An adjustable millimeter wave slot antenna

Abstract

The present application discloses an adjustable millimeter wave slot antenna, comprising: a radiation unit layer, a feed tuning layer and a feed waveguide port stacked in sequence, the radiation unit layer comprising a first upper surface metal layer, etching a first radiation slot; a first dielectric substrate; a first lower surface metal layer, etching a first feed slot and a first tuning slot; a first metal via surrounds each first slot; the feed tuning layer comprises a second upper surface metal layer, etching a second feed slot and a second tuning slot; a second dielectric substrate; a second lower surface metal layer, the second lower surface metal layer etches a feed waveguide coupling slot; the first part of the second metal via surrounds the second feed slot and the feed waveguide coupling slot, and the second part surrounds the second tuning slot. The present invention can suppress the dispersion characteristics to a certain extent, improve the bandwidth, and the frequency can be manually adjusted.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present application relates to the technical field of millimeter wave and terahertz antennas, and in particular to an adjustable millimeter wave slot antenna. Background Art

[0002] Substrate Integrated Waveguide (SIW) antennas can be integrated with microwave circuits on a dielectric board and are easy to process using metal etching technology. They have the advantages of low cost, light weight, and easy integration. However, based on their design and application, there are still some problems as described below:

[0003] The serial feeding method of the standing wave array antenna has a natural dispersion characteristic, which will cause the beam within the bandwidth to deviate from the main radiation direction, and the sidelobe level of the radiation pattern will also deteriorate.

[0004] Due to the influence of the dielectric constant of the dielectric plate, the bandwidth of the substrate integrated waveguide slot antenna is reduced by about 0.5% compared with the traditional low sidelobe metal waveguide slot array antenna, and is only 1.5%. At the same time, considering the lack of precision in actual PCB manufacturing, at least 3% bandwidth is required.

[0005] For millimeter wave and terahertz antennas, the wavelength of the antenna is about 3mm. Considering a 1% frequency offset, the corresponding tuning length is about 0.03mm. This precision cannot be achieved through manual operation, and thus the yield of the antenna cannot be guaranteed. Summary of the invention

[0006] In view of this, the present invention provides an adjustable millimeter wave slot antenna. Compared with conventional millimeter wave slot antennas, the antenna can suppress dispersion characteristics to a certain extent, improve bandwidth, and the frequency can be manually adjusted, which greatly improves the yield of millimeter wave slot antennas and reduces production and testing costs.

[0007] To achieve the above purpose, the technical solution of this application is:

[0008] An adjustable millimeter wave slot antenna comprises: a radiation unit layer, a feed tuning layer and a feed waveguide port which are stacked in sequence.

[0009] The radiation unit layer includes a first upper surface metal layer arranged in sequence, a plurality of first radiation slots are etched on the surface of the first upper surface metal layer, and the plurality of first radiation slots are alternately arranged according to a certain rule to form slots of a standing wave array antenna;

[0010] a first dielectric substrate;

[0011] A first lower surface metal layer, wherein two first feeding slots and two first tuning slots which are symmetrically arranged are etched on the surface of the first lower surface metal layer;

[0012] A first metal via penetrates the radiation unit layer and surrounds the first radiation slot, the first feeding slot and the first tuning slot;

[0013] The feed tuning layer comprises a second upper surface metal layer arranged in sequence, two second feed slots and two second tuning slots are etched on the surface of the second upper surface metal layer, and the shapes and positions of the second feed slots and the first tuning slots correspond to those of the first feed slots and the first tuning slots;

[0014] a second dielectric substrate;

[0015] A second lower surface metal layer, wherein a feeding waveguide coupling slot is etched on the surface of the second lower surface metal layer;

[0016] A second metal via penetrates the feed tuning layer, the second metal via comprises a first portion and a second portion, the first portion surrounds the second feed slot and the feed waveguide coupling slot, and the second portion surrounds the second tuning slot;

[0017] The feeding waveguide port is a hollow metal waveguide structure.

[0018] According to an optional implementation manner, the two first feeding slots are located at a distance of ±1 / 4 from the center, and the two first tuning slots are located at the ends of both ends.

[0019] According to an optional implementation, the first dielectric substrate and the second dielectric substrate are PCB dielectric boards adapted to millimeter waves, such as Rogers5880, Rogers3003, Rogers4350, etc.

