Road traffic infrastructure photovoltaic resource quantity analysis method

Abstract

The invention discloses a road traffic infrastructure photovoltaic resource quantity analysis method, and relates to the technical field of photovoltaic resource quantity analysis, and the method comprises the following steps: S1, constructing a photovoltaic energy storage system; s2, operating the photovoltaic energy storage system; s3, optimizing energy storage capacity configuration; and S4, determining a configuration method of the energy storage capacity. The space resources of road traffic and the flexibility of photovoltaic power generation installation and arrangement are fully utilized, the power generation potential of renewable energy sources is developed to the maximum extent, sufficient energy power supply is provided for a traffic energy system, meanwhile, a wide power consumption space is provided for photovoltaic power generation, and due to the fact that the power utilization load and the power generation amount are unbalanced in time, the power generation efficiency is improved. Through time translation of energy storage to energy, matching of load and generating capacity is realized, and in addition, rapid charging and discharging are realized by utilizing a super capacitor, so that the power of the storage battery can be increased to the required power in a short time when the storage battery is used for supplying power.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of photovoltaic resource quantity analysis, and in particular to a method for analyzing the photovoltaic resource quantity of a highway traffic infrastructure. Background Art

[0002] The normal operation of tunnel traffic depends on the normal operation of various electromechanical equipment such as tunnel monitoring system, ventilation system, lighting system, fire protection system, etc. If the power distribution system is unstable, it will cause the entire traffic relationship system to be out of balance, or even paralyze the entire system, seriously causing traffic safety. According to the characteristics of highway tunnels, the power supply distance is long and linearly distributed. With the relatively concentrated distribution of multiple long tunnels, the total length increases, and the corresponding number of power distribution equipment will also increase. Therefore, tunnel power supply is different from industrial and residential power supply systems;

[0003] At present, the demand for energy in the transportation sector is gradually increasing, and photovoltaic power generation is regarded as an important pillar for providing energy for the power system. However, due to the characteristics of highway tunnel infrastructure itself, it is difficult to achieve continuous power supply while the demand for electricity is increasing. In addition, the photovoltaic power generation in different periods is also different, and there is an imbalance in the time between the power load and the power generation. Therefore, energy storage configuration is very critical. In addition, according to the long power generation time characteristics and the impact of the power load itself, section configuration and energy regulation should also be considered, otherwise disordered power distribution is likely to occur, resulting in waste of resources without bringing benefits, and even seriously affecting the normal operation of transportation. Summary of the invention

[0004] The purpose of the present invention is to provide a method for analyzing the photovoltaic resource quantity of highway traffic infrastructure to solve the problems raised in the above background technology.

[0005] To achieve the above object, the present invention provides the following technical solution: a method for analyzing photovoltaic resources of highway traffic infrastructure, comprising the following steps:

[0006] S1. Build a photovoltaic energy storage system: Install photovoltaic modules in the safe area between the left and right doorways of the highway tunnel entrance and exit, and build distributed photovoltaics to the maximum extent. Distributed photovoltaics operate with the goal of injecting the maximum active power into the power grid, thereby converting renewable energy into electrical energy, and then build a photovoltaic energy storage system;

[0007] S2. Operation of the photovoltaic energy storage system: The photovoltaic energy storage system is operated in the current conversion control mode, and the power transmission is controlled according to the photovoltaic output, thereby selectively charging the photovoltaic energy storage system;

[0008] S3. Optimize the energy storage capacity configuration: When the photovoltaic power generation output is higher than the load power demand, the photovoltaic energy storage system stores surplus energy, and when the photovoltaic power generation output is lower than the load power demand, the photovoltaic energy storage system releases the stored energy, thereby achieving the balance between the time displacement of energy and power. The energy storage capacity configuration of the photovoltaic energy storage system is optimized according to the daily photovoltaic output energy and the day and night power demand;

[0009] S4. Determine the configuration method of energy storage capacity: Energy storage capacity configuration includes energy-type energy storage capacity configuration and power-type energy storage capacity configuration. The two work together to realize the power supply of the entire stage, meet different energy and power requirements, and calculate the photovoltaic output every day of the year based on the actual sunlight. Then, calculate the daily load data based on the resource consumption of road traffic infrastructure, so as to determine the configuration method of energy storage capacity.

