A memory alloy epiphyseal distraction plate and its matching distraction forceps

Abstract

The invention discloses a memory alloy epiphyseal distraction plate and its matching distraction pliers, comprising a distraction plate body, wherein the distraction plate body comprises a distraction plate fixing plate and a distraction plate connecting rod, wherein two distraction plate fixing plates are provided, both of which are provided with screw holes, and the two distraction plate fixing plates are connected by two distraction plate connecting rods; when the two distraction plate fixing plates are pressed and approached, the two distraction plate connecting rods are compressed; after being inserted into the epiphyseal plate position, the two distraction plate connecting rods are gradually stretched and restored to a shape; the matching distraction pliers are used for distracting the distraction plate connecting rods to make the distraction plate fixing plate in a compressed state; the memory alloy epiphyseal distraction plate of the invention can slowly release distraction force, stimulate epiphyseal plate growth, improve bone deformity, and thus achieve the purpose of correction; for limb length inequality or limb angular deformity within 2 cm, the deformity can be corrected by minimally invasive surgery technology of inserting a distraction plate, with small trauma, fast recovery of the child, no delay in schooling, and saving time cost and economic resources.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of medical instruments, in particular to a memory alloy epiphyseal distraction plate and a matching distraction forceps thereof. Background Art

[0002] The development of human skeleton is mainly divided into two processes, namely intramembranous ossification and endochondral ossification. The former is involved in the growth of skull bones and facial skull bones, while the latter is essential for the growth of axial and long bones of the human body. Bone growth is driven by the elongation of long bones caused by cartilage formation in the epiphyseal plate (also called epiphyseal plate). The epiphyseal plate is located between the epiphysis and the metaphysis and consists of three zones (resting zone, proliferative zone and hypertrophic zone). Each zone contains various chondrocytes at different stages of differentiation, which together promote bone growth through the proliferation and differentiation of chondrocytes, calcification of the hypertrophic zone, and invasion and differentiation of osteoblasts.

[0003] Physiologically, as children's bones grow and develop, the epiphyseal plate gradually closes after puberty. However, some other factors, such as infection, trauma, tumors, and abnormal endocrine bone metabolism, can affect the development of the epiphyseal plate, leading to varus and valgus deformities, angular deformities, and limb length inequality. When a pathological epiphyseal plate or epiphyseal plate injury occurs, conservative treatment is ineffective and often requires surgical treatment.

[0004] At present, the commonly used surgical methods for skeletal deformities caused by abnormal epiphyseal plates include osteotomy, epiphyseal block, and external fixation technology. Osteotomy is highly traumatic and causes a lot of bleeding. There are also complications such as wound infection, dehiscence, vascular and nerve damage, and non-union. Epiphyseal block combines the biomechanical characteristics to inhibit the growth of one epiphyseal plate through internal fixation, while retaining the normal growth of the contralateral epiphyseal plate, thereby correcting skeletal deformities. However, there is a risk of affecting the length of the lower limbs. In addition, epiphyseal block through epiphyseal screws carries the risk of epiphyseal bone bridges and premature epiphyseal closure.

[0005] At present, external fixation technology is used for limb lengthening or correction. External fixation has the risk of pin tract infection, which may lead to osteomyelitis in severe cases. It may also affect joint movement and cause joint flexion or extension contracture, which is difficult for children to tolerate. The use of screws for epiphyseal block may damage the epiphyseal plate and cause epiphyseal bone bridge. The use of eight-shaped steel plates for internal fixation for semi-epiphyseal block may affect the length of the lower limb of the affected limb because the growth of the epiphyseal plate is blocked. Summary of the invention

[0006] The purpose of the present invention is to provide a memory alloy epiphyseal distraction plate and its matching distraction forceps to solve the problems existing in the above-mentioned prior art. It is a built-in fixed structure with stable structure and low infection risk. It can slowly release the distraction force, stimulate the growth of the epiphysis, improve bone deformity, and thus achieve the purpose of correction.

[0007] To achieve the above object, the present invention provides the following solutions:

[0008] The present invention provides a memory alloy epiphyseal distraction plate, comprising a distraction plate body made of shape memory alloy, wherein the distraction plate body comprises a distraction plate fixing plate and a distraction plate connecting rod, wherein two distraction plate fixing plates are provided, both of which are provided with screw holes, and the two distraction plate fixing plates are connected by two distraction plate connecting rods; when the two distraction plate fixing plates are pressed close to each other, the two distraction plate connecting rods are compressed; after being placed in the epiphyseal plate position, the two distraction plate connecting rods are gradually stretched to restore the shape.

[0009] Preferably, the tensioning plate body is made of nickel-titanium alloy and is integrally formed.

[0010] Preferably, the two tensioning plate fixing plates are symmetrically arranged, and the two screw holes are symmetrically arranged.

[0011] Preferably, the two tension plate connecting rods are symmetrically arranged.

[0012] Preferably, the two tension plate fixing plates are circular.

[0013] Preferably, in the compressed state, the tension plate connecting rod is V-shaped.

