A sensor arrangement optimization method and system for water conservancy pipeline discharge

Abstract

The present invention relates to the field of sensor layout optimization technology, specifically to a sensor layout optimization method and system for water conservancy pipeline discharge. First, the three-dimensional point cloud data of the terrain of the area where the sensor is to be arranged is obtained, and the three-dimensional point cloud data at different positions of the area where the sensor is to be arranged are clustered to obtain N sub-areas to be arranged; secondly, multiple points to be arranged are selected in each of the sub-areas to be arranged, and the soil corrosion impact value of each point to be arranged is calculated; then, according to the soil corrosion impact value and position of each point to be arranged, the points to be arranged are screened to obtain a sensor optimization position set; finally, the vegetation feature data corresponding to each point to be arranged in the sensor optimization position set is obtained, and the insertion depth of the soil moisture sensor on the point to be arranged is calculated. The present invention can accurately optimize the layout of soil moisture sensors through this method, thereby improving the efficiency of irrigation project construction.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of sensor layout optimization, and in particular to a sensor layout optimization method and system for water conservancy pipeline discharge. Background Art

[0002] As a key component of modern water conservancy projects, water conservancy pipelines undertake the core functions of conveying, distributing and discharging water, and are one of the basic infrastructures to ensure the normal operation of agricultural, industrial and urban water supply systems. In the construction of irrigation projects, the design and management of water conservancy pipelines not only affect the irrigation efficiency, but are also directly related to the conservation and rational use of water resources. Therefore, with the advancement of science and technology, combining intelligent technology to improve the management accuracy of water conservancy pipelines, especially in terms of emission control, has become an important development trend of modern irrigation projects.

[0003] The construction process of irrigation projects includes not only the layout of water conservancy pipelines but also the layout of soil moisture sensors. Soil moisture sensors can sense soil moisture and then control the discharge of water conservancy pipelines. Due to the distribution characteristics of "scattered points, long lines, and wide areas", irrigation project construction often exists in mountainous areas or places with incomplete infrastructure construction. For such complex terrain areas, the layout optimization of soil moisture sensors is particularly important. Improper sensor layout optimization will not only affect the accuracy of water shortage detection in the irrigated area, but may also generate too many redundant sensors, reducing the construction rate of irrigation projects.

[0004] At present, the sensor layout method in irrigation project construction is mostly static or simple preset layout. This layout method lacks flexibility and cannot optimize the layout of sensors according to the terrain conditions and vegetation types of the area where the sensors are to be deployed, which will affect the efficiency of irrigation project construction and water conservancy pipeline discharge.

[0005] To this end, a sensor arrangement optimization method and system for water conservancy pipeline discharge are proposed. Summary of the invention

[0006] The object of the present invention is to provide a sensor layout optimization method and system for water conservancy pipeline discharge. First, three-dimensional point cloud data of the terrain of the sensor to be arranged area is obtained, and the three-dimensional point cloud data at different positions of the sensor to be arranged area are clustered to obtain N sub-areas to be arranged; secondly, multiple points to be arranged are selected in each of the sub-areas to be arranged, and the soil corrosion impact value of each point to be arranged is calculated; then, according to the soil corrosion impact value and position of each point to be arranged, the points to be arranged are screened to obtain a sensor optimized position set; finally, vegetation feature data corresponding to each point to be arranged in the sensor optimized position set is obtained, and the insertion depth of the soil moisture sensor on the point to be arranged is calculated.

[0007] To achieve the above object, the present invention provides the following technical solutions:

[0008] A sensor arrangement optimization method for water conservancy pipeline discharge includes:

[0009] Acquire three-dimensional point cloud data of the terrain of the area where sensors are to be deployed; cluster the three-dimensional point cloud data at different positions of the area where sensors are to be deployed to acquire N sub-areas to be deployed;

[0010] In each of the sub-areas to be arranged, multiple points to be arranged are selected, and the soil corrosion impact value of each of the points to be arranged is calculated; according to the soil corrosion impact value and the position of each of the points to be arranged, the points to be arranged are screened to obtain a sensor optimization position set, and the specific steps include:

[0011] Acquire the minimum number of sensors corresponding to the sub-area to be arranged according to the area of ​​the sub-area to be arranged;

[0012] According to the minimum number of sensors corresponding to the sub-areas to be arranged and the positions of the points to be arranged, a plurality of sensor arrangement schemes corresponding to each of the sub-areas to be arranged are obtained; each of the sensor arrangement schemes includes at least K points to be arranged, where K is the minimum number of sensors corresponding to the sub-areas to be arranged; an arrangement comprehensive value corresponding to each of the sensor arrangement schemes is obtained, and an optimal sensor arrangement scheme corresponding to the sub-areas to be arranged is obtained according to the arrangement comprehensive value; the sensor optimization position set includes the optimal sensor arrangement scheme corresponding to each of the sub-areas to be arranged;

[0013] The vegetation feature data corresponding to each of the points to be arranged in the sensor optimization position set is obtained, and the insertion depth of the soil moisture sensor at the point to be arranged is calculated.

[0014] Furthermore, clustering the three-dimensional point cloud data at different positions of the sensor area to be deployed to obtain N sub-areas to be deployed includes: obtaining three-dimensional coordinates of different positions of the sensor area to be deployed based on the three-dimensional point cloud data of the area to be deployed; and clustering the sensor area to be deployed based on the three-dimensional coordinates to obtain N sub-areas to be deployed.

[0015] Furthermore, the process of obtaining the soil corrosion impact value includes: obtaining soil data of each of the points to be arranged; obtaining the soil corrosion impact value of each of the points to be arranged based on the soil data; the soil data includes soil pH value, oxygen content and conductivity of the points to be arranged obtained within T cycles.