[0010] Preferably, in step S1, the construction process of the photovoltaic energy storage system includes the following steps:

[0011] S101, combining a battery and a supercapacitor to construct an energy storage structure;

[0012] S102, the electricity generated by photovoltaic power is inverted and boosted after maximum power control, and then connected to the energy storage structure;

[0013] S103, the photovoltaic cells, batteries and supercapacitors generate DC voltage after passing through their respective DC / DC converters, and then the DC voltages are merged. At this time, energy is exchanged between the photovoltaic cells and the batteries of the energy storage structure, and then voltage conversion is performed through the inverter.

[0014] Preferably, in step S2, the AC control mode is: using an inverter in the photovoltaic energy storage system, if the photovoltaic array output is greater than the load requirement, the inverter acts as an inverter to transmit power from the DC side to the AC side, and at the same time, the photovoltaic output is used to charge the photovoltaic energy storage system first, and the remaining power is returned to the power grid. If the photovoltaic array output is less than the load requirement, and the battery and the charge state do not meet the conditions for continuing to output sufficient power, the inverter acts as a rectifier to transmit electric energy from the AC side to the DC side, and the photovoltaic output and the power grid charge the photovoltaic energy storage system at the same time.

[0015] Preferably, in step S2, the output of the photovoltaic array includes a photovoltaic array model, specifically:

[0016]

[0017] Among them, i pv Represents the photovoltaic module current, n p Indicates the number of parallel units, n s Indicates the number of series units, I ph Represents the photocurrent, Isat represents the module reverse saturation current, q represents the electron charge, and its value is 1.602×10 -19 C, A represents the ideal coefficient, which is 1.5, and k represents the Boltzmann constant, which is 1.38×10 -23 J / K, T represents the surface temperature of the photovoltaic module, the value is 350K, V pv Indicates the PV module voltage, I pv Represents the series current of photovoltaic modules, R s is the series resistance of the photovoltaic cell, I sso Indicates short-circuit current, the value is 3.27A, k i Indicates the short-circuit current temperature coefficient, the value is 1.7e -3 , T r represents the reference temperature, which is 301.18K, S represents the solar radiation level, I rr Indicates T r Reverse saturation current at temperature, E gap represents the band gap energy of silicon, and exp represents an exponential function.

[0018] Preferably, step S3 comprises the following steps:

[0019] S301. The difference between the daily total load and the photovoltaic output refers to the net load. When the net load exceeds the distribution capacity and reaches the peak load, the photovoltaic energy storage system releases the energy storage capacity. When the net load is lower than the distribution capacity, the photovoltaic energy storage system is charged through the power grid and the energy storage capacity is released when the next peak load arrives.

[0020] S302, assuming that the total power consumption of the power load at night is C 1 , the energy storage capacity of the photovoltaic energy storage system is C 0 , the power supply capacity of the grid is C g , then the total power consumption of the power load at night meets C 0 +C g ≥C 1 ;

[0021] S303: Distributed photovoltaic power consumption starts to charge the energy storage system under the premise of meeting the power consumption of highway tunnel infrastructure. The night time is set to 8 hours, and the energy storage is configured with a total load of 2 hours. When the next night comes, the energy storage capacity C of the photovoltaic energy storage system 0 The energy content Among them, C 1 is the total power consumption of the electric load at night, and the photovoltaic output energy C during the day 3 Satisfy C 3 ≥C 0 ;

