Dielectric resonator antenna

Abstract

The embodiment of the invention relates to the field of microwave radio frequency, and provides a dielectric resonator antenna. The dielectric resonator antenna structurally comprises a dielectric container and a coaxial probe penetrating through the thickness of the dielectric container, the dielectric container is provided with at least two containing cavities distributed around the coaxial probe, and the containing cavities are used for containing liquid media; the dielectric resonator is located above the dielectric container, and the coaxial probe further extends into the dielectric resonator; and the metal sheet is in electric contact with the coaxial probe, the metal sheet is located outside the dielectric resonator, and the metal sheet is right opposite to a partial area of each accommodating cavity. The dielectric resonator antenna provided by the embodiment of the invention can provide an ideal omnidirectional radiation mode and a plurality of reconfigurable lateral radiation modes.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The embodiments of the present disclosure relate to the field of microwave radio frequency, and in particular to a dielectric resonator antenna. Background Art

[0002] Dielectric resonator antennas are resonant antennas widely used in various wireless communication industries, such as the Internet of Vehicles (IoV) industry. By transmitting and receiving signals, dielectric resonator antennas connect vehicles to any objects with which they interact. This facilitates use cases such as vehicle-to-vehicle communication, vehicle-to-roadside infrastructure communication, vehicle-to-pedestrian communication, and vehicle-to-network communication.

[0003] Dielectric resonator antennas feature low loss, high design freedom, and dense resonant modes. Their fundamental principle is that a feed structure excites the dielectric resonator, generating resonant electromagnetic waves within the dielectric resonator. By switching resonant modes, dielectric resonator antennas with mode reconfigurability can be designed. Currently, electronically controlled mode reconfigurable dielectric resonator antennas have been extensively researched. However, liquid-based mode reconfigurable dielectric resonator antennas remain to be explored. Among these, there is a research gap in reconfigurable dielectric resonator antennas with a directional radiation mode toward the side. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The embodiments of the present disclosure provide a dielectric resonator antenna having at least an ideal side radiation pattern.

[0005] According to some embodiments of the present disclosure, the embodiments of the present disclosure provide a dielectric resonator antenna, comprising a dielectric container and a coaxial probe extending through the thickness of the dielectric container, wherein the dielectric container has at least two accommodating cavities distributed around the coaxial probe, and the accommodating cavities are used to accommodate a liquid medium; a dielectric resonator, wherein the dielectric resonator is located above the dielectric container, and the coaxial probe also extends into the dielectric resonator; and a metal sheet, wherein the metal sheet is electrically contacted with the coaxial probe, and the metal sheet is located outside the dielectric resonator, and the metal sheet is directly opposite to a partial area of ​​each accommodating cavity.

[0006] In some embodiments, each of the at least two receiving cavities is symmetrically arranged relative to the center of the coaxial probe.

[0007] In some embodiments, the medium container is a cube and has four accommodating cavities.

[0008] In some embodiments, each accommodating cavity is a triangular prism-shaped cavity divided by a horizontal diagonal line of a cube, and the volumes of the four accommodating cavities are the same.

[0009] In some embodiments, the medium container further has a plurality of liquid guide holes, at least one of which is connected to a corresponding accommodating cavity; the dielectric resonator antenna further includes a valve, which is used to close or open the liquid guide hole.

[0010] In some embodiments, the dielectric container has a bottom plate away from the dielectric resonator, and the liquid guide hole passes through the bottom plate.

[0011] In some embodiments, the liquid medium comprises a high dielectric constant liquid.

[0012] In some embodiments, the coaxial probe includes: a first feeding structure, the first feeding structure is located outside the dielectric resonator and is in electrical contact with the metal sheet; and a second feeding structure, the second feeding structure is located inside the dielectric resonator and is connected to the first feeding structure.

[0013] In some embodiments, the material of the dielectric container includes a low dielectric constant material.