[0016] Furthermore, the calculation formula of the soil corrosion impact value of each of the points to be arranged is:

[0017] ;

[0018] in, It is expressed as the soil corrosion impact value of the jth point to be arranged in the i-th sub-area to be arranged; i ranges from 1 to N; j ranges from 1 to ; It is represented as the number of points to be arranged in the i-th sub-area to be arranged; It is expressed as the soil pH value of the jth point to be arranged in the i-th sub-area to be arranged in the t-th period; the value of t ranges from 1 to T; Expressed as set standard pH value; It is expressed as the oxygen content of the jth point to be arranged in the i-th sub-area to be arranged in the t-th cycle; It is expressed as the conductivity of the jth point to be arranged in the i-th sub-area to be arranged in the t-th period; , and They are respectively expressed as acid-base influence coefficient, oxygen content influence coefficient and conductivity influence coefficient; Expressed as an exponential function with a natural constant as base.

[0019] Furthermore, the process of obtaining the layout comprehensive value corresponding to each of the sensor layout schemes includes:

[0020] The lateral monitoring range of the soil moisture sensor is obtained; based on the lateral monitoring range, the lateral monitoring range union of the points to be arranged in each sensor arrangement scheme is obtained; the intersection area of ​​the lateral monitoring range union and the sub-area to be arranged corresponding to the sensor arrangement scheme is obtained, and recorded as the monitoring area area; based on the sub-area area to be arranged corresponding to the sensor arrangement scheme, the monitoring area area, the number of points to be arranged and the soil corrosion impact value of each point to be arranged, the arrangement comprehensive value corresponding to each sensor arrangement scheme is obtained, and the calculation formula is:

[0021] ;

[0022] in, It is represented as the layout comprehensive value of the b-th sensor layout scheme corresponding to the i-th sub-area to be arranged; It is represented as the monitoring area of ​​the bth sensor layout scheme corresponding to the i-th sub-area to be arranged; It is represented as the area of ​​the sub-region to be arranged corresponding to the i-th sub-region to be arranged; It is represented as the number of points to be arranged in the b-th sensor arrangement scheme corresponding to the i-th sub-area to be arranged; It is represented as the soil corrosion impact value of the dth point to be arranged in the bth sensor arrangement scheme corresponding to the i-th sub-area to be arranged; , and They are respectively expressed as the monitoring area coefficient, the number of points to be arranged coefficient and the soil corrosion coefficient.

[0023] Furthermore, the vegetation characteristic data corresponding to each of the points to be arranged includes: obtaining a lateral monitoring range of the soil moisture sensor corresponding to the point to be arranged; the vegetation characteristic data includes the vegetation type within the lateral monitoring range, the coverage area and growth status corresponding to each vegetation.

[0024] Furthermore, the process of obtaining the insertion depth of the soil moisture sensor at the point to be deployed includes:

[0025] Vegetation with a coverage area greater than a set threshold is screened out as vegetation to be detected; the current root depth of each vegetation to be detected is obtained according to the growth state corresponding to each vegetation to be detected; and the insertion depth of the soil moisture sensor at the point to be arranged is obtained according to the current root depth.

[0026] A sensor arrangement optimization system for water conservancy pipeline discharge, comprising:

[0027] 3D point cloud data acquisition unit: used to acquire 3D point cloud data of the terrain of the area where the sensor is to be deployed;

[0028] A sub-area acquisition unit to be arranged is used to cluster the three-dimensional point cloud data at different positions of the sensor area to be arranged to obtain N sub-areas to be arranged;

[0029] A soil corrosion impact value acquisition unit is used to select a plurality of points to be arranged in each of the sub-areas to be arranged, and calculate the soil corrosion impact value of each of the points to be arranged;

[0030] A sensor optimal position set acquisition unit is used to screen the points to be arranged according to the soil suitability and position of each point to be arranged, and acquire a sensor optimal position set;

[0031] The sensor insertion depth acquisition unit is used to acquire the vegetation feature data corresponding to each of the points to be arranged in the sensor optimization position set, and calculate the insertion depth of the soil moisture sensor at the point to be arranged.

[0032] Furthermore, the soil corrosion impact value acquisition unit includes: acquiring soil data of each of the points to be arranged; acquiring the soil corrosion impact value of each of the points to be arranged according to the soil data; the soil data includes soil pH value, oxygen content and conductivity of the points to be arranged acquired within T cycles;

[0033] The calculation formula of the soil corrosion impact value of each of the points to be arranged is:

[0034] ;

[0035] in, It is expressed as the soil corrosion impact value of the jth point to be arranged in the i-th sub-area to be arranged; i ranges from 1 to N; j ranges from 1 to ; It is represented as the number of points to be arranged in the i-th sub-area to be arranged; It is expressed as the soil pH value of the jth point to be arranged in the i-th sub-area to be arranged in the t-th period; the value of t ranges from 1 to T; Expressed as set standard pH value; It is expressed as the oxygen content of the jth point to be arranged in the i-th sub-area to be arranged in the t-th cycle; It is expressed as the conductivity of the jth point to be arranged in the i-th sub-area to be arranged in the t-th period; , and They are respectively expressed as acid-base influence coefficient, oxygen content influence coefficient and conductivity influence coefficient; Expressed as an exponential function with a natural constant as base.

[0036] Further, the sensor optimal position set acquisition unit includes: acquiring the minimum number of sensors corresponding to the sub-area to be arranged according to the area of ​​the sub-area to be arranged; acquiring multiple sensor arrangement schemes corresponding to each of the sub-areas to be arranged according to the minimum number of sensors corresponding to the sub-area to be arranged and the positions of the points to be arranged; each of the sensor arrangement schemes includes at least K points to be arranged, K being the minimum number of sensors corresponding to the sub-area to be arranged; acquiring an arrangement comprehensive value corresponding to each of the sensor arrangement schemes, and acquiring the optimal sensor arrangement scheme corresponding to the sub-area to be arranged according to the arrangement comprehensive value; the sensor optimal position set includes the optimal sensor arrangement scheme corresponding to each of the sub-areas to be arranged.

