Composite medicament for promoting color change of grapes in hot area as well as preparation method and application of composite medicament

Abstract

The invention discloses a composite agent for promoting coloring of grapes in a hot area as well as a preparation method and application of the composite agent, and belongs to the technical field of grape planting. The basic formula of the composite agent comprises 30-260 mg / L of plant hormones, 30-150 mg / L of amino acids and 0.5-1 g / L of mineral elements. Stress-resistant substances and natural plant extracts can be added into a preferable formula, so that the coloring effect and the stress resistance are further enhanced. Through the synergistic effect of multiple components, under high temperature stress, the composite agent significantly improves the fruit coloring efficiency, enhances blue-violet and red-violet color tones, reduces yellow-green color tones, significantly improves the soluble solid content (11.21-19.08%), and improves the appearance and internal quality of fruits. The method is easy and convenient to operate, efficient in color changing, suitable for planting of grapes in hot areas and other grapes with color changing obstacles, and remarkable in economic value and application and popularization potential.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention belongs to the technical field of grape planting, and more specifically relates to a composite agent for promoting color change of grapes in hot zones, and a preparation method and application thereof, in particular to a plant regulation technology for significantly improving the color change efficiency, coloring degree and quality of fruits under high temperature stress conditions. Background Art

[0002] The color change of grape fruit is mainly related to the synthesis and accumulation of anthocyanins. However, under the high temperature environment in hot areas, grape fruit often suffers from uneven color change, delayed coloring, or even fading, which leads to a decrease in commodity value, seriously affecting its market competitiveness. Existing solutions such as shade net covering and cooling devices can partially alleviate the high temperature problem, but the operation is complicated, the cost is high, and the effect on improving fruit coloring is limited. In addition, existing plant regulation technologies mostly use a single component (such as plant hormones) or a simple combination. Although it can promote fruit coloring to a certain extent, the effect is unstable under high temperature stress conditions and cannot meet the actual needs of hot zone planting. Therefore, the development of a technical solution that can significantly improve the color change efficiency, coloring degree and quality of grape fruit under high temperature stress through the synergistic effect of components, and is simple to operate and economically feasible, not only has important application value, but also provides a new technical direction for grape cultivation. Summary of the invention

[0003] The purpose of the present invention is to provide a composite agent for promoting the color change of grapes in hot areas, and a preparation method and application thereof, so as to solve the problems of unsatisfactory color change effect, limited quality improvement, and complicated operation of grape fruits under high temperature stress in the prior art. The composite agent significantly improves the color change efficiency and coloring degree of fruits under high temperature environment through the synergistic effect of plant hormones, amino acids and mineral elements, and at the same time improves the quality and stress resistance of fruits, and has significant economic value and application potential.

[0004] To achieve the above object, the present invention provides the following solutions:

[0005] One of the technical solutions of the present invention is to provide a composite agent for promoting the color change of grapes in hot areas, comprising the following components:

[0006] Plant hormones 30-260mg / L, amino acids 30-150mg / L and mineral elements 0.5-1g / L;

[0007] The plant hormones include abscisic acid and / or methyl jasmonate; the amino acids include one or more of phenylalanine, tryptophan and glutamic acid; and the mineral elements include boric acid and / or potassium dihydrogen phosphate.

[0008] Among them, through the synergistic effect of plant hormones, amino acids and mineral elements, the color change of grape fruits is significantly promoted under high temperature environment, the blue-purple and red-purple tones are enhanced, the yellow-green tones are reduced, and the soluble solids content of the fruit is increased.

[0009] Preferably, the composite agent also includes stress-resistant substances and / or natural plant extracts. The stress-resistant substances include salicylic acid, which is used to enhance the stress resistance of fruits. The concentration of stress-resistant substances in the composite agent is 0.5-1 mg / L. The natural plant extracts include one or more of seaweed extracts, sugarcane extracts and chitosan, which are used to improve the quality and uniformity of fruits. The concentration of natural plant extracts in the composite agent is 0.1-2.7 g / L.