[0014] In some embodiments, a metal sheet is disposed between the dielectric container and the dielectric resonator.

[0015] The technical solution provided by the embodiments of the present disclosure has at least the following advantages: the dielectric resonator antenna provided by the embodiments of the present disclosure can provide reconfigurable transformation of omnidirectional radiation mode and multiple lateral radiation modes through a combination of a dielectric container, a coaxial probe penetrating the thickness of the dielectric container, a dielectric resonator, and a metal sheet. The directional modes are easy to distinguish, the gain effect is ideal, and each lateral radiation mode has good directivity, which can be applied to a variety of scenarios. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0016] One or more embodiments are exemplarily illustrated by the pictures in the corresponding drawings. These exemplified descriptions do not constitute a limitation on the embodiments. Unless otherwise stated, the pictures in the drawings do not constitute a scale limitation. In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present disclosure or the technical solutions in the traditional technology, the drawings required for use in the embodiments will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present disclosure. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without paying any creative work.

[0017] Figure 1 A schematic diagram of a three-dimensional structure of a dielectric resonator antenna provided in an embodiment of the present disclosure;

[0018] Figures 2 to 5 Schematic diagrams of several top views of dielectric containers in dielectric resonator antennas provided in embodiments of the present disclosure;

[0019] Figure 6A schematic top view of the dielectric container, coaxial probe, and metal sheet in the dielectric resonator antenna provided by an embodiment of the present disclosure;

[0020] Figure 7 A schematic side perspective structural diagram of a dielectric resonator antenna provided in an embodiment of the present disclosure;

[0021] Figure 8 Another schematic diagram of a top view of a dielectric container in a dielectric resonator antenna provided by an embodiment of the present disclosure;

[0022] Figure 9 Another schematic side perspective structural diagram of a dielectric resonator antenna provided in an embodiment of the present disclosure;

[0023] Figure 10 A simulated antenna reflection coefficient diagram of a dielectric resonator antenna provided in an embodiment of the present disclosure;

[0024] Figure 11 A simulated gain diagram of the dielectric resonator antenna provided in an embodiment of the present disclosure;

[0025] Figure 12 A directional pattern of a lateral radiation mode of the dielectric resonator antenna provided in an embodiment of the present disclosure on a φ=0° plane;

[0026] Figure 13 A directional pattern of an omnidirectional radiation mode of the dielectric resonator antenna provided in an embodiment of the present disclosure on a φ=0° plane;

[0027] Figure 14 A directional pattern of a lateral radiation mode of the dielectric resonator antenna provided in an embodiment of the present disclosure on a θ=90° plane;

[0028] Figure 15 This is a directional diagram of an omnidirectional radiation mode of the dielectric resonator antenna provided in an embodiment of the present disclosure on a θ=90° plane. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0029] As can be seen from the background technology, there is currently a research gap in dielectric resonator antennas with reconfigurable radiation modes that needs to be filled.

[0030] Analysis shows that current research on the reconfigurability of dielectric resonator antenna radiation patterns focuses on the reconfigurability of omnidirectional radiation patterns and unidirectional radiation patterns. In addition, the radiation direction is weak, the coverage frequency band is limited, the radiation effect is not ideal, and there are not many application scenarios.

[0031] The present disclosure provides a dielectric resonator antenna, which is composed of a dielectric container, a coaxial probe that penetrates the thickness of the dielectric container, a dielectric resonator, and a metal sheet. It can provide not only an ideal omnidirectional radiation pattern, but also multiple lateral radiation patterns, so that the main radiation lobe is perpendicular to the coaxial probe, and the various radiation patterns can be converted into each other, with high reconfigurability. The simulation results of the dielectric resonator antenna provided by the present disclosure cover the signals in the WLAN frequency band, and the directional lateral radiation pattern has a clear azimuth pattern, an ideal radiation effect, and a wide range of application scenarios.

