Converter flue gas treatment device and converter flue gas treatment method

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of industrial smelting control, and discloses a converter flue gas treatment device and a converter flue gas treatment method.The converter flue gas treatment device comprises a pretreatment device, an evaporation cooling flue, an inertia primary dust removal device, a waste heat boiler and a post-treatment device which are sequentially communicated; a compensation water spraying device and a temperature sensing device are arranged in the evaporative cooling flue and used for conducting water spraying cooling on high-temperature flue gas passing through the evaporative cooling flue according to the real-time temperature detected by the temperature sensing device. A compensation water spraying device of the evaporative cooling flue effectively reduces the smoke temperature, reduces the burning explosion risk caused by high temperature and reduces the smoke volume, an inertia primary dust removal device reduces the dust load in the smoke through primary dust removal of the smoke, a waste heat boiler further reduces the smoke volume by reducing the smoke temperature, and the energy consumption of the waste heat boiler is reduced. And the smoke exhaust capacity is improved, heat is recycled, and then the smoke treatment efficiency after converter steelmaking is effectively improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of industrial smelting, and in particular to a converter flue gas treatment device and a converter flue gas treatment method. Background Art

[0002] The primary dust removal system of the converter uses a smoke hood to collect flue gas, which enters the evaporative cooler through the vaporization cooling flue, then enters the electrostatic precipitator through the long flue, and then enters the gas cooler. Qualified converter gas is stored in the gas holder, and unqualified gas is released and burned. However, due to insufficient primary dust removal capacity, flue gas often overflows and sprays fire during oxygen blowing smelting, resulting in increased pressure in the secondary dust removal system. Since the secondary dust removal system also undertakes other dust removal tasks, and during the flue gas treatment process, the flue gas temperature is too high, causing the gas volume to expand, resulting in pipeline blockage, and a large amount of water vapor is generated during the water spray cooling process, which competes with the flue gas and further weakens the smoke exhaust effect. Therefore, the smoke exhaust capacity is limited, which in turn deteriorates the production environment.

[0003] The current primary dust removal system has the following problems: high energy consumption and poor production environment due to insufficient smoke exhaust capacity. Summary of the invention

[0004] In view of this, the present invention provides a converter flue gas treatment device and a converter flue gas treatment method to solve the problem of how to effectively improve the smoke exhaust capacity of the primary dust removal system and recover heat to reduce energy waste.

[0005] In a first aspect, the present invention provides a converter flue gas treatment device, comprising: a pre-treatment device, a vaporization cooling flue, an inertial primary dust removal device, a waste heat boiler and a post-treatment device which are sequentially connected and arranged;

[0006] A compensating water spraying device and a temperature sensing device are provided in the vaporization cooling flue. The compensating water spraying device is used to spray water to cool down the high-temperature flue gas passing through the vaporization cooling flue according to the real-time temperature detected by the temperature sensing device.

[0007] The pre-treatment device, vaporization cooling flue, inertial primary dust removal device, waste heat boiler and post-treatment device of the embodiment of the present invention are connected in sequence to form a complete flue gas treatment system. The compensating water spraying device in the vaporization cooling flue sprays water mist to cool down the high-temperature flue gas according to the detection result of the temperature sensor device, effectively reducing the flue gas temperature and reducing the risk of combustion and explosion caused by high temperature. At the same time, lowering the temperature also helps to reduce the flue gas volume. The inertial primary dust removal device reduces the dust load in the flue gas by preliminary dust removal of the flue gas. The waste heat boiler further reduces the flue gas volume and improves the smoke exhaust capacity by reducing the flue gas temperature. At the same time, the waste heat boiler can also recover part of the heat in the flue gas to reduce energy waste. The coordinated work of the above components effectively improves the smoke exhaust capacity, thereby ensuring the safety and stability of the production environment.

[0008] In an optional embodiment, a heat storage and insulation structure is provided on the inner wall of the outlet of the vaporization cooling flue connected to the inertial primary dust removal device, and the temperature sensing device is arranged in the heat storage and insulation structure to measure the temperature of the flue gas in the heat storage and insulation structure to determine whether the heat storage and insulation structure absorbs or releases heat from the flue gas.

[0009] The heat storage and insulation structure and the temperature sensing device cooperate with each other to enable the flue gas to maintain a relatively constant temperature in the flue, reduce the fluctuation of the flue gas volume and temperature of the subsequent boiler, and stabilize the boiler operating conditions.