[0014] The present invention also provides a pair of distraction pliers for a memory alloy epiphyseal distraction plate, which is applied to the above-mentioned memory alloy epiphyseal distraction plate and is characterized in that it includes a distraction pliers body, the distraction pliers body includes a first pliers arm and a second pliers arm hinged at the front end by a pin shaft, the first pliers arm and the second pliers arm at the front end of the pin shaft constitute a distraction head, and the first pliers arm and the second pliers arm at the rear end of the pin shaft constitute a distraction handle, and a reset spring is connected between the distraction handles.

[0015] It also includes a locking mechanism, which includes a screw and a locking nut. One end of the screw is hingedly connected to the open handle end of the first clamp arm, and the other end of the screw passes through a strip hole on the open handle end of the second clamp arm. The screw is provided with a locking nut on the rod body outside the second clamp arm.

[0016] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has achieved the following technical effects:

[0017] The memory alloy epiphyseal distraction plate of the present invention can slowly release the traction force, stimulate the growth of the epiphyseal plate, improve the bone deformity, and thus achieve the purpose of correction; for limb length inequality or limb angular deformity within 2 cm, the deformity can be corrected by minimally invasive surgery technology of inserting the memory alloy epiphyseal distraction plate, with little trauma, fast recovery of the child, no delay in schooling, and saving time cost and economic resources. In addition, the memory alloy epiphyseal distraction plate of the present invention is a screw and steel plate structure, which has the advantages of being fixed and stable and not easy to shift. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0018] In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings required for use in the embodiments will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without paying creative work.

[0019] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of the memory alloy epiphyseal distraction plate in the extended state of the present invention;

[0020] Figure 2 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of the memory alloy epiphyseal distraction plate in the present invention under compression;

[0021] Figure 3 It is a structural schematic diagram of the memory alloy epiphyseal distraction plate and its matching distraction forceps in the present invention;

[0022] Figure 4 It is a schematic diagram of the state change of the sagittal plane angle of the epiphyseal plate when the memory alloy epiphyseal distraction plate is placed in the present invention;

[0023] Figure 5 It is a schematic diagram of the state change of the coronal plane angle after the memory alloy epiphyseal distraction plate is placed into the epiphyseal plate in the present invention;

[0024] Figure 6 This is a morphological comparison diagram of the epiphyseal plate before and after the correction by stretching in the present invention;

[0025] In the figure: 1, the tensioning plate body; 11, the tensioning plate fixing plate; 12, the tensioning plate connecting rod; 13, the screw hole; 14, the screw;

[0026] 2. Spread the pliers body; 21. The first pliers arm; 22. The second pliers arm; 23. Spread the head; 24. Spread the handle; 25. The reset spring; 26. The screw rod; 27. The locking nut. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0027] The following will be combined with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention to clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0028] The purpose of the present invention is to provide a memory alloy epiphyseal distraction plate and a matching distraction forceps to solve the problems existing in the prior art.

[0029] In order to make the above-mentioned objects, features and advantages of the present invention more obvious and easy to understand, the present invention is further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.

[0030] The memory alloy epiphyseal distraction plate in this embodiment is as follows: Figure 1-Figure 2 As shown, the distraction plate body 1 is made of shape memory alloy, and the distraction plate body 1 includes a distraction plate fixing plate 11 and a distraction plate connecting rod 12. Two distraction plate fixing plates 11 are provided, and screw holes 13 are provided on the two distraction plate fixing plates 11. The two distraction plate fixing plates 11 are connected by two distraction plate connecting rods 12; when the two distraction plate fixing plates 11 are pressed and approached, the two distraction plate connecting rods 12 are compressed; after being placed in the epiphyseal plate position, the two distraction plate connecting rods 12 gradually stretch and restore their shape.

[0031] In this specific embodiment, the tensioning plate body 1 is made of nickel-titanium alloy and is integrally formed.

[0032] In this specific embodiment, the two tension plate fixing plates 11 are symmetrically arranged, and the two screw holes 13 are symmetrically arranged.

[0033] In this specific embodiment, the two tension plate connecting rods 12 are symmetrically arranged.

[0034] In this specific embodiment, the two tension plate fixing plates 11 are circular.

[0035] In this specific embodiment, in the compressed state, the tension plate connecting rod 12 is V-shaped.

[0036] like Figure 3 As shown, the present embodiment also includes a memory alloy epiphyseal distraction plate supporting distraction pliers used in conjunction with the memory alloy epiphyseal distraction plate, including a distraction pliers body 2, the distraction pliers body 2 includes a first clamp arm 21 and a second clamp arm 22 hingedly connected at the front end by a pin shaft, the first clamp arm 21 and the second clamp arm 22 at the front end of the pin shaft constitute a distraction head 23, the first clamp arm 21 and the second clamp arm 22 at the rear end of the pin shaft constitute a distraction handle 24, and a reset spring 25 is connected between the distraction handles 24. It also includes a locking mechanism, the locking mechanism includes a screw rod 26 and a locking nut 27, one end of the screw rod 26 is hingedly connected to the distraction handle 24 end of the first clamp arm 21, the other end of the screw rod 26 passes through a strip hole on the distraction handle 24 end of the second clamp arm 22, and the screw rod 26 is provided with a locking nut 27 on the rod body outside the second clamp arm 22.