[0010] The present invention develops a synergistic and efficient composite agent by scientifically selecting plant hormones (including abscisic acid and methyl jasmonate), amino acids (including phenylalanine, tryptophan and glutamic acid), mineral elements (including boric acid and potassium dihydrogen phosphate), stress-resistant substances (such as salicylic acid) and natural plant extracts (such as seaweed extract, sugarcane extract and chitosan). According to actual application requirements, the composite agent can be flexibly compounded in the following ways (a, b, c):

[0011] a. It is composed of a combination of plant hormones, amino acids and mineral elements;

[0012] b. On the basis of plant hormones, amino acids and mineral elements, anti-stress substances (salicylic acid) are further added to enhance the stress resistance of the fruit;

[0013] c. On the basis of plant hormones, amino acids, mineral elements and stress-resistant substances, natural plant extracts (such as seaweed extract, sugarcane extract and chitosan) are further added to further enhance the color change effect and optimize the fruit quality.

[0014] In the above-mentioned composite agent, each component significantly improves the color change efficiency and coloring degree of grape fruit through synergistic effect, enhances blue-purple and red-purple tones, reduces yellow-green tones, and significantly increases the soluble solid content of the fruit. Each component cooperates with each other through different mechanisms of action, showing excellent synergistic effects: plant hormones (such as abscisic acid and methyl jasmonate) regulate the expression of color change-related genes and accelerate the synthesis of anthocyanins; amino acids (such as phenylalanine, tryptophan, and glutamic acid) provide precursors for anthocyanin synthesis, promote sugar accumulation and pigment synthesis; mineral elements (such as boric acid and potassium dihydrogen phosphate) enhance the metabolic activity and stress resistance of the fruit, providing good conditions for the color change process under high temperature stress. In addition, stress-resistant substances and natural plant extracts further enhance the effect of the agent through multi-pathway synergy, showing excellent comprehensive performance.

[0015] Among them, abscisic acid: an important plant hormone, can directly induce the expression of genes related to color change in grape fruits, significantly promote the biosynthesis of anthocyanins, and thus make the fruit color more vivid and uniform. Spraying at the early stage of grape color change can effectively increase the color change speed of the fruit, while enhancing the tolerance to high temperature stress; methyl jasmonate: can induce the expression of genes related to ripening and color change in grape fruits, promote physiological changes in the fruit ripening process, such as softening and sugar accumulation, and then indirectly affect the color change of the fruit, making the grape color change more uniform and rapid; salicylic acid: as an anti-stress substance, by regulating the physiological metabolic process of the plant, it enhances the stress resistance and high temperature environment adaptability of the grape, and provides a stable physiological environment for the good color change of the fruit. In addition, salicylic acid can also regulate the balance of hormones in the plant body, accelerate the activation of color change-related metabolic pathways, and further promote the color change effect.

[0016] Phenylalanine: It is one of the precursors for the synthesis of anthocyanins. By providing direct raw materials for the synthesis of anthocyanins, it significantly increases the accumulation of pigments in the fruit, thereby effectively promoting the color change of grapes; Tryptophan: As a precursor for the synthesis of the plant hormone indoleacetic acid, it has a certain regulatory effect on the growth and development of grapes and the ripening of fruits, thereby affecting the color change process of grapes; Glutamic acid: It participates in the nitrogen metabolism and energy metabolism in the plant body, provides necessary nutritional support for the growth and development of grape fruits, and contributes to the accumulation of sugar and color formation in the fruit.

[0017] Potassium dihydrogen phosphate: It provides phosphorus and potassium, which are essential for the growth and color change of grapes. Phosphorus is a component of many important compounds in plant cells, which can promote the accumulation and metabolism of sugar in grapes and accelerate the ripening and color change of fruits. Potassium improves the photosynthesis efficiency of grapes, enhances the transportation and distribution of photosynthetic products, promotes the transportation and accumulation of sugar to fruits, makes the color of fruits more intense, and improves the color change effect of grapes. Boric acid: It provides the boron required for the growth and development of grapes and plays an important role in the reproductive growth process of plants. During the color change period of grapes, supplementing an appropriate amount of boron will help the transportation and metabolism of sugar in the fruit, promote the color change of the fruit, and also enhance the hardness and quality of the fruit.