[0010] In an optional embodiment, the post-processing device also includes a spray conditioning device and an electrostatic precipitator connected to the waste heat boiler in sequence.

[0011] The electrostatic precipitator of the embodiment of the present invention can effectively remove dust from flue gas, thereby reducing emissions and meeting environmental protection requirements. The spray conditioning device increases the humidity of the gas by adding water mist to the gas before it enters the electrostatic precipitator, thereby improving the dust removal effect of particulate matter in the electrostatic precipitator.

[0012] In an optional embodiment, it also includes: a coarse dust bin located directly below the inertial primary dust removal device, a medium dust bin located directly below the waste heat boiler, and a fine dust bin located directly below the electrostatic precipitator.

[0013] The embodiment of the present invention can collect dust in different grades according to the different dust particle sizes by setting different dust bins. The coarse dust bin mainly collects dust with larger particles, the medium dust bin collects dust with medium particle sizes, and the fine dust bin is specially used to process dust with smaller particles. By adding the structure of the coarse dust bin, the medium dust bin and the fine dust bin, the dust removal efficiency is improved while the dust with different heavy metal contents is classified and recycled, and the classified recycling and utilization of resources can be realized.

[0014] In an optional embodiment, the post-processing device also includes: a gas quality detector, a fan and a conversion station connected to the electrostatic precipitator in sequence, and the outlet of the conversion station is connected to the venting chimney and the converter gas tank respectively; according to the detection result of the gas quality detector, the outlet of the conversion station is connected to the venting chimney or the converter gas tank.

[0015] The embodiment of the present invention is provided with an electrostatic precipitator and a fan, so that the dust-containing gas passes through the inertial primary dust removal device to remove a large part of the particles and a part of the dust settled in the waste heat boiler, and then enters the electrostatic precipitator for fine dust removal to meet the emission standards. Then, the purified gas enters the conversion station, and two different processing paths can be selected according to the detection results of the gas quality detector. If the carbon monoxide content is lower than the first preset value and the flue gas oxygen content is higher than the second preset value, the flue gas is burned through the venting chimney; if the carbon monoxide content is higher than the first preset value and the flue gas oxygen content is lower than the second preset value, the flue gas directly enters the converter gas cabinet for recovery.

[0016] In an optional embodiment, the pre-treatment device includes: an oxygen lance, a converter, and a vaporization hood;

[0017] An oxygen lance is provided at the center of the converter to provide oxygen for the converter steelmaking reaction;

[0018] The vaporization hood is arranged directly above the converter and is communicated with the vaporization cooling flue to collect the flue gas generated by converter steelmaking.

[0019] The oxygen lance in the embodiment of the present invention is arranged at the center of the converter, and can accurately supply oxygen to the furnace, thereby improving the steelmaking efficiency. The vaporization hood is located directly above the converter, and is connected with the vaporization cooling flue, so that a large amount of high-temperature flue gas generated during the steelmaking process can be effectively collected to avoid its direct discharge into the environment, thereby ensuring the smoke exhaust capacity during oxygen blowing and avoiding smoke leakage. The vaporization hood and the vaporization cooling flue quickly cool the high-temperature flue gas, reduce the smoke temperature, avoid smoke blockage caused by high-temperature volume expansion, and further improve the smoke exhaust efficiency.

[0020] In an optional embodiment, the inertial primary dust removal device is a high-temperature cyclone dust collector.

[0021] The high-temperature cyclone dust collector of the embodiment of the present invention can effectively remove large particles and reduce dust load. It can be used in combination with a waste heat boiler to reduce the flue gas temperature and avoid the increase in moisture caused by water spraying for cooling, thereby reducing the flue gas volume, reducing the risk of flue gas blockage, and further improving the smoke exhaust efficiency.

[0022] In a second aspect, the present invention provides a converter flue gas treatment method, based on the converter flue gas treatment device described in the first aspect or any one of its embodiments, the method is executed by a controller of the converter flue gas treatment device, comprising:

[0023] When the high-temperature flue gas generated in the steelmaking reaction process passes through the vaporization cooling flue, the valve angle of the compensation water spraying device is controlled to spray water to cool the high-temperature flue gas according to the real-time temperature detected by the temperature sensing device;

[0024] When the flue gas after cooling enters the inertial primary dust removal device and the waste heat boiler in sequence, the inertial primary dust removal device and the waste heat boiler are controlled to process the flue gas.

