A fungicide for preventing and controlling gray mold of Solanaceae
By using nano zinc as an active ingredient, the problem of prevention and treatment of ash mold in the Solanaceae family has been solved, effective inhibition of Botrytis ash, replaced chemical agents, and has the effect of efficient, low toxicity and promoting plant growth.
Patent Information
- Application Number
- CN202411901564.2
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Applications(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- Filing Date
- 2024-12-23
- Publication Date
- 2025-04-04
AI Technical Summary
The prior art is difficult to effectively prevent and treat Ash Mold from the Solanaceae family, and the use of chemical pesticides has problems of environmental pollution and pathogen resistance.
Nanozine is used as the active ingredient to prevent and control the Solanaceae crops through different dosage forms (such as suspension agents, aqueous emulsions, microemulsions, suspended emulsions and solution agents) and concentrations (20mg/L-100mg/L).
Nanozin exhibits a good inhibitory effect on Botrytis aceta, can effectively replace chemical agents, prevent and treat ash mold in the Solanaceae family, and has the effect of efficient, low toxicity and promoting plant growth.
Smart Images
Figure CN119744881A_ABST
Abstract
Description
Technical Field
[0001] The invention relates to the new application of nano zinc and the field of pharmaceutical preparations, and in particular to a fungicide for preventing and treating gray mold of Solanaceae. Background Art
[0002] Botrytis cinerea of the genus Grape in the subphylum Ascomycetes Botrytis cinerea ) is one of the most important diseases in the world. The fungus has a wide range of hosts and can infect more than 400 species of plants, including vegetables, fruits, flowers, etc., including Solanaceae crops. Infection can occur during storage and transportation after harvest, causing huge economic losses. Due to the lack of crop germplasm resources resistant to gray mold and the limitations of biological control, chemical control is still the most effective way to prevent and control gray mold.
[0003] As people pay more and more attention to issues such as ecological protection, environmental sustainable development, and pathogen resistance, the use of chemical pesticides to control gray mold will eventually be replaced by new, greener and safer control methods. Therefore, it is of great significance to find new and safe control measures for gray mold.
[0004] Zinc is an essential element in the growth and development of plants; nano zinc is a type of zinc-containing substance with a particle size of 1nm-100nm, which has many unique physical and chemical properties, such as high specific surface area, high reactivity, quantum size effect, surface effect, etc. It has antioxidant and adversity resistance, can promote crop growth and development, improve soil quality and increase crop yield and quality. Nano zinc has antibacterial and bactericidal effects and has been widely used in medical treatment, public health and disinfection. In agriculture, nano zinc has a good control effect on bacterial diseases, but the control effect on fungal diseases, especially gray mold, has not been reported. Summary of the invention
[0005] The purpose of the present invention is to provide a fungicide for preventing and treating gray mold of Solanaceae, wherein the active ingredient is nano zinc; nano zinc is expected to replace traditional chemical pesticides for preventing and treating gray mold of Solanaceae, improve crop quality while curing the disease, and be beneficial to food safety and environmental protection.
[0006] The present invention firstly provides the application of nano zinc or a fungicide with nano zinc as an active ingredient in preventing and controlling gray mold of Solanaceae crops.
[0007] In the above application, the Solanaceae crop is at least one of tomato, pepper, tobacco, eggplant and potato.
[0008] In the above application, the dosage form of the fungicide with nano zinc as the active ingredient is any one of the following: suspension, aqueous emulsion, microemulsion, suspoemulsion and soluble solution.
[0009] In the above application, the dosage form of the fungicide with nano zinc as the active ingredient is a soluble solution with a concentration of 20g / L-300g / L; specifically, 50g / L-100g / L, and more specifically, 60g / L.
[0010] In the above application, the composition of the soluble agent with nano zinc as the active ingredient includes the following raw materials: nano zinc, lauryl alcohol polyoxyethylene ether, silicone defoamer and water; Wherein, based on the total mass of the soluble agent, 2%-30% of nano zinc, 5%-15% of lauryl alcohol polyoxyethylene ether, 0.005%-0.05% of organosilicon defoaming agent, and the balance is water.
[0011] In the above application, the nano zinc or the fungicide with nano zinc as the active ingredient has a nano zinc concentration of 20 mg / L-100 mg / L, and can be specifically 60 mg / L.
[0012] In the above application, the pathogen of gray mold is Botrytis cinerea.
[0013] The invention also provides the use of nano zinc or a fungicide with nano zinc as an active ingredient in inhibiting the growth of Botrytis cinerea.
[0014] In the above application, the dosage form of the fungicide with nano zinc as the active ingredient is any one of the following: suspension, aqueous emulsion, microemulsion, suspoemulsion and soluble solution.