[0020] According to an optional implementation, the radiation unit layer, the feed tuning layer and the feed waveguide port are stacked and arranged in sequence, and the stacking arrangement can be achieved by fastening with screws or gluing.

[0021] According to an optional implementation, the first radiation slots are arranged in a rotationally symmetric manner about the array center or a mirror symmetric manner about the array center to form corresponding standing wave array antenna slots.

[0022] According to an optional implementation, the first tuning slot is a wavy slot or a straight slot, wherein the wavy slot is preferred.

[0023] According to an optional embodiment, the size ratio of the second feed slot to the first feed slot is 1.15:1 or 1:1. The sizes can be exactly the same, or the second feed slot of the feed tuning layer and the first feed slot of the radiation unit layer can form a certain ratio, and the recommended preferred ratio is 1.15:1. The second feed slot is slightly larger than the first feed slot, which will obtain a certain redundancy advantage during assembly, and a certain displacement deviation can be allowed between the radiation unit layer and the feed tuning layer.

[0024] According to an optional implementation, the encircling ring layer formed by the first metal via is 2 circles or 1 circle. 2 circles can better prevent the leakage of electromagnetic waves, and 1 circle can speed up the process flow.

[0025] According to an optional implementation, the first portion surrounds the second feeding slot and the feeding waveguide coupling slot, and the surrounding manner is mirror symmetric such as M type or rotationally symmetric such as N type.

[0026] According to an optional implementation, the feeding waveguide port is designed to the base of the adjustable millimeter-wave slot antenna, so that the radiation unit layer and the feeding tuning layer can be directly installed on the feeding waveguide port base by means of screws, and the structure is simpler and more reliable.

[0027] In the present invention, by forming power division parallel feeding and combining it with a standing wave array antenna, the dispersion characteristics of the slot array antenna are suppressed. Under the same length of the antenna array, the present solution will reduce the phase change by half compared with the conventional slot array antenna solution, which will enable the antenna to maintain the stability of the directional pattern and a lower sidelobe level within a wider bandwidth; by means of power division parallel feeding, the standing wave array antenna is divided into two small sub-arrays in a disguised manner, and the standing wave bandwidth of the sub-array is larger than the standing wave bandwidth of the main array, thereby achieving the purpose of extending the standing wave bandwidth; and, by adopting a stacked close-to-close feeding method, the antenna can maintain a narrow size width, which is beneficial to the miniaturization requirement of the antenna; by adjusting the length of the second tuning slot, the phase can be changed, thereby realizing artificial tuning of the antenna frequency. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0028] Figure 1 It is a three-dimensional structure explosion diagram of an adjustable millimeter wave slot antenna according to an example of the present invention;

[0029] Figure 2 is a side view of an adjustable millimeter wave slot antenna according to an example of the present invention;

[0030] Figure 3 It is a top view of a first upper surface metal layer and a first lower surface metal layer in a radiation unit layer of an adjustable millimeter wave slot antenna according to an example of the present invention;

[0031] Figure 4 It is a top view of a second upper surface metal layer and a second lower surface metal layer in a feed tuning layer of an adjustable millimeter wave slot antenna according to an example of the present invention;

[0032] Figure 5 It is a structural schematic diagram of a tuning cavity of an adjustable millimeter wave slot antenna according to an example of the present invention;

[0033] Figure 6 The feed tuning layer (with Figure 4 The difference is: Figure 4 The encirclement method is rotationally symmetrical. Figure 6 The enclosing method is mirror symmetric);

[0034] Figure 7 The structure of the tuning cavity in the feed tuning layer of an adjustable millimeter wave slot antenna according to the present invention (including sub-pictures (a) and (b) in two directional viewing angles, and Figure 4 The difference is: Figure 4 The second tuning gap is rectangular, Figure 7 The second tuning gap is a wavy zigzag line type);

[0035] Figure 8 is a three-dimensional structure exploded diagram of an adjustable millimeter wave slot antenna according to an example of the present invention (with Figure 1 The difference is: Figure 8 Will Figure 1 The waveguide feed port in the antenna is changed to an antenna base with a feed port, and screws are added for installation);

[0036] Fig. 9 It is a typical millimeter wave slot antenna structure;

[0037] Fig.10 It is a schematic diagram comparing standing waves of an adjustable millimeter wave slot antenna and a typical millimeter wave slot antenna according to an example of the present invention;

[0038] Fig.11 It is a schematic diagram of a low sidelobe pattern of an adjustable millimeter wave slot antenna according to an example of the present invention;