[0022] S304: When the formulas in step S303 are not satisfied, it proves that the daily residual power of the distributed photovoltaic assembly does not meet the 2-hour energy storage capacity, and the power generation efficiency is low. At this time, the configuration of the energy storage capacity is increased. Assuming that the increased capacity is ΔC, the increased energy storage capacity meets C 0 +ΔC+C g ≥C 1 , where C g Power supply capacity for the grid, C 0 is the energy storage capacity of the photovoltaic energy storage system, C 1 is the total power consumption of the electrical load at night;

[0023] S305, the charging process of energy storage is to select photovoltaic power generation when the photovoltaic power generation is higher than the distribution capacity, and use the grid power supply when the photovoltaic power generation is low and the energy storage capacity is less than 2 hours of load power consumption, then the grid power supply capacity C g Satisfy C g ≤C 0 -C 3 , where C 0 is the energy storage capacity of the photovoltaic energy storage system, C 3 It is the photovoltaic power output energy during the day;

[0024] S306. The capacity configuration formula of the photovoltaic energy storage system is:

[0025] C=max{C 0 ,(C 1 -μC g ) / μ};

[0026] Where C represents the capacity configuration of the photovoltaic energy storage system, C 0 is the energy storage capacity of the photovoltaic energy storage system, C 1 Indicates the total power consumption of the electrical load at night, C g represents the power supply capacity of the grid, μ represents the battery discharge depth, and max represents the maximum value function.

[0027] Preferably, step S4 comprises the following steps:

[0028] S401. First, according to the comparison between the daily photovoltaic output and the power load, the photovoltaic module configuration section is divided into three resource areas: if the number of days when the photovoltaic output is greater than the load power consumption still exceeds 50% after excluding the summer, it is a resource-rich area; if the number of days when the photovoltaic output is less than the load power consumption still exceeds 50% after excluding the winter, it is a resource-scarce area; the others are general resource areas.

[0029] Preferably, in step S401, the configuration methods of energy storage capacity in three resource areas are determined respectively. The configuration method of energy storage capacity in the resource-rich area is: the maximum value of the accumulated energy required by the instantaneous power of the load to exceed the photovoltaic output every day is used as the capacity of the photovoltaic energy storage system;

[0030] The configuration method of energy storage capacity in resource-scarce areas is: the maximum value of the cumulative energy required by the instantaneous photovoltaic power exceeding the load every day throughout the year is used as the capacity of the photovoltaic energy storage system;

[0031] The configuration method of energy storage capacity in general resource areas is: compare the maximum value of the cumulative energy required by the instantaneous power of the load to exceed the load requirement every day with the maximum value of the cumulative energy required by the instantaneous photovoltaic power to exceed the load every day throughout the year, obtain the maximum value between the two, and use this maximum value as the capacity of the photovoltaic energy storage system.

[0032] Preferably, the step S4 further includes the following steps:

[0033] S402, the energy storage capacity configuration is closely related to the photovoltaic output and load characteristics, and the energy storage capacity meets the accumulated value of the hourly power shortage and the power change during continuous charging or discharging;

[0034] S403. The configuration of power-type energy storage capacity is closely related to the instantaneous characteristics of the power load. When configuring the power-type energy storage capacity, the rated power of the transportation infrastructure is calculated in real time to ensure that the maximum output power of the photovoltaic energy storage system exceeds the power required by the load.

[0035] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0036] 1. The present invention satisfies the continuous power supply of tunnel load by constructing an energy storage system, and installs photovoltaic modules in the safe area between the left and right doorways of the highway tunnel entrance and exit, making full use of the spatial resources of highway traffic and the flexibility of photovoltaic power generation installation and layout, maximizing the power generation potential of renewable energy, providing sufficient energy and power supply for the transportation energy system, and providing a broad power consumption space for photovoltaic power generation. Due to the imbalance of power load and power generation in time, the time shift of energy storage is used to achieve the matching of load and power generation. In addition, supercapacitors are used to achieve rapid charging and discharging, so that the battery power can be increased to the required power in a short time when powered by batteries;