[0025] In the embodiment of the present invention, the valve angle of the compensation water spray device is adjusted in time to ensure that the flue gas reaches the optimal temperature before entering the subsequent treatment equipment. The inertial primary dust removal device performs preliminary dust removal on the flue gas, and the waste heat boiler further reduces the flue gas temperature, thereby effectively improving the exhaust capacity and recovering heat.

[0026] In an optional embodiment, the valve state of the oxygen gun is further controlled, specifically including:

[0027] Determine oxygen blowing requirements based on the carbon content in pig iron and the different parts of the steelmaking stage;

[0028] Based on the historical steelmaking oxygen blowing data, correlation analysis was performed to obtain the correlation curve between the oxygen blowing flow rate and the converter smoke output at different times;

[0029] Extracting the target oxygen blowing flow rate corresponding to the moment when the smoke output is lower than the preset smoke output in the correlation curve, and determining the preset oxygen blowing values ​​of the converter corresponding to different preset time periods according to the target oxygen blowing flow rate;

[0030] Detecting the real-time oxygen content and real-time time inside the converter;

[0031] When the real-time time belongs to a preset time period, and the real-time oxygen content is higher than or equal to a preset oxygen blowing value in the corresponding preset time period, the valve of the oxygen gun is controlled to be closed;

[0032] When the real-time time belongs to a preset time period, and the real-time oxygen content is lower than the preset oxygen blowing value in the corresponding preset time period, the valve of the oxygen gun is controlled to open.

[0033] In an optional implementation, according to the temperature of the flue gas in the heat storage and insulation structure measured by the temperature sensor, the valve angle of the compensating water spray device is controlled, specifically including:

[0034] Determining whether the temperature of the smoke in the heat storage and insulation structure is higher than a preset temperature threshold;

[0035] When the temperature of the smoke in the heat storage and insulation structure is higher than a preset temperature threshold, the temperature of the smoke in the heat storage and insulation structure is matched with each mapping relationship in the preset temperature-angle mapping relationship table to obtain a matching valve angle to be adjusted;

[0036] Generate a valve control instruction according to the actual value corresponding to the valve angle to be adjusted to control the valve angle of the compensating water spray device;

[0037] When the flue gas temperature in the heat storage and insulation structure is lower than or equal to a preset temperature threshold, the angle of the valve to be adjusted is set to an initial value, and a valve control instruction is generated according to the initial value to control the valve angle of the compensating water spray device, wherein the initial value represents the angle when the valve is in a closed state.

[0038] The embodiment of the present invention can effectively control the temperature in the pipeline, prevent overheating, reduce the temperature of the flue gas, and promote the flow of the flue gas by real-time monitoring of the flue gas temperature in the heat storage and insulation structure and making dynamic adjustments, thereby improving the smoke exhaust efficiency. When the temperature exceeds the preset threshold, the valve angle is adjusted in time to increase water spraying, which can quickly reduce the pipeline temperature. When the temperature is lower than the threshold, the valve is closed. By timely spraying and stopping water spraying, the retention temperature of the flue gas in the pipeline can be adjusted, the speed of the smoke flow can be optimized, and the smoke exhaust efficiency can be improved. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0039] In order to more clearly illustrate the specific implementation methods of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings required for use in the specific implementation methods or the description of the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are some implementation methods of the present invention. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without paying creative work.

