A bio-organic fertilizer for increasing the oil content of flue-cured tobacco and its preparation and application method

Abstract

The present invention discloses a bio-organic fertilizer for increasing the oil content of flue-cured tobacco and a preparation and application method, and belongs to the technical field of tobacco planting. The bio-organic fertilizer includes decomposed materials of livestock and poultry manure, fermented cake fertilizer, decomposed kitchen waste, amino acid raw powder and composite bacterial agent; the composite bacterial agent includes Bacillus Velez and Bacillus subtilis. The bio-organic fertilizer provided by the present invention is added with organic functional components such as amino acids and fatty acids that increase the oil content of tobacco leaves, which can significantly increase the oil content of tobacco leaves and improve the quality of tobacco leaves; the bio-organic fertilizer can also significantly increase the organic matter content in the soil and optimize the soil structure; in addition, the bio-organic fertilizer contains a variety of beneficial microorganisms, which can not only promote the growth of tobacco leaves, but also inhibit the reproduction of pathogens in the soil, reduce the incidence of tobacco leaf diseases, and effectively improve the yield and quality of tobacco leaves.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention belongs to the technical field of tobacco planting, and more specifically relates to a biological organic fertilizer for improving the oil content of flue-cured tobacco and a preparation and application method thereof. Background Art

[0002] The oil content of tobacco leaves is closely related to their elasticity, toughness, hygroscopicity, maturity, physical and chemical properties, and smoke quality, and is the primary factor affecting the sensory evaluation of tobacco leaves. Tobacco leaves with high oil content usually have better aroma quality, less impurities, and a purer and more comfortable aftertaste. Studies have shown that organic nutrients such as amino acids, fatty acids, and organic acids have a significant effect on increasing the oil content of tobacco leaves, which helps to improve the quality and aroma of tobacco leaves.

[0003] Bio-organic fertilizers can significantly increase the organic matter content in the soil and optimize the soil structure, creating an excellent soil environment for the growth of tobacco leaves. In addition, this type of fertilizer contains a variety of beneficial microorganisms, which can not only promote the transformation and release of nutrients in the soil, but also promote the growth of tobacco leaves, inhibit the reproduction of pathogens in the soil, reduce the incidence of tobacco leaf diseases, and improve the yield and quality of tobacco leaves. Based on this, bio-organic fertilizers have become a common fertilizer for improving tobacco leaf yield and quality.

[0004] However, the existing bio-organic fertilizers do not have a significant effect on increasing the oil content of tobacco leaves, which in turn leads to a decline in tobacco leaf quality. In addition, the growth-promoting and disease-suppressing effects of the existing bio-organic fertilizers are not ideal, and they cannot effectively increase the yield and quality of tobacco leaves. Therefore, it is particularly important to develop a bio-organic fertilizer that can increase the oil content of tobacco leaves and has the functions of promoting growth and inhibiting diseases. Summary of the invention

[0005] The purpose of the present invention is to provide a bio-organic fertilizer for improving the oil content of flue-cured tobacco and a preparation and application method thereof, so as to solve the problems existing in the above-mentioned prior art, effectively improve the oil content of tobacco leaves, and significantly improve the yield and quality of tobacco leaves.

[0006] To achieve the above object, the present invention provides the following solutions:

[0007] One of the technical solutions of the present invention is to provide a bio-organic fertilizer for improving the oil content of flue-cured tobacco, comprising the following components in parts by weight:

[0008] 42-60 parts of decomposed livestock and poultry manure, 15-20 parts of fermented cake fertilizer, 20-30 parts of decomposed kitchen waste, 5-8 parts of amino acid raw powder and 0.2-0.3 parts of compound bacterial agent;

[0009] The composite bacterial agent comprises Bacillus Velez and Bacillus subtilis, and the mass ratio of Bacillus Velez and Bacillus subtilis is 1:5-6.