[0037] 2. The present invention divides the energy storage capacity configuration into power-type energy storage capacity configuration and energy-type energy storage capacity configuration. Since the load is impactful, the photovoltaic energy storage system can increase the output power to the required value in a short time through the power-type energy storage capacity configuration. In addition, since the load has a large power, a long duration, and a large energy consumption, the energy storage capacity of the photovoltaic energy storage system is increased through the energy-type energy storage capacity configuration to meet the subsequent electricity consumption of the load. The two work together to realize the power supply of the entire stage and meet different energy and power requirements. In addition, the resource allocation of different sections is distinguished according to the light intensity, and the configuration method of different energy storage capacities is executed to adjust the energy storage capacity of the photovoltaic energy storage system in different periods, which can achieve good economic benefits. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0038] Figure 1 A schematic diagram of the overall method flow provided by an embodiment of the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0039] The following will be combined with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention to clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0040] See also Figure 1 The present invention provides a technical solution: a method for analyzing the photovoltaic resource quantity of highway traffic infrastructure, comprising the following steps:

[0041] S1. Build a photovoltaic energy storage system: Install photovoltaic modules in the safe area between the left and right doorways of the highway tunnel entrance and exit, and build distributed photovoltaics to the maximum extent. Distributed photovoltaics operate with the goal of injecting the maximum active power into the power grid, thereby converting renewable energy into electrical energy, and then build a photovoltaic energy storage system;

[0042] S2. Operation of the photovoltaic energy storage system: The photovoltaic energy storage system is operated in the current conversion control mode, and the power transmission is controlled according to the photovoltaic output, thereby selectively charging the photovoltaic energy storage system;

[0043] S3. Optimize the energy storage capacity configuration: When the photovoltaic power generation output is higher than the load power demand, the photovoltaic energy storage system stores surplus energy, and when the photovoltaic power generation output is lower than the load power demand, the photovoltaic energy storage system releases the stored energy, thereby achieving the balance between the time displacement of energy and power. The energy storage capacity configuration of the photovoltaic energy storage system is optimized according to the daily photovoltaic output energy and the day and night power demand;

[0044] S4. Determine the configuration method of energy storage capacity: Energy storage capacity configuration includes energy-type energy storage capacity configuration and power-type energy storage capacity configuration. The two work together to realize the power supply of the entire stage, meet different energy and power requirements, and calculate the photovoltaic output every day of the year based on the actual sunlight. Then, calculate the daily load data based on the resource consumption of road traffic infrastructure, so as to determine the configuration method of energy storage capacity.

[0045] In step S1, the construction process of the photovoltaic energy storage system includes the following steps:

[0046] S101, combining a battery and a supercapacitor to construct an energy storage structure;

[0047] Supercapacitors charge and discharge very quickly, and as a power-type component, they can meet the load impact in the early stage of power supply. The power of the battery rises fully, but the capacity is large, and as an energy-type component, it can meet the subsequent power consumption of the load.

[0048] S102, the electricity generated by photovoltaic power is inverted and boosted after maximum power control, and then connected to the energy storage structure;

[0049] S103, the photovoltaic cell, the storage battery and the supercapacitor generate a DC voltage after passing through their respective DC / DC converters, and then the DC voltages are merged, at which time energy is exchanged between the photovoltaic cell and the storage battery of the energy storage structure, and then voltage conversion is performed through the inverter;

[0050] In step S2, the AC control mode is: the converter is used in the photovoltaic energy storage system. If the output of the photovoltaic array is greater than the load requirement, the converter acts as an inverter to transmit power from the DC side to the AC side. At the same time, the photovoltaic output is used to charge the photovoltaic energy storage system first, and the remaining power is returned to the grid. If the output of the photovoltaic array is less than the load requirement, and the battery and the charge state do not meet the conditions for continuing to output sufficient power, the converter acts as a rectifier to transmit electric energy from the AC side to the DC side. The photovoltaic output and the grid charge the photovoltaic energy storage system at the same time.

