction structures for tracing operations; the remaining amount of the balance is identified by the amount amount, and the remaining amount after each transaction is recorded for the next transaction.

[0042] The transfer structure transfer is used to store the transaction ID, input balance and its source, the amount used for the corresponding balance ID, and the transaction output account during the transaction. In this embodiment, the transaction ID is identified by the transaction number tid; the input array inputs is used to identify the input amount, indicating the source of each incoming fund; the expenditure array spend is used to identify the amount used for the corresponding balance balance; the output output is used to identify the account to which the transaction is finally output, and at the same time, the transaction output is limited to only one account, thereby avoiding malicious transactions that disperse multiple account balances to multiple accounts, making the tracing process more efficient.

[0043] Asset balances include digital currencies, energy quotas, allocation quotas in the dual carbon fields, and physical assets in the supply chain.

[0044] The present invention also proposes a blockchain transaction responsibility tracing method using an account asset data structure, the method comprising:

[0045] During the transaction, the operating terminal stores each account and its transaction data according to the account asset data structure, and then stores all account asset data in the database of the blockchain node through the smart contract on the chain;

[0046] Transaction examples Figure 2 As shown. Zhang San deposited 60 units and 20 units of currency in account a1 in January and February, marked as b1 and b2 respectively. At the same time, under account a2, he has 30 units of currency from the last transaction, marked as b3. When Zhang San needs to transfer 100 units of currency to Li Si's account a3, he must clearly state the source composition of these 100 units of currency. For example, 50 units of the 100 units of currency come from deposits in January, 20 units come from deposits in February, and 30 units come from the balance of the last transaction. Therefore, after the transfer is completed, Zhang San's remaining balance in account a1 is 10 units of currency, which comes from the deposit b1 in January. This clear source identification not only improves the transparency of transactions, but also facilitates subsequent audits and supervision.

[0047] In actual application, the asset balance corresponding to the balance structure balance can be in various forms, such as digital currency, energy quotas or allocation quotas in the dual-carbon field, or even physical assets in the supply chain. Since the balance structure balance points to the specific transaction that generates the balance, the association between each input of the transaction and the output of the previous transaction can be easily established through the balance structure balance. This mechanism effectively enhances the traceability of transactions, makes the history of asset circulation clearer, and provides strong support for the management and supervision of various types of assets. Since the transfer of each transaction subject records its source and destination, the responsible party for each circulation can be efficiently traced.

[0048] During the tracing process, for the source of each fund balance, the transfer structure transfer in the account asset data structure corresponding to the current fund balance is obtained from the database of the blockchain node, and the input balance and its source of the transaction are obtained from the transfer structure transfer, so as to determine the fund balance of the previous level, and then trace it back level by level to form a chain traceability until the transaction responsibility traceability is completed.

[0049] Track the source of funds, taking the tracing of funds in balance b6 as an example, Figure 3 As shown. Starting from transaction t4, the source of transaction input b6 is traced, and the tid in the b6 structure is used to track to transaction t3, so that the balance b6 is obtained by combining the balances of b4 and b5. Continue to trace to the next level, and finally it can be concluded that the source of the fund balance b6 is b1, b2, and b3.

[0050] This method converts traversal traceability into chain traceability, which reduces the difficulty of traceability and simplifies the tracking process, making the capital flow path clearer and more identifiable, so that regulators can quickly obtain the required capital flow information and improve the efficiency of the system. By accurately locating the source of each transaction, the relevant parties can better understand the flow of funds, thereby improving the trust and security of the entire system.

[0051] Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments and explanations are only used to illustrate the technical solution of the present invention rather than to limit it. Those skilled in the art should understand that the technical solution of the present invention can be modified or replaced by equivalents without departing from the spirit and scope disclosed in the technical solution of the present invention, which should be included in the scope of protection of the claims of the present invention.

Claims

1. An account asset data structure, characterized in that: The account asset data structure includes an account structure account, a balance structure balance and a transfer structure transfer; The account structure account is used to store the account ID and the different balance structures balance under each account; The balance structure balance is used to store the asset balance ID, the transaction ID that generated the asset balance, and the value of the current asset amount; The transfer structure transfer is used to store the transaction ID, input balance and its source, the usage amount of the corresponding balance ID, and the transaction output account during the transaction process.

2. An account asset data structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: In the transfer structure transfer, there is only one transaction output account.

3. An account asset data structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: The asset balance includes digital currency, energy quotas, allocation quotas in the dual carbon field, and physical assets in the supply chain.

4. A blockchain transaction responsibility tracing method using the account asset data structure of claim 1, characterized in that: include: During the transaction, the operating terminal stores each account and its transaction data according to the account asset data structure, and then stores all account asset data in the database of the blockchain node through the smart contract on the chain; During the tracing process, for the source of each fund balance, the transfer structure transfer in the account asset data structure corresponding to the current fund balance is obtained, and the input balance and its source of the transaction are obtained from the transfer structure transfer, so as to determine the fund balance of the previous level, and then trace it step by step to form a chain traceability until the transaction responsibility traceability is completed.

5. A computer device comprising a memory and a processor, wherein the memory stores a computer program, wherein: When the processor executes the computer program, the steps of a blockchain transaction responsibility tracing method using an account asset data structure as described in claim 4 are implemented.

6. A computer-readable storage medium having a computer program stored thereon, characterized in that: When the computer program is executed by the processor, the steps of a blockchain transaction responsibility tracing method using an account asset data structure as described in claim 4 are implemented.

7. A computer program product comprising a computer program / instructions, characterized in that When the computer program / instructions are executed by the processor, the steps of a blockchain transaction responsibility tracing method using an account asset data structure as described in claim 4 are implemented.

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