[0010] Amino acids, fatty acids and other organic nutrients have a significant effect on increasing the oil content of tobacco leaves. The bio-organic fertilizer for increasing the oil content of flue-cured tobacco provided by the present invention adds organic functional ingredients such as amino acids and fatty acids that increase the oil content of tobacco leaves, which can significantly increase the oil content of tobacco leaves and improve the quality of tobacco leaves. The bio-organic fertilizer can also significantly increase the organic matter content in the soil and optimize the soil structure, creating an excellent soil environment for the growth of tobacco leaves. In addition, the provided bio-organic fertilizer contains a variety of beneficial microorganisms, which can not only promote the conversion and release of nutrients in the soil, but also promote the growth of tobacco leaves, inhibit the reproduction of pathogens in the soil, reduce the incidence of tobacco leaf diseases, and thus improve the yield and quality of tobacco leaves, and obtain high-quality flue-cured tobacco products. The specific mechanism is as follows:

[0011] Proteins, fats and other substances in bio-organic fertilizers are decomposed by microorganisms to obtain organic functional components such as amino acids and fatty acids that increase the oil content of tobacco leaves, thereby improving the quality of tobacco leaves. Bacillus subtilis in bio-organic fertilizers can promote the degradation of organic matter, inhibit the growth of pathogens, promote plant growth, and improve soil quality; Bacillus Velez can effectively control the occurrence and development of tobacco diseases such as bacterial wilt and brown star disease, enhance the disease resistance of tobacco leaves, promote the growth of tobacco leaves, and increase tobacco leaf yields. The decomposed materials of livestock and poultry manure, fermented cake fertilizer and compound bacterial agents in bio-organic fertilizers synergistically provide a variety of beneficial microorganisms, which can significantly increase the organic matter content in the soil, promote tobacco leaf growth, and at the same time play an antibacterial role, reduce the incidence of tobacco leaf diseases, and thus increase tobacco leaf yield and quality.

[0012] Preferably, the decomposed livestock and poultry manure material is a commercially available product, and the product quality meets the industry standard NY / T525-2021 "Organic Fertilizer".

[0013] Preferably, the fermented cake fertilizer includes fermented rapeseed cake fertilizer, fermented soybean cake fertilizer or fermented peanut cake fertilizer, and the crude fat content in the fermented cake fertilizer is ≥5wt%.

[0014] Preferably, the crude fat content in the decomposed kitchen waste is ≥ 15wt%.

[0015] Furthermore, the preparation of the decomposed kitchen waste includes the following steps:.

[0016] Preferably, the amino acid content in the amino acid raw powder is ≥35wt%.

[0017] Preferably, the number of effective live bacteria in the composite bacterial agent is ≥ 40 billion / g.

[0018] The bio-organic fertilizer obtained by the present invention complies with the industry standard NY 884-2012 "Bio-organic fertilizer".

[0019] The second technical solution of the present invention is to provide a method for preparing the bio-organic fertilizer for improving the oil content of flue-cured tobacco, comprising the following steps:

[0020] The components are mixed according to their dosage to obtain the biological organic fertilizer.

[0021] The third technical solution of the present invention is to provide the application of the bio-organic fertilizer for improving the oil content of flue-cured tobacco in tobacco planting.

[0022] The fourth technical solution of the present invention is to provide a method for applying the bio-organic fertilizer for improving the oil content of flue-cured tobacco, comprising the following steps:

[0023] The bio-organic fertilizer for improving the oil content of flue-cured tobacco is applied before ridging, with an application amount of 100-150 kg / mu.

[0024] A fifth technical solution of the present invention is to provide a method for increasing the oil content of flue-cured tobacco, wherein the bio-organic fertilizer for increasing the oil content of flue-cured tobacco is applied during tobacco planting.

[0025] The present invention discloses the following technical effects:

[0026] The bio-organic fertilizer for improving the oil content of flue-cured tobacco provided by the present invention is added with organic functional components such as amino acids and fatty acids that improve the oil content of tobacco leaves, which can significantly increase the oil content of tobacco leaves, improve the quality of tobacco leaves, and ensure the acquisition of flue-cured tobacco products with excellent quality. At the same time, the fertilizer is added with functional bacterial agents that promote growth and inhibit diseases, wherein Bacillus subtilis can promote the degradation of organic matter, inhibit the growth of pathogenic bacteria, promote plant growth, and improve soil quality; Bacillus Velez can effectively control the occurrence and development of tobacco bacterial wilt, brown spot disease and other diseases, enhance the disease resistance of tobacco leaves, promote the growth of tobacco leaves, and increase the yield of tobacco leaves. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0027] Various exemplary embodiments of the present invention will now be described in detail. This detailed description should not be considered as limiting the present invention, but should be understood as a more detailed description of certain aspects, features, and embodiments of the present invention.