[0051] In step S2, the output of the photovoltaic array includes a photovoltaic array model, specifically:

[0052]

[0053] Among them, i pv Represents the photovoltaic module current, n p Indicates the number of parallel units, n s Indicates the number of series units, I ph Represents the photocurrent, I sat represents the module reverse saturation current, q represents the electron charge, and its value is 1.602×10 -19 C, A represents the ideal coefficient, which is 1.5, and k represents the Boltzmann constant, which is 1.38×10-23 J / K, T represents the surface temperature of the photovoltaic module, the value is 350K, V pv Indicates the PV module voltage, I pv Represents the series current of photovoltaic modules, R s is the series resistance of the photovoltaic cell, I sso Indicates short-circuit current, the value is 3.27A, k i Indicates the short-circuit current temperature coefficient, the value is 1.7e -3 , T r represents the reference temperature, which is 301.18K, S represents the solar radiation level, I rr Indicates T r Reverse saturation current at temperature, E gap represents the band gap energy of silicon, and exp represents the exponential function;

[0054] Step S3 includes the following steps:

[0055] S301. The difference between the daily total load and the photovoltaic output refers to the net load. When the net load exceeds the distribution capacity and reaches the peak load, the photovoltaic energy storage system releases the energy storage capacity. When the net load is lower than the distribution capacity, the photovoltaic energy storage system is charged through the power grid and the energy storage capacity is released when the next peak load arrives.

[0056] S302, assuming that the total power consumption of the power load at night is C 1 , the energy storage capacity of the photovoltaic energy storage system is C 0 , the power supply capacity of the grid is C g , then the total power consumption of the power load at night meets C 0 +C g ≥C 1 ;

[0057] S303: Distributed photovoltaic power consumption starts to charge the energy storage system under the premise of meeting the power consumption of highway tunnel infrastructure. The night time is set to 8 hours, and the energy storage is configured with a total load of 2 hours. When the next night comes, the energy storage capacity C of the photovoltaic energy storage system 0 The energy content Among them, C 1 is the total power consumption of the electric load at night, and the photovoltaic output energy C during the day 3 Satisfy C 3 ≥C 0 ;

[0058] S304: When the formulas in step S303 are not satisfied, it proves that the daily residual power of the distributed photovoltaic assembly does not meet the 2-hour energy storage capacity, and the power generation efficiency is low. At this time, the configuration of the energy storage capacity is increased. Assuming that the increased capacity is ΔC, the increased energy storage capacity meets C 0 +ΔC+C g≥C 1 , where C g Power supply capacity for the grid, C 0 is the energy storage capacity of the photovoltaic energy storage system, C 1 is the total power consumption of the electrical load at night;

[0059] S305, the charging process of energy storage is to select photovoltaic power generation when the photovoltaic power generation is higher than the distribution capacity, and use the grid power supply when the photovoltaic power generation is low and the energy storage capacity is less than 2 hours of load power consumption, then the grid power supply capacity C g Satisfy C g ≤C 0 -C 3 , where C 0 is the energy storage capacity of the photovoltaic energy storage system, C 3 It is the photovoltaic power output energy during the day;

[0060] S306. The capacity configuration formula of the photovoltaic energy storage system is:

[0061] C = max{C0,(C1-μCg) / μ};

[0062] Where C represents the capacity configuration of the photovoltaic energy storage system, C 0 is the energy storage capacity of the photovoltaic energy storage system, C 1 Indicates the total power consumption of the electrical load at night, C g represents the power supply capacity of the grid, μ represents the battery discharge depth, and max represents the maximum value function;

[0063] Step S4 includes the following steps:

