Intelligent construction site traffic coordination system based on V2X
By adopting a V2X-based intelligent traffic coordination system on construction sites, the vehicle status information is collected and processed in real time, and the vehicle driving path and operation process are optimized, the problems of difficult vehicle coordination and frequent safety accidents are solved on the construction site, and traffic efficiency and construction safety are improved.
Patent Information
- Application Number
- CN202411908975.4
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Applications(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- Filing Date
- 2024-12-24
- Publication Date
- 2025-03-28
AI Technical Summary
On large construction sites, the entry and exit of engineering vehicles requires strict speed limits and route planning. Manual coordination is prone to misjudgment and negligence, resulting in frequent traffic congestion and safety accidents. It lacks real-time data support, making it difficult to fully grasp the dynamics of the vehicle, affecting the construction progress and efficiency.
The intelligent construction site traffic coordination system based on V2X is adopted, including vehicle-mounted units, roadside units and central management units. Vehicle status information is collected and transmitted in real time through V2X communication technology. The central management unit performs data processing and intelligent scheduling to optimize the vehicle's driving path and operation process.
Accurate monitoring and intelligent scheduling of vehicle location, speed, operating status and other information is realized, which significantly improves traffic coordination efficiency, reduces traffic congestion and accident rates, and optimizes construction progress and safety.
Smart Images
Figure CN119723883A_ABST
Abstract
Description
Technical Field
[0001] The present invention relates to the field of intelligent transportation technology, and in particular to a V2X-based intelligent construction site traffic coordination system. Background Art
[0002] On large construction sites, construction vehicles (such as excavators, cranes, concrete mixers, etc.) frequently enter and exit, and various speed limits are usually required for vehicles. At the same time, specific vehicle routes need to be planned to avoid conflicts with pedestrians, construction machinery, etc.; overlaps should be minimized when planning routes to avoid congestion; this requires not only efficient coordination of the operating sequence of vehicles, but also ensuring the safe operation of vehicles. The use of manual command and experience is prone to misjudgment and negligence, leading to frequent traffic congestion and safety accidents. In addition, due to the lack of real-time data support, managers find it difficult to fully grasp the dynamic situation of vehicles and cannot adjust scheduling strategies in a timely manner, thus affecting construction progress and efficiency; they react slowly to emergencies and find it difficult to take effective measures quickly. Summary of the invention
[0003] In order to solve the above-mentioned problems in the prior art, the present invention provides a V2X-based intelligent construction site traffic coordination system.
[0004] The present invention provides a V2X-based intelligent construction site traffic coordination system, comprising: a vehicle-mounted unit, a roadside unit and a central management unit;
[0005] The on-board unit is used to collect vehicle status information and complete data transmission with the roadside unit through V2X communication technology;
[0006] The roadside unit is arranged at a key position of the construction site, and is used to forward data received from the vehicle-mounted unit to the central management unit or to send a dispatch instruction generated by the central management unit to the vehicle-mounted unit;
[0007] The central management unit is used to collect and process the on-board unit data received from the roadside unit, optimize the vehicle driving path and operation process, and generate dispatch instructions to be sent to the on-board unit through the roadside unit.
[0008] Furthermore, the on-board unit includes a V2X communication module, a GPS module, an IMU unit, a CAN bus interface, a microprocessor and a power management module. The on-board unit has a unique identification ID. When uploading data, the ID is uploaded together with the collected data.
[0009] Furthermore, the data collection and processing process in the central management unit includes:
[0010] Data cleaning: remove noise from sensor data and eliminate outliers;
[0011] Data storage: It is divided into real-time data and historical data. Real-time data is stored in the memory database for real-time processing, and historical data is stored in the relational database or NoSQL database for subsequent analysis. Real-time data contains vehicle status information. The central management unit uses stream processing technology and event-driven mechanism for real-time processing, and triggers the corresponding processing logic according to preset rules.
[0012] Furthermore, the central management unit optimizes the vehicle driving path and the operation process, specifically including: calculating the shortest path of each vehicle operation through the shortest path algorithm; managing the vehicle operations through the priority queue, and optimizing and adjusting the priority queue through the dynamic programming algorithm.
[0013] Furthermore, the management of the priority queue by the dynamic programming algorithm is specifically as follows:
[0014] Furthermore, the generation and issuance of the dispatch instruction is as follows: the central management unit generates a dispatch instruction according to the result of the optimization adjustment, and sends it to the vehicle-mounted unit of the corresponding ID through the roadside unit; after receiving the instruction, the vehicle-mounted unit returns a confirmation message; the dispatch instruction includes a driving route and a work task list, the driving route includes a starting point, an end point and a passing point; the work task list includes work content, priority and time requirements.
[0015] Furthermore, the vehicle status information includes: the location, speed and operating status of the vehicle.