[0018] Seaweed extract: contains rich nutrients such as plant growth regulators, minerals, vitamins and amino acids, which can promote the growth and development of grapes, enhance the photosynthesis efficiency of plants, and increase the sugar content and color depth of fruits. In addition, seaweed extract can also enhance the stress resistance of grapes and reduce the adverse effects of environmental stress on fruit color change. Sugarcane extract: contains biologically active ingredients such as octacosanol, which has the functions of improving plant stress resistance, promoting growth and development, and improving quality. It may promote sugar accumulation and color change of fruits by regulating the physiological functions of grape plants. Chitosan: a natural biostimulant that can induce plants to produce systemic defense responses, enhance the ability of grapes to resist diseases and pests, and reduce the impact of diseases and pests on fruit growth and color change. In addition, chitosan can also regulate the hormone balance in plants and promote fruit ripening and color change.

[0019] In addition, each component in the composite agent prepared by the present invention can be decomposed in the natural environment after taking effect, will not remain for a long time, is safe for the ecological environment and human health, and is a green and environmentally friendly ingredient. When each component acts on the plant body, it will not have an adverse effect on the plant body, nor will it affect the edible safety of the fruit produced by the plant body.

[0020] Preferably, the composite pharmaceutical preparation further comprises one or more of a synergist, a dispersant, an emulsifier, a wetting agent, a thickener, a defoaming agent, an antifreeze agent, a disintegrant, a binder, a filler and a carrier.

[0021] Furthermore, the concentration of the synergist in the composite agent is 100-200 mg / L; the synergist is preferably mannitol; when mannitol is used as a synergist, it can cooperate with other substances to enhance their promoting effect on the color change of grapes. In addition, mannitol can also promote the expansion of fruit cells and the accumulation of sugar by regulating the osmotic pressure of plant cells, thereby improving the color change effect of grapes.

[0022] Preferably, the dosage form of the compound pharmaceutical agent includes aqueous solution, soluble liquid, water dispersible granule, wettable powder, dispersible oil suspension, suspension, microemulsion, granule or microcapsule.

[0023] The dosage form of the composite drug of the present invention includes but is not limited to aqueous solution, soluble liquid, water-dispersible granules, wettable powder, dispersible oil suspension, suspension, microemulsion, granules or microcapsules. In order to give full play to the efficacy of the composite drug, it can be prepared into a dosage form that is easy to apply according to the needs of use; based on the above, the types of auxiliary agents added include but are not limited to one or more of dispersants, emulsifiers, wetting agents, thickeners, defoamers, antifreeze agents, disintegrants, binders, fillers, and carriers. In order to meet the preparation of the above different dosage forms, suitable auxiliary agents can be selected according to needs.

[0024] The second technical solution of the present invention is to provide a method for preparing the composite medicament, comprising the following steps:

[0025] The raw materials are weighed in proportion and then evenly mixed to obtain the composite medicament.

[0026] The third technical solution of the present invention is to provide the composite agent as an agent for promoting the color change of grapes in hot areas in grape cultivation.

[0027] The fourth technical solution of the present invention is to provide a method for promoting the color change of grapes in hot zones, wherein the above-mentioned composite agent is applied on the surface of grape fruits.

[0028] The fifth technical solution of the present invention is to provide a method for applying a composite agent for promoting the color change of grapes in hot areas, comprising the following steps:

[0029] At the beginning of the grape color change period, the composite agent is sprayed on the surface of the grape fruit.

[0030] Preferably, the spraying is performed 1 to 2 times, and the time interval between each spraying is 7 to 10 days.

[0031] The present invention does not impose any special restrictions on the spraying amount of the composite agent, and it is only necessary to ensure that the composite agent can be evenly covered on the surface of the grape fruit to ensure that it exerts the best effect; in addition, the present invention provides a composite agent for promoting the color change of grapes in hot areas, which can significantly improve the color change efficiency, coloring degree and quality of grape fruits under high temperature stress. The experiment was carried out under high temperature stress conditions, aiming to highlight the significant application advantages of the present invention in high temperature environments in hot areas, which is in sharp contrast to the prior art, but at the same time, the composite agent of the present invention also shows excellent color change effects under conventional planting conditions, has a wide range of applications, and has good promotion value.