[0039] Fig.12 It is a comparison diagram of the simulated and measured directional patterns of an adjustable millimeter wave slot antenna according to an example of the present invention;

[0040] Fig.13 is a schematic diagram of a gain curve of an adjustable millimeter wave slot antenna according to an example of the present invention;

[0041] Fig.14 yes Figure 5 A schematic diagram of the simulation results of the tuning phase shift of a tuning cavity of an adjustable millimeter-wave slot antenna;

[0042] Fig.15 It is a schematic diagram of the tuning simulation results of an adjustable millimeter-wave slot antenna according to an example of the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0043] In radar systems, antennas are usually required to meet the characteristics of high gain, high angular resolution and low side lobes. Waveguide slot array antennas came into being and have an irreplaceable position in aviation, aerospace, military and civilian fields.

[0044] A slot array antenna can be formed by opening a series of cracks on the wide or narrow side of the waveguide according to a certain pattern, and a controllable amplitude distribution can be achieved, thereby producing the desired antenna pattern. Due to its unique advantages: high efficiency, small size, light weight, compact structure, easy to obtain high gain, low side lobe, etc., waveguide slot array antennas are widely used in navigation, radar, detection, etc. However, traditional metal waveguides have the disadvantages of large size, high processing difficulty and high price, and difficulty in integrating with planar circuits.

[0045] Substrate Integrated Waveguide (SIW) antenna is a waveguide antenna structure that has been widely studied in engineering applications in recent years. Compared with traditional metal waveguide antennas, it can be integrated with microwave circuits on a dielectric board and can be easily processed using metal etching technology. It has the advantages of low cost, light weight, and easy integration.

[0046] In practical applications, standing wave array antenna is a popular waveguide slot antenna technology. Compared with traveling wave array antenna, standing wave array antenna does not require end matching absorption load, so the structure is more compact. The series feeding method of standing wave array antenna has natural dispersion characteristics, which will cause the beam within the bandwidth to deviate from the main radiation direction, and the sidelobe level of the radiation pattern will also deteriorate. In most radar systems, the antenna beam direction needs to be fixed and the sidelobe level needs to be maintained at a good level.

[0047] The bandwidth of standing wave slot array antenna is generally narrow. The more slots there are on a single waveguide, the narrower the bandwidth of the antenna. The relative bandwidth of traditional low sidelobe metal waveguide slot array antenna is generally around 2%, while the substrate integrated waveguide slot antenna is affected by the dielectric constant of the dielectric plate, which leads to a reduction in antenna bandwidth of about 1.5%. At the same time, considering the actual application of radar systems, a bandwidth of 1.5% is generally required, and the substrate integrated waveguide slot antenna can barely meet the requirements. However, the dielectric constant of the dielectric plate used in the substrate integrated waveguide fluctuates within a certain range. Taking the most commonly used millimeter wave plate Rogers RT5880 as an example, the dielectric constant is 2.20±0.02, and the deviation of the dielectric constant is ±1%. A ±1% change in the dielectric constant will cause a ±0.5% frequency deviation. Taking the substrate integrated waveguide slot antenna with a center frequency of 100G as an example, the antenna bandwidth designed according to the dielectric constant of 2.2 is 1.5GHz, and the frequency is 99.25-100.75GHz. However, the actual plate has a deviation of ±1%, and the actual dielectric constant is 2.18-2.22. At this time, the operating frequency of the antenna may be 98.75-100.25GHz or 99.75-101.25GHz, which will no longer meet the design frequency required by the radar system.

[0048] At the same time, considering the insufficient precision of substrate integrated waveguide antenna in actual PCB manufacturing, this will cause a 0.5% frequency deviation. In summary, in order to meet the needs of an actual radar system application, while considering mass production and high yield, a bandwidth of at least 3% (1.5% + 1% + 0.5%) is required, which is not met by the existing substrate integrated waveguide antenna.

[0049] In traditional low-frequency antennas (frequency less than 10GHz), there are many means of adjusting the frequency. For example, microstrip antennas can adjust the center frequency of the antenna by manually cutting the length and size of the microstrip line, so that the processed antenna can meet the design requirements. For millimeter wave and terahertz antennas, the wavelength of the antenna is about 3mm. Considering a 1% frequency offset, the corresponding tuning length is about 0.03mm, which is obviously impossible to operate and achieve manually. At this time, a debugging method with a tuning length of millimeters is required, and the frequency offset is about 1%. This is a tuning solution that can be realized in engineering. Through this tuning method, the yield rate of the antenna can be further improved.