[0064] S401. First, according to the comparison between the photovoltaic output and the power load every day, the photovoltaic module configuration section is divided into three resource areas: if the number of days when the photovoltaic output is greater than the load power consumption is still more than 50% after excluding the summer, it is a resource-rich area; if the number of days when the photovoltaic output is less than the load power consumption is still more than 50% after excluding the winter, it is a resource-scarce area; the rest are general resource areas;

[0065] In step S401, the configuration methods of energy storage capacity in three resource areas are determined respectively. The configuration method of energy storage capacity in resource-rich areas is: the maximum value of the accumulated energy required by the instantaneous power of the load to exceed the photovoltaic output every day is used as the capacity of the photovoltaic energy storage system;

[0066] The configuration method of energy storage capacity in resource-scarce areas is: the maximum value of the cumulative energy required by the instantaneous photovoltaic power exceeding the load every day throughout the year is used as the capacity of the photovoltaic energy storage system;

[0067] The configuration method of energy storage capacity in general resource areas is: compare the maximum value of the cumulative energy required by the instantaneous power of the load to exceed the load requirement every day with the maximum value of the cumulative energy required by the instantaneous photovoltaic power to exceed the load every day throughout the year, obtain the maximum value between the two, and use this maximum value as the capacity of the photovoltaic energy storage system;

[0068] Step S4 also includes the following steps:

[0069] S402. The energy storage capacity configuration is closely related to the photovoltaic output and load characteristics. The energy storage capacity meets the cumulative value of the hourly power shortage and the power change during continuous charging or discharging, and satisfies the following formula:

[0070] E b =max(E 1 ,E 2 );

[0071] E 1 =max(ΔP 1 Δt,|ΔP 1 Δt+ΔP 2 Δt,···,|ΔP 1 Δt+ΔP 2 Δt+···+ΔP n Δt);

[0072]

[0073] Among them, E b Indicates the rated capacity of the energy storage device, ΔP i , ΔP k They represent the output demand of the energy storage system within the time interval Δt, i and k represent the time sequence, i∈[1,n], k∈[1,m n ], Δt represents the time interval, which is one hour, 1~m 1 、m 2 ~m 3 、m j ~m n Indicates the period of time that requires continuous charging or continuous discharging, m j Indicates time, m j ∈[1,m n ], max represents the maximum value function, E 1 and E 2 represents the intermediate parameter, and |·| represents the absolute value;

[0074] S403. The configuration of power-type energy storage capacity is closely related to the instantaneous characteristics of the power load. When configuring the power-type energy storage capacity, the rated power of the transportation infrastructure is calculated in real time to ensure that the maximum output power of the photovoltaic energy storage system exceeds the power required by the load.

[0075] It should be noted that, in this article, relational terms such as first and second, etc. are only used to distinguish one entity or operation from another entity or operation, and do not necessarily require or imply any such actual relationship or order between these entities or operations. Moreover, the terms "include", "comprise" or any other variants thereof are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion, so that a process, method, article or device including a series of elements includes not only those elements, but also other elements not explicitly listed, or also includes elements inherent to such process, method, article or device.

[0076] Although embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described, it will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that various changes, modifications, substitutions and variations may be made to the embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the present invention, and that the scope of the present invention is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A method for analyzing photovoltaic resources of highway traffic infrastructure, characterized in that: The method comprises the following steps: S1. Build a photovoltaic energy storage system: Install photovoltaic modules in the safe area between the left and right doorways of the highway tunnel entrance and exit, and build distributed photovoltaics to the maximum extent. Distributed photovoltaics operate with the goal of injecting the maximum active power into the power grid, thereby converting renewable energy into electrical energy, and then build a photovoltaic energy storage system; S2. Operation of the photovoltaic energy storage system: The photovoltaic energy storage system is operated in the current conversion control mode, and the power transmission is controlled according to the photovoltaic output, thereby selectively charging the photovoltaic energy storage system; S3. Optimize the energy storage capacity configuration: When the photovoltaic power generation output is higher than the load power demand, the photovoltaic energy storage system stores surplus energy, and when the photovoltaic power generation output is lower than the load power demand, the photovoltaic energy storage system releases the stored energy, thereby achieving the balance between the time displacement of energy and power. The energy storage capacity configuration of the photovoltaic energy storage system is optimized according to the daily photovoltaic output energy and the day and night power demand; S4. Determine the configuration method of energy storage capacity: Energy storage capacity configuration includes energy-type energy storage capacity configuration and power-type energy storage capacity configuration. The two work together to realize the power supply of the entire stage, meet different energy and power requirements, and calculate the photovoltaic output every day of the year based on the actual sunlight. Then, calculate the daily load data based on the resource consumption of road traffic infrastructure, so as to determine the configuration method of energy storage capacity.

