Agricultural straw smashing and returning device

Abstract

The invention belongs to the field of agriculture, and particularly relates to an agricultural straw smashing and returning device. The invention provides an agricultural straw smashing and field returning device which combines straw smashing and field returning and ploughing. The agricultural straw smashing and field returning device comprises a mounting shell, a connecting frame, a scraping plate, an auxiliary cutter, a rotary cutter, a power motor and the like. The upper portion of the right side of the installation shell is fixedly connected with a connecting frame through bolts, the connecting frame is used for connecting the device with a vehicle body, a scraper is rotationally installed on the right side of the bottom in the installation shell and can only rotate within 90 degrees clockwise, and a rotary cutter is rotationally installed in the middle in the installation shell. Through cooperation of the soil turning device and the bulldozing assembly, soil is pushed open towards the two sides through the bulldozing assembly, then ploughing is conducted through the soil turning device, smashed straw is better mixed with the soil, and the fertility of the soil in the later period is guaranteed; and through the pesticide spraying assembly, pesticide spraying can be conducted after the smashed straw is mixed with soil, pests on the straw can be killed, and the equipment is more comprehensive in function.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention belongs to the field of agriculture, and in particular relates to a device for crushing and returning agricultural straw to the field. Background Art

[0002] Agricultural straw crushing and returning to the field is a method of returning crop straw directly to the field after mechanical crushing, aiming to improve soil fertility, soil structure and reduce environmental pollution. This method is increasingly valued in modern agriculture because it not only contributes to sustainable agricultural development, but also brings many ecological benefits.

[0003] After returning the straw to the field, in order to avoid the accumulation of straw on the surface and affect the soil temperature and humidity, it is necessary to plow the field as soon as possible after the straw is crushed. Therefore, after the straw is crushed and returned to the field, a tiller is needed to turn the soil. This method requires two steps. Although this method can also achieve the desired effect, it takes a long time and requires two steps, which is more costly.

[0004] Therefore, there is an urgent need to develop an agricultural straw crushing and returning-to-field device that combines straw crushing and returning to the field with tillage. Summary of the invention

[0005] In order to overcome the shortcomings of the current straw crushing and returning to the field, the present invention provides an agricultural straw crushing and returning to the field device which combines the straw crushing and returning to the field with plowing.

[0006] The technical solution is: an agricultural straw crushing and returning device to the field, including an installation shell, a connecting frame, a scraper, an auxiliary cutter, a rotary cutter, a power motor, a transmission shaft, a transmission belt and a soil turning device. The upper right side of the installation shell is fixedly connected to the connecting frame by bolts, and the connecting frame is used to connect the device to the vehicle body. A scraper is rotatably installed on the right side of the bottom of the installation shell, and the scraper can only rotate clockwise within 90°. A rotary cutter is rotatably installed in the middle part of the installation shell, and an auxiliary cutter is fixedly installed on the top of the installation shell between the rotary cutter and the scraper by bolts. The auxiliary cutter and the rotary cutter are staggered. The middle right side of the installation shell is fixedly connected to the power motor by bolts, and the output shaft of the power motor is connected to the transmission shaft through a coupling. A transmission belt is connected between the transmission shaft and the rotary cutter, and a soil turning device is installed at the lower left side of the installation shell.

[0007] Furthermore, the soil-turning device includes a motor mounting base, a reduction motor, a swing arm, a swing rod and a soil-turning shovel. The motor mounting base is installed at the lower front part of the mounting shell. The reduction motor is fixed to the motor mounting base by bolts. The output shaft of the reduction motor faces the mounting shell. The swing arm is connected to the output shaft of the reduction motor. A clamping shaft is provided at the rear end of the swing arm. The front and rear sides of the mounting shell are rotatably connected to the swing rod. A slotted hole is provided on the swing rod. The clamping shaft at the rear side of the swing arm is clamped in the slotted hole. A soil-turning shovel is connected between the bottom ends of the swing rod, and the soil-turning shovel can only rotate clockwise.