[0037] When in use, the expanded end of the expanding pliers body 2 is placed between the two tensioning plate connecting rods 12. When the expanding handle 24 end of the expanding pliers is pressed together, the expanding head 23 of the expanding pliers is opened, so that the two tensioning plate connecting rods 12 gradually move away from each other, and then the two tensioning plate fixing plates 11 gradually approach each other, so that the entire tensioning plate body 1 becomes a compressed state. At this time, the reset spring 25 generates a reverse elastic force, and when the locking nut 27 on the screw rod 26 is tightened along the rod body, a force opposite to that of the spring sheet is generated. The interaction between the screw rod 26 and the locking nut 27 realizes the locking between the gripping ends of the two pliers arms, so that it remains in the current working state unchanged.

[0038] The memory alloy epiphyseal distraction plate of the present invention has the following working principle:

[0039] The tension plate body 1 is made of nickel-titanium alloy material and is compressed by low temperature treatment. Nickel-titanium alloy material is a shape memory alloy, which is an alloy that can self-shape, that is, it can automatically return to its original shape at a certain temperature and has good plasticity.

[0040] In this embodiment, the low temperature is 0-4°C. When in this temperature range, the stretching board body 1 is stretched to a compressed state. The stretching board body 1 recovers to its original deformation temperature of 30-35°C. After being placed in the human body, the stretching board body 1 recovers to a stable open state.

[0041] like Figure 4-Figure 6 As shown, the compressed state is the state when the screw 14 is fixed and the distraction plate connecting rod 12 is compressed and inserted, and the open state is the state in which the shape is gradually restored after the memory alloy distraction plate connecting rods 12 on both sides are inserted. The memory alloy epiphyseal distraction plate and its matching distraction clamp of the present invention are compressed into a suitable angle for insertion, and slowly open and restore the shape to a stable state after insertion, driving the distraction of the inserted epiphyseal plate to promote the gradual growth of one side of the long bone; through the guided growth technology of the distraction plate connecting rod 12, the long bone epiphyseal plate is gradually increased, the bone deformity is improved, and the purpose of correction is achieved.

[0042] The present invention uses specific examples to illustrate the principles and implementation methods of the present invention. The above examples are only used to help understand the method and core ideas of the present invention. At the same time, for those skilled in the art, according to the ideas of the present invention, there will be changes in the specific implementation methods and application scope. In summary, the content of this specification should not be understood as limiting the present invention.

Claims

1. A memory alloy epiphyseal distraction plate, characterized in that: It includes a distraction plate body made of shape memory alloy, the distraction plate body includes a distraction plate fixing plate and a distraction plate connecting rod, two distraction plate fixing plates are provided, screw holes are provided on the two distraction plate fixing plates, and the two distraction plate fixing plates are connected by two distraction plate connecting rods; when the two distraction plate fixing plates are pressed close to each other, the two distraction plate connecting rods are compressed; after being placed in the epiphyseal plate position, the two distraction plate connecting rods gradually stretch to restore the shape.

2. The memory alloy epiphyseal distraction plate according to claim 1, characterized in that: The stretching plate body is made of nickel-titanium alloy and is integrally formed.

3. The memory alloy epiphyseal distraction plate according to claim 1, characterized in that: The two tension plate fixing plates are symmetrically arranged, and the two screw holes are symmetrically arranged.

4. The memory alloy epiphyseal distraction plate according to claim 1, characterized in that: The two tension plate connecting rods are symmetrically arranged.

5. The memory alloy epiphyseal distraction plate according to claim 1, characterized in that: The two tension plate fixing plates are circular.

6. The memory alloy epiphyseal distraction plate according to claim 1, characterized in that: In the compressed state, the tension plate connecting rod is V-shaped.

7. A memory alloy epiphyseal distraction plate supporting distraction forceps, applied to the memory alloy epiphyseal distraction plate according to any one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that: The utility model comprises a spreading pliers body, wherein the spreading pliers body comprises a first pliers arm and a second pliers arm hinged at the front end by a pin shaft, the first pliers arm and the second pliers arm at the front end of the pin shaft constitute a spreading head, and the first pliers arm and the second pliers arm at the rear end of the pin shaft constitute a spreading handle, and a reset spring is connected between the spreading handles.

8. The memory alloy epiphyseal distraction plate supporting distraction forceps according to claim 7, characterized in that: It also includes a locking mechanism, which includes a screw and a locking nut. One end of the screw is hingedly connected to the open handle end of the first clamp arm, and the other end of the screw passes through a strip hole on the open handle end of the second clamp arm. The screw is provided with a locking nut on the rod body outside the second clamp arm.

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