Saline-alkali soil straw smashing, injecting and returning machine and deep burying treatment method

Abstract

The invention discloses a saline-alkali soil straw smashing, injecting and returning machine and a deep burying treatment method, and relates to the field of straw smashing. The field returning machine comprises a front fixing frame and a rear fixing frame, a feeding area is arranged at the lower end of the front fixing frame, a telescopic plate is arranged at the lower end of the rear fixing frame, a protective side plate is installed at the lower end of the telescopic plate, and a front plowing roller and a rear plowing roller are arranged in the protective side plate; a feeding roller is arranged in the feeding area, a crushing roller is arranged at the end, close to the rear fixing frame, of the feeding area, a smashing area for smashing straw in a centralized mode is arranged at the end, close to the rear fixing frame, of the feeding area, a feeding area and a collecting area are arranged at the end, close to the rear fixing frame, of the smashing area, and the collecting area is fixedly connected with the rear fixing frame. A discharging area for discharging straw powder into a field ridge is installed in the protective side plate. Straw is collected in a centralized mode to guarantee the smashing effect, conveying is conducted through wind power after smashing, straw is deeply injected, and the straw returning effect is guaranteed.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of soil treatment, in particular to a saline-alkali land straw crushing and injection returning machine and a deep burial treatment method. Background Art

[0002] Proper straw return to the field is crucial for promoting carbon sequestration in farmland, improving soil fertility, improving soil structure, and ensuring increased crop yields and sustained, stable, and high yields. Currently, the main straw return methods used in production are shredding, mulching, and deep plowing. These methods return straw to the shallow soil layer (0-25 cm), exacerbating the incidence of soil-borne pests and diseases such as wheat stem rot and sheath blight. The straw cannot decompose quickly, resulting in loose soil, increased sowing requirements, and affected seedling quality. The patent authorization announcement number CN117999895B discloses a double-layer corn straw return machine for saline-alkali land. By setting a screening device, the kneaded and refined straw can be screened into coarse straw and fine straw, and by setting a deep loosening and soil-raising component, a fine straw landfill cavity can be constructed underground. The first throwing fan and the first material guide pipe are used to bury the fine straw in the fine straw landfill cavity, thereby forming a barrier between the upper soil layer and the lower soil layer. The barrier formed by the fine straw can isolate salt and inhibit alkali. At the same time, after the fine straw is decomposed, it is convenient to form nutrients faster and improve the soil quality of the deep soil in the saline-alkali land. On the other hand, the second throwing fan and the second material guide pipe can be used to spray the coarse straw on the surface to form a covering strip of the upper soil layer. Since the coarse straw is heavy, it is not easily blown away by the wind when spread on the surface of the saline-alkali land. Therefore, the covering effect of the upper soil layer can be effectively guaranteed, which is conducive to the penetration and storage of water and fertilizer. The patent with the patent authorization announcement number CN222053915U discloses a straw crushing and returning machine, in which the main gearbox drives the root digging shaft to rotate, and the root digging shaft drives the crushing shaft A and the crushing shaft B to rotate in the same direction. The stubble knife on the root digging shaft cuts off the straw roots and moves with the straw along with the stubble knife. The stubble knife and the movable knife A are interlaced with each other to send the straw to the movable knife A. The rotation of the crushing shaft A drives the movable knife A to move, and the straw is crushed by the fixed knife A. The crushed straw is transmitted to the movable knife B through the interlacing cooperation of the movable knife A and the movable knife B. The rotation of the crushing shaft B drives the movable knife B to move, and the straw moves with the movable knife B through the fixed knife B and the fixed knife C that interlaced with the movable knife B to be crushed twice, and the straw is crushed into smaller pieces; the root digging shaft, the crushing shaft A and the crushing shaft B are engaged with each other in the same direction, and the fixed knife A, the fixed knife B and the fixed knife C are interlaced to crush the straw, which increases the relative speed and improves the crushing effect while keeping the total speed unchanged.

[0003] The above-mentioned patent solves the problem raised, but still has the following defects: during use, the straw needs to be screened and spread out by a screening device, and after the straw is spread out, it is covered with soil by a pointed plow, and then rolled by a roller, which makes the field hardened and not conducive to farming; at the same time, it is difficult to cover the straw evenly, which affects the decomposition effect of the straw.