[0037] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0038] 1. The present invention obtains the soil pH value, oxygen content and conductivity of the point to be deployed, and obtains the soil corrosion impact value of the point to be deployed based on the soil. This method can integrate various data in the soil, accurately obtain the degree of soil corrosion of each point to be deployed for the sensor, provide a data basis for the subsequent sensor layout optimization, and thus improve the construction speed of the irrigation project.

[0039] 2. The present invention obtains multiple sensor layout schemes corresponding to each sub-area to be arranged based on the distance between the points to be arranged and the area of ​​each sub-area to be arranged; and obtains the layout comprehensive value based on the area of ​​the sub-area to be arranged, the area of ​​the monitoring area, the number of points to be arranged and the soil corrosion impact value of each point to be arranged corresponding to the sensor layout scheme. This method can combine the various features corresponding to the sensor layout scheme to obtain the layout comprehensive value, and then accurately optimize the sensor layout and improve the construction speed of the irrigation project.

[0040] 3. The present invention obtains multiple sensor layout schemes for each sub-area to be arranged based on the area of ​​the sub-area to be arranged and the characteristics of the sensors, and obtains the optimal sensor layout scheme for each sub-area to be arranged in combination with the layout comprehensive value, thereby optimizing the layout of soil moisture sensors. This method can ensure that the soil moisture sensor in each sub-area to be arranged has a wide coverage range, while avoiding redundant layout, thereby improving the construction speed of irrigation projects. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0041] Figure 1 A flow chart of a sensor arrangement optimization method for water conservancy pipeline discharge according to the present invention;

[0042] Figure 2 A structural diagram of a sensor arrangement optimization system for water conservancy pipeline discharge according to the present invention;

[0043] Figure 3 A flow chart is obtained for the optimal sensor arrangement scheme of the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0044] The following will be combined with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention to clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0045] The present invention provides a sensor arrangement optimization method for water conservancy pipeline discharge. The method is applied to a sensor arrangement optimization system for water conservancy pipeline discharge. The specific method flow chart and system structure diagram refer to Figure 1 and Figure 2 , the technical solution is as follows:

[0046] S10, obtaining three-dimensional point cloud data of the terrain of the area where the sensor is to be deployed;

[0047] S20, clustering the three-dimensional point cloud data at different positions of the sensor to be deployed area to obtain N sub-areas to be deployed;

[0048] S30, selecting a plurality of points to be arranged in each of the sub-areas to be arranged, and calculating the soil corrosion impact value of each of the points to be arranged;

[0049] S40, screening the points to be deployed according to the soil corrosion impact value and position of each point to be deployed, and obtaining a sensor optimization position set, the specific steps include:

[0050] Acquire the minimum number of sensors corresponding to the sub-area to be arranged according to the area of ​​the sub-area to be arranged;

[0051] According to the minimum number of sensors corresponding to the sub-areas to be arranged and the positions of the points to be arranged, a plurality of sensor arrangement schemes corresponding to each of the sub-areas to be arranged are obtained; each of the sensor arrangement schemes includes at least K points to be arranged, where K is the minimum number of sensors corresponding to the sub-areas to be arranged; an arrangement comprehensive value corresponding to each of the sensor arrangement schemes is obtained, and an optimal sensor arrangement scheme corresponding to the sub-areas to be arranged is obtained according to the arrangement comprehensive value; the sensor optimization position set includes the optimal sensor arrangement scheme corresponding to each of the sub-areas to be arranged;

[0052] S50, obtaining vegetation feature data corresponding to each of the points to be arranged in the sensor optimization position set, and calculating the insertion depth of the soil moisture sensor at the point to be arranged.

[0053] This application obtains multiple sensor layout schemes for each sub-area to be arranged based on the area of ​​the sub-area to be arranged and the various characteristics of the sensors, and obtains the optimal sensor layout scheme for each sub-area to be arranged in combination with the layout comprehensive value, thereby optimizing the layout of soil moisture sensors. This method can ensure that the soil moisture sensor coverage in each sub-area to be arranged is wide, while avoiding redundant layout, saving resources and costs.

[0054] Embodiment 1

[0055] Reference Figure 1 S10 in the figure is applied to a three-dimensional point cloud data acquisition unit of a sensor arrangement optimization system for water conservancy pipeline discharge.

[0056] Furthermore, this embodiment obtains three-dimensional point cloud data of the terrain of the sensor deployment area A which needs to be irrigated through water conservancy pipes; the area of ​​the sensor deployment area A is 1768 mu.

[0057] Reference Figure 1 S20 in the figure is applied to a sub-area acquisition unit to be arranged in a sensor arrangement optimization system for water conservancy pipeline discharge.

[0058] Furthermore, clustering is performed according to the three-dimensional point cloud data at different positions of the sensor to be deployed area to obtain N sub-areas to be deployed. The specific process includes:

[0059] According to the three-dimensional point cloud data of the area to be deployed, the three-dimensional coordinates of different positions of the area to be deployed of the sensor are obtained; one point in the area to be deployed is selected as a first elevation detection point; the height difference between the adjacent points of the first elevation detection point and the first elevation detection point is detected; the adjacent points and the first elevation detection point whose height difference is less than a set threshold are divided into a first sub-area; the threshold is obtained based on experience;

[0060] The adjacent points whose height difference is less than the set threshold are used as new first elevation detection points, and the height difference between the adjacent points of the new first elevation detection point and the lowest point in the first sub-area is detected; the adjacent points whose height difference is less than the set threshold are divided into the first sub-area; the above steps are repeated until no new points can be divided into the first sub-area; one point in the area to be arranged except the first sub-area is randomly selected as the second elevation detection point, and the second sub-area is obtained by referring to the division step of the first sub-area; and so on, until all points in the area to be arranged are divided, and M different sub-areas are obtained; when there is a sub-area with an area less than the set area threshold among the M different sub-areas, the M different sub-areas are secondary clustered, and the specific process includes:

[0061] Get the sub-region whose area is smaller than the set threshold value and record it as the sub-region to be clustered; get the average height of the sub-region to be clustered; get the height difference vector between the sub-region to be clustered and the adjacent sub-region ;in, It is expressed as the height difference between the rth sub-region to be clustered and the corresponding Rth adjacent sub-region; ;in, It is expressed as the average height of the rth sub-region to be clustered; It is expressed as the average height of the rth sub-region to be clustered and the corresponding Rth adjacent sub-region; the adjacent sub-region with the smallest height difference with the sub-region to be clustered is used as the target sub-region; the sub-region to be clustered and the corresponding target sub-region are clustered to generate a new sub-region;

[0062] The sub-regions after the secondary clustering are detected again. When there are sub-regions whose areas are smaller than the set area threshold among the sub-regions after the secondary clustering, the sub-regions are clustered again according to the steps of the secondary clustering until the areas of all sub-regions are not smaller than the set area threshold. When the areas of all sub-regions are not smaller than the set area threshold, the number N of sub-regions is recorded, and the sub-regions are recorded as sub-regions to be arranged, and N sub-regions to be arranged are obtained.

[0063] In this embodiment, according to the above steps, the sensor deployment area A is divided into 15 sub-areas to be deployed. The area of ​​each sub-area to be deployed is shown in Table 1.

[0064] Table 1 Information table of sub-areas to be deployed in area A where sensors are to be deployed

[0065]

[0066] In this step of the present embodiment, the area to be deployed of the sensors is divided according to the heights of different positions in the area to be deployed of the sensors, and the divided sub-areas are clustered again to obtain N sub-areas to be deployed. This method can make the sensor deployment and data collection of each sub-area easier to manage and monitor by dividing the area to be deployed. For large monitoring areas, the use of sub-area division can effectively reduce management complexity and improve system stability.

[0067] Reference Figure 1 S30 in the embodiment is applied to a soil corrosion impact value acquisition unit of a sensor arrangement optimization system for water conservancy pipeline discharge.

[0068] Furthermore, the process of obtaining the soil corrosion impact value includes: obtaining soil data of each of the points to be arranged; obtaining the soil corrosion impact value of each of the points to be arranged based on the soil data; the soil data includes soil pH value, oxygen content and conductivity of the points to be arranged obtained within T cycles.

[0069] In this embodiment, the step obtains the soil pH value, oxygen content and conductivity of the points to be deployed in different cycles, and calculates the soil corrosion impact values ​​of different points to be deployed. By collecting data of multiple cycles, the accidental error caused by single cycle data can be avoided, and the degree of soil corrosion of the sensor at the points to be deployed can be accurately obtained.

[0070] Furthermore, the calculation formula of the soil corrosion impact value of each of the points to be arranged is:

[0071] ;

[0072] in, It is expressed as the soil corrosion impact value of the jth point to be arranged in the i-th sub-area to be arranged; i ranges from 1 to N; j ranges from 1 to ; It is represented as the number of points to be arranged in the i-th sub-area to be arranged; It is expressed as the soil pH value of the jth point to be arranged in the i-th sub-area to be arranged in the t-th period; the value of t ranges from 1 to T; Expressed as set standard pH value; It is expressed as the oxygen content of the jth point to be arranged in the i-th sub-area to be arranged in the t-th cycle; It is expressed as the conductivity of the jth point to be arranged in the i-th sub-area to be arranged in the t-th period; , and They are respectively expressed as acid-base influence coefficient, oxygen content influence coefficient and conductivity influence coefficient; , and The default is , and can be changed according to actual conditions; Expressed as an exponential function with a natural constant as base.

[0073] In this step of the present embodiment, the pH value, oxygen content and conductivity of the soil at the point to be deployed are obtained, and the soil corrosion impact value of the point to be deployed is obtained based on the soil. This method can comprehensively obtain various data in the soil, accurately obtain the soil corrosion impact value of each point to be deployed, and then obtain the influence of the soil at different points to be deployed on the life of the sensor, providing a data basis for the subsequent optimization of sensor deployment.

[0074] Reference Figure 1 S40 in the embodiment is applied to a sensor optimization position set acquisition unit of a sensor arrangement optimization system for water conservancy pipeline discharge.

[0075] Furthermore, the sensor optimization position set includes the optimal sensor arrangement scheme corresponding to each of the sub-areas to be arranged; Figure 3 The step of obtaining the optimal sensor arrangement scheme corresponding to each of the sub-areas to be arranged includes:

[0076] Acquire the minimum number of sensors corresponding to the sub-area to be arranged according to the area of ​​the sub-area to be arranged;

[0077] According to the minimum number of sensors corresponding to the sub-areas to be arranged and the positions of the points to be arranged, a plurality of sensor arrangement schemes corresponding to each of the sub-areas to be arranged are obtained; each of the sensor arrangement schemes includes at least K points to be arranged, K being the minimum number of sensors corresponding to the sub-areas to be arranged; an arrangement comprehensive value corresponding to each of the sensor arrangement schemes is obtained, and the sensor arrangement scheme having the largest arrangement comprehensive value corresponding to the sub-area to be arranged is taken as the optimal sensor arrangement scheme corresponding to the sub-area to be arranged.

[0078] Furthermore, the calculation formula for the minimum number of sensors is:

[0079] ;

[0080] in, It is represented as the minimum number of sensors corresponding to the i-th sub-area to be arranged; It is represented as the area of ​​the i-th sub-area to be arranged; Represents the set range threshold; Represents a ceiling function.