[0032] The following describes various embodiments of the present disclosure in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings. However, those skilled in the art will appreciate that many technical details are provided in the various embodiments of the present disclosure to facilitate a better understanding of the present disclosure. However, even without these technical details and the various variations and modifications based on the following embodiments, the technical solutions claimed in the present disclosure can still be implemented.

[0033] In the description of the embodiments of this application, the technical terms "first" and "second" are used only to distinguish different objects and should not be understood to indicate or imply relative importance or implicitly specify the quantity, specific order, or primary and secondary relationship of the indicated technical features. In the description of the embodiments of this application, the meaning of "plurality" is more than two, unless otherwise clearly and specifically defined.

[0034] References herein to "embodiments" mean that a particular feature, structure, or characteristic described in connection with the embodiments may be included in at least one embodiment of the present application. The appearance of this phrase in various places in the specification does not necessarily refer to the same embodiment, nor does it constitute an independent or alternative embodiment that is mutually exclusive of other embodiments. It is understood, both explicitly and implicitly, by those skilled in the art that the embodiments described herein may be combined with other embodiments.

[0035] In the description of the embodiments of the present application, the term "multiple" refers to more than two (including two). Similarly, "multiple groups" refers to more than two groups (including two groups), and "multiple pieces" refers to more than two pieces (including two pieces).

[0036] In the description of the embodiments of the present application, the technical terms "center", "longitudinal", "lateral", "length", "width", "thickness", "up", "down", "front", "back", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inside", "outside", "clockwise", "counterclockwise", "axial", "radial", "circumferential", etc., indicating the orientation or position relationship, are based on the orientation or position relationship shown in the accompanying drawings, and are only for the convenience of describing the embodiments of the present application and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore cannot be understood as a limitation on the embodiments of the present application.

[0037] Figure 1 A schematic diagram of a three-dimensional structure of a dielectric resonator antenna provided in an embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0038] refer to Figure 1 The dielectric resonator antenna 100 provided in an embodiment of the present disclosure includes a dielectric container 101 and a coaxial probe 102 extending through the thickness of the dielectric container 101, as well as a dielectric resonator 103 and a metal sheet 104. The dielectric container 101 has at least two cavities 111 distributed around the coaxial probe 102, and the cavities 111 are used to accommodate a liquid medium. The dielectric resonator 103 is located above the dielectric container 101, and the coaxial probe 102 extends into the interior of the dielectric resonator 103. The metal sheet 104 is in electrical contact with the coaxial probe 102 and is located outside the dielectric resonator 103, with the metal sheet 104 facing a portion of each of the cavities 111.

[0039] In some embodiments, the material of the dielectric container 101 may include a low dielectric constant material. Electromagnetic waves experience less attenuation when propagating in a low dielectric constant material, and the electromagnetic waves propagate farther after passing through the dielectric container 101, thereby at least improving the performance of the dielectric resonator antenna 100.

[0040] In some embodiments, the medium container 101 can be formed using 3D printing technology. This 3D-printed medium container 101 offers excellent sealing and a high degree of integration, preventing leakage of the liquid medium. Furthermore, the material uniformity of the 3D-printed medium container 101 is high, ensuring that electromagnetic waves encounter the same level of resistance when penetrating the medium container 101, thus improving the performance stability of the dielectric resonator antenna 100.

[0041] In some embodiments, dielectric container 101 may be a cube. In other embodiments, dielectric container 101 may be cylindrical. The shape of dielectric container 101 may correspond to the shape of dielectric resonator 103. It is understood that designers may modify the shape of dielectric container 101 based on specific usage scenarios without affecting the use of dielectric resonator antenna 100.

[0042] In some embodiments, the dielectric container 101 and the dielectric resonator 103 may be of comparable size.

[0043] In some embodiments, the dielectric container 101 and the dielectric resonator 103 may be connected by gluing. In other embodiments, the dielectric container 101 and the dielectric resonator 103 may be an integrated structure. For example, the combination of the dielectric container 101 and the dielectric resonator 103 may be fabricated from bottom to top using 3D printing technology.