[0015] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following advantages: (1) Nano zinc is mostly used in the prevention and treatment of bacterial diseases in the agricultural field. The application of nano zinc to fungal diseases, especially Solanaceae gray mold, is reported for the first time in this invention, which expands the application field of nano zinc. (2) Nano zinc has a good inhibitory effect on Botrytis cinerea, which is comparable to the effect of common chemical agents on the market, and can completely replace chemical agents for the prevention and treatment of gray mold; (3) Nano zinc is highly efficient and low-toxic during use, and also has the function of promoting plant growth. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
[0016] Figure 1 The effect of different concentrations of nano zinc on the growth of Botrytis cinerea. DETAILED DESCRIPTION
[0017] The present invention is further described in detail below in conjunction with specific embodiments. The given examples are only for illustrating the present invention, rather than for limiting the scope of the present invention.
[0018] The experimental methods in the following examples are all conventional methods unless otherwise specified.
[0019] Unless otherwise specified, the materials and reagents used in the following examples can be obtained from commercial sources.
[0020] The Botrytis cinerea used in the following examples is described in the literature (Yong, D., Li, Y., Gong, K., et al. Biocontrol of strawberry gray mold caused by Botrytis cinerea associated with the term Streptomyces sp. sdu1201 and actinomycin D. Frontiers in Microbiology , 2022, 13, 1051730.), the public can obtain it from the applicant (i.e., Qingdao Zhongda Agricultural Technology Co., Ltd.), and the above biological materials are only used to repeat the relevant experiments of the present invention and cannot be used for other purposes.
[0021] The preparation method of the 6% nano zinc soluble solution used in the following examples is as follows: 6wt% nano zinc, 10wt% lauryl alcohol polyoxyethylene ether, 0.01wt% organosilicon defoamer (Guangdong Fangzhong High-tech Materials Co., Ltd.) and water are mixed evenly to obtain a 6% nano zinc soluble solution, wherein water is supplemented to 100wt%.
[0022] Example 1: Nano-zinc inhibits the growth of Botrytis cinerea mycelium EC 50 Determination of value (1) Activation and cultivation of Botrytis cinerea, the pathogen of gray mold in Solanaceae crops Take out the preserved Botrytis cinerea (Yong, D., Li, Y., Gong, K., et al. Biocontrol of strawberry gray mold caused by Botrytis cinerea associated with the term Streptomyces sp. sdu1201 and actinomycin D. Frontiers in Microbiology , 2022, 13, 1051730.), inoculate the bacterial cake on fresh potato dextrose agar (PDA) medium under sterile conditions, and culture in a constant temperature incubator at 25°C in the dark for 3 days for later use.
[0023] (2) Preparation of culture medium containing different drug concentrations - mycelial growth rate method The nano zinc stock solution (6% nano zinc soluble solution, i.e., its concentration is 60g / L) was diluted 300 times (200mg / L), 1500 times (40mg / L), 3000 times (20mg / L), 6000 times (10mg / L), and 12000 times (5mg / L) by the doubling dilution method. First, 5mL of nano zinc stock solution (6% nano zinc soluble solution) was diluted 10 times with sterilized water, and 5mL was added to 145mL PDA medium to prepare a 300-fold diluted mixture, and then 60mL was poured into 3 9cm dishes to cool, and 20mL of the remaining 30mL was added to 80mL PDA medium, and 60mL was poured into 3 9cm dishes to cool, and the doubling gradient dilution method was followed. Drug-containing plates with different final concentrations were obtained.
[0024] (3) Botrytis cinerea plate confrontation The PDA medium containing the above-mentioned concentration of nano-zinc was inoculated with 5 mm Botrytis cinerea cakes (select an area equidistant from the center of the pathogen plate and evenly make cakes to make 5 mm Botrytis cinerea cakes), and cultured in a constant temperature incubator at 25°C until the mycelium of the blank control group filled the culture dish (see the results). Figure 1 The diameter of mycelial growth was measured by the cross method. The inhibition rate was calculated according to the formula. The natural logarithm of the concentration of the agent was used as the horizontal axis (x), and the inhibition rate of the agent on the growth of the strain was used as the vertical axis (y). The toxicity regression equation and correlation coefficient (R 2 ) and effectively inhibited the concentration of EC 50 value.
[0025] Inhibition rate (%) = (control group diameter - test group diameter / control group diameter - bacterial cake diameter) × 100 The test results are shown in Table 1.
[0026] Table 1 The inhibitory effect of nano zinc on tomato gray mold
[0027] The toxicity equation obtained from Table 1 is y = 2.4963x + 2.8492, and the correlation coefficient R 2 is 0.9718, and the calculated EC 50 The value is 8.62mg / L.
[0028] Example 2: Experiment on the inhibition of tomato gray mold infection by nano zinc (1) Selection of experimental tomato leaves Tomato leaves 4 to 5 weeks old, growing in the same position after transplantation were placed in a 90 mm culture dish. Three layers of wet absorbent paper were placed in the culture dish to keep it moist. Three tomato leaves were placed in each culture dish. Five culture dishes were repeated for each treatment. The preparation of the pathogen of gray mold of Solanaceae was the same as step (1) of Example 1.
