Olfaction-hippocampus bionic modeling method based on neural group theory and anatomical structure

Abstract

The invention discloses an olfaction-hippocampus bionic modeling method based on a neural group theory and an anatomical structure, which comprises the following steps: on the premise of the neural group theory and the anatomical structure, firstly, improving on the basis of the existing neurophysiology research results from olfaction with relatively clear structure and function to construct an olfaction-endometrial cortex bionic model; the method comprises the following steps of: firstly, firstly, gradually extending into a more complicated hippocampus structure, constructing an endophytic cortex-hippocampus bionic model, and finally, fusing the two constructed bionic models, communicating olfaction, the endophytic cortex and the hippocampus by taking the endophytic cortex as a core, and constructing an olfaction-hippocampus neural network model which is as real as possible. And an effective research object is provided for the research of the nervous system in the brain.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of neural network bionic models, and in particular to an olfactory-hippocampal bionic modeling method based on neural group theory and anatomical structure. Background Art

[0002] The research on the olfactory nervous system is mainly divided into three aspects: macroscopic, microscopic and functional. The macroscopic level mainly focuses on the research of the olfactory nervous system model, the microscopic level mainly focuses on the research of related mechanisms, and the functional level focuses on the relationship between the odor information processed by the sense of smell and higher-level neural activities. The hippocampus is the brain area directly connected to the sense of smell, and its relative position is clear. In the research related to brain functions such as learning and memory, the hippocampus has always been a hot spot in brain research. Therefore, studying the bionic model of the olfactory-hippocampal neural network will help the research on the neural networks of other sensory nervous systems and further explore their working mechanisms.

[0003] However, the research on olfaction and hippocampus faces the following difficulties: (1) In neuroscience experiments, the experimental conditions are demanding, the experimental costs are high, and the operation is difficult, which makes it difficult to promote neurophysiological experiments on a large scale; (2) The research from sensory signals such as olfaction to specific brain regions involves higher-level brain functions, with many influencing factors and complex experimental designs, and there are few studies available for reference. Summary of the invention

[0004] In order to solve the above technical problems, the present invention provides an olfactory-hippocampal bionic modeling method based on neural cluster theory and anatomical structure, which makes full use of the K series model and the hippocampal structure and function, and constructs a bionic model of the olfactory-hippocampal neural network based on the neural cluster theory and anatomical structure.

[0005] In order to solve the above technical problems, the present invention provides a technical solution: an olfactory-hippocampal bionic modeling method based on the theory of neural clusters and anatomical structure, characterized in that:

[0006] Step 1: Obtain the KIII model. According to the neural cluster theory, simplify the structure of the piriform cortex layer in the KIII model and model the entorhinal cortex layer. Based on the anatomical structure of the olfactory-entorhinal cortex, establish the connection between the KIII model and the neurons in the entorhinal cortex layer to complete the bionic modeling of the olfactory-entorhinal cortex.

[0007] Step 2: Obtain the KI model and the KII model. According to the neural cluster theory, the dentate gyrus layer, CA3 layer, CA1 layer, subiculum layer and entorhinal cortex layer are hierarchically modeled through the KI model and the KII model. Based on the anatomical structure of the entorhinal cortex-hippocampus, the connection between neurons in each layer is established to complete the entorhinal cortex-hippocampus bionic modeling.

[0008] Step 3: Based on the constructed olfactory-entorhinal cortex bionic model and the entorhinal cortex-hippocampus bionic model, and in accordance with the bionic principle, the connection between the olfactory-entorhinal cortex bionic model and the entorhinal cortex-hippocampus bionic model is established through projection to complete the construction of the olfactory-hippocampus bionic model.

[0009] Furthermore, in the step 1, the process of simplifying the piriform cortex layer structure in the KIII model and modeling the entorhinal cortex layer is as follows: the piriform cortex layer is represented by a single KII model, the entorhinal cortex layer is represented by a single KII model, and the neurons in the KII model are defined.