[0044] The cavities 111 within the dielectric container 101 are used to hold liquid media. When a liquid medium is filled into one of the cavities 111, the electromagnetic radiation emitted in the direction of that cavity 111 is altered accordingly, depending on the properties of the liquid medium. By filling and / or withdrawing liquid media with different properties from cavities 111 in different directions, the radiation direction of the dielectric resonator antenna 100 can be varied.

[0045] In some embodiments, each accommodating cavity 111 in the medium container 101 can be symmetrically arranged relative to the center of the coaxial probe 102, so that the radiation intensity in relative directions can be changed to achieve differentiation of radiation azimuth patterns and improve the directivity of the radiation direction.

[0046] In some embodiments, the medium container 101 may have four accommodating cavities 111. In other embodiments, the medium container 101 may have five accommodating cavities 111. In still other embodiments, the medium container 101 may have eight accommodating cavities 111. The number of accommodating cavities 111 may be designed accordingly according to changes in usage scenarios. For example, when only the radiation direction pattern in two relative directions needs to be changed, the medium container 101 may be designed to have two accommodating cavities 111 in opposite directions. For another example, when the radiation direction pattern in eight different directions needs to be changed, the medium container 101 may be designed to have eight accommodating cavities 111 in different directions, and the positions of the eight accommodating cavities 111 correspond one-to-one to the eight directions required in the design scenario.

[0047] Figures 2 to 4 Schematic diagrams of several top views of dielectric containers in dielectric resonator antennas provided by embodiments of the present disclosure.

[0048] In some embodiments, reference Figure 2 Each accommodating cavity 211 may be a triangular prism cavity divided by the horizontal diagonal line of the cube medium container 201, and the coaxial probe 202 is located at the center of the cube medium container 201. Figure 3 Each accommodating cavity 311 may be a sector-shaped cavity divided by a horizontal diagonal line of the cylindrical medium container 301, and the coaxial probe 302 is located at the center of the cylindrical medium container 301. In some further embodiments, Figure 4 Each accommodating cavity 411 may be a fan-shaped cavity divided according to the horizontal diagonal line of the cubic medium container 401 , and the coaxial probe 402 is located at the center of the cubic medium container 401 .

[0049] Figure 5 This is another schematic diagram of a top perspective structure of a dielectric container in a dielectric resonator antenna provided by an embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0050] In some embodiments, the volumes of all the cavities in the medium container may be the same. Figure 2 , the volumes of the four accommodating chambers 211 are the same, and the coaxial probe 202 is located at the center of the medium container 201. In other embodiments, referring to Figure 5 The volumes of all the accommodating cavities 511 in the medium container 501 may be different from each other, and the coaxial probe 502 is located at the center of the medium container 501 .

[0051] It is understandable that the number, shape, volume relationship between the accommodating cavities 111 and the position relationship of the accommodating cavities 111 in the dielectric container 101 can be adjusted according to the specific usage scenario without affecting the function of the dielectric resonator antenna 100. For example, referring again to Figure 2 The medium container 101 is a cube. The four accommodating cavities 111 of the medium container 101 have the same volume, and each accommodating cavity 111 is a triangular prism cavity divided by the horizontal diagonal line of the cube.

[0052] Figure 6 A schematic top view of the structure of a dielectric container, a coaxial probe, and a metal sheet in a dielectric resonator antenna is provided for an embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0053] In some embodiments, reference Figure 6 The medium container 601 also has a plurality of liquid guide holes 605, at least one of which is connected to a corresponding receiving cavity 611. The liquid guide hole 605 is used to provide a channel for the flow of the liquid medium. The coaxial probe 602 can be located at the center of the medium container 601, and the square metal sheet 604 serves as the ground electrode of the coaxial probe 602 and contacts the coaxial probe 602. For example, when it is necessary to fill the receiving cavity 611 with liquid medium, the liquid medium can be filled into the receiving cavity 611 through the liquid guide hole 605, and the coaxial probe 602 stimulates the receiving cavity 611 filled with liquid medium. For another example, when it is necessary to empty the receiving cavity 611, the liquid medium in the receiving cavity 611 can be released through the liquid guide hole 605.