[0004] In response to the above problems, it is urgent to carry out innovative design based on the original structure of the farmland return machine. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The purpose of the present invention is to provide a straw crushing and injection return machine and deep burial management method for saline-alkali land, so as to solve the problem proposed in the above background technology that during the use of the return machine, the straw needs to be screened and spread out by a screening device, covered by a pointed plow, and rolled by a roller, which makes the field hardened and not conducive to farming; it is difficult to evenly cover the straw, thereby affecting the decomposition effect of the straw.

[0006] To achieve the above-mentioned objectives, the present invention provides the following technical solutions: a saline-alkali land straw crushing and injection machine for returning straw to the field, comprising a front fixed frame and a rear fixed frame, wherein a feeding area is provided at the lower end of the front fixed frame, a telescopic plate is provided at the lower end of the rear fixed frame, and a protective side plate is installed at the lower end of the telescopic plate, and a front turning roller and a rear turning roller are provided inside the protective side plate; a feeding roller is provided inside the feeding area, a crushing roller is provided at one end of the feeding area close to the rear fixed frame, a crushing area for concentratedly crushing straw is provided at one end of the feeding area close to the rear fixed frame, and a feeding area and a collection area are provided at one end of the crushing area close to the rear fixed frame, and the collection area is fixedly connected to the rear fixed frame, and a discharge area for discharging straw powder into the field ridge is installed inside the protective side plate.

[0007] Preferably, a guide plate is fixedly installed inside the feed area, and two groups of feed rollers are rotatably installed inside the feed area. Two groups of rotating rollers are rotatably installed inside the feed area, and conveyor belts are provided on the outside of the two groups of rotating rollers, and one end of the upper rotating roller is fixedly connected to the output end of the driving motor outside the feed area.

[0008] Preferably, two sets of crushing rollers are installed inside the crushing area for vertical rotation, and meshing gears are fixedly installed on the outside of the crushing rollers, and the upper and lower sets of meshing gears are meshed and connected. A pulley structure is provided on the outside of the crushing rollers and the feed rollers, and a pulley structure is also provided between the two adjacent sets of feed rollers at the lower ends.

[0009] Preferably, a battery box and a blower are provided at the upper end of the crushing zone, and the battery box is electrically connected to the blower and the drive motor respectively, and a receiving plate installed inside the lower end of the crushing zone is provided with holes for dust exhaust, and the lower ends of the support rollers arranged outside the crushing zone, the feeding zone and the aggregation zone are in the same horizontal plane.

[0010] Preferably, the discharge area is located outside the lower end of the collection area, and two sets of rotating parts are rotatably installed inside the discharge area. A seasoning plate for adjusting the discharge of straw is fixedly installed outside the rotating parts, and the seasoning plate is tilted inside the discharge area.

[0011] Preferably, a limiting member is slidably installed inside the rotating member, and one end of the limiting member close to the discharge area is located in a hole groove opened in the discharge area, and a return spring is fixedly installed between the limiting member and the rotating member.

[0012] Preferably, a soil dividing cone is fixedly installed inside the protective side plate, and the soil dividing cone has an inverted "V" shape when viewed from above. The lower end surface of the soil dividing cone is lower than the lower end surface of the discharge area, and the width of the soil dividing cone is greater than the width of the discharge area.

[0013] Preferably, an auger roller assembly for burying straw is fixedly installed on the outer side of the protective side plate, and the length of the auger roller in the auger roller assembly is greater than the length of the soil dividing cone, and the auger roller assembly is located at the rear end of the forward direction of the discharge area, and at the same time, the rotating plates at both ends of the auger roller in the auger roller assembly rotate in opposite directions.

[0014] Preferably, a hydraulic push rod for pushing the protective side plate to move up and down is fixedly installed between the rear fixing frame and the protective side plate, and the hydraulic push rod and the telescopic plate are symmetrically arranged at the lower end of the rear fixing frame.