[0010] Furthermore, in the step 1, the connection between the KIII model and the neurons in the entorhinal cortex is as follows: the olfactory receptors are projected directly or through the periocular layer to the olfactory bulb layer, the anterior olfactory nucleus layer and the piriform cortex layer receive projections from the olfactory bulb layer, and the entorhinal cortex layer receives projections from the piriform cortex layer; the anterior olfactory nucleus layer provides feedback to the olfactory bulb layer, the piriform cortex layer provides feedback to the olfactory bulb layer, the entorhinal cortex layer provides delayed feedback to the piriform cortex layer, and the piriform cortex layer provides delayed feedback to the anterior olfactory nucleus layer.

[0011] Furthermore, the piriform cortex and the entorhinal cortex are connected in a one-to-one manner.

[0012] Furthermore, in the step 2, the hierarchical modeling process is as follows: the dentate gyrus layer is represented by a single KI model, the CA3 layer is represented by a single KII model, the CA1 layer is represented by a single KII model, the subiculum layer is represented by a single KII model, and the entorhinal cortex layer is represented by a single KII model, and the neurons in the KI model and the KII model are defined.

[0013] Furthermore, the KI model is composed of two excited K0 models interconnected.

[0014] Furthermore, in step 2, the connections between neurons in each layer are as follows: the entorhinal cortex directly projects to the dentate gyrus layer and the CA1 layer, the CA1 layer and the subiculum layer receive projections from the dentate gyrus layer, and the entorhinal cortex layer receives projections from the CA1 layer and the subiculum layer; the CA1 layer performs delayed feedback to the CA3 layer, and the subiculum layer performs delayed feedback to the CA3 layer and the CA1 layer.

[0015] Furthermore, the dentate gyrus layer, CA3 layer, CA1 layer and subiculum layer are connected in a one-to-one manner.

[0016] Furthermore, in step three, the connection between the olfactory-entorhinal cortex bionic model and the entorhinal cortex-hippocampal bionic model is as follows: the olfactory bulb layer and the piriform cortex layer in the olfactory model are projected to the entorhinal cortex layer through a one-to-one connection, the entorhinal cortex layer is projected to the dentate gyrus layer and CA1 layer in the hippocampal model through a one-to-one connection, and the CA1 and the subiculum are projected to the entorhinal cortex layer through a one-to-one connection.

[0017] The beneficial effects of the present invention are:

[0018] 1. Based on the theory of neural clusters and anatomical structure, this application starts with the sense of smell, which has relatively clear structure and function, and makes improvements based on the existing neurophysiological research results to construct an olfactory-entorhinal cortex bionic model. Then, it gradually goes deeper into the more complex hippocampal structure to construct an entorhinal cortex-hippocampus bionic model. Finally, by fusing the two constructed bionic models, with the entorhinal cortex as the core, the sense of smell, the entorhinal cortex and the hippocampus are connected to construct an olfactory-hippocampus neural network model that is as realistic as possible, providing an effective research object for the study of the nervous system in the brain.

[0019] 2. In order to better realize the connection between the olfactory and entorhinal cortices, the PC structure in the existing KIII model is simplified and improved to make it more consistent with the biological characteristics of the olfactory nervous system. Finally, according to the anatomical structure of the olfactory and entorhinal cortices, the connection is established with the entorhinal cortex to complete the construction of the olfactory-entorhinal cortex bionic model.

[0020] In order to make the above and other purposes, features and advantages of the present invention more obvious and easy to understand, preferred embodiments are given below and described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0021] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the present invention or the prior art, the drawings required for use in the description of the embodiments will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only eight of the drawings of the present invention. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative work.

[0022] Figure 1 It is a structural schematic diagram of the present invention;

[0023] Figure 2 This is the anatomical structure diagram of the olfactory-entorhinal cortex;

[0024] Figure 3 A model of the olfactory-entorhinal cortex;

[0025] Figure 4 This is the anatomical structure diagram of the entorhinal cortex-hippocampus;

[0026] Figure 5 It is a model of the entorhinal cortex-hippocampus;

[0027] Figure 6 For the olfactory-hippocampal model;

[0028] Figure 7 The corresponding diagrams are for different neuronal outputs in the olfactory-hippocampal bionic model when there is no input stimulation;