[0054] Figure 7 This is a side structural diagram of the dielectric resonator antenna provided in an embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0055] In some embodiments, reference Figure 7The dielectric container 701 has a bottom plate 71 away from the dielectric resonator 703, and a liquid guide hole 705 passes through the bottom plate 71. For example, when the receiving chamber 711 needs to be filled with liquid medium, the liquid medium can be filled into the receiving chamber 711 through the liquid guide hole 705 connected to the receiving chamber 711. The coaxial probe 702 excites the dielectric resonator 703 and the receiving chamber 711 filled with the dielectric container. The metal sheet 704 is in contact with the bottom plate 71, and the receiving chamber 711 filled with liquid medium plays the same grounding role as the metal sheet 704. For another example, when the receiving chamber 711 needs to be empty, the liquid medium can be discharged outward through the bottom plate 71 through the liquid guide hole 705 connected to the receiving chamber 711. The metal sheet 704 plays the role of a grounding role.

[0056] In some embodiments, the dielectric resonator antenna further includes a valve, which can be located on the interface between the liquid guide hole 605 and the receiving chamber 611, or on the interface between the liquid guide hole 605 and the external environment. The valve is used to close or open the liquid guide hole 605. For example, when the receiving chamber 611 is filled with liquid medium, the valve can be closed to close the liquid guide hole 605, preventing the liquid medium in the receiving chamber 611 from leaking out. For another example, when the receiving chamber 611 needs to be emptied, the valve can be opened to open the liquid guide hole 605, allowing the liquid medium in the receiving chamber 611 to flow out.

[0057] In some embodiments, the dielectric resonator antenna 100 may further include a liquid storage container and a liquid pumping structure. The liquid storage container is used to store liquid medium. The liquid pumping structure is used to fill or extract the liquid medium into or out of the accommodating cavity 111. For example, when the accommodating cavity 111 needs to be filled with liquid medium, the liquid medium can be pumped out of the liquid storage container by the liquid pumping structure and filled into the accommodating cavity 111. For another example, when the liquid medium in the accommodating cavity 111 needs to be emptied, the liquid medium can be extracted from the accommodating cavity 111 by the liquid pumping structure and returned to the liquid storage container. In this way, the recycling of the liquid medium can be achieved, and the operation process can be driven by a motor, and the operation steps can be precisely controlled.

[0058] Figure 8 This is another schematic top view of the dielectric container in the dielectric resonator antenna provided by an embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0059] In other embodiments, reference Figure 8The valve 806 can also be located between one accommodating chamber 811 and another accommodating chamber 821 to connect or close one accommodating chamber 811 to the other accommodating chamber 821. For example, when one accommodating chamber 811 is required to be empty while the other accommodating chamber 821 is filled with liquid medium, the valve 806 can be opened to connect one accommodating chamber 811 to the other accommodating chamber 821, facilitating the flow of liquid medium in one accommodating chamber 811 into the other accommodating chamber 821. In this way, the coaxial probe 802 can excite the dielectric container 801 in different directions, thereby reconstructing the lateral radiation pattern of the dielectric resonator antenna 800.

[0060] The properties of the liquid medium in the accommodating cavity 111 determine whether the electromagnetic wave is enhanced or weakened in the direction of the accommodating cavity 111. The fluidity of the liquid medium can well realize the reconstruction of different radiation direction modes, thereby improving the reconfigurability of the dielectric resonator antenna.