[0015] The present invention also provides a deep burial treatment method for saline-alkali land by crushing straw and injecting it into a field return machine, comprising the following steps: S1. Collect and process the straw in the field; S2. crushing the collected straw; S3. Use wind pressure to inject the crushed straw into the soil layer 20-25 cm below the surface. After injection, the straw is distributed in a strip shape with a width of 50-80 cm and a thickness of 0-15 cm.

[0016] Compared with existing technologies, the present invention has the following advantages: it integrates straw collection, crushing, transmission, wind-driven pressure delivery, and deep injection, directly injecting straw below 20-25 cm and allowing it to participate in the entire process of soil fertilization. The straw ground collection rate reaches over 95%, achieving zero straw burning, full utilization, and deep soil fertilization, realizing efficient straw utilization and continuous improvement of soil fertility. Specifically: 1. A feed roller is provided, and the straw on the upper end of the land can be collected into the crushing area through the rotation of the feed roller, so that the crushing roller inside the crushing area can centrally crush the straw, ensuring the effect of the straw crushing machine.

[0017] 2. A conveyor belt and a blower are provided, which can enable the conveyor belt to transport the straw quickly and allow the straw to enter the crushing area stably. The blower blows gas into the crushing area and drives the straw to be transported at the same time, which can enable the crushed straw to be transported quickly inside the machine body, ensuring its transportation speed.

[0018] 3. Furthermore, by setting the front and rear tillage rollers, the fields can be deep plowed, and the crushed soil blocks can be separated by using the soil-dividing cone, so that the straw can be injected 20-35 cm underground. The deep injection of the straw can be controlled and the straw can provide fertilizer for the seeds. The straw can be buried by using the auger roller assembly to ensure the decomposition effect of the straw underground, thereby improving the convenience of using the field return machine.

[0019] 4. Furthermore, the lower end surfaces of the supporting rollers are on the same horizontal plane, providing stable support for the movement of the machine body, while the holes and grooves provided inside the receiving plate facilitate dust removal.

[0020] 5. Furthermore, the internal body of the machine is spliced ​​with a lightweight metal shell, which makes it easy to inspect and repair the interior, reduces straw blockage, and ensures the convenience of using the machine. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0021] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of the present invention from a top view.

[0022] Figure 2 It is a bottom-up three-dimensional structural schematic diagram of the present invention.

[0023] Figure 3 It is a schematic top view of the three-dimensional structure of the blower of the present invention.

[0024] Figure 4 It is a schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of the conveyor belt of the present invention when viewed from above.

[0025] Figure 5 This is a schematic top view of the three-dimensional structure of the feed roller of the present invention.

[0026] Figure 6 This is a schematic top view of the three-dimensional structure of the drive motor of the present invention.

[0027] Figure 7 This is a schematic top view of the three-dimensional structure of the hydraulic push rod of the present invention.

[0028] Figure 8 It is a schematic top view of the three-dimensional structure of the telescopic plate of the present invention.

[0029] Figure 9 This is a schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of the seasoning plate of the present invention when viewed from above.

[0030] Figure 10It is a schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of the discharge area in a cross-sectional state of the present invention.

[0031] Figure 11 It is a schematic top view of the three-dimensional structure of the front turning roller of the present invention.

[0032] In the figure: 1. Front fixed frame; 2. Rear fixed frame; 3. Feeding area; 4. Crushing area; 5. Feeding area; 6. Aggregation area; 7. Discharge area; 8. Feeding roller; 9. Guide plate; 10. Rotating roller; 11. Conveyor belt; 12. Driving motor; 13. Crushing roller; 14. Meshing gear; 15. Adapter plate; 16. Battery box; 17. Blower; 18. Rotating part; 19. Seasoning plate; 20. Limiting part; 21. Return spring; 22. Hydraulic push rod; 23. Telescopic plate; 24. Protective side plate; 25. Front turning roller; 26. Rear turning roller; 27. Auger roller assembly; 28. Support roller; 29. ​​Soil dividing cone. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0033] The following will clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without making creative efforts are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0034] Example 1: The present invention provides the following technical solution: the straw in saline-alkali land is crushed and injected into the field return machine, such as Figure 1-Figure 4 and Figure 11 As shown, in order to solve the problem that the tillage depth of the land return machine is difficult to control, the process of adjusting the tillage depth of the land by the land return machine is disclosed, so that the land return machine can effectively control the tillage depth. The specific content is as follows.