[0050] In order to overcome the defects and shortcomings of the prior art, the present invention provides an adjustable millimeter wave slot antenna. Compared with conventional millimeter wave slot antennas, the antenna can suppress dispersion characteristics to a certain extent, improve bandwidth, and the frequency can be manually adjusted, which greatly improves the yield of millimeter wave slot antennas and reduces production and testing costs.

[0051] Figure 1It is a three-dimensional structural exploded diagram of an adjustable millimeter wave slot antenna according to an example of the present invention. The adjustable millimeter wave slot antenna provided by an embodiment of the present invention includes a radiation unit layer PCB1, a feed tuning layer PCB2 and a feed waveguide port 302 which are stacked in sequence.

[0052] like Figure 1 The radiation unit layer PCB1 shown is composed of a first upper surface metal layer L1, a first dielectric substrate Sub1 and a first lower surface metal layer L2 which are arranged in sequence.

[0053] like Figure 3 As shown, the first upper surface metal layer L1 of the radiation unit layer PCB1 has a plurality of first radiation slots 101 etched on the surface, and the plurality of first radiation slots 101 are alternately arranged according to a certain rule to form the slots of the standing wave array antenna. In this embodiment, the radiation slots are arranged in a Taylor distribution manner, with a total of 46 slots, and the 23 left and right slots are rotationally symmetrically distributed about the center. In practical applications, the first radiation slots 101 are used for the radiation of signals or energy, and the number and size of the radiation slots can be set according to actual needs.

[0054] like Figure 3 As shown, the first lower surface metal layer L2 of the radiation unit layer PCB1 has two first feeding slots 103, 104 and two first tuning slots 105, 106 etched on the surface. The two first feeding slots 103, 104 are located near the position of ±1 / 4 ratio from the center, and the two first tuning slots 105, 106 are located near the ends of both ends. The two first feeding slots 103 and 104 are rotationally symmetrical around the center of the radiation unit layer PCB1, and the two first tuning slots 105, 106 are also rotationally symmetrical around the center of PCB1.

[0055] The first metal via 102 penetrates the radiation unit layer PCB1. Figure 1 and Figure 3 As shown, a plurality of first metal vias 102 surround the first radiation slot 101, two first feeding slots 103, 104 and two first tuning slots 105, 106, thereby forming a rectangular radiation cavity structure of a substrate integrated waveguide for energy transmission and radiation of a standing wave slot array.

[0056] like Figure 1 The first dielectric substrate Sub1 of the radiation unit layer PCB1 is a PCB dielectric board adapted to millimeter waves, and this embodiment uses a Rogers5880 dielectric board.

[0057] like Figure 1 As shown, the feed tuning layer PCB2 is composed of a second upper surface metal layer L3, a dielectric substrate Sub2 and a second lower surface metal layer L4 which are arranged in sequence.

[0058] like Figure 4 As shown, the second upper surface metal layer L3 of the feed tuning layer PCB2 has two second feed slots 201, 202 and two second tuning slots 207, 209 etched on the surface, the two second feed slots 201, 202 are arranged symmetrically to each other, and the two second tuning slots 207, 209 are arranged symmetrically to each other.

[0059] At the same time Figure 4 and Figure 3 As shown, the second feeding slots 201, 202 and the second tuning slots 207, 209 of the second upper surface metal layer L3 of the feed tuning layer PCB2 correspond to the first feeding slots 103, 104 and the first tuning slots 106, 105 of the first lower surface metal layer L2 of the radiation unit layer PCB respectively, and their shapes overlap with each other.

[0060] like Figure 4 As shown, a feeding waveguide coupling slot 204 is etched on the surface of the second lower surface metal layer L4 of the feeding tuning layer PCB2, and the feeding waveguide coupling slot is located at the center of the array.

[0061] The second metal via penetrates the feed tuning layer PCB2, such as Figure 1 and Figure 4 As shown, the plurality of second metal vias of the feed tuning layer PCB2 are divided into a first portion 203 and second portions 208 and 210. The first portion 203 is used to surround the two second feed slots 201 and 202 and the feed waveguide coupling slot 204 of the feed tuning layer PCB2 in a certain arrangement to form a substrate integrated waveguide power division cavity, and evenly distribute the energy obtained by the feed waveguide coupling slot 204 to the two feed slots 201 and 202. The second portions 208 and 210 are used to surround the two second tuning slots 207 and 209 of the feed tuning layer PCB2 in a certain arrangement to form two tuning substrate integrated waveguide cavities.