[0061] In some embodiments, the liquid medium may be a liquid with a high dielectric constant, for example, water, which has a dielectric constant between 80 and 85. When electromagnetic waves propagate in water, they are largely absorbed by the water, which manifests as a sharp attenuation on the azimuth diagram.

[0062] In some embodiments, the liquid medium may also be a liquid with a low dielectric constant, such as oil, ethanol, or liquid benzene. Liquids with low dielectric constants also have relatively low polarity, resulting in less absorption of electromagnetic waves during propagation, manifesting as an enhancement in the azimuth pattern.

[0063] Coaxial probe 102 in dielectric resonator antenna 100 is used for power feeding. Coaxial probe 102 penetrates the thickness of dielectric container 101 and extends into dielectric resonator 103. Dielectric container 101 secures coaxial probe 102 in a stable environment, protecting the dielectric resonator antenna from external interference. Dielectric resonator 103 operates under the excitation of coaxial probe 102.

[0064] In some embodiments, the material of the dielectric resonator 103 may include barium titanate, titanium dioxide, aluminum oxide, zirconium oxide, and the like.

[0065] Figure 9 This is another side perspective structural schematic diagram of the dielectric resonator antenna provided by an embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0066] In some embodiments, reference Figure 9The coaxial probe 902 includes a first feeding structure 912 and a second feeding structure 922. The first feeding structure 912 is located outside the dielectric resonator 903 and is in electrical contact with the metal sheet 904. The second feeding structure 922 is located inside the dielectric resonator 903 and is connected to the first feeding structure 912 and the second feeding structure 922. The metal sheet 904 can be located at the junction where the first feeding structure 912 and the second feeding structure 922 are connected, acting as a ground pole. The first feeding structure 912 excites the dielectric resonator 903 and the dielectric container 901 to generate oscillating electromagnetic waves. The accommodating cavity 911 in the dielectric container 901 can contain a liquid medium. The accommodating cavity 911 containing the liquid medium and the metal sheet 904 also act as a ground pole.

[0067] In some embodiments, the first feeding structure 912 may be located inside the dielectric container 901. In other embodiments, the first feeding structure 912 may be located outside the dielectric container 901. The relative position of the first feeding structure 912 and the dielectric container 901 may be designed based on the specific usage scenario without affecting the function of the dielectric resonator antenna 900.

[0068] Metal sheet 104 is in electrical contact with coaxial probe 102 and serves as a ground electrode for coaxial probe 102. Metal sheet 104 is located outside dielectric resonator 103 and faces a portion of each receiving cavity 111. The receiving cavity 111, which is filled with liquid medium, acts as an extension of metal sheet 104 and serves as a ground electrode.

[0069] In some embodiments, the metal sheet 104 may be disposed between the dielectric container 101 and the dielectric resonator 103. In other embodiments, the metal sheet 104 may be disposed on a surface of the dielectric container 101 away from the dielectric resonator 103. In still other embodiments, the metal sheet 104 may be disposed inside the dielectric container 101.

[0070] In some embodiments, the regions of the metal sheet 104 facing each of the accommodating cavities 111 have the same shape. In other embodiments, the regions of the metal sheet 104 facing each of the accommodating cavities 111 have different shapes.

[0071] In some embodiments, the area of ​​the metal sheet 104 facing each of the accommodating cavities 111 is the same. In other embodiments, the area of ​​the metal sheet 104 facing each of the accommodating cavities 111 is different.

[0072] It is understandable that the shape and area of ​​the region where the metal sheet 104 faces each accommodating cavity 111 can be designed according to specific usage scenarios without affecting the function of the dielectric resonator antenna.

[0073] In some embodiments, the metal sheet 104 may be made of copper. In other embodiments, the metal sheet 104 may be made of aluminum. The material of the metal sheet 104 is related to the function of the metal sheet 104 as a ground electrode.