[0035] A front fixed frame 1 and a rear fixed frame 2, a feeding area 3 is provided at the lower end of the front fixed frame 1, a telescopic plate 23 is provided at the lower end of the rear fixed frame 2, and a protective side plate 24 is installed at the lower end of the telescopic plate 23, and a front turning roller 25 and a rear turning roller 26 are provided inside the protective side plate 24; a feeding roller 8 is provided inside the feeding area 3, a crushing roller 13 is provided at one end of the feeding area 3 close to the rear fixed frame 2, a crushing area 4 for concentratedly crushing straw is provided at one end of the feeding area 3 close to the rear fixed frame 2, and a feeding area 5 and a gathering area 6 are provided at one end of the crushing area 4 close to the rear fixed frame 2, and the gathering area 6 is fixedly connected to the rear fixed frame 2, a discharging area 7 for discharging straw powder into the ridges is installed inside the protective side plate 24, a hydraulic push rod 22 for pushing the protective side plate 24 up and down is fixedly installed between the rear fixed frame 2 and the protective side plate 24, and the hydraulic push rod 22 and the telescopic plate 23 are symmetrically arranged at the lower end of the rear fixed frame 2 When the saline-alkali land straw crushing and injection returning machine is used, the returning machine is installed on the rear end of the tractor through the front fixing frame 1 and the rear fixing frame 2, and is connected to the feed roller 8 and the pulley outside the front tilling roller 25 through the belt on the outside of the tractor driving wheel, so that the returning machine obtains the working power, and when the front tilling roller 25 rotates under the power of the tractor, the land will be tilled, and the front tilling roller 25 and the rear tilling roller 26 are driven by the pulley structure, which can make the rear tilling roller 26 turn the front tilling roller 26 to the front tilling roller 26. The soil blocks after the turning roller 25 is turned over are crushed again. During the operation of the front turning roller 25 and the rear turning roller 26, the straw on the upper end of the land will be crushed and can provide fertilizer for the seeds. The protective side plates 24 are arranged on the outside of the front turning roller 25 and the rear turning roller 26, and the protective side plates 24 and the rear fixed frame 2 are connected by a hydraulic push rod 22 and a telescopic plate 23, so as to control the plowing depth of the front turning roller 25 and the rear turning roller 26, thereby effectively improving the convenience of using the field return machine.

[0036] Example 2: This example Figures 1-8 As shown, in order to solve the problem of low straw crushing effect of existing straw return machines, the process of fully crushing the straw by the straw return machine is disclosed, and the effect of the straw return machine being able to effectively crush the straw is achieved. The specific content is as follows.

[0037] The feed zone 3 is provided with a fixed guide plate 9, and two sets of feed rollers 8 are installed in rotation inside the feed zone 3. Two sets of rotating rollers 10 are installed in rotation inside the feed zone 3, and a conveyor belt 11 is provided on the outside of the two sets of rotating rollers 10, and one end of the upper rotating roller 10 is fixedly connected to the output end of the driving motor 12 on the outside of the feed zone 3. Two sets of crushing rollers 13 are installed in the crushing zone 4 for rotation up and down, and a meshing gear 14 is fixedly installed on the outside of the crushing roller 13, and the upper and lower sets of meshing gears 14 are meshed and connected, and a pulley structure is provided on the outside of the crushing roller 13 and the feed roller 8, and the two sets of feed rollers adjacent to the lower end are provided. 8 is also provided with a pulley structure, a battery box 16 and a blower 17 are provided at the upper end of the crushing zone 4, and the battery box 16 is electrically connected to the blower 17 and the drive motor 12 respectively, and the receiving plate 15 installed inside the lower end of the crushing zone 4 is provided with a hole groove for dust exhaust, and the lower ends of the supporting rollers 28 arranged on the outside of the crushing zone 4, the feeding zone 3 and the aggregation zone 6 are in the same horizontal plane, the discharge zone 7 is located outside the lower end of the aggregation zone 6, and two groups of rotating parts 18 are rotatably installed inside the discharge zone 7, and a seasoning plate 19 for adjusting the discharge of straw is fixedly installed on the outside of the rotating part 18, and the seasoning plate 19 is tilted inside the discharge zone 7.