[0028] It should be understood that the terms described in the present invention are only for describing a particular embodiment and are not intended to limit the present invention. In addition, for the numerical range in the present invention, it should be understood that each intermediate value between the upper and lower limits of the scope is also specifically disclosed. The intermediate value in any stated value or stated range, and each smaller range between any other stated value or intermediate value in the described range is also included in the present invention. The upper and lower limits of these smaller ranges can be independently included or excluded in the scope.

[0029] Unless otherwise indicated, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meanings as those generally understood by those skilled in the art. Although the present invention describes only preferred methods and materials, any methods and materials similar or equivalent to those described herein may also be used in the implementation or testing of the present invention. All documents mentioned in this specification are incorporated by reference to disclose and describe the methods and / or materials associated with the documents. In the event of a conflict with any incorporated document, the content of this specification shall prevail.

[0030] It will be apparent to those skilled in the art that various modifications and variations may be made to the specific embodiments of the present invention description without departing from the scope or spirit of the present invention. Other embodiments derived from the present invention description will be apparent to those skilled in the art. The present invention description and examples are exemplary only.

[0031] The words “include,” “including,” “have,” “contain,” etc. used in this document are open-ended terms, meaning including but not limited to.

[0032] Bacillus velezensis and Bacillus subtilis used in the following examples and comparative examples were purchased from China Agricultural Microbiological Culture Collection Center, with strain numbers ACCC60130 and ACCC62258, respectively.

[0033] The decomposed livestock and poultry manure materials used in the embodiments of the present invention and the comparative examples were purchased from Hubei Lvdao Agricultural Development Co., Ltd.; the fermented cake fertilizer used was purchased from Hubei Xiangqing Fertilizer Co., Ltd.; the decomposed kitchen waste used was purchased from Beijing Jiabowen Biotechnology Co., Ltd., and the crude fat content of the decomposed kitchen waste was ≥15wt%; the amino acid raw powder used was purchased from Dezhou Xineng Chemical Co., Ltd.

[0034] Unless otherwise specified, other raw materials used in the examples and comparative examples of the present invention are commercially available products.

[0035] Example 1

[0036] This embodiment provides a bio-organic fertilizer for increasing the oil content of flue-cured tobacco, which is specifically as follows:

[0037] The raw materials and their amounts are as follows: 50 parts of decomposed livestock and poultry manure, 17 parts of fermented cake fertilizer with a crude fat content of 10wt%, 26 parts of decomposed kitchen waste with a crude fat content of 17wt%, 6.8 parts of amino acid raw powder with an amino acid content of 35wt%, and 0.2 parts of a composite bacterial agent (Bacillus Velez and Bacillus subtilis in a mass ratio of 1:5); wherein the effective viable bacterial count of the composite bacterial agent is 46.3 billion / g;

[0038] Preparation steps:

[0039] The above raw materials are mixed in proportion, sieved and packaged to obtain biological organic fertilizer.

[0040] Example 2

[0041] This embodiment provides a bio-organic fertilizer for increasing the oil content of flue-cured tobacco, which is specifically as follows:

[0042] The raw materials and their amounts are as follows: 48 parts of decomposed livestock and poultry manure, 20 parts of fermented cake fertilizer with a crude fat content of 15wt%, 24 parts of decomposed kitchen waste with a crude fat content of 15wt%, 7.7 parts of amino acid raw powder with an amino acid content of 40wt%, and 0.3 parts of a composite bacterial agent (Bacillus Velez and Bacillus subtilis in a mass ratio of 1:6); wherein the effective viable bacterial count of the composite bacterial agent is 48.1 billion / g;

[0043] Preparation steps:

[0044] The above raw materials are mixed in proportion, sieved and packaged to obtain biological organic fertilizer.