[0062] like Figure 1 As shown, the first dielectric substrate Sub1 of the radiation unit layer PCB2 is a PCB dielectric board adapted to millimeter waves, and this embodiment adopts a Rogers5880 dielectric board.

[0063] like Figure 1 As shown, the feeding waveguide port 302 is a hollow metal waveguide port, which can be designed into other waveguide forms according to actual needs, such as barren waveguide, circular waveguide, etc., for feeding electromagnetic wave energy into the substrate integrated waveguide cavity of the above-mentioned feeding tuning layer PCB2.

[0064] refer to Figure 1 , Figure 3 and Figure 4, the electromagnetic wave energy of the feeding waveguide port 302 enters the substrate integrated waveguide cavity through the feeding waveguide coupling slot 204 of the second lower surface metal layer L4 of the feeding tuning layer PCB2, and then divides the electromagnetic energy into two energies with the same amplitude and phase, and the two energies reach the second feeding slots 201 and 202 of the feeding tuning layer PCB2 according to the re and rf routes respectively. In addition, since the second feeding slots 201, 202 of the second upper surface metal layer L3 of the feeding tuning layer PCB2 correspond to the first feeding slots 103, 104 of the first lower surface metal layer L2 of the radiation unit layer PCB1 in position, and the shapes overlap with each other, at this time, the energy reaches the radiation unit layer PCB1. The electromagnetic wave energy is fed simultaneously in the first feeding slots 103, 104 of PCB1, and the feeding paths are rc, ra and rb, rd respectively, forming a power division parallel feeding method.

[0065] In the present invention, by forming power division parallel feeding and combining it with a standing wave array antenna, the dispersion characteristics of the slot array antenna are suppressed. Under the same length of the antenna array, this scheme will reduce the phase change by half compared with the conventional slot array antenna scheme, which will enable the antenna to maintain a stable radiation pattern and a low sidelobe level within a wider bandwidth; through the power division parallel feeding method, the standing wave array antenna is divided into two small sub-arrays in a disguised manner, and the standing wave bandwidth of the sub-array is larger than the standing wave bandwidth of the main array, thereby achieving the purpose of extending the standing wave bandwidth; and, a stacked close-fitting feeding method is adopted, so that the antenna can maintain a narrow size width, which is beneficial to the miniaturization requirement of the antenna; by adjusting the length of the second tuning slots 207 and 209, the phase can be changed, thereby realizing artificial tuning of the antenna frequency.

[0066] like Figure 2 As shown, a side view of an adjustable millimeter wave slot antenna in an embodiment of the present invention, the radiation unit layer PCB1, the feed tuning layer PCB2 and the feed waveguide port 302 are stacked in sequence to form the adjustable millimeter wave slot antenna in the present invention, and the stacking arrangement can be achieved by screw fastening, glue gluing, etc. This solution has a large design redundancy while meeting the design requirements, and adopts the PCB processing method, which greatly reduces the production cost, improves the production speed, and is more conducive to large-scale production.

[0067] The power division parallel feeding method of the present invention is compared with Fig. 9The typical standing wave slot array shown suppresses the dispersion characteristics of the slot array antenna, and reduces the phase change (dispersion) by half under the same length of the antenna array, which will enable the antenna to maintain a stable pattern and a low sidelobe level within a wider bandwidth. In the radiation unit layer PCB1, the standing wave array antenna formed by the first radiation slot 101 completes the radiation process of the electromagnetic wave energy from the first metal via 102 to the free space, and forms the desired antenna pattern according to the designed arrangement.

[0068] refer to Figure 5 , is a schematic diagram of the structure of the tuning cavity of the adjustable millimeter wave slot antenna of the present invention, which is used to explain the principle of tuning frequency. The cavity surrounded by the upper metal via 403 is similar to the metal via 102 of PCB1, the cavity surrounded by the lower metal via 405 is similar to the second metal via of the cavity of PCB2, and the middle coupling slot 404 is similar to the first feeding slot 104 and the second feeding slot 202 of PCB1 and PCB2. Among them, 401 and 402 are two RF ports, which are used to simulate and test the performance of the tuning cavity and simulate the influence of the coupling slot length on the first metal via 102 of the antenna radiation unit layer PCB1.