[0038] When the saline-alkali land straw crushing and injection machine is used, the feed roller 8 rotates to transport the straw on the upper end of the land to the upper end of the conveyor belt 11, and the conveyor belt 11 transports the straw to the inside of the crushing area 4 under the action of the drive motor 12 and the rotating roller 10. The crushing roller 13 close to the feed roller 8 is linked to the outer side of the feed roller 8 through a pulley structure, which can make the group of feed rollers 8 rotate, and the feed roller 8 at the lower end is linked through the internal pulley structure so that they can transmit to each other. At the same time, the pulley radius on the outer side of the feed roller 8 is larger than that on the outer side of the crushing roller 13. The pulley radius will make the rotation speed of the crushing roller 13 greater than the rotation speed of the feed roller 8. At the same time, a meshing gear 14 is provided at the other end of the crushing roller 13, and the upper and lower sets of meshing gears 14 are meshed and connected with each other, which will enable the crushing roller 13 inside the crushing area 4 to completely crush the straw, and in the process of crushing, the straw powder and crushed soil will be discharged downward through the hole inside the receiving plate 15, avoiding the accumulation of straw powder inside the crushing area 4; through the centralized crushing treatment of the straw, the crushing effect of the straw returner can be effectively guaranteed.

[0039] Example 3: This example Figure 1-Figure 4 and Figure 7-11 As shown, in order to solve the problem that the existing field return machine cannot adjust the straw discharge, the process of adjusting the straw laying state of the field return machine is disclosed, and the effect of the field return machine controlling the straw laying is achieved. The specific content is as follows.

[0040] A limiting member 20 is installed in the internal sliding of the rotating member 18, and the end of the limiting member 20 close to the discharge area 7 is located in the hole groove opened in the discharge area 7, and a return spring 21 is fixedly installed between the limiting member 20 and the rotating member 18, and a soil dividing cone 29 is fixedly installed inside the protective side plate 24, and the soil dividing cone 29 has an inverted "V" shape when viewed from above. The lower end face of the soil dividing cone 29 is lower than the lower end face of the discharge area 7, and the width of the soil dividing cone 29 is greater than the width of the discharge area 7. A auger roller assembly 27 for burying straw is fixedly installed on the outer side of the protective side plate 24, and the length of the auger roller in the auger roller assembly 27 is greater than the length of the soil dividing cone 29, and the auger roller assembly 27 is located at the rear end of the forward direction of the discharge area 7, and the rotating plates at both ends of the auger roller in the auger roller assembly 27 rotate in opposite directions.

[0041] During the crushing process, the battery box 16 supplies power to the blower 17 and the drive motor 12, so that the straw inside the crushing area 4 is quickly transported to the inside of the feeding area 5, and then transported to the inside of the gathering area 6 through the feeding area 5. It will then enter the inside of the discharge area 7 through the gathering area 6 and be discharged, thereby completing the crushing and conveying process of the straw by the field return machine. The discharge area 7 is fixed inside the protective side plate 24, and the burial depth of the straw can be adjusted according to the turning depth of the front turning roller 25. In the process of turning the soil by the front turning roller 25 and the rear turning roller 26, the soil blocks after plowing can be separated by the soil dividing cone 29, so that no soil blocks will appear at the front end of the discharge area 7, thereby preventing the soil blocks from affecting the movement of the discharge area 7.