[0029] Figure 8 This is the corresponding diagram of different neuronal outputs in the olfactory-hippocampal bionic model when there is input stimulation. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0030] Embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Although certain embodiments of the present invention are shown in the accompanying drawings, it should be understood that the present invention can be implemented in various forms and should not be construed as being limited to the embodiments described herein, which are instead provided for a more thorough and complete understanding of the present invention. It should be understood that the drawings and embodiments of the present invention are only for exemplary purposes and are not intended to limit the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0031] This application is based on the K0, KI, KII, and KIII models constructed by Professor Freeman based on the olfactory nervous system of mammals and on the basis of a large number of neurophysiological experiments. Based on the bionic principles and the theory of neural clusters, the olfactory-entorhinal cortex structure is biomimetic modeled. The theory of neural clusters refers to cell clusters composed of similar neurons that have similar functions and consistent characteristics and can serve as component modules of the entire nervous system.

[0032] Example

[0033] like Figure 1 As shown, a method for olfactory-hippocampal bionic modeling based on neural cluster theory and anatomical structure is provided, characterized in that:

[0034] Step S1, obtaining a KIII model, simplifying the structure of the piriform cortex layer in the KIII model and modeling the entorhinal cortex layer according to the neural cluster theory, and establishing connections between the KIII model and neurons in the entorhinal cortex layer based on the anatomical structure of the olfactory-entorhinal cortex to complete the bionic modeling of the olfactory-entorhinal cortex;

[0035] Step S2, obtaining the KI model and the KII model, and according to the neural cluster theory, performing hierarchical modeling on the dentate gyrus layer, CA3 layer, CA1 layer, subiculum layer and entorhinal cortex layer through the KI model and the KII model, and establishing connections between neurons in each layer based on the anatomical structure of the entorhinal cortex-hippocampus, to complete the entorhinal cortex-hippocampus bionic modeling;

[0036] Step S3: Based on the constructed olfactory-entorhinal cortex bionic model and the entorhinal cortex-hippocampus bionic model, and in accordance with the bionic principle, a connection is established between the olfactory-entorhinal cortex bionic model and the entorhinal cortex-hippocampus bionic model by projection, thereby completing the construction of the olfactory-hippocampus bionic model.

[0037] In step S1, Figure 2 and Figure 3 As shown in the figure, the KIII model is a five-layer olfactory neural network model formed by coupling multiple K0, KI and KII models through feedforward and delayed feedback, which is used to simulate the entire olfactory nervous system. The five layers are the periocular layer (PG layer), olfactory bulb layer (OB layer), anterior olfactory nucleus layer (AON layer), piriform cortex layer (PC layer) and external capsule layer (EC layer). However, in the olfactory nervous system simulated by the KIII model, the anterior olfactory nucleus is simulated by a KII model, and the piriform cortex is simulated by a KII model and a KI model.

[0038] In order to better realize the connection between the olfactory and entorhinal cortices, the PC structure in the existing KIII model is simplified and improved. The specific improvement process is as follows: the piriform cortex layer (PC layer) is represented by a single KII model.

[0039] The process of modeling the entorhinal cortex according to the neural cluster theory is as follows: the entorhinal cortex is represented by a single KII model.

[0040] The neurons in the KIII model and KII model are defined as follows: the R unit is the olfactory receptor that transmits odor information, the P unit is the periglomerular cell that preprocesses odor information, M and G correspond to mitral cells and granule cells, respectively, which together complete the spatial transformation of odor information, and E and I correspond to the excitatory neurons and inhibitory neurons in the anterior olfactory nucleus, respectively.

[0041] The stellate cells in the entorhinal cortex receive sensory information input from the PC layer. The stellate cells interact with some interneurons to form local oscillatory circuits. The S in the model corresponds to the stellate cells and the I corresponds to the interneurons.