[0032] The present invention discloses the following technical effects:

[0033] The composite agent provided by the present invention shows significant technical advantages in promoting the color change of grape fruits through the synergistic effect of multiple components, especially in solving the problem of color change obstacles of grapes in high temperature environments in hot areas, and shows excellent improvement ability. Specifically, the composite agent of the present invention can significantly improve the color change efficiency and coloring degree of grape fruits, and improve the appearance and quality of fruits. Through the synergistic effect of multiple components, not only the blue-purple and red-purple tones of the fruits are significantly enhanced, but also the yellow-green tones are significantly reduced, and the depth and uniformity of coloring are greatly improved. In addition, the composite agent also significantly increases the soluble solids content of the fruit, thereby improving the intrinsic quality and commercial value of the fruit. This technical mechanism of multi-component synergistic enhancement not only effectively overcomes the adverse effects of high temperature stress in hot areas on the color change of grapes, but also has a wide range of adaptability, and can provide scientific and efficient solutions for other grape planting areas with color change obstacles, which fully reflects the innovation and practicality of the present invention in the field of grape cultivation. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0034] Figure 1 This is a graph showing the effect of the composite agent on the color change of the whole bunch of grapes under natural conditions and high temperature stress conditions in Example 1;

[0035] Figure 2 This is a comparison chart of the color change effect of the composite agent on grape fruit under natural conditions and high temperature stress conditions in Example 1;

[0036] Figure 3 This is a diagram showing the improvement of the field color change effect of the composite agent in Example 2 on different grape varieties;

[0037] Figure 4 This is a diagram showing the verification of the color change effects of different treatment formulas on whole bunches of grapes in Example 3. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0038] Various exemplary embodiments of the present invention will now be described in detail. This detailed description should not be considered as limiting the present invention, but should be understood as a more detailed description of certain aspects, features, and embodiments of the present invention.

[0039] It should be understood that the terms described in the present invention are only for describing a particular embodiment and are not intended to limit the present invention. In addition, for the numerical range in the present invention, it should be understood that each intermediate value between the upper and lower limits of the scope is also specifically disclosed. The intermediate value in any stated value or stated range, and each smaller range between any other stated value or intermediate value in the described range is also included in the present invention. The upper and lower limits of these smaller ranges can be independently included or excluded in the scope.

[0040] Unless otherwise indicated, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meanings as those generally understood by those skilled in the art. Although the present invention describes only preferred methods and materials, any methods and materials similar or equivalent to those described herein may also be used in the implementation or testing of the present invention. All documents mentioned in this specification are incorporated by reference to disclose and describe the methods and / or materials associated with the documents. In the event of a conflict with any incorporated document, the content of this specification shall prevail.

[0041] It will be apparent to those skilled in the art that various modifications and variations may be made to the specific embodiments of the present invention description without departing from the scope or spirit of the present invention. Other embodiments derived from the present invention description will be apparent to those skilled in the art. The present invention description and examples are exemplary only.

[0042] The words “include,” “including,” “have,” “contain,” etc. used in this document are open-ended terms, meaning including but not limited to.

[0043] The temperature of the natural conditions involved in the present invention is 25-38° C. during the day and 15-28° C. at night unless otherwise specified.

[0044] Unless otherwise specified, the raw materials used in the following examples are all commercially available products.

[0045] Example 1

[0046] Verify the color change effect of compound agents on grape berries under different temperature conditions (natural conditions or high temperature stress conditions):

[0047] The formula of the composite agent is: abscisic acid (ABA): 200 mg / L, methyl jasmonate (MeJA): 60 mg / L, salicylic acid (SA): 1 mg / L, phenylalanine (Phe): 50 mg / L, tryptophan (Trp): 50 mg / L, glutamic acid (Glu): 50 mg / L, potassium dihydrogen phosphate (KH2PO4): 1 g / L, boric acid (H3BO3): 1 g / L, seaweed extract: 1 g / L, sugarcane extract: 1 g / L, chitosan: 0.2 g / L and mannitol (Mannitol): 100 mg / L. The raw materials are uniformly mixed according to the above dosage to obtain the composite agent.

[0048] The first summer crop of Cabernet Sauvignon grapes with color change obstacles cultivated in the field under rain shelter in the hot zone were selected. At the early stage of color change, three treatment groups were set up, and each treatment group treated two Cabernet Sauvignon grapes; one of the Cabernet Sauvignon grapes in each group was sprayed with water, and the other was sprayed with a compound agent. All spraying was done once, and the spraying time was at the beginning of the color change period to ensure the consistency of treatment.