[0045] Example 3

[0046] This embodiment provides a bio-organic fertilizer for increasing the oil content of flue-cured tobacco, which is specifically as follows:

[0047] The raw materials and their amounts are as follows: 53 parts of decomposed livestock and poultry manure, 13 parts of fermented cake fertilizer with a crude fat content of 5wt%, 28 parts of decomposed kitchen waste with a crude fat content of 15wt%, 5.8 parts of amino acid raw powder with an amino acid content of 35wt%, and 0.2 parts of a composite bacterial agent (Bacillus Velez and Bacillus subtilis in a mass ratio of 1:5.5); wherein the effective viable bacteria count of the composite bacterial agent is 40 billion / g;

[0048] Preparation steps:

[0049] The above raw materials are mixed in proportion, sieved and packaged to obtain biological organic fertilizer.

[0050] Example 4

[0051] This embodiment provides a bio-organic fertilizer for increasing the oil content of flue-cured tobacco, which is specifically as follows:

[0052] The raw materials and their amounts are as follows: 55 parts of decomposed livestock and poultry manure, 14 parts of fermented cake fertilizer with a crude fat content of 20wt%, 25 parts of decomposed kitchen waste with a crude fat content of 17wt%, 5.7 parts of amino acid raw powder with an amino acid content of 35wt%, and 0.3 parts of a composite bacterial agent (Bacillus Velez and Bacillus subtilis in a mass ratio of 1:5); wherein the effective viable bacterial count of the composite bacterial agent is 45 billion / g;

[0053] Preparation steps:

[0054] The above raw materials are mixed in proportion, sieved and packaged to obtain biological organic fertilizer.

[0055] After testing, the bio-organic fertilizers prepared in Examples 1 to 4 all meet the industry standard NY 884-2012 "Bio-organic fertilizer".

[0056] Effect verification:

[0057] 1. Verify the influence of the bio-organic fertilizer obtained in Examples 1 to 4 on the economic traits of tobacco leaves. The specific settings are as follows:

[0058] Test Example 1.1 The test site is located in Maping Village, Liangyu Township, Baokang County, Xiangyang City, Hubei Province. From March 29, 2023, the biological organic fertilizer prepared in Example 1 was applied at an application rate of 110 kg / mu.

[0059] Test Example 1.2 The test site is located in Luoquanyan Village, Jiaoyuan Town, Xuanen County, Enshi Prefecture, Hubei Province. From March 20, 2023, the biological organic fertilizer prepared in Example 2 was applied at an application rate of 130 kg / mu.

[0060] Test Example 1.3 The test site is located in Heping Village, Hazelnut Township, Xingshan County, Yichang City, Hubei Province. From April 1, 2023, the bio-organic fertilizer prepared in Example 3 was applied at an application rate of 140 kg / mu.

[0061] Test Example 1.4 The test site is located in Donglang Village, Baihe Town, Fang County, Shiyan City, Hubei Province. From March 24, 2023, the biological organic fertilizer prepared in Example 4 was applied at an application rate of 105 kg / mu.

[0062] The above test examples 1.1, 1.2, 1.3 and 1.4 are all equipped with control areas, which are control area 1, control area 2, control area 3 and control area 4 respectively; the control areas 1, 2, 3 and 4 are all applied with commercially available bio-organic fertilizer (purchased from Hubei Yishizhuang Agricultural Technology Co., Ltd., with an organic matter content of ≥45% and an effective viable count of ≥0.5 billion / g) according to the application amount of the bio-organic fertilizer obtained in the corresponding embodiment, and the remaining treatments are the same as the corresponding test examples 1.1, 1.2, 1.3 and 1.4. The results are shown in Table 1.

[0063] Table 1 Economic characteristics of tobacco leaves treated with different methods

[0064]

[0065]

[0066] Among them, the proportion of medium tobacco on tobacco leaves is calculated based on the national standard "GB 2635-1992 Flue-cured Tobacco".