[0042] The olfactory-entorhinal cortex bionic model follows the physiological structure of the olfactory nervous system and the entorhinal cortex, including the main neurons of the nervous system and the connection feedback between neurons. Among them, the connection between the KIII model and the neurons in the entorhinal cortex layer is as follows: the R unit represents an olfactory receptor, which projects to an olfactory glomerulus, and can be directly projected or projected to the OB layer through P cells. The AON layer and the PC layer receive projections from the OB layer, and the M1 cells project to the E1 cells and A1 cells respectively. The EC layer receives projections from the PC layer, and the B1 cells project to the S1 cells; the AON layer gives feedback to the OB layer, and the E1 cells project to the M1 nerve cells and G1 cells respectively. The PC layer gives feedback to the OB layer and the AON layer, and the B1 cells project to the G1 cells and the A1 cells project to the I1 cells. The feedback from the PC layer to the AON layer is delayed feedback, and the EC layer gives delayed feedback to the PC layer, and the S1 cells project to the B1 cells.

[0043] Specifically, E1 cells feed back to G1 cells through D1, E1 cells feed back to M1 cells through D2, A1 cells feed back to I1 cells through D3, B1 cells feed back to G1 cells through D4, and S1 cells feed back to B1 cells through D5.

[0044] Among them, the piriform cortex and the entorhinal cortex are connected in a one-to-one manner.

[0045] In step S2, Figure 4 and Figure 5 As shown in the figure, the internal structure of the entorhinal cortex-hippocampus shows that the entorhinal cortex is mainly composed of EC2, EC3 and EC deep. The hippocampus is mainly composed of DG (dentate gyrus), CA3, CA1 and Sub (subiculum). The circuits between them are as follows: DG receives projections from EC2; CA3 receives projections from DG and EC2; CA1 receives projections from EC3 and CA3; Sub receives projections from CA1; EC deep receives projections from Sub and CA1.

[0046] The dentate gyrus layer, CA3 layer, CA1 layer and subiculum layer were constructed according to the neural cluster theory; to simplify the connection of the model, the connection between the layers was connected in a one-to-one manner.

[0047] The process of hierarchical modeling is as follows: the dentate gyrus layer is represented by a single KI model, which is composed of two excited K0 models interconnected, the CA3 layer is represented by a single KII model, the CA1 layer is represented by a single KII model, the subiculum layer is represented by a single KII model, and the entorhinal cortex layer is represented by a single KII model.

[0048] The neurons in the KI model and the KII model are defined as follows: In the model, S1 cells, S2 cells, CA3_E1 cells, CA3_E2 cells, CA1_E1 cells, CA1_E2 cells, Sub_E1 cells, and Sub_E2 cells represent excitatory neurons. I1 cells, I2 cells, CA3_I1 cells, CA3_I2 cells, CA1_I1 cells, CA3_I2 cells, Sub_I1 cells, and Sub_I2 cells represent inhibitory neurons.

[0049] The modeling of the entorhinal cortex-hippocampus bionic model follows the physiological structure of the hippocampal nervous system and the entorhinal cortex, and includes connection feedback between neurons in the nervous system. Among them, the connection between neurons in each layer is as follows: the entorhinal cortex layer directly projects to the dentate gyrus layer and the CA1 layer, the CA1 layer and the subiculum layer receive projections from the dentate gyrus layer, and the entorhinal cortex layer receives projections from the CA1 layer and the subiculum layer; the CA1 layer provides delayed feedback to the CA3 layer, and the subiculum layer provides delayed feedback to the CA3 layer and the CA1 layer.

[0050] In the model, EC represents the entorhinal cortex, which can project directly or through S1 cells to the DG and CA1 layers. The CA1 and Sub layers receive projections from the DG layer, with CA3_E1 cells projecting to CA1_E1 cells and Sub_E1 cells respectively; the EC layer receives projections from the CA1 and Sub layers, with CA1_I1 cells and Sub_I1 cells projecting to I1 cells. The CA1 layer provides delayed feedback to the CA3 layer, with CA1_E1 cells projecting to CA3_E1 cells; the Sub layer provides delayed feedback to the CA3 and CA1 layers, with Sub_E1 cells projecting to CA1_I1 cells and Sub_I1 cells projecting to CA3_I1 cells.

[0051] Specifically, CA1_E1 cells act on CA3_I1 cells through D6, Sub_E1 cells feedback to CA1_I1 cells through D7, and Sub_I1 cells feedback to CA3_I1 cells through D8.