[0081] Furthermore, the process of obtaining the layout comprehensive value corresponding to each of the sensor layout schemes includes:

[0082] Obtain the lateral monitoring range of the soil moisture sensor; the lateral monitoring range of the soil moisture sensor is the monitoring range of the soil moisture sensor in the horizontal direction; the size of the monitoring range is preset; obtain the lateral monitoring range union of the points to be arranged by the soil moisture sensor in each sensor arrangement scheme according to the lateral monitoring range; obtain the intersection area of ​​the lateral monitoring range union and the sub-area to be arranged corresponding to the sensor arrangement scheme, recorded as the monitoring area area; obtain the arrangement comprehensive value corresponding to each sensor arrangement scheme according to the area of ​​the sub-area to be arranged corresponding to the sensor arrangement scheme, the area of ​​the monitoring area, the number of points to be arranged and the soil corrosion impact value of each point to be arranged, and the calculation formula is:

[0083] ;

[0084] in, It is represented as the layout comprehensive value of the b-th sensor layout scheme corresponding to the i-th sub-area to be arranged; It is represented as the monitoring area of ​​the bth sensor layout scheme corresponding to the i-th sub-area to be arranged; It is represented as the area of ​​the sub-region to be arranged corresponding to the i-th sub-region to be arranged; It is represented as the number of points to be arranged in the b-th sensor arrangement scheme corresponding to the i-th sub-area to be arranged; It is represented as the soil corrosion impact value of the dth point to be arranged in the bth sensor arrangement scheme corresponding to the i-th sub-area to be arranged; , and They are respectively expressed as the monitoring area coefficient, the number of points to be arranged coefficient and the soil corrosion coefficient; , and The default is , and can be changed according to actual conditions.

[0085] In this step of the present embodiment, multiple sensor layout schemes corresponding to each sub-area to be arranged are obtained based on the distance between the points to be arranged and the area of ​​each sub-area to be arranged; and the layout comprehensive value is obtained based on the area of ​​the sub-area to be arranged, the area of ​​the monitoring area, the number of points to be arranged and the soil corrosion impact value of each point to be arranged corresponding to the sensor layout scheme. This method can combine the various features corresponding to the sensor layout scheme to obtain the layout comprehensive value, and then accurately optimize the sensor layout.

[0086] Reference Figure 1 S50 in the embodiment is applied to a sensor insertion depth acquisition unit of a sensor arrangement optimization system for water conservancy pipeline discharge.

[0087] Furthermore, the vegetation characteristic data corresponding to each of the points to be arranged includes: obtaining a lateral monitoring range of the soil moisture sensor corresponding to the point to be arranged; the vegetation characteristic data includes the vegetation type within the lateral monitoring range, the coverage area and growth status corresponding to each vegetation.

[0088] In this step of the present embodiment, vegetation feature data within the lateral monitoring range of the soil moisture sensor corresponding to the point to be deployed is acquired, providing a data basis for the subsequent acquisition of the insertion depth of the soil moisture sensor.

[0089] Furthermore, the process of obtaining the insertion depth of the soil moisture sensor at the point to be deployed includes:

[0090] Vegetation with a coverage area greater than a set threshold is screened out as vegetation to be detected; the current root depth of each vegetation to be detected is obtained according to the corresponding growth state of each vegetation to be detected; the maximum value of the current root depth of each vegetation to be detected is obtained; the maximum value is multiplied by the root influence coefficient to obtain the insertion depth of the soil moisture sensor at the point to be arranged; the root influence coefficient is obtained based on experience.

[0091] This step of the present embodiment can obtain the root depth of different vegetation based on the vegetation characteristic data within the horizontal monitoring range corresponding to the soil moisture sensor, and set the insertion depth of the soil moisture sensor based on the root depth. This method can ensure that the sensor collects the corresponding soil moisture content in the vegetation root activity area, and can provide effective information that truly reflects the crop water demand.

[0092] In order to verify the effectiveness of the sensor layout optimization method for water conservancy pipeline discharge provided in this embodiment, this embodiment also selects four sensor deployment areas and uses the optimization method provided in this embodiment to optimize the layout position and number of soil moisture sensors. After the soil moisture sensor is deployed, it is determined whether water needs to be discharged through a water conservancy pipeline within the lateral monitoring range corresponding to the soil sensor based on the soil moisture content collected by the soil moisture sensor. This embodiment obtains the accuracy of judging the need to discharge water through a water conservancy pipeline based on soil sensors in the four sensor deployment areas in different periods, and also obtains the change in the number of sensors before and after optimization, with specific reference to Table 2.

[0093] Table 2 Comparison table of sensor layout optimization in Example 1

[0094]

[0095] It can be seen from Table 2 that the sensor arrangement optimization method for water conservancy pipeline discharge provided in this embodiment can reduce the number of sensors while ensuring the accuracy of water shortage monitoring in the area where the sensors are to be arranged.

[0096] Embodiment 2

[0097] In the first embodiment, the method of the present invention is combined with the system to achieve the optimization of the sensor arrangement; in the second embodiment of the present application, the method of the present invention will be described again.

[0098] S10. Acquire three-dimensional point cloud data of the terrain in the area where the sensors are to be deployed.

[0099] Furthermore, this embodiment obtains three-dimensional point cloud data of the terrain of the sensor deployment area B that needs to be irrigated through water conservancy pipes; the area of ​​the sensor deployment area B is 1424 acres.

[0100] S20, clustering the three-dimensional point cloud data at different positions of the sensor to be deployed area to obtain N sub-areas to be deployed.