[0067] Analysis of the data in Table 1 shows that, compared with commercially available bio-organic fertilizers, the bio-organic fertilizer prepared by the present invention can significantly improve the yield and quality of tobacco leaves;

[0068] Compared with commercially available bio-organic fertilizers, after applying the bio-organic fertilizer prepared by the present invention, the upper and middle tobacco ratios, ether extracts and glandular hair density in tobacco leaves are effectively improved, thereby ensuring that the finished flue-cured tobacco products have excellent quality and appearance quality; the ether extract in tobacco leaves contains a variety of volatile aroma substances (such as alcohols, aldehydes, ketones, esters, etc.), and the higher the content of ether extract, the richer and more intense aroma can be released when the tobacco leaves are burned, and the greater the density of glandular hairs, the more aroma substances are secreted, thereby improving the aroma quality and taste quality of the tobacco leaves; a higher content of ether extract means that the tobacco leaves It contains more oil-related ingredients, which affect the intrinsic quality of tobacco leaves, making them perform better in terms of combustion characteristics and smoking taste. In addition, tobacco leaves with a high density of glandular hairs have more vigorous internal physiological metabolism, and synthesize and accumulate more beneficial substances, which also improves the intrinsic quality of tobacco leaves. Tobacco leaves rich in ether extract will appear oily and shiny in appearance, and the color will be brighter, which helps to improve the appearance quality. Tobacco leaves with a higher density of glandular hairs will have a velvety texture on the surface, making the tobacco leaves look more delicate, soft, and have a certain glossiness, thereby increasing the appearance quality.

[0069] The above description of the disclosed embodiments enables one skilled in the art to implement or use the present invention. Various modifications to these embodiments will be apparent to one skilled in the art, and the general principles defined herein may be implemented in other embodiments without departing from the spirit or scope of the present invention. Therefore, the present invention will not be limited to the embodiments shown herein, but rather to the widest scope consistent with the principles and novel features disclosed herein.

Claims

1. A bio-organic fertilizer for increasing the oil content of flue-cured tobacco, characterized in that: The composition includes the following components in parts by weight: 42-60 parts of decomposed livestock and poultry manure, 15-20 parts of fermented cake fertilizer, 20-30 parts of decomposed kitchen waste, 5-8 parts of amino acid raw powder and 0.2-0.3 parts of compound bacterial agent; The composite bacterial agent comprises Bacillus Velez and Bacillus subtilis, and the mass ratio of Bacillus Velez and Bacillus subtilis is 1:5-6.

2. The bio-organic fertilizer for increasing the oil content of flue-cured tobacco according to claim 1, characterized in that: The fermented cake fertilizer includes fermented rapeseed cake fertilizer, fermented soybean cake fertilizer or fermented peanut cake fertilizer, and the crude fat content in the fermented cake fertilizer is ≥5wt%.

3. The bio-organic fertilizer for increasing the oil content of flue-cured tobacco according to claim 1, characterized in that: The crude fat content of the decomposed kitchen waste is ≥15wt%.

4. The bio-organic fertilizer for improving the oil content of flue-cured tobacco according to claim 1, characterized in that: The amino acid content in the amino acid raw powder is ≥35wt%.

5. The bio-organic fertilizer for increasing the oil content of flue-cured tobacco according to claim 1, characterized in that: The effective live bacteria count in the composite bacterial agent is ≥40 billion / g.

6. The method for preparing the bio-organic fertilizer for increasing the oil content of flue-cured tobacco according to any one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that: The steps include: The components are mixed according to their usage to obtain the biological organic fertilizer.

7. Use of the bio-organic fertilizer for increasing the oil content of flue-cured tobacco according to any one of claims 1 to 5 in tobacco planting.

8. The method for applying the bio-organic fertilizer for increasing the oil content of flue-cured tobacco according to any one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that: The steps include: The bio-organic fertilizer for improving the oil content of flue-cured tobacco is applied before ridging, with an application amount of 100-150 kg / mu.

9. A method for increasing the oil content of flue-cured tobacco, characterized in that: The bio-organic fertilizer for increasing the oil content of flue-cured tobacco according to any one of claims 1 to 5 is applied during tobacco planting.

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