[0040] Figure 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a converter flue gas treatment device according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0041] Figure 2 is a schematic structural diagram of another converter flue gas treatment device according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0042] Figure 3 is a schematic flow chart of a converter flue gas treatment method according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0043] Figure 4 is a schematic flow chart of another converter flue gas treatment method according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0044] Figure 5 is a schematic flow chart of another converter flue gas treatment method according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0045] Figure numerals: 1. Vaporization cooling flue; 2. Compensation water spray device; 3. Heat storage and insulation structure; 4. Temperature sensing device; 5. Inertial primary dust removal device; 6. Waste heat boiler; 7. Spray tempering device; 8. Electrostatic precipitator; 9. Coarse dust bin; 10. Medium dust bin; 11. Fine dust bin; 12. Fan; 13. Conversion station; 14. Dispersion chimney; 15. Converter gas holder; 16. Converter; 17. Oxygen gun; 18. Vaporization hood. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0046] In order to make the purpose, technical solution and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention clearer, the technical solution in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below in conjunction with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0047] The working process of the existing converter primary dust removal flue gas system is as follows: the smoke hood collects the flue gas, enters the evaporative cooler through the vaporization cooling flue, then enters the electrostatic precipitator through the long flue, and then enters the gas cooler. Qualified converter gas will be sent to the converter gas holder, while unqualified gas will be released and burned. At present, the converter primary dust removal system faces the common problems of high energy consumption and poor production environment, especially during oxygen blowing smelting, the flue gas sprays and overflows, resulting in increased pressure on secondary dust removal. The secondary dust removal system is under other dust removal loads and has insufficient exhaust capacity, which further deteriorates the production environment.

[0048] In the converter steelmaking plant, the core problem of primary, secondary and tertiary dust removal is the insufficient smoke exhaust capacity during oxygen blowing, which is specifically the following aspects:

[0049] (1) The flue gas temperature is high, which causes volume expansion and causes blockage.

[0050] (2) Competition between water spray and water vapor. Spraying water to cool the flue gas produces a large amount of water vapor, which affects the smoke exhaust effect.

[0051] (3) Temperature setting of the electrostatic precipitator. In order to prevent condensation in the electrostatic precipitator, the exhaust gas temperature is set to 300°C, but this results in a large volume flow rate and increased resistance along the way.

[0052] (4) Dust load problem. The dust load of each ton of steel is about 15 kg, of which less than 5 kg is discharged through the evaporative cooler and water spray cooling dust removal tower. A large amount of dust needs to pass through the pipeline into the electrostatic precipitator for removal, resulting in a decrease in volume flow rate, which may cause dust accumulation in the pipeline.

[0053] The embodiment of the present invention provides a converter flue gas treatment device, which is used in the scenario where a large amount of high-temperature flue gas is generated during the converter smelting process and needs to be effectively treated to reduce the impact on the environment. By setting a vaporization cooling flue and a compensating water spraying device, the flue gas is cooled, the flue gas temperature is reduced, and the volume expansion is reduced, thereby reducing the risk of blockage. The compensating water spraying device directly cools the flue gas in the vaporization cooling flue, reducing the generation of a large amount of water vapor after the subsequent evaporative cooler sprays water, thereby improving the smoke exhaust effect. Through the heat storage and insulation structure, it is ensured that the flue gas has been effectively suppressed before entering the waste heat boiler device, avoiding the increase in flow and resistance caused by excessive temperature. The setting of the inertial primary dust removal device can perform preliminary dust removal before the flue gas enters the electrostatic precipitator. The waste heat boiler reduces the flue gas temperature and recovers heat, improves the overall dust removal efficiency, and reduces the dust accumulation in the pipeline, thereby improving the smoke exhaust capacity, improving the production environment, and reducing energy consumption.

[0054] In this embodiment, a converter flue gas treatment device is provided. Figure 1 As shown, the device comprises: a pre-treatment device, a vaporization cooling flue 1, an inertial primary dust removal device 5, a waste heat boiler 6 and a post-treatment device which are sequentially connected;

[0055] A compensating water spray device 2 and a temperature sensing device 4 are provided in the vaporization cooling flue. The compensating water spray device is used to spray water to cool down the high-temperature flue gas passing through the vaporization cooling flue according to the real-time temperature detected by the temperature sensing device.

[0056] It should be noted that the vaporization cooling flue is used to spray water mist into the flue gas through a compensating water spray device to reduce the temperature of the flue gas. The water mist evaporates in the flue gas and absorbs heat, thereby achieving cooling. The inertial primary dust removal device changes the direction or speed of the flue gas flow so that larger particles settle due to inertia, thereby achieving preliminary dust removal. The inertial primary dust removal device can be an inertial separator or a cyclone dust collector. In this embodiment, a high-temperature cyclone dust collector is preferably used. The waste heat boiler reduces the flue gas temperature and the flue gas volume, and at the same time recovers part of the heat, such as a flue gas waste heat boiler.