[0052] In step S3, the connection between the olfactory-entorhinal cortex bionic model and the entorhinal cortex-hippocampal bionic model is as follows: the olfactory bulb layer and the piriform cortex layer in the olfactory model are projected to the entorhinal cortex layer through a one-to-one connection, the entorhinal cortex layer is projected to the dentate gyrus layer and CA1 layer in the hippocampal model through a one-to-one connection, and the CA1 and the subiculum are projected to the entorhinal cortex layer through a one-to-one connection.

[0053] from Figure 6The structure of the olfactory-hippocampal bionic model and the connection relationship between neurons can be clearly seen. The entorhinal cortex is responsible for collecting processed olfactory information from the olfactory bulb and piriform cortex to prepare for input into the hippocampus. The projections from the entorhinal cortex to the dentate gyrus and CA1 connect the entorhinal cortex and the hippocampus. The dentate gyrus and CA1 receive projections from the entorhinal cortex to further process the olfactory information, separate different patterns, and prepare for memory construction. At the same time, the EC receives information feedback from CA1 and Sub.

[0054] Next, we construct the dynamic equation of the olfactory-hippocampal bionic model and analyze it.

[0055] This application selects the K series model of K0, KI, KII, and KIII proposed by Professor Freeman as the research object. All neurons in the K series model (each neuron represents a neural cluster or cell tissue) can be described by a unified second-order differential equation, as shown in formulas (1) and (2).

[0056]

[0057] Where N is the number of parallel units in the model; x i (t), x j (t) are the potential state variables representing the i-th and j-th neural groups respectively; W ij I represents the synaptic connection strength between the jth neural cluster and the i-th neural cluster; i (t) represents the i-th neural group receiving external input; a and b represent the two time constants of neural electrophysiological activity, which can be measured by electrophysiological experiments as a=0.220 and b=0.720; and Q(x j (t),q j ) is a nonlinear input or output function derived from the HH (Hodgkin-Huxley) equation. The value of q will represent different values ​​at different locations. For example, q = 1.824 for the nerve clusters in the periglomerular cell layer, while q = 5 for the nerve clusters in the olfactory bulb, anterior olfactory nucleus, piriform cortex, entorhinal cortex, dentate gyrus, CA3, CA1, and subiculum

[0058] like Figure 6 As shown in Figure 1, the olfactory-hippocampal bionic model is composed of K0, KI and KII models coupled to each other through many local synaptic connections, forward feedback and delayed feedback. According to formulas (1) and (2), the neural dynamic behavior expressions of each layer structure in the olfactory-hippocampal bionic model are shown in formulas (3)-(13).

[0059] The forward Euler method is used to solve the neural dynamics equations of the olfactory-hippocampal bionic model.

[0060] (1) Input layer

[0061]

[0062] (2)PG layer

[0063]

[0064] (3) OB layer

[0065]

[0066] (4) AON layer

[0067]

[0068] (5) PC layer

[0069]

[0070] (6)EC layer

[0071]

[0072] (7) DG layer

[0073]

[0074] (8) CA3 layer

[0075]

[0076] (9) CA1 layer

[0077]

[0078] (10) Sub layer

[0079]

[0080] (11) Feedback

[0081]

[0082] In formulas (3)-(13), i=1, 2, ..., n represents the number of parallel input channels; represents the peripheral noise signal introduced by the i-th channel of the R layer. The noise is simulated by a Gaussian distribution with a mean of 0 and a positive mean; N c (t) represents the central noise signal introduced by the AON layer. The noise is simulated by a Gaussian distribution random number with a mean of 0 and a positive number; R 1 (t)…R n (t) represents the pulse density variable of the olfactory receptor output; P 1 (t)…Pn (t), periglomerular cells in the PG layer, representing potential state variables; M i1 (t)…M in (t), i = 1, 2, mitral cells in the OB layer, representing the potential state variable; G i1 (t)…G in (t), i = 1, 2, granule cells in the OB layer, representing the potential state variable; E i (t),I i (t), i = 1, 2, excitatory neurons and inhibitory neurons in the AON layer, representing potential state variables; A i (t),B i (t), i = 1, 2, excitatory neurons and inhibitory neurons in the PC layer, representing potential state variables; S i (t),I i (t), i = 1, 2, excitatory neurons and inhibitory neurons in the EC layer, representing potential state variables; DG i (t), i = 1, 2, excitatory neurons and inhibitory neurons in the DG layer, representing potential state variables; CA3_E i (t),CA3_I i (t), i = 1, 2, excitatory neurons and inhibitory neurons in the CA3 layer, representing potential state variables; CA1_E i (t),CA1_I i (t), i = 1, 2, excitatory neurons and inhibitory neurons in the CA1 layer, representing potential state variables; Sub_E i (t),Sub_I i (t), i = 1, 2, excitatory neurons and inhibitory neurons in the Sub layer, representing potential state variables; D l (t),l=1,2,…,8,D i (t) represents the pulse density variable after different long-delay feedback cycles, l represents the number of delayed feedback units in the bionic model; w represents the connection weight between neurons.