[0008] Furthermore, it also includes a spraying component, which is installed on the upper part of the mounting shell, and the spraying component includes a cam, a guide shaft, an L-shaped lifting rod, a spring, a connecting rod, a piston cylinder, a piston rod, a medicine inlet pipe, a medicine outlet pipe and a nozzle. The top of the rocker arm is fixedly connected to the cam, and guide shafts are symmetrically arranged on the front and rear sides of the top of the mounting shell, and the guide shafts are slidably connected with L-shaped lifting rods. A spring is connected between the L-shaped lifting rod and the mounting shell, and the bottom of the L-shaped lifting rod is above the cam. The top of the mounting shell is fixedly connected to the box body by bolts, and the upper part of the box body is fixedly connected to the piston cylinder, and the piston in the piston cylinder is connected to the piston rod, and the top of the piston rod is fixedly connected to the L-shaped lifting rod, and the top of the piston cylinder is connected to the medicine inlet pipe and the medicine outlet pipe, and the medicine outlet pipe passes through the left wall of the box body and is connected to the nozzle, and the medicine inlet pipe and the medicine outlet pipe are both installed with one-way valves.

[0009] Furthermore, it also includes a bulldozer assembly, which is installed in the installation shell and is located between the rotary cutter and the soil-turning device. The bulldozer assembly includes a hydraulic cylinder and a scraper shovel. The front and rear walls of the installation shell are fixedly connected to the hydraulic cylinder by bolts, and the scraper shovel is connected between the telescopic ends of the hydraulic cylinder.

[0010] Furthermore, it also includes a support component, which is installed on the lower left side of the installation shell. The support component includes a connecting plate and a roller. The connecting plates are obliquely installed on the front and rear sides of the lower left side of the installation shell, and the roller is rotatably connected between the bottoms of the connecting plates.

[0011] Furthermore, it also includes a spray guide assembly, which is connected between the tops of the connecting plates. The spray guide assembly includes a mounting plate, a rotating plate, a slider and a latch. The tops of the connecting plates are fixedly connected to the mounting plates by bolts, and the rotating plates are rotatably connected between the tops of the mounting plates. An arc hole is opened on the mounting plate, and the center of the arc hole is the rotating connection point of the rotating plate. Sliders are welded on the front and back sides of the rotating plate, and the slider is slidably connected to the arc hole. Plug holes are evenly spaced on the mounting plate on the right side of the arc hole, and the plug holes are opened along the arc. The slider is slidably connected to the latch, and the latch is inserted into the plug hole.

[0012] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following advantages: 1. The present invention cooperates with the soil turning device and the bulldozer assembly, firstly the soil is spread to both sides by the bulldozer assembly, and then the soil turning device is used for tilling, so that the crushed straw is better mixed with the soil, thereby ensuring the fertility of the soil in the later stage; 2. The present invention uses a spraying component to spray the crushed straw after mixing it with the soil, thereby killing the pests on the straw. The equipment has more comprehensive functions and is more convenient to use. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0013] Figure 1It is a schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of the present invention.

[0014] Figure 2 It is a schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of the scraper, auxiliary cutter and rotary cutter of the present invention.

[0015] Figure 3 It is a three-dimensional structural schematic diagram of the power motor, transmission shaft and transmission belt of the present invention.

[0016] Figure 4 It is a schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of the soil turning device of the present invention.

[0017] Figure 5 It is a schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of the spraying assembly of the present invention.

[0018] Figure 6 It is an enlarged view of the spraying assembly of the present invention.

[0019] Figure 7 It is a schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of the bulldozer assembly of the present invention.

[0020] Figure 8 It is a schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of the support assembly and the spray guide assembly of the present invention.

[0021] Description of reference numerals: 1_installation housing, 2_connecting frame, 3_scraper, 4_auxiliary cutter, 5_rotating cutter, 6_power motor, 7_transmission shaft, 8_transmission belt, 9_soil turning device, 91_motor mounting seat, 92_reduction motor, 93_swing arm, 94_swing rod, 95_slotted hole, 96_soil turning shovel, 10_spraying assembly, 101_cam, 102_guide shaft, 103_L-shaped lifting rod, 104_spring, 105_box, 106_piston cylinder, 107_piston rod, 108_medicine inlet pipe, 109_medicine outlet pipe, 1010_sprinkler, 11_bulldozer assembly, 111_hydraulic cylinder, 112_shovel, 12_support assembly, 121_connecting plate, 122_roller, 13_spray guide assembly, 131_mounting plate, 132_rotating plate, 133_arc hole, 134_slider, 135_jack, 136_latch pin. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0022] The following will be combined with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention to clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0023] Embodiment: A device for crushing and returning agricultural straw to the field, such as Figure 1-Figure 4As shown, it includes an installation shell 1, a connecting frame 2, a scraper 3, an auxiliary cutter 4, a rotary cutter 5, a power motor 6, a transmission shaft 7, a transmission belt 8 and a soil turning device 9. The upper right side of the installation shell 1 is fixedly connected to the connecting frame 2 by bolts, and the connecting frame 2 is used to connect the device to the vehicle body. The scraper 3 is rotatably installed on the right side of the bottom of the installation shell 1, and the scraper 3 can only be rotated clockwise within 90°. The rotary cutter 5 is rotatably installed in the middle part of the installation shell 1, and the auxiliary cutter 4 is fixedly installed on the top of the installation shell 1 between the rotary cutter 5 and the scraper 3 by bolts. The auxiliary cutter 4 and the rotary cutter 5 are staggered. The middle right side of the installation shell 1 is fixedly connected to the power motor 6 by bolts, and the output shaft of the power motor 6 is connected to the transmission shaft 7 through a coupling. A transmission belt 8 is connected between the transmission shaft 7 and the rotary cutter 5, and a soil turning device 9 is installed at the lower left side of the installation shell 1.