[0057] The pre-treatment device, vaporization cooling flue, inertial primary dust removal device, waste heat boiler and post-treatment device of the embodiment of the present invention are connected in sequence to form a complete flue gas treatment system. The compensating water spraying device of the vaporization cooling flue sprays water mist to cool down the high-temperature flue gas according to the detection result of the temperature sensor device, effectively reducing the flue gas temperature and reducing the risk of combustion and explosion caused by high temperature. At the same time, lowering the temperature also helps to reduce the flue gas volume. The inertial primary dust removal device reduces the dust load in the flue gas by preliminary dust removal of the flue gas. The waste heat boiler further reduces the flue gas volume and improves the smoke exhaust capacity by reducing the flue gas temperature. At the same time, the waste heat boiler can also recover part of the heat in the flue gas to reduce energy waste. The coordinated work of the above components effectively improves the smoke exhaust capacity, thereby ensuring the safety and stability of the production environment.

[0058] In an optional embodiment, a heat storage and insulation structure 3 is provided on the inner wall of the outlet where the vaporization cooling flue is connected to the inertial primary dust removal device, and a temperature sensing device is provided in the heat storage and insulation structure to measure the temperature of the flue gas in the heat storage and insulation structure to determine whether the heat storage and insulation structure absorbs or releases heat from the flue gas.

[0059] The heat storage and insulation structure can be a heat storage and insulation pipe set at the position where the vaporization cooling flue is connected to the inertial primary dust removal device, or a heat storage and insulation layer can be directly laid on the inner wall of the outlet of the vaporization cooling flue. The heat storage and insulation structure and the temperature sensing device and the water spray adjustment of the compensating water spray device cooperate with each other, so that the flue gas can maintain a relatively constant temperature in the flue, reduce the fluctuations in the flue gas volume and temperature of the subsequent boiler, and stabilize the boiler operating conditions.

[0060] In an optional embodiment, the post-processing device further includes: a spray conditioning device 7 and an electrostatic precipitator 8 which are sequentially connected to the waste heat boiler.

[0061] It should be noted that the electrostatic precipitator is a device that uses the principle of electrostatics to remove solid particles from the gas. By making the gas flow in the electric field, the particles are charged. The charged particles will be attracted by the dust collecting electrode and thus separated from the airflow. The spray conditioning device is a device that adjusts the gas properties by spraying water mist into the gas. It is understandable that the embodiment of the present invention uses a spray conditioning device before the electrostatic precipitator, which can increase the sedimentation rate of the particles in the flue gas, thereby improving the dust removal efficiency of the electrostatic precipitator.

[0062] The electrostatic precipitator of the embodiment of the present invention can effectively remove dust from flue gas, thereby reducing dust emissions and meeting environmental protection requirements. The spray conditioning device increases the humidity of the gas by adding water mist to the gas before it enters the electrostatic precipitator, thereby improving the dust removal effect of particulate matter in the electrostatic precipitator.

[0063] In an optional embodiment, it further comprises: a coarse dust bin 9, a medium dust bin 10, and a fine dust bin 11;

[0064] The coarse dust bin is connected to the outlet end of the inertial primary dust removal device, and the outlet end of the inertial primary dust removal device is located directly below the inertial primary dust removal device;

[0065] The middle dust bin is connected to the outlet of the waste heat boiler, and the outlet of the waste heat boiler is located directly below the waste heat boiler;

[0066] The fine dust bin is connected to the outlet end of the electrostatic precipitator, and the outlet end of the electrostatic precipitator is located directly below the electrostatic precipitator.

[0067] It should be noted that the dust bin is a container for collecting and storing dust of different particle sizes. According to the particle size of the dust, the dust bin of the embodiment of the present invention can be divided into a coarse dust bin, a medium dust bin and a fine dust bin. In a converter steelmaking flue gas treatment process, the dust generated may contain particles ranging from a few microns to hundreds of microns. Therefore, three different bins are set to collect dust of different particle sizes respectively.

[0068] Dust bins of different particle sizes have different metal contents. Coarse dust bins generally contain more iron, and most of them are returned to sintering for continued use as raw materials; fine dust bins contain more heavy metals such as lead and zinc, and are collected for special processing; medium dust bins are transition bins, and one of the above two forms can be selected for recycling based on the heavy metal content of the dust.