[0069] like Fig.14 As shown, by adjusting the length of the coupling slot 404, the energy of the upper metal via 403 is coupled to the tuning cavity of the lower metal via 405. This operation is similar to changing the width of the substrate integrated waveguide of the radiation unit layer. Through simulation experiments, it can be found that different lengths correspond to different transmission phases, where each 1mm of slot length tunes a 10° phase change. Since the slot array is often a standing wave array antenna, reflected electromagnetic wave energy will be generated at the end of the array. By adjusting the length of the tuning slot 105 at the end of the antenna, the phase can be changed, thereby tuning the antenna frequency.

[0070] In a specific embodiment, the first portion surrounds the second feeding slot and the feeding waveguide coupling slot in a mirror-symmetrical or rotationally symmetrical manner, such as Figure 6 In the figure, the power division arm structure 212 is mirror-symmetrical to the power division arm structure 213. Figure 4 The center is rotationally symmetric.

[0071] In a specific embodiment, Figure 7 As shown in sub-figures (a) and (b) in FIG. 1 , the two first tuning slots 105 and 106 of the first lower surface metal layer L2 of the radiation unit layer PCB1 can be straight slots or wavy slots 207. The advantage of the wavy slot is that it can be staggered with the first radiation slot 101 above, reducing the impact on the antenna pattern.

[0072] In a specific embodiment, Figure 8 As shown, the feed waveguide port 302 can be designed on the base 303 of the antenna, so that the radiation unit layer PCB1 and the feed tuning layer PCB2 can be directly mounted on the base 303 by means of screws 304 and 305. In this way, the antenna structure is more solid and reliable.

[0073] Fig. 9 It is a typical standing wave slot array, which adopts a single-layer PCB structure and is used for comparative testing of the effect of the antenna of the present invention.

[0074] in, Fig.10 It is a schematic diagram comparing the standing wave simulation results of an adjustable millimeter-wave slot antenna of the present invention and a typical standing wave slot array antenna. Through the comparison, it can be found that the standing wave bandwidth of the present invention is doubled compared with the typical antenna, which proves that the antenna array provided by the embodiment of the present invention improves the working bandwidth and increases the redundancy of antenna production and processing.

[0075] Fig.11 This is the simulation result of the directional pattern of an adjustable millimeter wave slot antenna of the present invention and a typical standing wave slot array antenna. The simulation results show that the antenna has a very stable directional pattern shape in a wider frequency band (3% relative bandwidth), the main beams basically overlap, and at the same time maintains a good side lobe level, all less than -21dB. This proves that the present invention suppresses the dispersion characteristics of the slot array antenna and reduces the phase change (dispersion) by half, so that the antenna can maintain a stable directional pattern and a low side lobe level in a wider bandwidth.

[0076] Under the same length and width requirements, the bandwidth is doubled compared to the conventional slot array design, which will help reduce the impact of antenna substrate material and PCB processing technology on the antenna and improve the yield rate for large-scale production.

[0077] Fig.12 The measured directional pattern and the simulated directional pattern of the adjustable millimeter wave slot antenna of the present invention after processing are compared, and it can be found that the main beam overlap between the measured directional pattern and the simulated directional pattern is very high, and the measured directional pattern also has a side lobe level of -23dB, which proves the good performance of the present invention in practical applications.

[0078] Fig.13 This is a frequency gain curve of an adjustable millimeter wave slot antenna of the present invention. The gain variation of the antenna does not exceed 1 dB within a relative bandwidth of 4.5%, which further proves the broadband characteristics, redundancy and practicality of the present invention.

[0079] Fig.15It is a frequency tuning schematic diagram of an adjustable millimeter-wave slot antenna of the present invention. By manually changing the tuning slot length, when adjusting the 5mm slot, the antenna produces a frequency deviation of 0.4%, which proves the tuning effect of the present invention. At the same time, the tuning length is 5mm, which is easy to operate manually, which also proves the operational feasibility and convenience of the tuning method of the present invention.

[0080] The above is a detailed introduction to an adjustable millimeter-wave slot antenna provided in an embodiment of the present application. The various embodiments in the specification are described in a progressive manner, and each embodiment focuses on the differences from other embodiments. The same and similar parts between the embodiments can refer to each other. For the device disclosed in the embodiment, since it corresponds to the method disclosed in the embodiment, the description is relatively simple, and the relevant parts can refer to the method part description. It should be pointed out that for ordinary technicians in this technical field, without departing from the principles of the present application, several improvements and modifications can be made to the present application, and these improvements and modifications also fall within the scope of protection of the claims of the present application.