[0024] like Figure 4 As shown, the tilling device 9 includes a motor mounting seat 91, a reduction motor 92, a swing arm 93, a rocker rod 94 and a tilling shovel 96. The motor mounting seat 91 is installed at the lower front part of the mounting shell 1, and the reduction motor 92 is fixedly connected to the motor mounting seat 91 by bolts. The output shaft of the reduction motor 92 faces the mounting shell 1, and the swing arm 93 is connected to the output shaft of the reduction motor 92. The rear end of the swing arm 93 has a clamping shaft. The front and rear sides of the mounting shell 1 are rotatably connected to the rocker rod 94, and a slotted hole 95 is provided on the rocker rod 94. The clamping shaft on the rear side of the swing arm 93 is clamped in the slotted hole 95. A tilling shovel 96 is connected between the bottom ends of the rocker rod 94, and the tilling shovel 96 can only rotate clockwise.

[0025] When the device is used for crushing straw and returning it to the field and plowing, the device is connected to the vehicle body through the connecting frame 2, and the vehicle body presses down the originally erected straw. When the scraper 3 passes through the straw, it enters the installation shell 1 through the gap between the scrapers 3. At this time, the power motor 6 is controlled to rotate counterclockwise, and then the rotary cutter 5 is driven to rotate counterclockwise through the transmission shaft 7 and the transmission belt 8. The rotary cutter 5 and the auxiliary cutter 4 cut the incoming straw and discharge it from the left side of the device. At the same time, the reduction motor 92 is also controlled to rotate, thereby driving the swing The arm 93 rotates, thereby driving the swing arm 94 to swing left and right. When the swing arm 94 swings to the right, it drives the tilling shovel 96 to move to the right. When the tilling shovel 96 contacts the ground, the tilling shovel 96 swings counterclockwise and does not turn over the soil. When the swing arm 94 swings to the left, it drives the tilling shovel 96 to swing to the left, and the tilling shovel 96 is inserted into the soil, turns up the soil, and turns the soil. After the straw is crushed and returned to the field and the plowing is completed, the power motor 6 and the reduction motor 92 are controlled to stop working, and the equipment is separated from the vehicle body.

[0026] like Figure 5 and Figure 6As shown, it also includes a spraying assembly 10, and the spraying assembly 10 is installed on the upper part of the mounting shell 1. The spraying assembly 10 includes a cam 101, a guide shaft 102, an L-shaped lifting rod 103, a spring 104, a connecting rod, a piston cylinder 106, a piston rod 107, a medicine inlet pipe 108, a medicine outlet pipe 109 and a nozzle 1010. The top of the swing rod 94 is fixedly connected to the cam 101, and the guide shaft 102 is symmetrically arranged on the front and rear sides of the top of the mounting shell 1. The guide shaft 102 is slidably connected to the L-shaped lifting rod 103, and the L-shaped lifting rod 103 is connected to the mounting shell 1. A spring 104 is connected, the bottom of the L-shaped lifting rod 103 is above the cam 101, and the top of the mounting shell 1 is fixedly connected to a box body 105 by bolts. A piston cylinder 106 is fixedly connected to the upper part of the box body 105, and a piston rod 107 is connected to the piston in the piston cylinder 106. The top of the piston rod 107 is fixedly connected to the L-shaped lifting rod 103, and the top of the piston cylinder 106 is connected to a drug inlet pipe 108 and a drug outlet pipe 109. The drug outlet pipe 109 passes through the left wall of the box body 105 and is connected to a nozzle 1010. Both the drug inlet pipe 108 and the drug outlet pipe 109 are equipped with a one-way valve.