[0069] The embodiment of the present invention can collect dust in different grades according to the different dust particle sizes by setting different dust bins. The coarse dust bin mainly collects dust with larger particles, the medium dust bin collects dust with medium particle sizes, and the fine dust bin is specially used to process dust with smaller particles. By adding the coarse dust bin, the medium dust bin and the fine dust bin, the dust removal efficiency is improved while dust with different heavy metal contents is recycled in a classified manner, and the classified recycling and utilization of resources can be realized.

[0070] In an optional embodiment, the post-processing device also includes: a gas quality detector, a fan 12 and a conversion station 13 connected to the electrostatic precipitator in sequence, and the outlet of the conversion station is connected to the venting chimney 14 and the converter gas tank 15 respectively; according to the detection result of the gas quality detector, the outlet of the conversion station is connected to the venting chimney or the converter gas tank.

[0071] It should be noted that a fan is a mechanical device used to promote the flow of gas. An airflow is generated by a rotating impeller. The gas is sucked into the inlet of the fan and is accelerated by the impeller before being discharged from the outlet to form an airflow. A conversion station is a processing facility that distributes gas flows to different emission paths. A gas quality detector is a device used to monitor gas composition and concentration. It can provide real-time feedback on gas quality information. The principle is to use sensors to detect specific components in the gas and provide real-time feedback on gas quality data. A vent chimney is a device used in industrial facilities to ignite treated gas for re-emission. A converter gas holder is a facility used to store and manage gas generated in the converter process for energy recovery.

[0072] The embodiment of the present invention is provided with an electrostatic precipitator and a fan, so that the dust-containing gas passes through the inertial primary dust removal device to remove a large part of the particles and a part of the dust settled in the waste heat boiler, and then enters the electrostatic precipitator for fine dust removal to meet the emission standards. Then, the purified gas enters the conversion station, and two different processing paths can be selected according to the detection results of the gas quality detector. If the carbon monoxide content is lower than the first preset value, such as 25% by volume, and the oxygen content of the flue gas is higher than the second preset value, such as 1% by volume, the flue gas is burned through the venting chimney; if the carbon monoxide content is higher than the first preset value, such as 25% by volume, and the oxygen content of the flue gas is lower than the second preset value, such as 1% by volume, the flue gas directly enters the converter gas cabinet for recovery. The specific preset value can be set according to the manufacturer's needs, and no specific restrictions are made here.

[0073] In an optional embodiment, the pre-treatment device further includes: an oxygen lance 17, a converter 16, and a vaporization hood 18;

[0074] An oxygen lance is provided at the center of the converter to provide oxygen for the converter steelmaking reaction;

[0075] The vaporization hood is arranged directly above the converter and is connected to the vaporization cooling flue to collect the flue gas generated by converter steelmaking.

[0076] It should be noted that during the converter steelmaking process, the oxygen lance will spray high-purity oxygen into the molten iron. The oxygen reacts with the carbon in the molten iron to produce carbon dioxide, thereby reducing the carbon content of the molten iron. The converter is a furnace used for steelmaking. For example, in a converter, molten iron and scrap steel are added to the furnace, and oxygen is sprayed in through the oxygen lance to promote the chemical reaction. The vaporization hood is a device installed above the converter to collect and treat the flue gas generated during the steelmaking process. The temperature of the flue gas is rapidly reduced through the cooling device consisting of the vaporization hood and the vaporization cooling flue, avoiding the volume expansion and blockage of the high-temperature gas, ensuring that the flue gas can be discharged smoothly, and improving the exhaust efficiency.

[0077] The oxygen lance in the embodiment of the present invention is arranged at the center of the converter, and can accurately supply oxygen to the furnace, thereby improving the steelmaking efficiency. The vaporization hood is located directly above the converter, and is connected with the vaporization cooling flue, so that a large amount of high-temperature flue gas generated during the steelmaking process can be effectively collected to avoid its direct discharge into the environment, thereby ensuring the smoke exhaust capacity during oxygen blowing and avoiding smoke leakage. The vaporization hood and the vaporization cooling flue quickly cool the high-temperature flue gas, reduce the smoke temperature, avoid smoke blockage caused by high-temperature volume expansion, and further improve the smoke exhaust efficiency.

[0078] In an optional embodiment, the inertial primary dust removal device is a high-temperature cyclone dust collector.