[0101] Further, according to the three-dimensional point cloud data of the area to be deployed, the three-dimensional coordinates of different positions of the area to be deployed of the sensor are obtained; one point in the area to be deployed is selected as a first elevation detection point; and the height difference between the adjacent points of the first elevation detection point and the first elevation detection point is detected;

[0102] Demarcate the adjacent points whose height difference is less than a set threshold and the first elevation detection point as a first sub-area;

[0103] The adjacent points whose height difference is less than the set threshold are used as new first elevation detection points, and the height difference between the adjacent points of the new first elevation detection point and the lowest point in the first sub-region is detected; the adjacent points whose height difference is less than the set threshold are classified as the first sub-region; the above steps are repeated until there are no new points that can be classified as the first sub-region;

[0104] Randomly select one point in the area to be arranged except the first sub-area as the second elevation detection point, and refer to the division step of the first sub-area to obtain the second sub-area; and so on, until all points in the area to be arranged are divided, and M different sub-areas are obtained; when there is a sub-area whose area is smaller than the set area threshold among the M different sub-areas, perform secondary clustering on the M different sub-areas, and the specific process includes:

[0105] Get the sub-region whose area is smaller than the set threshold value and record it as the sub-region to be clustered; get the average height of the sub-region to be clustered; get the height difference vector between the sub-region to be clustered and the adjacent sub-region ;in, It is expressed as the height difference between the rth sub-region to be clustered and the corresponding Rth adjacent sub-region; ;in, It is expressed as the average height of the rth sub-region to be clustered; It is expressed as the average height of the rth sub-region to be clustered and the corresponding Rth adjacent sub-region; the adjacent sub-region with the smallest height difference with the sub-region to be clustered is used as the target sub-region; the sub-region to be clustered and the corresponding target sub-region are clustered to generate a new sub-region;

[0106] The sub-regions after the secondary clustering are detected again. When there are sub-regions whose areas are smaller than the set area threshold among the sub-regions after the secondary clustering, the sub-regions are clustered again according to the steps of the secondary clustering until the areas of all sub-regions are not smaller than the set area threshold. When the areas of all sub-regions are not smaller than the set area threshold, the number N of sub-regions is recorded, and the sub-regions are recorded as sub-regions to be arranged, and N sub-regions to be arranged are obtained.

[0107] In this embodiment, according to the above steps, the sensor deployment area B is divided into 14 sub-areas to be deployed. The area of ​​each sub-area to be deployed is shown in Table 3.

[0108] Table 3 Information table of sub-areas to be deployed in area B where sensors are to be deployed

[0109]

[0110] S30, selecting a plurality of points to be arranged in each of the sub-areas to be arranged, and calculating the soil corrosion impact value of each of the points to be arranged.

[0111] Furthermore, the process of obtaining the soil corrosion impact value includes: obtaining soil data of each of the points to be arranged; obtaining the soil corrosion impact value of each of the points to be arranged based on the soil data; the soil data includes soil pH value, oxygen content and conductivity of the points to be arranged obtained within T cycles.

[0112] Furthermore, the calculation formula of the soil corrosion impact value of each of the points to be arranged is:

[0113] ;

[0114] in, It is expressed as the soil corrosion impact value of the jth point to be arranged in the i-th sub-area to be arranged; i ranges from 1 to N; j ranges from 1 to ; It is represented as the number of points to be arranged in the i-th sub-area to be arranged; It is expressed as the soil pH value of the jth point to be arranged in the i-th sub-area to be arranged in the t-th period; the value of t ranges from 1 to T; Expressed as set standard pH value; It is expressed as the oxygen content of the jth point to be arranged in the i-th sub-area to be arranged in the t-th cycle; It is expressed as the conductivity of the jth point to be arranged in the i-th sub-area to be arranged in the t-th period; , and They are respectively expressed as acid-base influence coefficient, oxygen content influence coefficient and conductivity influence coefficient; Expressed as an exponential function with a natural constant as base.

[0115] S40: Screening the points to be deployed according to the soil corrosion impact value and position of each point to be deployed, and obtaining a sensor optimization position set.

[0116] Further, obtaining the minimum number of sensors corresponding to the sub-area to be arranged according to the area of ​​the sub-area to be arranged;

[0117] According to the minimum number of sensors corresponding to the sub-areas to be arranged and the positions of the points to be arranged, a plurality of sensor arrangement schemes corresponding to each of the sub-areas to be arranged are obtained; each of the sensor arrangement schemes includes at least K points to be arranged, where K is the minimum number of sensors corresponding to the sub-areas to be arranged;

[0118] The arrangement comprehensive value corresponding to each of the sensor arrangement schemes is obtained, and the sensor arrangement scheme corresponding to the sub-area to be arranged with the largest arrangement comprehensive value is taken as the optimal sensor arrangement scheme corresponding to the sub-area to be arranged; the sensor optimization position set includes the optimal sensor arrangement scheme corresponding to each of the sub-areas to be arranged.

[0119] Furthermore, the calculation formula for the minimum number of sensors is:

[0120] ;

[0121] in, It is represented as the minimum number of sensors corresponding to the i-th sub-area to be arranged; It is represented as the area of ​​the i-th sub-area to be arranged; Represents the set range threshold; Represents a ceiling function.

[0122] Furthermore, the process of obtaining the layout comprehensive value corresponding to each of the sensor layout schemes includes:

[0123] Obtain the lateral monitoring range of the soil moisture sensor; the lateral monitoring range of the soil moisture sensor is the monitoring range of the soil moisture sensor in the horizontal direction; the size of the monitoring range is preset; obtain the lateral monitoring range union of the points to be arranged by the soil moisture sensor in each sensor arrangement scheme according to the lateral monitoring range; obtain the intersection area of ​​the lateral monitoring range union and the sub-area to be arranged corresponding to the sensor arrangement scheme, recorded as the monitoring area area; obtain the arrangement comprehensive value corresponding to each sensor arrangement scheme according to the area of ​​the sub-area to be arranged corresponding to the sensor arrangement scheme, the area of ​​the monitoring area, the number of points to be arranged and the soil corrosion impact value of each point to be arranged, and the calculation formula is:

[0124] ;

[0125] in, It is represented as the layout comprehensive value of the b-th sensor layout scheme corresponding to the i-th sub-area to be arranged; It is represented as the monitoring area of ​​the bth sensor layout scheme corresponding to the i-th sub-area to be arranged; It is represented as the area of ​​the sub-region to be arranged corresponding to the i-th sub-region to be arranged; It is represented as the number of points to be arranged in the b-th sensor arrangement scheme corresponding to the i-th sub-area to be arranged; It is represented as the soil corrosion impact value of the dth point to be arranged in the bth sensor arrangement scheme corresponding to the i-th sub-area to be arranged; , and They are respectively expressed as the monitoring area coefficient, the number of points to be arranged coefficient and the soil corrosion coefficient.