[0016] Furthermore, the key locations include entrances, exits and intersections of the construction site.
[0017] The beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows: the present invention realizes accurate monitoring and intelligent scheduling of vehicle position, speed, operating status and other information through real-time communication and data exchange, thereby significantly improving traffic coordination efficiency, reducing traffic congestion and accident rates, and optimizing construction progress and safety through real-time data support and dynamic adjustment strategies. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
[0018] Figure 1 It is a system structure diagram of the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION
[0019] The following will be combined with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention to clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.
[0020] Example 1: Reference Figure 1 As shown, an intelligent construction site traffic coordination system based on V2X according to an embodiment of the present invention includes a vehicle-mounted unit, a roadside unit (RSU) and a central management unit. The vehicle-mounted unit integrates a V2X communication module, GPS, IMU, a CAN bus interface, a microprocessor and a power management module, and is responsible for collecting vehicle status information and communicating with the central management unit through the roadside unit; the roadside unit is deployed at a key position on the construction site, equipped with a V2X communication module, a processor, a power management and an antenna, and serves as an intermediate communication bridge between the vehicle and the central management unit; the central management unit collects, processes and analyzes vehicle data through a server, a database, a data processing module, a communication module and a user interface, and uses an intelligent algorithm to optimize the vehicle driving path and operation process, thereby improving the efficiency and safety of construction site traffic.
[0021] The on-board unit, roadside unit and central management unit of this system perform real-time data transmission and communication through the v2x protocol, forming a closed-loop intelligent construction site traffic coordination system.
[0022] The on-board unit is installed on each engineering vehicle to collect vehicle status information such as the vehicle's location, speed, operating status, and communicate with the central management unit; the equipment includes a V2X communication module, a GPS module, an IMU (inertial measurement unit), a CAN bus interface, a microprocessor, and a power management module. The V2X communication module supports the DSRC (dedicated short-range communication) or C-V2X (cellular vehicle-to-everything) standards to ensure efficient communication between vehicles and with infrastructure. The GPS module updates the vehicle's location information once a second, the IMU updates the vehicle's speed, acceleration, and direction information multiple times a second, the CAN bus interface reads the vehicle's internal status information in real time, the microprocessor processes sensor data and controls the communication module, and the power management module ensures stable power supply for the equipment under various working conditions.
[0023] Roadside units (RSUs) are installed at key locations on the site, such as entrances, exits, intersections, etc., to communicate with vehicles. The equipment includes a V2X communication module, a processor, a power management module, and an antenna. The V2X communication module supports DSRC or C-V2X standards, receives and forwards data sent by the vehicle-mounted unit, and communicates with the central management unit. The processor processes the received data and controls the communication module, the power management module ensures stable power supply for the equipment under various working conditions, and the antenna enhances the coverage of the communication signal to ensure reliable data transmission.
[0024] The central management unit is responsible for collecting and processing data from each on-board unit and roadside unit, optimizing the vehicle's driving path and operating sequence through intelligent algorithms, and sending instructions to the vehicle. The system includes a server, a database, a data processing module, a communication module, and a user interface. The server is used for data processing and storage, and can use a cloud server or a local server. The database stores the real-time and historical data of the vehicle. Common databases include MongoDB, MySQL, etc. The data processing module uses big data processing technology and machine learning algorithms for data processing and analysis. The communication module supports communication protocols such as 4G / 5G, Wi-Fi, LoRa, etc., and communicates data with the on-board unit and the roadside unit. The user interface provides a web interface for managers to perform real-time monitoring and scheduling operations.
[0025] The system uses V2X technology to achieve real-time, efficient and secure data communication, and realizes seamless connection between vehicles and roadside units and central management units. The vehicle-mounted unit transmits information such as location, speed, and operation status to the roadside unit (RSU) in real time, and then the RSU forwards it to the central management unit for data processing and intelligent scheduling. The central management unit uses this data to optimize the path, assign tasks, and generate scheduling instructions, which are sent to the vehicle-mounted unit through the RSU. At the same time, V2X technology also supports real-time monitoring and manual adjustment to ensure that the efficiency and safety of construction site transportation are significantly improved.
[0026] In terms of data collection and transmission: the on-board unit transmits the collected vehicle location, speed, operating status and other data to the nearest roadside unit (RSU) in real time through the V2X communication module, and then forwarded by the RSU to the central management unit. The data format uses JSON or binary format to ensure efficient transmission and parsing. Specifically, the GPS module updates the vehicle's location information once a second, the IMU updates the vehicle's speed, acceleration and direction information multiple times a second, and the CAN bus interface reads the vehicle's internal status information in real time, transmits it to the RSU through the V2X communication module, and then forwarded by the RSU to the central management unit. The messages sent from the vehicle to the RSU and from the RSU to the system are roughly the same. The forwarded content will include all the status of the vehicle. The detailed v2x message data is shown in Table 1.