[0042] The seasoning plate 19 rotatably arranged inside the discharge area 7 can adjust the feeding condition of the straw, so that the straw can be discharged evenly from the seasoning plate 19, and in the process of adjusting the seasoning plate 19 to discharge the straw, the seasoning plate 19 can be driven to rotate by the rotating member 18, and before the rotating member 18 rotates, the limiting member 20 needs to be separated from the hole groove opened on the outside of the seasoning plate 19, at this time the reset spring 21 will be in a contracted state, and the limiting member 20 can be released after the seasoning plate 19 is rotated to the required angle, at this time the reset spring 21 can be The expansion is carried out and the limit piece 20 is docked with the outer hole groove of the seasoning plate 19 again to complete the discharge adjustment of the discharge area 7. The lower end width of the discharge area 7 is 80 cm, which can make the straw neatly placed. After the soil dividing cone 29 separates the soil blocks in the forward direction of the discharge area 7, the auger roller assembly 27 will rotate and make the separated soil blocks flat on the upper end of the straw, burying the straw underground, avoiding the exposed surface of the field of straw, affecting the rotting effect of the straw, thereby ensuring the effect of the straw crushing process of the field return machine and increasing the overall practicality.

[0043] The deep burial treatment method for saline-alkali land by crushing straw and injecting it into a field return machine of the present invention comprises the following steps: S1. Collect and process the straw in the field; S2. crushing the collected straw; S3. Use wind pressure to inject the crushed straw into the soil layer 20-25 cm below the surface. After injection, the straw is distributed in a strip shape with a width of 50-80 cm and a thickness of 0-15 cm.

[0044] The straw deep injection and returning to the field of the present invention, the straw is still in the deep soil layer, which solves the problems caused by the existing straw returning to the field method and solves the confusion of farmers in applying the "straw returning to the field technology". The straw deep injection and returning to the field breaks the plow bottom layer, optimizes the tillage layer structure, matures the sub-tillage layer, thickens the tillage layer, and increases the tillage layer from 18-25cm to 30-35cm. The soil bulk density is reduced, the soil organic carbon, total nitrogen, and effective nutrients are increased, the beneficial soil bacteria are increased, and the soil's ability to regulate water, fertilizer, gas and heat is enhanced, which is conducive to crop growth and the sustainable and healthy development of cultivated land, realizing the "storing grain in the ground". It is a key technical measure for improving the soil fertility of high-standard farmland. The deeply injected straw is both a "fertilizer reservoir" and a "small reservoir" that can effectively improve the soil's water and fertilizer retention capacity and water and fertilizer utilization rate. At the same time, the pathogens carried by the straw are deep in the soil, reducing the incidence of soil-borne diseases. Deep straw injection can reduce fertilizer use by 3-6% and pesticide use by 7-10%, increasing wheat yields by 12.0% and corn yields by 11.8%. This technology, effectively "storing grain through technology," is a key tool for increasing grain yields. Deep straw injection loosens the soil and increases permeability in saline-alkali land. Salt in the tillage layer quickly leaches below the straw layer and drains out of the field along the hidden channels created by the deep straw injection. The deep "straw belt" blocks soil capillaries, preventing the rise of saline water, reducing salt content in the tillage and surface layers, and alleviating salt stress on crops. This has resulted in an average increase of over 50%, with a maximum increase of 85%. Deep straw injection is the simplest, most economical, and most effective method for improving saline-alkali land through the "suitable crop for the land" approach. Straw is deeply injected and returned to the field. Through the annual and seasonal rotation of the straw bands, the return location changes with each crop season. After two to three cycles, a band of crop straw in varying states of decomposition is formed deep in the soil, achieving full-field deep loosening and straw return. This technology organically combines no-tillage (minimum tillage) with deep loosening, breaking up the plow base and deepening the tillage layer while maintaining soil structure. It represents a new and efficient alternative to the deep plowing and deep loosening currently used in production.

Claims

1. A straw crushing and injection returning machine for saline-alkali land, comprising a front fixed frame (1) and a rear fixed frame (2), wherein a feeding area (3) is provided at the lower end of the front fixed frame (1), a telescopic plate (23) is provided at the lower end of the rear fixed frame (2), a protective side plate (24) is installed at the lower end of the telescopic plate (23), and a front turning roller (25) and a rear turning roller (26) are provided inside the protective side plate (24); the characteristics are: A feeding roller (8) is provided inside the feeding zone (3), a crushing roller (13) is provided at one end of the feeding zone (3) close to the rear fixed frame (2), a crushing zone (4) for concentratedly crushing straw is provided at one end of the feeding zone (3) close to the rear fixed frame (2), a feeding zone (5) and a collection zone (6) are provided at one end of the crushing zone (4) close to the rear fixed frame (2), the collection zone (6) is fixedly connected to the rear fixed frame (2), and a discharge zone (7) for discharging straw powder into a field ridge is installed inside the protective side plate (24).