[0126] S50, obtaining vegetation feature data corresponding to each of the points to be deployed in the sensor optimization position set, and calculating the insertion depth of the soil moisture sensor at the point to be deployed.

[0127] Furthermore, the vegetation characteristic data corresponding to each of the points to be arranged include: obtaining the lateral monitoring range of the soil moisture sensor at the point to be arranged; the vegetation characteristic data include the vegetation type within the lateral monitoring range, the coverage area and growth status corresponding to each vegetation; the process of obtaining the insertion depth of the soil moisture sensor at the point to be arranged includes: screening out vegetation with a coverage area greater than a set threshold as vegetation to be detected; obtaining the current root depth of each vegetation to be detected based on the growth status corresponding to each vegetation to be detected; and obtaining the insertion depth of the soil moisture sensor at the point to be arranged based on the current root depth.

[0128] In order to verify the effectiveness of the sensor layout optimization method for water conservancy pipeline discharge provided in this embodiment, this embodiment selects the layout positions and numbers of soil moisture sensors in the sub-areas to be arranged, numbered 1 to 5, before and after optimization in the sensor arrangement area B. After the soil moisture sensors are arranged, it is determined whether water needs to be discharged through water conservancy pipelines in the lateral monitoring range corresponding to the soil sensor based on the soil moisture content collected by the soil moisture sensor. This embodiment obtains the accuracy of judging the need to discharge water through water conservancy pipelines based on soil sensors in the five sub-areas to be arranged in different periods, and also obtains the change in the number of sensors before and after optimization, for details, see Table 4.

[0129] Table 4 Comparison table of sensor layout optimization in Example 2

[0130]

[0131] It can be seen from Table 4 that the sensor arrangement optimization method for water conservancy pipeline discharge provided in this embodiment can reduce the number of sensors while ensuring the accuracy of water shortage monitoring in the sub-area to be arranged.

[0132] Although embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described, it will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that various changes, modifications, substitutions and variations may be made to the embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the present invention, and that the scope of the present invention is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A sensor layout optimization method for water conservancy pipeline discharge, characterized in that: include: Obtain three-dimensional point cloud data of the terrain in the area where the sensor is to be deployed; Clustering the three-dimensional point cloud data at different positions of the sensor to be deployed area to obtain N sub-areas to be deployed; Selecting a plurality of points to be arranged in each of the sub-areas to be arranged, and calculating the soil corrosion impact value of each of the points to be arranged; According to the soil corrosion impact value and position of each of the points to be deployed, the points to be deployed are screened to obtain a sensor optimization position set, and the specific steps include: Acquire the minimum number of sensors corresponding to the sub-area to be arranged according to the area of ​​the sub-area to be arranged; According to the minimum number of sensors corresponding to the sub-areas to be arranged and the positions of the points to be arranged, a plurality of sensor arrangement schemes corresponding to each of the sub-areas to be arranged are obtained; each of the sensor arrangement schemes includes at least K points to be arranged, where K is the minimum number of sensors corresponding to the sub-areas to be arranged; an arrangement comprehensive value corresponding to each of the sensor arrangement schemes is obtained, and an optimal sensor arrangement scheme corresponding to the sub-areas to be arranged is obtained according to the arrangement comprehensive value; the sensor optimization position set includes the optimal sensor arrangement scheme corresponding to each of the sub-areas to be arranged; the soil corrosion impact value of each of the points to be arranged is calculated as follows: ； in, It is expressed as the soil corrosion impact value of the jth point to be arranged in the i-th sub-area to be arranged; i ranges from 1 to N; j ranges from 1 to ; It is represented as the number of points to be arranged in the i-th sub-area to be arranged; It is expressed as the soil pH value of the jth point to be arranged in the i-th sub-area to be arranged in the t-th period; the value of t ranges from 1 to T; Expressed as set standard pH value; It is expressed as the oxygen content of the jth point to be arranged in the i-th sub-area to be arranged in the t-th cycle; It is expressed as the conductivity of the jth point to be arranged in the i-th sub-area to be arranged in the t-th period; , and They are respectively expressed as acid-base influence coefficient, oxygen content influence coefficient and conductivity influence coefficient; It is expressed as an exponential function with a natural constant as base; The process of obtaining the layout comprehensive value corresponding to each of the sensor layout schemes includes: The lateral monitoring range of the soil moisture sensor is obtained; based on the lateral monitoring range, the lateral monitoring range union of the points to be arranged in each sensor arrangement scheme is obtained; the intersection area of ​​the lateral monitoring range union and the sub-area to be arranged corresponding to the sensor arrangement scheme is obtained, and recorded as the monitoring area area; based on the sub-area area to be arranged corresponding to the sensor arrangement scheme, the monitoring area area, the number of points to be arranged and the soil corrosion impact value of each point to be arranged, the arrangement comprehensive value corresponding to each sensor arrangement scheme is obtained, and the calculation formula is: ； in, It is represented as the layout comprehensive value of the b-th sensor layout scheme corresponding to the i-th sub-area to be arranged; It is represented as the monitoring area of ​​the bth sensor layout scheme corresponding to the i-th sub-area to be arranged; It is represented as the area of ​​the sub-region to be arranged corresponding to the i-th sub-region to be arranged; It is represented as the number of points to be arranged in the b-th sensor arrangement scheme corresponding to the i-th sub-area to be arranged; It is represented as the soil corrosion impact value of the dth point to be arranged in the bth sensor arrangement scheme corresponding to the i-th sub-area to be arranged; , and They are respectively expressed as the monitoring area coefficient, the number of points to be arranged coefficient and the soil corrosion coefficient; The vegetation feature data corresponding to each of the points to be arranged in the sensor optimization position set is obtained, and the insertion depth of the soil moisture sensor at the point to be arranged is calculated.