[0049] Treatment group settings:

[0050] Treatment group 1: natural field conditions, without heating, serving as the control group;

[0051] Treatment group 2: At the beginning of the color change period, the temperature in the greenhouse was heated to 40℃ from 10:00 to 14:00 every day, and the temperature stress treatment was carried out at 40℃;

[0052] Treatment group 3: At the beginning of the color change period, the temperature in the greenhouse was heated to 45°C from 10:00 to 14:00 every day, and the temperature was subjected to 45°C extreme high temperature stress treatment;

[0053] The experiment lasted until the Cabernet Sauvignon grapes turned color. The main purpose was to observe the coloring effect of the entire bunch of grapes in each group, remove the fruits for further observation, and record the color changes on the surface of the fruits. Figure 1 and Figure 2 The treatment effects were further analyzed by measuring the color difference values ​​(L, a, b) and soluble solids content of grapes in each treatment group. The results are shown in Table 1.

[0054] Determination methods of each indicator:

[0055] The color difference value was measured using a Konica Minolta colorimeter CR-10, and the soluble solid content was measured using an ATAGO sugar acidity meter PAL-BX / ACID.

[0056] Table 1 Effects of compound agents on coloration and soluble solids content of Cabernet Sauvignon grapes under different temperature conditions

[0057]

[0058] In the table: the same letters indicate no significant difference among the groups (P>0.05); different letters indicate significant difference among the groups (P<0.05).

[0059] Figure 1 This is a graph showing the effect of the composite agent on the color change of the whole bunch of grapes under natural conditions and high temperature stress conditions in Example 1. Figure 1 Show the differences in color change and color change depth of whole bunches of grapes in different treatment groups; Figure 2 This is a comparison chart of the color change effect of the composite agent on grape fruit under natural conditions and high temperature stress conditions in Example 1, Figure 2 The differences in fruit color distribution, color change uniformity and depth among different treatment groups were compared.

[0060] Depend on Figure 1 , Figure 2As shown in Table 1, high temperature stress significantly affects the coloring effect of grape fruit, causing the grape fruit to fade and show a distinct yellow-green hue (the color difference L and b values ​​are significantly increased). In contrast, the coloring effect of grape fruit treated with the composite agent of the present invention is significantly better than that of the control group treated with water. Specifically, whether under natural conditions in the field or under a high temperature environment of 40°C, the composite agent treatment significantly deepens the fruit color (the color difference L value is significantly reduced), significantly enhances the blue-purple hue of the fruit, and reduces the yellow-green hue (the color difference b value is significantly reduced); even under an extremely high temperature environment of 45°C, the fruit of the composite agent treatment group still maintains a darker red-purple hue (the color difference a value is significantly increased, and the color difference b value is significantly reduced), effectively overcoming the color change barrier of grapes under high temperature stress. In addition, the composite agent treatment also significantly increases the soluble solids content of the fruit (the increase is 11.21-19.08%), significantly improving the appearance and internal quality of the grapes. This indicates that the composite agent provided by the present invention can effectively promote the color change of grapes under high temperature stress conditions and significantly improve the quality of the fruit, which fully proves its important application value in grape cultivation in tropical areas.

[0061] Example 2

[0062] The effect of compound agents on the color change of grape berries under natural conditions:

[0063] The formula of the composite agent is: abscisic acid (ABA): 200 mg / L, methyl jasmonate (MeJA): 60 mg / L, salicylic acid (SA): 1 mg / L, phenylalanine (Phe): 50 mg / L, tryptophan (Trp): 50 mg / L, glutamic acid (Glu): 50 mg / L, potassium dihydrogen phosphate (KH2PO4): 1 g / L, boric acid (H3BO3): 1 g / L, seaweed extract: 1 g / L, sugarcane extract: 1 g / L, chitosan: 0.2 g / L and mannitol (Mannitol): 100 mg / L. The raw materials are uniformly mixed according to the above dosage to obtain the composite agent.

[0064] The first summer fruits of Guipu No. 9, Guipu No. 15, Cabernet Sauvignon, Kyoho and other grapes with color change problems that were cultivated in the fields in hot areas to avoid rain were selected. At the early stage of color change, a control group and a treatment group were set up. The control group was sprayed with clean water, and the treatment group was sprayed with compound pesticides. The spraying method was to evenly spray the fruit surface once at the beginning of the color change period to ensure uniform spray coverage.