[0029] (2) Effect of Nano-Zinc on Botrytis cinerea of Detached Tomato Leaves Control agent: 43% procymidone suspension (Sumitomo Chemical Co., Ltd., Japan), used at a multiple of 800× Test reagent: 6% nano zinc soluble solution (homemade), used at a multiple of 1000× The experiment set up three treatments: ① Blank control: Botrytis cinerea, spray water on tomato leaves until droplets flow down, dry naturally, and then inoculate Botrytis cinerea cake (select an area equidistant from the center of the pathogen plate and evenly beat the cake to make a 5mm Botrytis cinerea cake). ② Control agent: Spray 43% procymidone suspension on tomato leaves until droplets flow down, dry naturally, and then inoculate Botrytis cinerea cake. The rest of the treatments are the same as above. ③ Test agent: Spray 6% nano zinc soluble solution on tomato leaves until droplets flow down, dry naturally, and then inoculate Botrytis cinerea cake, and the rest of the treatments are the same as above.
[0030] (3) Place each treatment culture dish in an incubator at 28°C for incubation. Observe the disease condition of the leaves 3 days after treatment, measure the diameter of the lesions, and calculate the control effect.
[0031] Prevention effect (%) = (lesion area of control group - lesion area of treatment group) / lesion area of control group × 100 The test was repeated three times and the results are shown in Table 2.
[0032] Table 2 Results of nano zinc inhibiting the infection of tomato gray mold leaves
[0033] As shown in Table 2, after the tomato leaves were inoculated with the gray mold pathogen and cultured for 3 days, the lesion area of the tomato leaves treated with clean water reached 8.65, and the lesion area of the leaves treated with procymidone was 2.38, with a control efficiency of 72.49%. The lesion area of the leaves treated with nano zinc soluble solution was only 1.45, and the control efficiency was significantly improved compared with procymidone, reaching 83.24%. This proves that nano zinc soluble solution has good application value as a fungicide for tomato gray mold.
[0034] Example 3: Field bioassay of nano zinc against tomato gray mold Control agent: 43% procymidone suspension (Sumitomo Chemical Co., Ltd., Japan), used at a multiple of 800× Test reagent: 6% nano zinc soluble solution (homemade), used at a multiple of 1000× The test site was selected from a tomato gray mold disease area in Shisan Village, Mengzi City, Honghe District, Yunnan Province. Using the 5-point sampling method, 90 diseased plants were selected in 5 areas, and each area was divided into three groups, with 30 plants in each group. The first group was sprayed with water, the second group was sprayed with procymidone suspension, and the third group was sprayed with nano zinc soluble solution. The above treatments were all sprayed until droplets flowed down, and the disease index was tested after 7 days.
[0035] Prevention effect (%) = (disease index of control group - disease index of treatment group) / disease index of control group × 100 The test results are shown in Table 3.
[0036] Table 3 Field efficacy of nano zinc against tomato gray mold
[0037] As shown in Table 3, the average disease index of the three treatment groups in the five regions before the experiment was consistent. After 7 days of experimental treatment, the three groups showed significant differences. The disease index of the group treated with clean water increased significantly, while the disease index of the group treated with spraying fungicides was effectively controlled. Among them, the treatment with spraying nano zinc soluble solution was better than that with spraying procymidone, and its control effect could reach 87.60%, which was 9.66% higher than that of procymidone. It can be seen that nano zinc soluble solution can effectively control the occurrence and spread of tomato gray mold and can be used as a new safe and effective gray mold fungicide.
[0038] Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention, rather than to limit it. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the aforementioned embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that they can still modify the technical solutions described in the aforementioned embodiments, or replace some or all of the technical features therein with equivalents. However, these modifications or replacements do not cause the essence of the corresponding technical solutions to deviate from the scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention.
Claims
1. Application of nano zinc or fungicides with nano zinc as active ingredient in the prevention and treatment of gray mold disease in Solanaceae crops.
2. The use according to claim 1, characterized in that: The Solanaceae crop is at least one of tomato, pepper, tobacco, eggplant and potato.
3. The use according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that: The dosage form of the bactericide with nano zinc as the active ingredient is any one of the following: suspension, aqueous emulsion, microemulsion, suspoemulsion and soluble solution.
4. The use according to claim 3, characterized in that: The dosage form of the fungicide with nano zinc as the active ingredient is a soluble solution with a concentration of 20g / L-300g / L.
5. The use according to claim 4, characterized in that: The dosage form of the fungicide with nano zinc as the active ingredient is a soluble solution with a concentration of 50g / L-100g / L.
6. The use according to any one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that: The nano zinc or the fungicide with nano zinc as an active ingredient has a nano zinc concentration of 20 mg / L-100 mg / L when used.
7. The use according to claim 6, characterized in that: The nano zinc or the fungicide with nano zinc as an active ingredient has a nano zinc concentration of 60 mg / L when used.
8. The use according to any one of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that: The pathogen of gray mold is Botrytis cinerea.
9. Application of nano zinc or fungicides with nano zinc as active ingredient in inhibiting the growth of Botrytis cinerea.
10. The use according to claim 9, characterized in that: The dosage form of the bactericide with nano zinc as the active ingredient is any one of the following: suspension, aqueous emulsion, microemulsion, suspoemulsion and soluble solution.