2. A method for analyzing photovoltaic resources of highway traffic infrastructure according to claim 1, characterized in that: In step S1, the construction process of the photovoltaic energy storage system includes the following steps: S101, combining a battery and a supercapacitor to construct an energy storage structure; S102, the electricity generated by photovoltaic power is inverted and boosted after maximum power control, and then connected to the energy storage structure; S103, the photovoltaic cells, batteries and supercapacitors generate DC voltage after passing through their respective DC / DC converters, and then the DC voltages are merged. At this time, energy is exchanged between the photovoltaic cells and the batteries of the energy storage structure, and then voltage conversion is performed through the inverter.

3. A method for analyzing photovoltaic resources of highway traffic infrastructure according to claim 1, characterized in that: In step S2, the AC control mode is: using an inverter in the photovoltaic energy storage system, if the photovoltaic array output is greater than the load requirement, the inverter acts as an inverter to transmit power from the DC side to the AC side, and at the same time, the photovoltaic output is used to charge the photovoltaic energy storage system first, and the remaining power is returned to the power grid. If the photovoltaic array output is less than the load requirement, and the battery and the charge state do not meet the conditions for continuing to output sufficient power, the inverter acts as a rectifier to transmit electric energy from the AC side to the DC side, and the photovoltaic output and the power grid simultaneously charge the photovoltaic energy storage system.

4. A method for analyzing photovoltaic resources of highway traffic infrastructure according to claim 3, characterized in that: In step S2, the output of the photovoltaic array includes a photovoltaic array model, specifically: Among them, i pv Represents the photovoltaic module current, n p Indicates the number of parallel units, n s Indicates the number of series units, I ph Represents the photocurrent, I sat represents the module reverse saturation current, q represents the electron charge, and its value is 1.602×10 -19 C, A represents the ideal coefficient, which is 1.5, and k represents the Boltzmann constant, which is 1.38×10 -23 J / K, T represents the surface temperature of the photovoltaic module, the value is 350K, V pv Indicates the PV module voltage, I pv Represents the series current of photovoltaic modules, R s is the series resistance of the photovoltaic cell, I sso Indicates short-circuit current, the value is 3.27A, k i Indicates the short-circuit current temperature coefficient, the value is 1.7e -3 , T r represents the reference temperature, which is 301.18K, S represents the solar radiation level, I rr Indicates T r Reverse saturation current at temperature, E gap represents the band gap energy of silicon, and exp represents an exponential function.