[0065] On the 10th day after spraying, observe and record the coloring effect of the whole bunch of grapes in each group in the field. Figure 3 shown.

[0066] Figure 3 This is a diagram showing the improvement of the field color change effect of the composite agent on different grape varieties in Example 2. Figure 3The field application effect of the compound agent on grape varieties such as Guipu No. 9, Guipu No. 15, Kyoho and Cabernet Sauvignon is demonstrated, highlighting the uniformity of color change and the degree of coloring.

[0067] The results showed that the fruits in the Guipu No. 9 treatment group were uniformly colored as a whole, with a high proportion of red and purple, and the number of yellow-green fruits was significantly reduced, while the fruits in the control group were unevenly colored, with a large number of fruits still remaining green or light yellow, and the color change effect was poor; the surface color of the fruits in the Guipu No. 15 treatment group turned red evenly, showing a higher coloring quality, while most of the fruits in the control group remained yellow or light in color, with uneven color distribution, and significantly delayed color change; the blue-purple hue of the fruits in the Kyoho treatment group was significantly enhanced, with a high proportion of dark purple fruits, and the overall commercial appearance was good, while the fruits in the control group were lighter in color, some fruits were still green, the proportion of blue-purple fruits was low, and the color change depth was insufficient; the fruits in the Cabernet Sauvignon treatment group were uniformly dark purple as a whole, with rich coloring, while the fruits in the control group were light in color and unevenly distributed, with a large number of fruits still yellow-green, and the color change effect was obviously insufficient.

[0068] This example shows that the composite agent significantly accelerates the fruit color change process and improves the fruit coloring effect. Through the treatment of the composite agent, the fruit color of each grape variety under natural conditions in the hot zone is darker and more evenly colored, the red-purple and blue-purple tones are significantly enhanced, the proportion of yellow-green fruit is reduced, and the product appearance is significantly improved. This example further verifies the wide applicability and high efficiency of the composite agent in solving the problem of color change obstacles of grapes in hot zones, and provides technical support for the high temperature adaptability cultivation of different grape varieties.

[0069] Example 3

[0070] Verify the synergistic effect of each component of the compound agent in promoting the color change of grapes:

[0071] In the early stage of color change of the first batch of summer fruit of Kyoho grapes in the hot zone field, one control group and seven treatment groups were set up, and the surface of the grape fruit of each treatment group was sprayed with compound pesticides of different formulas, and each was sprayed once; the control group was not sprayed with compound pesticides; when the color change began, the temperature was heated to 40℃ from 10:00 to 14:00 every day for high temperature stress treatment;

[0072] Processing group settings:

[0073] Control: spraying with clean water without using compound pesticide;

[0074] Treatment 1: Plant hormone alone: ​​abscisic acid (ABA): 200 mg / L;

[0075] Treatment 2: The formula of the composite agent (plant hormone + amino acid) is: abscisic acid (ABA): 200 mg / L and phenylalanine (Phe): 50 mg / L; the raw materials are mixed according to the above dosage to obtain a composite agent;

[0076] Treatment 3: The formula of the composite agent (plant hormone + mineral elements) is: abscisic acid (ABA): 200 mg / L and boric acid (H3BO3): 1 g / L; the raw materials are mixed according to the above amounts to obtain a composite agent;

[0077] Treatment 4: The formula of the composite agent (plant hormone + amino acid + mineral element) is: abscisic acid (ABA): 200 mg / L, phenylalanine (Phe): 50 mg / L and boric acid (H3BO3): 1 g / L; the raw materials are mixed according to the above amounts to obtain a composite agent;

[0078] Treatment 5: The formula of the composite agent (multiple plant hormones + amino acids + multiple mineral elements) is: abscisic acid (ABA): 200 mg / L, salicylic acid (SA): 1 mg / L, phenylalanine (Phe): 50 mg / L, boric acid (H3BO3): 1 g / L and potassium dihydrogen phosphate (KH2PO4): 1 g / L; the raw materials are mixed according to the above amounts to obtain a composite agent;