[0079] It should be noted that the high-temperature cyclone dust collector is a device that uses centrifugal force and inertia principles to separate solid particles in the airflow. It can work in a high-temperature environment and is suitable for processing high-temperature flue gas. After the gas enters the cyclone dust collector, it passes through a conical or cylindrical main body, where the gas rotates and forms centrifugal force. The heavier particles are thrown to the outer wall due to the centrifugal force, then slide down along the wall and finally fall into the collection tank, while the lighter gas is discharged from the top. The high-temperature cyclone dust collector removes large particles at the front end, reduces dust load, reduces dust accumulation in the pipeline, and reduces the risk of explosion. It can effectively reduce the flue gas temperature when passing through the waste heat boiler, no longer spraying water for cooling, reducing the flue gas volume, and reducing flue gas blockage.

[0080] For example, taking a 120t converter of a special steel company as an example, during peak hours, the exhaust volume reaches 60,000Nm 3 / h. The original treatment also requires a water spray and steam spray volume of 28500Nm 3 / h, through the treatment of high-temperature cyclone dust collector and waste heat boiler, water spraying was reduced, and a 32% reduction in flue gas volume was achieved. The flue gas temperature dropped from 850℃ to 140℃, and the volume was reduced by 63%. After the two treatments of high-temperature cyclone dust collector and waste heat boiler, the flue gas volume was only 36.7% of the original flue gas, accounting for 25% of the water spray and original flue gas. Overall, the flue gas volume was reduced by 75% at most. This efficient dust removal and cooling solution not only reduces the flue gas volume, but also significantly improves the exhaust efficiency, reduces the risk of blockage and recovers high-temperature heat energy.

[0081] The high-temperature cyclone dust collector of the embodiment of the present invention can effectively remove large particles and reduce dust load. It is used in combination with a waste heat boiler to reduce the flue gas temperature and collect the flue gas heat, avoiding the increase in moisture caused by water spraying for cooling, thereby reducing the flue gas volume, reducing the risk of flue gas blockage, and further improving the smoke exhaust efficiency.

[0082] In practical application, the structure of a converter flue gas treatment device according to an embodiment of the present invention is as follows: Figure 2As shown in FIG. 1 , the entire structure consists of a converter, an oxygen gun, a vaporization hood, a vaporization cooling flue, an inertial primary dust removal device, a waste heat boiler, a spray conditioning device, an electrostatic precipitator, a gas quality detector, a fan, a conversion station, and a venting chimney and a converter gas holder connected to the conversion station. An oxygen gun is inserted in the center of the converter, and a vaporization hood is arranged above the converter. The hood is connected to the vaporization cooling flue. The cooling flue is provided with a heat storage and insulation structure, a water spray device and a temperature sensor, which leads to the input port of the inertial primary dust removal device. A coarse dust bin is arranged below the output port of the inertial primary dust removal device, and the output port at the other end is connected to the inlet of the waste heat boiler through a pipeline. A medium dust bin is arranged below the outlet of the waste heat boiler, and the outlet at the other end is connected to the inlet of the electrostatic precipitator through a pipeline. A fine dust bin is arranged below the outlet of the electrostatic precipitator, and the outlet at the other end is connected to the fan through a pipeline. The fan is responsible for transporting the dust-containing gas to the conversion station, and finally discharging the treated gas to the venting chimney or the converter gas holder.

[0083] The actual beneficial effects achieved are as follows: Through inertial dust removal and boiler technology, the dust removal load is reduced by 60%-80%, and the flue gas volume is reduced by 50%-75%. By reducing the flue gas temperature and reducing water spraying, the problems of insufficient dust removal and smoke exhaust capacity and separation and recovery of large dust particles are solved. The smoke exhaust capacity of the primary dust removal is increased by more than 50%, which provides favorable conditions for the subsequent recovery of coal gas production and reduces the power consumption of the secondary dust removal. The actual improvement should reach 75%. Considering that there may be air leakage in the system, it is conservatively estimated to be more than 50%. In addition, the installation of a high-temperature cyclone dust collector can not only effectively remove dust, but also remove the source of fire, reduce the risk of combustion and explosion, and enhance system safety. Before entering the inertial dust removal, a heat storage and insulation structure can be added inside the pipeline to smooth out flue gas fluctuations. The heat storage and insulation structure achieves heat transfer of about 20%.