2. A sensor arrangement optimization method for water conservancy pipeline discharge according to claim 1, characterized in that: Clustering the three-dimensional point cloud data at different positions of the sensor area to be deployed to obtain N sub-areas to be deployed includes: obtaining three-dimensional coordinates of different positions of the sensor area to be deployed based on the three-dimensional point cloud data of the area to be deployed; clustering the sensor area to be deployed based on the three-dimensional coordinates to obtain N sub-areas to be deployed.

3. A sensor arrangement optimization method for water conservancy pipeline discharge according to claim 1, characterized in that: The process of obtaining the soil corrosion impact value includes: obtaining soil data of each of the points to be arranged; obtaining the soil corrosion impact value of each of the points to be arranged based on the soil data; the soil data includes the soil pH value, oxygen content and conductivity of the points to be arranged obtained within T cycles.

4. A sensor arrangement optimization method for water conservancy pipeline discharge according to claim 1, characterized in that: The vegetation characteristic data corresponding to each of the points to be arranged include: obtaining the lateral monitoring range of the soil moisture sensor corresponding to the point to be arranged; the vegetation characteristic data include the vegetation type within the lateral monitoring range, the coverage area and growth status corresponding to each vegetation.

5. A sensor arrangement optimization method for water conservancy pipeline discharge according to claim 4, characterized in that: The process of obtaining the insertion depth of the soil moisture sensor at the point to be arranged includes: Vegetation with a coverage area greater than a set threshold is screened out as vegetation to be detected; the current root depth of each vegetation to be detected is obtained according to the growth state corresponding to each vegetation to be detected; and the insertion depth of the soil moisture sensor at the point to be arranged is obtained according to the current root depth.

6. A sensor layout optimization system for water conservancy pipeline discharge, characterized in that: include: 3D point cloud data acquisition unit: used to acquire 3D point cloud data of the terrain of the area where the sensor is to be deployed; A sub-area acquisition unit to be arranged is used to cluster the three-dimensional point cloud data at different positions of the sensor area to be arranged to obtain N sub-areas to be arranged; A soil corrosion impact value acquisition unit is used to select a plurality of points to be arranged in each of the sub-areas to be arranged, and calculate the soil corrosion impact value of each of the points to be arranged; A sensor optimal position set acquisition unit is used to screen the points to be arranged according to the soil corrosion impact value and the position of each point to be arranged, and acquire a sensor optimal position set; The sensor optimal position set acquisition unit comprises: acquiring the minimum number of sensors corresponding to the sub-area to be arranged according to the area of ​​the sub-area to be arranged; acquiring multiple sensor arrangement schemes corresponding to each sub-area to be arranged according to the minimum number of sensors corresponding to the sub-area to be arranged and the positions of the points to be arranged; each of the sensor arrangement schemes includes at least K points to be arranged, K being the minimum number of sensors corresponding to the sub-area to be arranged; acquiring the arrangement comprehensive value corresponding to each of the sensor arrangement schemes, and acquiring the optimal sensor arrangement scheme corresponding to the sub-area to be arranged according to the arrangement comprehensive value; the sensor optimal position set includes the optimal sensor arrangement scheme corresponding to each sub-area to be arranged; the calculation formula of the soil corrosion impact value of each point to be arranged is: ； in, It is expressed as the soil corrosion impact value of the jth point to be arranged in the i-th sub-area to be arranged; i ranges from 1 to N; j ranges from 1 to ; It is represented as the number of points to be arranged in the i-th sub-area to be arranged; It is expressed as the soil pH value of the jth point to be arranged in the i-th sub-area to be arranged in the t-th period; the value of t ranges from 1 to T; Expressed as set standard pH value; It is expressed as the oxygen content of the jth point to be arranged in the i-th sub-area to be arranged in the t-th cycle; It is expressed as the conductivity of the jth point to be arranged in the i-th sub-area to be arranged in the t-th period; , and They are respectively expressed as acid-base influence coefficient, oxygen content influence coefficient and conductivity influence coefficient; It is expressed as an exponential function with a natural constant as base; The process of obtaining the layout comprehensive value corresponding to each of the sensor layout schemes includes: The lateral monitoring range of the soil moisture sensor is obtained; based on the lateral monitoring range, the lateral monitoring range union of the points to be arranged in each sensor arrangement scheme is obtained; the intersection area of ​​the lateral monitoring range union and the sub-area to be arranged corresponding to the sensor arrangement scheme is obtained, and recorded as the monitoring area area; based on the sub-area area to be arranged corresponding to the sensor arrangement scheme, the monitoring area area, the number of points to be arranged and the soil corrosion impact value of each point to be arranged, the arrangement comprehensive value corresponding to each sensor arrangement scheme is obtained, and the calculation formula is: ； in, It is represented as the layout comprehensive value of the b-th sensor layout scheme corresponding to the i-th sub-area to be arranged; It is represented as the monitoring area of ​​the bth sensor layout scheme corresponding to the i-th sub-area to be arranged; It is represented as the area of ​​the sub-region to be arranged corresponding to the i-th sub-region to be arranged; It is represented as the number of points to be arranged in the b-th sensor arrangement scheme corresponding to the i-th sub-area to be arranged; It is represented as the soil corrosion impact value of the dth point to be arranged in the bth sensor arrangement scheme corresponding to the i-th sub-area to be arranged; , and They are respectively expressed as the monitoring area coefficient, the number of points to be arranged coefficient and the soil corrosion coefficient; The sensor insertion depth acquisition unit is used to acquire the vegetation feature data corresponding to each of the points to be arranged in the sensor optimization position set, and calculate the insertion depth of the soil moisture sensor at the point to be arranged.

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