[0079] Treatment 6: The formula of the composite agent (multiple plant hormones + amino acids + multiple mineral elements + natural plant extracts) is: abscisic acid (ABA): 200 mg / L, salicylic acid (SA): 1 mg / L, phenylalanine (Phe): 50 mg / L, boric acid (H3BO3): 1 g / L, potassium dihydrogen phosphate (KH2PO4): 1 g / L and chitosan: 0.2 g / L; the raw materials are mixed according to the above amounts to obtain a composite agent;

[0080] Treatment 7: The formula of the composite agent (multiple plant hormones + amino acids + multiple mineral elements + natural plant extracts + plant hormone inhibitors) is: abscisic acid (ABA): 200 mg / L, salicylic acid (SA): 1 mg / L, phenylalanine (Phe): 50 mg / L, boric acid (H3BO3): 1 g / L, potassium dihydrogen phosphate (KH2PO4): 1 g / L, chitosan: 0.2 g / L and sodium tungstate (ABA inhibitor) 20 mmol / L; the raw materials are mixed according to the above amounts to obtain a composite agent;

[0081] The experiment lasted until the Kyoho grapes had completed their color change. The main purpose was to observe and record the coloring effect of the entire bunch of Kyoho grapes in each group. The results are as follows: Figure 4 The treatment effects were further analyzed by measuring the color difference values ​​(L, a, b) and soluble solids content of grapes in each treatment group. The results are shown in Table 2.

[0082] Determination methods of each indicator:

[0083] The color difference value was measured using a Konica Minolta colorimeter CR-10, and the soluble solid content was measured using an ATAGO sugar acidity meter PAL-BX / ACID.

[0084] Table 2 Effects of different formulations on coloration and soluble solids content of the first batch of Kyoho grape summer fruit under high temperature conditions

[0085]

[0086] In the table: the same letters indicate no significant difference among the groups (P>0.05); different letters indicate significant difference among the groups (P<0.05).

[0087] Figure 4 This is a diagram showing the verification of the color change effect of different treatment formulas on whole bunches of grapes in Example 3. Figure 4 The effects of different formulations on the color change of whole bunches of grapes under high temperature stress are demonstrated, highlighting the significant synergistic effect of multiple components.

[0088] Depend on Figure 4 From the data analysis of Table 2, it can be seen that the color of the fruits in the control group was lighter, showing an uneven yellow-green hue (the color difference values ​​L and b were the highest), and the soluble solids content was the lowest (14.67%), indicating that high temperature significantly inhibited the color change and sugar accumulation of the fruits.

[0089] Treatment 1 (abscisic acid alone) slightly reduced the L and b values ​​and improved the fruit color, but the effect was limited, and the soluble solids content decreased instead of increased, indicating that the use of abscisic acid alone cannot comprehensively improve the fruit quality.

[0090] Compared with treatment 1, treatment 2 (abscisic acid + phenylalanine) further reduced the yellow-green hue and enhanced the blue-purple hue (b value dropped to 2.79), but the accumulation of blue-purple pigment still needed to be strengthened, and the fruit quality was slightly improved, indicating that phenylalanine had a certain synergistic effect on the color-promoting effect of abscisic acid.

[0091] Treatment 3 (abscisic acid + boric acid) had similar effects to treatment 2, but the quality improvement was slightly better, indicating that boric acid had an auxiliary effect on the color-changing effect of abscisic acid.

[0092] Treatment 4 (abscisic acid + phenylalanine + boric acid) significantly reduced the L value, deepened the fruit color, significantly enhanced the blue-purple hue (the b value was significantly reduced), and significantly increased the soluble solids content to 15.72%, indicating that the combination of plant hormones, amino acids and mineral elements can significantly improve the color change effect and improve the fruit quality, and the combination has a good synergistic effect.

[0093] Treatment 5 (multiple plant hormones + amino acids + mineral elements) further optimized the fruit color change effect (b value dropped to 2.67), and the fruit soluble solids content reached 15.73%, indicating that the addition of salicylic acid and potassium dihydrogen phosphate enhanced the color change efficiency and fruit quality.

[0094] Treatment 6 (treatment 5 + natural plant extract) further optimized the uniformity and depth of fruit coloring. The fruit showed a dark purple hue and had the best color change effect (the lowest b value was 2.66). The soluble solids content of the fruit reached a maximum of 15.78%, indicating that natural plant extracts such as chitosan have a significant synergistic effect on promoting sugar accumulation and pigment deposition.