[0027] When the swing arm 94 swings to the left, the cam 101 is driven to swing to the right, thereby driving the L-shaped lifting rod 103 to move upward, the spring 104 is stretched, and the L-shaped lifting rod 103 moves upward, driving the piston rod 107 to move upward, thereby driving the piston in the piston cylinder 106 to move upward, so that the liquid in the piston cylinder 106 is discharged through the medicine outlet pipe 109, and the medicine is sprayed through the nozzle 1010 onto the crushed straw. When the swing arm 94 swings to the right, the cam 101 is driven to swing to the left. Under the action of the spring 104, the L-shaped lifting rod 103 is driven to move downward, thereby driving the piston rod 107 to move downward, thereby driving the piston in the piston cylinder 106 to move downward, so that the medicine enters the piston cylinder 106 through the medicine inlet pipe 108 to prepare for the next spraying.

[0028] like Figure 7 As shown, a bulldozer assembly 11 is also included. The bulldozer assembly 11 is installed in the mounting shell 1. The bulldozer assembly 11 is located between the rotary cutter 5 and the soil turning device 9. The bulldozer assembly 11 includes a hydraulic cylinder 111 and a scraper shovel 112. The front and rear walls of the mounting shell 1 are fixedly connected with the hydraulic cylinder 111 by bolts, and the scraper shovel 112 is connected between the telescopic ends of the hydraulic cylinder 111.

[0029] like Figure 8 As shown, it also includes a support component 12, which is installed on the lower left side of the installation shell 1. The support component 12 includes a connecting plate 121 and a roller 122. The connecting plates 121 are obliquely installed on both the front and rear sides of the lower left side of the installation shell 1, and the roller 122 is rotatably connected between the bottoms of the connecting plates 121.

[0030] like Figure 8As shown, it also includes a spray guide assembly 13, which is connected between the tops of the connecting plates 121. The spray guide assembly 13 includes a mounting plate 131, a rotating plate 132, a slider 134 and a latch 136. The tops of the connecting plates 121 are fixedly connected to the mounting plates 131 by bolts, and the rotating plates 132 are rotatably connected between the tops of the mounting plates 131. An arc hole 133 is opened on the mounting plate 131, and the center of the arc hole 133 is the rotating connection point of the rotating plate 132. Sliders 134 are welded on the front and rear sides of the rotating plate 132, and the slider 134 is slidably connected to the arc hole 133. Plug holes 135 are evenly spaced on the mounting plate 131 on the right side of the arc hole 133, and the plug holes 135 are opened along the arc. The slider 134 is slidably connected to the latch 136, and the latch 136 is inserted into the plug hole 135.

[0031] When turning the soil, the hydraulic cylinder 111 is controlled to extend, driving the scraper 112 to move downward and insert into the soil. When the vehicle body moves, the scraper 112 will dig the soil to both sides to facilitate subsequent turning of the soil. When the device moves with the vehicle body, the roller 122 supports the equipment. At the same time, when the straw is crushed, in order to control the landing position of the crushed straw, the pin 136 can be pulled out, and then the rotating plate 132 can be rotated downward or upward. When the rotating plate 132 is rotated upward, the crushed straw is sprayed farther, and when the rotating plate 132 is rotated downward, the crushed straw is sprayed closer. After the angle of the rotating plate 132 is adjusted, the pin 136 is inserted back into the socket 135.

[0032] It should be understood that this embodiment is only used to illustrate the present invention and is not used to limit the scope of the present invention. In addition, it should be understood that after reading the content taught by the present invention, those skilled in the art can make various changes or modifications to the present invention, and these equivalent forms fall within the scope limited by the appended claims of the application.

Claims

1. An agricultural straw crushing and returning device to the field, wherein a soil turning device (9) is installed at the lower left side of the installation housing (1), and the characteristics are: The soil turning device (9) comprises a motor mounting seat (91), a reduction motor (92), a swing arm (93), a swing rod (94) and a soil turning shovel (96). The motor mounting seat (91) is mounted on the lower front part of the mounting housing (1). The reduction motor (92) is fixedly connected to the motor mounting seat (91). The swing arm (93) is connected to the output shaft of the reduction motor (92). A clamping shaft is provided at the rear end of the swing arm (93). The swing rod (94) is rotatably connected to both the front and rear sides of the mounting housing (1). A straight hole (95) is provided on the swing rod (94). The clamping shaft at the rear side of the swing arm (93) is clamped in the straight hole (95). The soil turning shovel (96) is connected between the bottom ends of the swing rod (94).