[0027] Table 1
[0028] Field Name Data Types describe timestamp String Timestamp of message generation (ISO8601 format) rsu_id String The ID that uniquely identifies each RSU vehicle_data Array Vehicle status data array vehicle_id String Unique ID for each vehicle position Object Location Information latitude Float Latitude coordinates longitude Float Longitude coordinates altitude Float Altitude speed Float Current vehicle speed (unit: km / h) acceleration Object Acceleration information x Float Lateral acceleration y Float Longitudinal acceleration z Float Vertical acceleration heading Float The current direction of the vehicle (in degrees) status string The working status of the vehicle (such as driving, stopping, operating, etc.) internal_state Object Internal status information engine_rpm Integer Engine speed fuel_level Float Oil volume (unit: liter) temperature Float Temperature inside the vehicle (unit: Celsius)
[0029] In terms of data processing and analysis: the central management unit cleans and stores the received data, and uses big data processing technology and machine learning algorithms for real-time processing and analysis. Data cleaning includes denoising and anomaly detection. Filtering algorithms (such as Kalman filtering) are used to remove noise from sensor data, and outliers are detected and eliminated through statistical methods. Data storage is divided into real-time data and historical data. Real-time data is stored in the memory database for real-time processing, and historical data is stored in the relational database or NoSΩL database for subsequent analysis. Real-time data will contain the location and status information of the work vehicle. The system uses stream processing technology and event-driven mechanism for real-time processing, and triggers the corresponding processing logic according to preset rules.
[0030] In terms of intelligent scheduling algorithms: The central management unit optimizes the vehicle's driving path through graph theory algorithms to reduce congestion and waiting time. Specifically, the A algorithm and Dijkstra algorithm are used to calculate the shortest path, dynamically adjust the path to plan the traffic conditions of the construction site vehicles, and ensure the shortest time and minimum energy consumption. At the same time, priority queues and dynamic programming algorithms are used to optimize the operation sequence of vehicles, and tasks are assigned according to the vehicle's operating status and priority to ensure efficient operation. Priority queues are used to manage the priority of tasks, and dynamic programming algorithms are used to optimize the operation sequence to ensure the rational use of resources. The following will give an example of how to dynamically plan a vehicle path as a reference.
[0031] Suppose we have three vehicles (V1, V2, V3) and three tasks:
[0032] T1: Location (10,10), content "moving materials", priority 1, time requirement "execute immediately"; T2: Location (20,20), content "pouring concrete", priority 2, time requirement "execute after 30 minutes"; T3: Location (30,30), content "installing equipment", priority 3, time requirement "execute after 60 minutes").
[0033] First, collect the initial positions of the vehicles (V1: (0,0), V2: (5,5), V3: (15,15)) and the construction site map data. Next, build a graph model with nodes (0,0), (5,5), (10,10), (15,15), (20,20), (30,30). Edges represent the roads connecting these nodes and are assigned corresponding weights (such as distance, time, energy consumption, etc.). Use the A* algorithm to calculate the shortest path from the initial position of each vehicle to the task point. For example, the path from V1 (0,0) to T1 (10,10) is (0,0)->(5,5)->(10,10), and the total distance is 14.14 units. Then, use a priority queue to manage tasks [T1, T2, T3], and optimize the task order of each vehicle through a dynamic programming algorithm. Finally, the driving path and task sequence of each vehicle are generated based on the calculation results. For example, the path and task sequence of V1 are: path (0,0)->(10,10)->(20,20)->(30,30), and the task sequence is T1->T2->T3. Thus, we will obtain the optimized path, task, operation content, priority, time requirement and other information of the vehicle, encapsulate it into the v2x message, send it to the RSU through the system, and then forward it to the vehicle for execution through the RSU to realize intelligent scheduling.
[0034] When generating and issuing instructions, the central management unit generates driving paths and work instructions based on the optimization results, and sends them to the corresponding on-board units through the roadside unit (RSU). Specifically, the generated instructions include the optimized driving path, including the starting point, end point and waypoints, as well as the work task list, including the work content, priority and time requirements. The instructions are sent to the on-board unit through the RSU. After receiving the instructions, the on-board unit returns confirmation information to ensure the correct execution of the instructions. The confirmation mechanism ensures the reliable transmission and execution of instructions and improves the robustness of the system. The RSU can send the corresponding vehicle's v2x message containing the optimized path to this vehicle through the vehicle's unique identification ID. The message contains key scheduling information such as the optimized path, task, priority, etc. The detailed v2x message is shown in Table 2.