2. The saline-alkali land straw crushing and injection returning machine according to claim 1, characterized in that: A guide plate (9) is fixedly installed inside the feed zone (3), two groups of feed rollers (8) are rotatably installed inside the feed zone (3), two groups of rotating rollers (10) are rotatably installed inside the feed zone (3), and conveyor belts (11) are provided on the outsides of the two groups of rotating rollers (10), and one end of the upper rotating roller (10) is fixedly connected to the output end of the driving motor (12) outside the feed zone (3).

3. The saline-alkali land straw crushing and injection returning machine according to claim 2, characterized in that: Two groups of crushing rollers (13) are installed in the crushing zone (4) so ​​as to rotate up and down. Meshing gears (14) are fixedly installed on the outer sides of the crushing rollers (13), and the upper and lower groups of the meshing gears (14) are meshed and connected. A pulley structure is provided on the outer sides of the crushing rollers (13) and the feed rollers (8), and a pulley structure is also provided between the two adjacent groups of the feed rollers (8) at the lower ends.

4. The saline-alkali land straw crushing and injection returning machine according to claim 3, characterized in that: A battery box (16) and a blower (17) are provided at the upper end of the crushing zone (4), and the battery box (16) is electrically connected to the blower (17) and the drive motor (12) respectively. A receiving plate (15) installed inside the lower end of the crushing zone (4) is provided with a hole groove for exhausting dust. The lower ends of the support rollers (28) provided outside the crushing zone (4), the feeding zone (3) and the gathering zone (6) are in the same horizontal plane.

5. The saline-alkali land straw crushing and injection returning machine according to claim 4, characterized in that: The discharge area (7) is located outside the lower end of the collection area (6), and two groups of rotating parts (18) are rotatably installed inside the discharge area (7). A seasoning plate (19) for adjusting the discharge of straw is fixedly installed outside the rotating parts (18), and the seasoning plate (19) is tilted inside the discharge area (7).

6. The saline-alkali land straw crushing and injection returning machine according to claim 5, characterized in that: A limiting member (20) is slidably mounted inside the rotating member (18), and one end of the limiting member (20) close to the discharge area (7) is located in a hole groove opened in the discharge area (7). A return spring (21) is fixedly mounted between the limiting member (20) and the rotating member (18).

7. The saline-alkali land straw crushing and injection machine according to claim 6, characterized in that: A soil dividing cone (29) is fixedly installed inside the protective side plate (24). The soil dividing cone (29) has an inverted "V"-shaped structure when viewed from above. The lower end surface of the soil dividing cone (29) is lower than the lower end surface of the discharge area (7), and the width of the soil dividing cone (29) is greater than the width of the discharge area (7).

8. The saline-alkali land straw crushing and injection returning machine according to claim 7, characterized in that: An auger roller assembly (27) for burying straw is fixedly mounted on the outer side of the protective side plate (24). The length of the auger roller in the auger roller assembly (27) is greater than the length of the soil dividing cone (29). The auger roller assembly (27) is located at the rear end of the forward direction of the discharge area (7). The rotating plates at both ends of the auger roller in the auger roller assembly (27) rotate in opposite directions.

9. The saline-alkali land straw crushing and injection returning machine according to claim 8, characterized in that: A hydraulic push rod (22) is fixedly installed between the rear fixing frame (2) and the protective side plate (24) to push the protective side plate (24) up and down. The hydraulic push rod (22) and the telescopic plate (23) are symmetrically arranged at the lower end of the rear fixing frame (2).

10. The deep burial treatment method for saline-alkali land by crushing straw and injecting it into a soil return machine according to claim 9, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: S1. Collect and process the straw in the field; S2. crushing the collected straw; S3. Use wind pressure to inject the crushed straw into the soil layer 20-25 cm below the surface. After injection, the straw is distributed in a strip shape with a width of 50-80 cm and a thickness of 0-15 cm.

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