[0083] Four different experiments were conducted to analyze the different dynamic characteristics of the olfactory-hippocampal bionic model. The experiment was conducted on the MATLAB R2018b platform. During the experiment, the input layer of the olfactory-hippocampal bionic model was set to 50 channels, and the integration time step during the calculation was 1 ms.

[0084] like Figure 7 As shown in the figure, when no stimulation is introduced into the olfactory-hippocampal bionic model, the four sub-figures (a), (b), (c) and (d) respectively represent the output of typical neurons in the bionic model, and the time lasts for 1000ms. Figure 8 As shown in the figure, the stimulation intensity introduced into the olfactory-hippocampal bionic model is 2V, the stimulation starts at 301ms, lasts for 500ms, and ends at 800ms. The whole process lasts for 1000ms. The four sub-figures (a), (b), (c) and (d) respectively represent the output of typical neurons in the bionic model. Figure 7 and Figure 8 In the figure, the horizontal axis represents the duration of the olfactory-hippocampal bionic model, and the vertical axis represents the output of different neurons in the olfactory-hippocampal bionic model. From top to bottom and from left to right, they are the outputs of P1 neurons in the PG layer, M1 and G1 neurons in the OB layer, E1 and I1 neurons in the AON layer, A1 and B1 neurons in the PC layer, S1 and I1 neurons in the EC layer, DG1 neurons in the DG layer, CA3_E1 and CA3_I1 neurons in the CA3 layer, CA1_E1 and CA1_I1 neurons in the CA1 layer, and Sub_E1 and Sub_I1 neurons in the Sub layer.

[0085] from Figure 7 It can be seen that when no stimulation is introduced into the olfactory-hippocampal bionic model, the neurons in each layer are in a disordered state. At the same time, the outputs of the excitatory neurons and inhibitory neurons in each layer of the olfactory-hippocampal bionic model are also consistent with reality.

[0086] from Figure 8 It can be seen that from 301ms, after the introduction of stimulation, the states of neurons in each layer of the olfactory-hippocampal bionic model began to change, from the initial disorder to a stable state, and finally slowly returned to the initial state. Figure 8 In sub-graphs (c) and (d), it can be clearly seen that the stimulation state of the neurons in the two sub-graphs is later than that of the neurons in sub-graphs (a) and (b). This is caused by the time-consuming transmission of neuronal stimulation, which is in line with reality.

[0087] The above description of the various embodiments tends to emphasize the differences between the various embodiments. The same or similar aspects can be referenced to each other, and for the sake of brevity, this application will not go into details.

[0088] Note that the above are only preferred embodiments of the present invention and the technical principles used. Those skilled in the art will understand that the present invention is not limited to the specific embodiments herein, and that various obvious changes, readjustments and substitutions can be made by those skilled in the art without departing from the scope of protection of the present invention. Therefore, although the present invention has been described in more detail through the above embodiments, the present invention is not limited to the above embodiments, and may include more other equivalent embodiments without departing from the concept of the present invention, and the scope of the present invention is determined by the scope of the appended claims.