[0074] Figure 10 is a simulated antenna reflection coefficient diagram of the dielectric resonator antenna provided by an embodiment of the present disclosure, Figure 11 This is a simulated gain diagram of the dielectric resonator antenna provided by an embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0075] refer to Figure 10 It can be seen that in the frequency band of 2.0 GHz to 3.0 GHz, the antenna reflection coefficient when there is water in the accommodating cavity 111 is significantly enhanced compared to the antenna reflection coefficient when there is no water in the accommodating cavity 111. Figure 11 In the frequency band of 2.0GHz-3.0GHz, the radiation gain when there is water in the accommodating cavity 111 is higher than the radiation gain when there is no water in the accommodating cavity 111. That is, there is a significant difference between the radiation intensity when there is a liquid medium in the accommodating cavity 111 and the radiation intensity when there is no liquid medium in the accommodating cavity 111. Therefore, it is possible to clearly distinguish the omnidirectional radiation pattern formed when there is no liquid medium in the accommodating cavity 111 and the lateral radiation pattern formed when there is a liquid medium in the accommodating cavity 111. When water is used as a liquid medium, it can significantly change the intensity of the electromagnetic wave after passing through the medium container. In addition, the frequency segment in which the omnidirectional radiation pattern and the lateral radiation pattern have significant differences is the 2.39GHz-2.49GHz segment, which covers a public bandwidth frequency band with a coverage rate of 4.1%, and covers the WLAN frequency band, and can be effectively applied to WLAN usage scenarios.

[0076] Figure 12 A directional pattern of a lateral radiation mode of the dielectric resonator antenna provided in an embodiment of the present disclosure on a φ=0° plane, Figure 13 This is a directional diagram of an omnidirectional radiation mode of the dielectric resonator antenna provided in an embodiment of the present disclosure on a φ=0° plane. Figure 14 A directional pattern of a lateral radiation mode of the dielectric resonator antenna provided in an embodiment of the present disclosure on a θ=90° plane, Figure 15 This is a directional diagram of an omnidirectional radiation mode of the dielectric resonator antenna provided in an embodiment of the present disclosure on a θ=90° plane.

[0077] When the accommodating cavity 111 in the 270° direction is filled with water as a liquid medium, the dielectric resonator antenna 100 is in a lateral radiation mode pointing in the 90° direction. Figure 12 , on the φ=0° plane, the radiation direction is clearly pointing to the 90° direction. Figure 14 , on the θ=90° plane, the cross-polarization directions are two larger symmetrical directions, and the main polarization direction deviates to the 0° direction.

[0078] When no liquid medium is filled in any of the accommodating cavities 111, the dielectric resonator antenna 100 is in an omnidirectional radiation mode. Figure 13 , on the φ=0° plane, the radiation direction is roughly pointing to the 270° direction and the 90° direction. Figure 15 , on the θ=90° plane, the cross-polarization directions are two smaller symmetrical directions, and the main polarization directions are the same in all directions without obvious deviation.

[0079] It can be seen that the omnidirectional radiation pattern and the lateral radiation pattern of the dielectric resonator antenna provided in the embodiment of the present disclosure are easy to distinguish, and the azimuth pattern in the omnidirectional radiation mode has a large coverage range, and the azimuth patterns in various lateral radiation modes have clear directions.