[0095] After the ABA inhibitor sodium tungstate was added to treatment 7, the effect of the composite agent was significantly weakened (L value increased to 32.78, b value increased to 4.59), and there was no significant difference with the control group, indicating that the activity of ABA was inhibited and the synergistic effect of the composite agent was significantly weakened, further verifying the key role of the synergistic effects of the components of the composite agent on fruit color change under high temperature stress.

[0096] The results of this embodiment show that the composite agent achieves significant improvement in the color change efficiency and quality of fruits under high temperature stress through the synergistic effect of plant hormones, amino acids, mineral elements and natural plant extracts. The effect of a single component is limited, and the multi-component synergy maximizes the color change effect and fruit quality improvement through the coupling effect of different physiological metabolic pathways, which not only optimizes the appearance of the fruit (significantly enhances the blue-purple tone and reduces the yellow-green tone), but also significantly improves the intrinsic quality (increases the soluble solids content), and enhances resistance to high temperature stress. This embodiment fully verifies the synergistic effect and technical innovation of the composite agent, and provides a theoretical and application basis for efficient color change of grapes.

[0097] In summary, the composite agent of the present invention significantly improves the coloring effect of grape fruit under high temperature stress through the synergistic effect of multiple components, enhances the blue-purple tone, reduces the yellow-green tone, and significantly increases the soluble solid content. The reasonable ratio and synergistic effect of each component are the key to achieving efficient color change of the fruit, which verifies the wide application value of the composite agent in tropical grape cultivation.

[0098] The various embodiments in this specification are described in a progressive manner, and each embodiment focuses on the differences from other embodiments. The same or similar parts between the various embodiments can be referenced to each other.

[0099] The above description of the disclosed embodiments enables one skilled in the art to implement or use the present invention. Various modifications to these embodiments will be apparent to one skilled in the art, and the general principles defined herein may be implemented in other embodiments without departing from the spirit or scope of the present invention. Therefore, the present invention will not be limited to the embodiments shown herein, but rather to the widest scope consistent with the principles and novel features disclosed herein.

Claims

1. A composite agent for promoting the color change of grapes in hot areas, characterized in that: The components include: Plant hormones 30-260mg / L, amino acids 30-150mg / L and mineral elements 0.5-1g / L; The plant hormones include abscisic acid and / or methyl jasmonate; the amino acids include one or more of phenylalanine, tryptophan and glutamic acid; and the mineral elements include boric acid and / or potassium dihydrogen phosphate.

2. The composite pharmaceutical composition according to claim 1, characterized in that: The composite agent also includes stress-resistant substances and / or natural plant extracts. The stress-resistant substances include salicylic acid. The concentration of stress-resistant substances in the composite agent is 0.5 to 1 mg / L. The natural plant extracts include one or more of seaweed extracts, sugarcane extracts and chitosan. The concentration of natural plant extracts in the composite agent is 0.1 to 2.7 g / L.

3. The composite pharmaceutical composition according to claim 1, characterized in that: The composite pharmaceutical preparation further comprises one or more of a synergist, a dispersant, an emulsifier, a wetting agent, a thickener, a defoaming agent, an antifreeze agent, a disintegrant, a binder, a filler and a carrier.

4. The composite pharmaceutical composition according to claim 1, characterized in that: The dosage form of the compound medicine includes water, soluble liquid, water dispersible granule, wettable powder, dispersible oil suspension, suspension, microemulsion, granule or microcapsule.

5. The method for preparing the composite pharmaceutical according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that: The steps include: The raw materials are weighed in proportion and then evenly mixed to obtain the composite medicament.

6. Use of the composite agent according to any one of claims 1 to 4 as an agent for promoting color change of grapes in hot zones in grape cultivation.

7. A method for promoting color change of grapes in hot areas, characterized in that: Apply the composite agent according to any one of claims 1 to 4 on the surface of grape fruits.

8. A method for applying a composite agent for promoting color change of grapes in hot areas, characterized in that: The steps include: At the beginning of the grape color change period, the composite agent is sprayed on the surface of the grape fruit.

9. The application method according to claim 8, characterized in that The spraying is performed 1 to 2 times, and the time interval between each spraying is 7 to 10 days.

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