[0081] Professionals may further appreciate that the units and algorithm steps of each example described in conjunction with the embodiments disclosed herein can be implemented in electronic hardware, computer software, or a combination of the two. In order to clearly illustrate the interchangeability of hardware and software, the composition and steps of each example have been generally described in the above description according to function. Whether these functions are performed in hardware or software depends on the specific application and design constraints of the technical solution. Professionals and technicians may use different methods to implement the described functions for each specific application, but such implementation should not be considered to be beyond the scope of this application.

[0082] The steps of the method or algorithm described in conjunction with the embodiments disclosed herein may be implemented directly using hardware, a software module executed by a processor, or a combination of the two. The software module may be placed in a random access memory (RAM), a memory, a read-only memory (ROM), an electrically programmable ROM, an electrically erasable programmable ROM, a register, a hard disk, a removable disk, a CD-ROM, or any other form of storage medium known in the art.

Claims

1. An adjustable millimeter wave slot antenna, characterized in that: include: The radiation unit layer, the feed tuning layer and the feed waveguide port are stacked in sequence. The radiation unit layer comprises first upper surface metal layers arranged in sequence, and a plurality of first radiation slits are etched on the surface of the first upper surface metal layers; a first dielectric substrate; A first lower surface metal layer, wherein two first feeding slots and two first tuning slots which are symmetrically arranged are etched on the surface of the first lower surface metal layer; A first metal via penetrates the radiation unit layer and surrounds the first radiation slot, the first feeding slot and the first tuning slot; The feed tuning layer comprises a second upper surface metal layer arranged in sequence, two second feed slots and two second tuning slots are etched on the surface of the second upper surface metal layer, and the shapes and positions of the second feed slots and the first tuning slots correspond to those of the first feed slots and the first tuning slots; a second dielectric substrate; A second lower surface metal layer, wherein a feeding waveguide coupling slot is etched on the surface of the second lower surface metal layer; A second metal via penetrates the feed tuning layer, the second metal via comprises a first portion and a second portion, the first portion surrounds the second feed slot and the feed waveguide coupling slot, and the second portion surrounds the second tuning slot; The feeding waveguide port is a hollow metal waveguide structure; The electromagnetic wave energy at the feeding waveguide port passes through the feeding waveguide coupling slot in the feeding tuning layer, is divided into two energies with the same amplitude and phase, reaches the two second feeding slots respectively, and comes to the radiation unit layer, and is fed simultaneously at the two first feeding slots.

2. The adjustable millimeter wave slot antenna according to claim 1, characterized in that: The two first feeding slots are located at a distance of ±1 / 4 from the center, and the two first tuning slots are located at the ends.

3. The adjustable millimeter wave slot antenna according to claim 1, characterized in that: The first dielectric substrate and the second dielectric substrate are PCB dielectric boards adapted to millimeter waves.

4. The adjustable millimeter wave slot antenna according to claim 1, characterized in that: The radiation unit layer, the feeding tuning layer and the feeding waveguide port are stacked and arranged in sequence, and the stacking arrangement can be achieved by fastening with screws or gluing with glue.

5. The adjustable millimeter wave slot antenna according to claim 1, characterized in that: The first radiation slots are arranged in a rotationally symmetrical manner around the array center or in a mirror-symmetrical manner around the array center to form corresponding standing wave array antenna slots.

6. The adjustable millimeter wave slot antenna according to claim 1, characterized in that: The first tuning slot is a wavy slot or a straight slot.

7. The adjustable millimeter wave slot antenna according to claim 1, characterized in that: The size ratio of the second feeding slot to the first feeding slot is 1.15:1 or 1:

1.

8. The adjustable millimeter wave slot antenna according to claim 1, characterized in that: The surrounding ring layer formed by the first metal via is 2 circles or 1 circle.

9. The adjustable millimeter wave slot antenna according to claim 1, characterized in that: The first portion surrounds the second feeding slot and the feeding waveguide coupling slot in a mirror-symmetrical or rotationally symmetrical manner.

10. The adjustable millimeter wave slot antenna according to claim 1, characterized in that: The feeding waveguide port is designed on the base of the adjustable millimeter wave slot antenna.

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