[0080] The dielectric resonator antenna 100 provided in an embodiment of the present disclosure includes a dielectric container 101, a coaxial probe 102 that penetrates the thickness of the dielectric container 101, and a dielectric resonator 103. The dielectric container 101 also has at least two accommodating cavities 111 distributed around the coaxial probe 102, and the accommodating cavities 111 can accommodate liquid medium. The dielectric resonator 103 is located above the dielectric container 101. The coaxial probe 102 extends into the interior of the dielectric resonator 103 for feeding. The dielectric resonator antenna 100 also includes a metal sheet 104, which serves as the ground electrode of the coaxial probe 102 and is in electrical contact with the coaxial probe 102. The metal sheet 104 is located outside the dielectric resonator 103, and the metal sheet 104 is directly opposite to a portion of each accommodating cavity 111. When all cavities 111 are empty, the coaxial probe 102 excites the dielectric resonator 103 to operate. At this point, the dielectric resonator antenna 100 is in an omnidirectional radiation mode, radiating electromagnetic waves with the same intensity in all directions, and the radiation pattern is omnidirectional. When one or more cavities 111 are filled with liquid medium, and the remaining cavities 111 are empty, the coaxial probe 102 excites the dielectric resonator 103 to operate, and is affected by the cavities 111 filled with liquid medium. At this point, the dielectric resonator antenna 100 is in a lateral radiation mode, with electromagnetic wave radiation varying in the direction from the coaxial probe 102 toward the cavities 111 filled with liquid medium. The radiation pattern in this mode is significantly different from that in the omnidirectional radiation mode, and the radiation pattern has a distinct directionality. The dielectric resonator antenna 100 provided in the embodiment of the present disclosure has multiple radiation modes including an omnidirectional radiation mode and a lateral radiation mode, and can freely switch between multiple radiation modes by filling or withdrawing liquid medium into or out of the accommodating cavity 111, and has high reconfigurability.

[0081] Those skilled in the art will appreciate that the above-described embodiments are specific examples for implementing the present disclosure, and that in actual applications, various changes in form and detail may be made thereto without departing from the spirit and scope of the present disclosure. Any person skilled in the art may make various changes and modifications without departing from the spirit and scope of the present disclosure. Therefore, the scope of protection of the present disclosure shall be subject to the scope defined in the claims.

Claims

1. A dielectric resonator antenna, characterized in that: include: A medium container and a coaxial probe penetrating the thickness of the medium container, wherein the medium container has at least two accommodating cavities distributed around the coaxial probe, and the accommodating cavities are used to accommodate liquid medium; a dielectric resonator, the dielectric resonator being located above the dielectric container, and the coaxial probe further extending into the dielectric resonator; A metal sheet is electrically contacted with the coaxial probe, and the metal sheet is located outside the dielectric resonator, and the metal sheet is directly opposite to a partial area of ​​each of the accommodating cavities.

2. The dielectric resonator antenna according to claim 1, characterized in that Each of the at least two accommodating cavities is symmetrically arranged relative to the center of the coaxial probe.

3. The dielectric resonator antenna according to claim 2, characterized in that The medium container is a cube, and has four accommodating cavities.

4. The dielectric resonator antenna according to claim 3, characterized in that Each of the accommodating cavities is a triangular prism-shaped cavity divided by a horizontal diagonal line of the cube, and the volumes of the four accommodating cavities are the same.

5. The dielectric resonator antenna according to claim 1, characterized in that The medium container further has a plurality of liquid conducting holes, at least one of which is communicated with a corresponding one of the accommodating chambers; the dielectric resonator antenna further comprises a valve, which is used to close or open the liquid conducting hole.

6. The dielectric resonator antenna according to claim 5, characterized in that The dielectric container has a bottom plate away from the dielectric resonator, and the liquid guide hole penetrates the bottom plate.

7. The dielectric resonator antenna according to claim 1, characterized in that The liquid medium includes a high dielectric constant liquid.

8. The dielectric resonator antenna according to claim 1, characterized in that The coaxial probe comprises: A first feeding structure, wherein the first feeding structure is located outside the dielectric resonator and is in electrical contact with the metal sheet; A second feeding structure, wherein the second feeding structure is located inside the dielectric resonator, and the first feeding structure is connected to the second feeding structure.

9. The dielectric resonator antenna according to claim 1, characterized in that: The material of the dielectric container includes a low dielectric constant material.

10. The dielectric resonator antenna according to claim 1, characterized in that The metal sheet is arranged between the dielectric container and the dielectric resonator.

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