5. The method for analyzing photovoltaic resources of highway traffic infrastructure according to claim 1, characterized in that: The step S3 comprises the following steps: S301. The difference between the daily total load and the photovoltaic output refers to the net load. When the net load exceeds the distribution capacity and reaches the peak load, the photovoltaic energy storage system releases the energy storage capacity. When the net load is lower than the distribution capacity, the photovoltaic energy storage system is charged through the power grid and the energy storage capacity is released when the next peak load arrives. S302, assuming that the total power consumption of the power load at night is C1, the energy storage capacity of the photovoltaic energy storage system is C0, and the power supply capacity of the grid is C g , then the total power consumption of the power load at night meets C0+C g ≥C1; S303: Distributed photovoltaic power consumption starts to charge the energy storage system under the premise of meeting the power consumption of highway tunnel infrastructure. The night time is set to 8 hours, and the energy storage is configured with a total load of 2 hours. When the next night comes, the energy storage capacity C0 of the photovoltaic energy storage system meets the energy consumption of highway tunnel infrastructure. Among them, C1 is the total power consumption of the electric load at night, and the photovoltaic output energy C3 during the day satisfies C3 ≥ C0; S304: When the formulas in step S303 are not satisfied, it proves that the daily residual power of the distributed photovoltaic assembly does not meet the 2-hour energy storage capacity, and the power generation efficiency is low. At this time, the configuration of the energy storage capacity is increased. Assuming that the increased capacity is ΔC, the increased energy storage capacity satisfies C0+ΔC+C g ≥C1, where C g is the power supply capacity of the grid, C0 is the energy storage capacity of the photovoltaic energy storage system, and C1 is the total power consumption of the electric load at night; S305, the charging process of energy storage is to select photovoltaic power generation when the photovoltaic power generation is higher than the distribution capacity, and use the grid power supply when the photovoltaic power generation is low and the energy storage capacity is less than 2 hours of load power consumption, then the grid power supply capacity C g Satisfy C g ≤C0-C3, where C0 is the energy storage capacity of the photovoltaic energy storage system and C3 is the photovoltaic output energy during the day; S306. The capacity configuration formula of the photovoltaic energy storage system is: C=max{C0,(C1-μC g ) / μ}; Among them, C represents the capacity configuration of the photovoltaic energy storage system, C0 is the energy storage capacity of the photovoltaic energy storage system, C1 represents the total power consumption of the electric load at night, and C g represents the power supply capacity of the grid, μ represents the battery discharge depth, and max represents the maximum value function.

6. A method for analyzing photovoltaic resources of highway traffic infrastructure according to claim 1, characterized in that: The step S4 comprises the following steps: S401. First, according to the comparison between the daily photovoltaic output and the power load, the photovoltaic module configuration section is divided into three resource areas: if the number of days when the photovoltaic output is greater than the load power consumption still exceeds 50% after excluding the summer, it is a resource-rich area; if the number of days when the photovoltaic output is less than the load power consumption still exceeds 50% after excluding the winter, it is a resource-scarce area; the others are general resource areas.

7. A method for analyzing photovoltaic resources of highway traffic infrastructure according to claim 7, characterized in that: In the step S401, the configuration methods of energy storage capacity in three resource areas are determined respectively. The configuration method of energy storage capacity in the resource-rich area is: the maximum value of the accumulated energy required by the instantaneous power of the load to exceed the photovoltaic output every day is used as the capacity of the photovoltaic energy storage system; The configuration method of energy storage capacity in resource-scarce areas is: the maximum value of the cumulative energy required by the instantaneous photovoltaic power exceeding the load every day throughout the year is used as the capacity of the photovoltaic energy storage system; The configuration method of energy storage capacity in general resource areas is: compare the maximum value of the cumulative energy required by the instantaneous power of the load to exceed the load requirement every day with the maximum value of the cumulative energy required by the instantaneous photovoltaic power to exceed the load every day throughout the year, obtain the maximum value between the two, and use this maximum value as the capacity of the photovoltaic energy storage system.

8. A method for analyzing photovoltaic resources of highway traffic infrastructure according to claim 8, characterized in that: The step S4 also includes the following steps: S402, the energy storage capacity configuration is closely related to the photovoltaic output and load characteristics, and the energy storage capacity meets the accumulated value of the hourly power shortage and the power change during continuous charging or discharging; S403. The configuration of power-type energy storage capacity is closely related to the instantaneous characteristics of the power load. When configuring the power-type energy storage capacity, the rated power of the transportation infrastructure is calculated in real time to ensure that the maximum output power of the photovoltaic energy storage system exceeds the power required by the load.

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