The invention discloses an impedance self-adaptive high-frequency probe, a
probe card and a testing method, and belongs to the technical field of
semiconductor high-frequency testing. When an existing high-frequency probe is used for a crimping test, a conductive probe body of the existing high-frequency probe generates mechanical deformation due to
contact pressure, so that
characteristic impedance is deviated, and uneven pressure in an array causes impedance dispersion. The problem is solved by
coating the outer side of the conductive needle body with a
composite material layer, the
composite material layer is composed of an elastic insulating matrix and
metal particles dispersed in the elastic insulating matrix, the
metal particles have bimodal
particle size distribution, and the total integral number is 30%-40%. When the probe is pressed, the
composite material layer is subjected to reversible microscopic reconstruction, the effective
dielectric constant of the composite material layer is increased along with the increase of the pressure, and the generated impedance change can counteract the impedance drop caused by the deformation of the conductive probe body, so that the self-adaptive stability of the
characteristic impedance of the probe under the change of the pressure is realized. The impedance dispersion of the
probe array can be remarkably reduced, the consistency and precision of high-frequency testing are improved, and the process compatibility is good.