[0035] Table 2
[0036]
[0037] In another preferred embodiment, the intelligent scheduling platform provides a visual interface to display the real-time position, speed, operating status of each vehicle and the traffic flow and congestion of the construction site. Specifically, managers can monitor the status of vehicles in real time through the platform, including information such as position, speed, operating status, and traffic flow and congestion of the construction site. The platform provides a manual adjustment function, and managers can manually adjust the vehicle path and operation sequence, or send emergency instructions in emergencies, such as immediately stopping operations and avoiding other vehicles. Real-time monitoring and scheduling functions improve management efficiency and safety.
[0038] In the description of the embodiments of the present invention, it should be understood that the terms "upper", "lower", "front", "back", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "center", "top", "bottom", "top", "bottom", "inside", "outside", "inner side", "outer side" and the like indicate orientations or positional relationships based on the orientations or positional relationships shown in the accompanying drawings, and are only for the convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, rather than indicating or implying that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore cannot be understood as a limitation on the present invention. Among them, "inside" refers to an internal or enclosed area or space. "Periphery" refers to the area surrounding a specific component or a specific area.
[0039] In the description of the embodiments of the present invention, the terms "first", "second", "third", and "fourth" are used for descriptive purposes only and are not to be understood as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of the indicated technical features. Thus, a feature defined as "first", "second", "third", and "fourth" may explicitly or implicitly include one or more of the features. In the description of the present invention, unless otherwise specified, "multiple" means two or more.
[0040] In the description of the embodiments of the present invention, it should be noted that, unless otherwise clearly specified and limited, the terms "install", "connect", "connect", and "assemble" should be understood in a broad sense, for example, it can be a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; it can be a direct connection, or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium, or it can be the internal communication of two components. For ordinary technicians in this field, the specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood according to specific circumstances.
[0041] In the description of the embodiments of the present invention, specific features, structures, materials or characteristics may be combined in a suitable manner in any one or more embodiments or examples.
[0042] In the description of the embodiments of the present invention, the term "and / or" herein is merely a description of the association relationship of associated objects, indicating that three relationships may exist. For example, A and / or B may represent: A exists alone, A and B exist at the same time, and B exists alone. In addition, the character " / " herein generally indicates that the associated objects before and after are in an "or" relationship.
[0043] Although embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described, it will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that various changes, modifications, substitutions and variations may be made to the embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the present invention, and that the scope of the present invention is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.
Claims
1. A V2X-based intelligent construction site traffic coordination system, characterized in that: include: On-board unit, roadside unit and central management unit; The on-board unit is used to collect vehicle status information and complete data transmission with the roadside unit through V2X communication technology; The roadside unit is arranged at a key position of the construction site, and is used to forward data received from the vehicle-mounted unit to the central management unit or to send a dispatch instruction generated by the central management unit to the vehicle-mounted unit; The central management unit is used to collect and process the on-board unit data received from the roadside unit, optimize the vehicle driving path and operation process, and generate dispatch instructions to be sent to the on-board unit through the roadside unit.
2. The V2X-based intelligent construction site traffic coordination system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The on-board unit includes a V2X communication module, a GPS module, an IMU unit, a CAN bus interface, a microprocessor and a power management module. The on-board unit has a unique identification ID. When uploading data, the ID is uploaded together with the collected data.
3. The V2X-based intelligent construction site traffic coordination system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The data collection and processing process in the central management unit includes: Data cleaning: remove noise from sensor data and eliminate outliers; Data storage: It is divided into real-time data and historical data. Real-time data is stored in the memory database for real-time processing, and historical data is stored in the relational database or NoSQL database for subsequent analysis. Real-time data contains vehicle status information. The central management unit uses stream processing technology and event-driven mechanism for real-time processing, and triggers the corresponding processing logic according to preset rules.
4. The V2X-based intelligent construction site traffic coordination system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The central management unit optimizes the vehicle driving path and operation process, specifically including: calculating the shortest path for each vehicle operation through the shortest path algorithm; managing the vehicle operations through the priority queue, and optimizing and adjusting the priority queue through the dynamic programming algorithm.
5. The V2X-based intelligent construction site traffic coordination system according to claim 4, characterized in that: The management of the priority queue by the dynamic programming algorithm is specifically as follows.
6. The V2X-based intelligent construction site traffic coordination system according to claim 4, characterized in that: The generation and issuance of the dispatch instruction is as follows: the central management unit generates a dispatch instruction based on the results of the optimization adjustment, and sends it to the vehicle-mounted unit with the corresponding ID through the roadside unit; after receiving the instruction, the vehicle-mounted unit returns a confirmation message; the dispatch instruction includes a driving route and a work task list, the driving route includes a starting point, an end point and a passing point; the work task list includes work content, priority and time requirements.
7. The V2X-based intelligent construction site traffic coordination system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The vehicle status information includes: the location, speed and operation status of the vehicle.
8. The V2X-based intelligent construction site traffic coordination system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The key locations include the entrance, exit and intersection of the construction site.