Claims

1. A method for olfactory-hippocampal bionic modeling based on neural cluster theory and anatomical structure, characterized in that: Step 1: Obtain the KIII model. According to the neural cluster theory, simplify the structure of the piriform cortex layer in the KIII model and model the entorhinal cortex layer. Based on the anatomical structure of the olfactory-entorhinal cortex, establish the connection between the KIII model and the neurons in the entorhinal cortex layer to complete the bionic modeling of the olfactory-entorhinal cortex. Step 2: Obtain the KI model and the KII model. According to the neural cluster theory, the dentate gyrus layer, CA3 layer, CA1 layer, subiculum layer and entorhinal cortex layer are hierarchically modeled through the KI model and the KII model. Based on the anatomical structure of the entorhinal cortex-hippocampus, the connection between neurons in each layer is established to complete the entorhinal cortex-hippocampus bionic modeling. Step 3: Based on the constructed olfactory-entorhinal cortex bionic model and the entorhinal cortex-hippocampus bionic model, and in accordance with the bionic principle, the connection between the olfactory-entorhinal cortex bionic model and the entorhinal cortex-hippocampus bionic model is established through projection to complete the construction of the olfactory-hippocampus bionic model.

2. The olfactory-hippocampal bionic modeling method based on the neural cluster theory and anatomical structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: In the step 1, the process of simplifying the piriform cortex structure in the KIII model and modeling the entorhinal cortex is as follows: the piriform cortex is represented by a single KII model, the entorhinal cortex is represented by a single KII model, and the neurons in the KII model are defined.

3. The olfactory-hippocampal bionic modeling method based on the neural cluster theory and anatomical structure according to claim 2, characterized in that: In the step 1, the connection between the KIII model and the neurons in the entorhinal cortex is as follows: the olfactory receptors are projected directly or through the periocular layer to the olfactory bulb layer, the anterior olfactory nucleus layer and the piriform cortex layer receive projections from the olfactory bulb layer, and the entorhinal cortex layer receives projections from the piriform cortex layer; the anterior olfactory nucleus layer provides feedback to the olfactory bulb layer, the piriform cortex layer provides feedback to the olfactory bulb layer, the entorhinal cortex provides delayed feedback to the piriform cortex, and the piriform cortex provides delayed feedback to the anterior olfactory nucleus layer.

4. The olfactory-hippocampal bionic modeling method based on the neural cluster theory and anatomical structure according to claim 3, characterized in that: The piriform cortex and the entorhinal cortex are connected in a one-to-one manner.

5. The olfactory-hippocampal bionic modeling method based on the neural cluster theory and anatomical structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: In the step 2, the hierarchical modeling process is as follows: the dentate gyrus layer is represented by a single KI model, the CA3 layer is represented by a single KII model, the CA1 layer is represented by a single KII model, the subiculum layer is represented by a single KII model, and the entorhinal cortex layer is represented by a single KII model, and the neurons in the KI model and the KII model are defined.

6. The olfactory-hippocampal bionic modeling method based on the neural cluster theory and anatomical structure according to claim 5, characterized in that: The KI model is composed of two excited K0 models interconnected.

7. The olfactory-hippocampal bionic modeling method based on the neural cluster theory and anatomical structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: In the step 2, the connection between neurons in each layer is as follows: the entorhinal cortex directly projects to the dentate gyrus layer and the CA1 layer, the CA1 layer and the subiculum layer receive projections from the dentate gyrus layer, and the entorhinal cortex layer receives projections from the CA1 layer and the subiculum layer; the CA1 layer performs delayed feedback to the CA3 layer, and the subiculum layer performs delayed feedback to the CA3 layer and the CA1 layer.

8. The olfactory-hippocampal bionic modeling method based on the neural cluster theory and anatomical structure according to claim 7, characterized in that: The dentate gyrus layer, CA3 layer, CA1 layer and subiculum layer are connected in a one-to-one manner.

9. The olfactory-hippocampal bionic modeling method based on the neural cluster theory and anatomical structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: In the step three, the connection between the olfactory-entorhinal cortex bionic model and the entorhinal cortex-hippocampal bionic model is as follows: the olfactory bulb layer and the piriform cortex layer in the olfactory model are projected to the entorhinal cortex layer through a one-to-one connection, the entorhinal cortex layer is projected to the dentate gyrus layer and CA1 layer in the hippocampal model through a one-to-one connection, and the CA1 and the subiculum are projected to the entorhinal cortex layer through a one-to-one connection.

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