2. The agricultural straw crushing and returning device to the field according to claim 1 is characterized in that: A connecting frame (2) is fixedly connected to the upper right side of the installation shell (1); a scraper (3) is rotatably mounted on the right side of the bottom of the installation shell (1); a rotary cutter (5) is rotatably mounted in the middle of the installation shell (1); an auxiliary cutter (4) is fixedly mounted on the top of the installation shell (1) between the rotary cutter (5) and the scraper (3); the auxiliary cutter (4) and the rotary cutter (5) are staggered; a power motor (6) is fixedly connected to the middle right side of the installation shell (1); a transmission shaft (7) is connected to the output shaft of the power motor (6) via a coupling; a transmission belt (8) is connected between the transmission shaft (7) and the rotary cutter (5).

3. The agricultural straw crushing and returning device to the field according to claim 2 is characterized in that: The invention also comprises a medicine spraying assembly (10). The medicine spraying assembly (10) is installed on the upper part of the mounting shell (1). The medicine spraying assembly (10) comprises a piston cylinder (106), a piston rod (107), a medicine inlet pipe (108), a medicine outlet pipe (109) and a spray head (1010). The piston cylinder (106) is fixedly connected to the upper part of the box body (105). The piston rod (107) is connected to the piston in the piston cylinder (106). The top end of the piston cylinder (106) is connected to the medicine inlet pipe (108) and the medicine outlet pipe (109). The medicine outlet pipe (109) passes through the left wall of the box body (105) and is connected to the spray head (1010). Both the medicine inlet pipe (108) and the medicine outlet pipe (109) are installed with a one-way valve.

4. The agricultural straw crushing and returning device to the field according to claim 3 is characterized in that: The spraying assembly (10) further comprises a cam (101), a guide shaft (102), an L-shaped lifting rod (103), a spring (104) and a connecting rod; the top of the swing rod (94) is fixedly connected to the cam (101); the guide shaft (102) is symmetrically arranged on the front and rear sides of the top of the mounting shell (1); the L-shaped lifting rod (103) is slidably connected to the guide shaft (102); the top of the piston rod (107) is fixedly connected to the L-shaped lifting rod (103); the spring (104) is connected between the L-shaped lifting rod (103) and the mounting shell (1); the bottom of the L-shaped lifting rod (103) is above the cam (101); and the box body (105) is fixedly connected to the top of the mounting shell (1).

5. The agricultural straw crushing and returning device to the field according to claim 4 is characterized in that: The device also comprises a bulldozer assembly (11), wherein the bulldozer assembly (11) is installed in the mounting shell (1), and the bulldozer assembly (11) is located between the rotary cutter (5) and the soil turning device (9). The bulldozer assembly (11) comprises a hydraulic cylinder (111) and a soil scraper (112), and the front and rear walls of the mounting shell (1) are both fixedly connected to the hydraulic cylinder (111), and the soil scraper (112) is connected between the telescopic ends of the hydraulic cylinder (111).

6. The agricultural straw crushing and returning device to the field according to claim 5 is characterized in that: It also comprises a support assembly (12), the support assembly (12) being mounted on the lower left side of the mounting shell (1), the support assembly (12) comprising a connecting plate (121) and a roller (122), the connecting plate (121) being mounted obliquely on both the front and rear sides of the lower left side of the mounting shell (1), and the roller (122) being rotatably connected between the bottoms of the connecting plates (121).

7. The agricultural straw crushing and returning device to the field according to claim 6 is characterized in that: The invention also comprises a spray guide assembly (13), wherein the spray guide assembly (13) is connected between the tops of the connecting plates (121), and the spray guide assembly (13) comprises a mounting plate (131), a rotating plate (132) and a sliding block (134). The mounting plates (131) are fixedly connected to the tops of the connecting plates (121), and the rotating plates (132) are rotatably connected between the tops of the mounting plates (131). An arc-shaped hole (133) is formed on the mounting plate (131), and the center of the arc-shaped hole (133) is the rotating connection point of the rotating plate (132). The sliding blocks (134) are welded to the front and rear sides of the rotating plate (132), and the sliding blocks (134) are slidably connected to the arc-shaped hole (133).

8. The agricultural straw crushing and returning device to the field according to claim 7 is characterized in that: The mounting plate (131) on the right side of the arc-shaped hole (133) is provided with insertion holes (135) at even intervals. The insertion holes (135) are provided along an arc. The slider (134) is slidably connected with the latch pin (136), and the latch pin (136) is inserted into the insertion hole (135).

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