[0084] At the same time, during the flue gas treatment process, the dust bin can be used to grade and receive flue gas particles of different particle sizes, and a high-temperature cyclone dust collector and a waste heat boiler can be built in the evaporative cooling flue to recover the heat of 140℃-900℃ in the converter flue gas, while reducing the amount of water and steam sprayed, thereby reducing the flue gas volume and temperature. The high-temperature cyclone dust collector and the waste heat boiler are divided into a coarse dust bin and a medium dust bin, which can remove about 60%-70% of the dust, significantly reducing the burden of subsequent electrostatic precipitators. Due to the high iron content and large particles in the dust, the coarse ash materials that are cleaned regularly can be sent to sintering or briquetting. For zinc-containing dust, due to the small particles, the removal of large particles at the front end helps to separate the dust and assist in the recovery of calcium, iron and other particles. The converter coarse ash (dust collected before the evaporative cooler) has a high iron content and a darker color, while the converter fine ash (electrostatic precipitator ash) is lighter in color, has an increased zinc content and contains higher hazardous waste heavy metals, requiring special treatment. Optionally, the overall system can be converted from water spray cooling dust removal to dry dust removal to improve processing efficiency.

[0085] According to an embodiment of the present invention, an embodiment of a converter flue gas treatment method is provided. It should be noted that the steps shown in the flowchart of the accompanying drawings can be executed in a computer system such as a set of computer executable instructions, and although a logical order is shown in the flowchart, in some cases, the steps shown or described can be executed in an order different from that shown here.

[0086] In this embodiment, a converter flue gas treatment method is provided, which can be used in the above-mentioned computer. Figure 3 : is a flow chart of a converter flue gas treatment method according to an embodiment of the present invention. Figure 3 As shown, the process includes the following steps:

[0087] Step S301, when the high-temperature flue gas generated in the steelmaking reaction process passes through the vaporization cooling flue, the valve angle of the compensation water spraying device is controlled to spray water to cool the high-temperature flue gas according to the real-time temperature detected by the temperature sensor.

[0088] Specifically, the compensating water spray device is composed of a nozzle, a valve and a pump. According to the instructions of the controller, the valve opening is adjusted to change the water spray flow rate and the spray intensity, thereby achieving effective control of the flue gas temperature.

[0089] Step S302, when the flue gas after cooling enters the inertial primary dust removal device and the waste heat boiler in sequence, the inertial primary dust removal device and the waste heat boiler are controlled to process the flue gas.

[0090] In the embodiment of the present invention, the valve angle of the compensation water spray device is adjusted in time to ensure that the flue gas reaches the optimal temperature before entering the subsequent treatment equipment. The inertial primary dust removal device performs preliminary dust removal on the flue gas, and the waste heat boiler further reduces the flue gas temperature, thereby effectively improving the exhaust capacity and recovering heat.

[0091] In this embodiment, a converter flue gas treatment method is provided, which can be used in the above-mentioned computer. Figure 4 : is a flow chart of a converter flue gas treatment method according to an embodiment of the present invention. Figure 4 As shown, the process includes the following steps:

[0092] Step S401, controlling the valve state of the oxygen lance.

[0093] Specifically, the above step S401 further includes:

[0094] Step S4011, determining oxygen blowing requirements according to the carbon content in the pig iron and different parts of the steelmaking stage;

[0095] Step S4012, performing correlation analysis based on historical steelmaking oxygen blowing data, and obtaining a correlation curve between the oxygen blowing flow rate and the converter smoke output at different times.

[0096] Specifically, historical data analysis tools are used to statistically analyze historical steelmaking oxygen blowing data, and a correlation model between oxygen blowing flow rate and converter smoke output is established. Regression analysis, time series analysis and other methods can be used.

[0097] Step S4013, extracting the target oxygen blowing flow rate corresponding to the moment when the smoke output is lower than the preset smoke output in the correlation curve, and determining the preset oxygen blowing values ​​of the converter corresponding to different preset time periods according to the target oxygen blowing flow rate.

[0098] Specifically, the correlation curve is processed by using a programming language to extract the target oxygen blowing flow rate corresponding to the moment when the smoke output is lower than the preset smoke output.

[0099] Step S4014, detecting the real-time oxygen content and real-time time inside the converter.

[0100] Step S4015, when the real time belongs to the preset time period, and the real time oxygen content in the corresponding preset time period is higher than or equal to the preset oxygen blowing value, the valve of the oxygen gun is controlled to be closed.

[0101] Step S4016, when the real time belongs to the preset time period, and the real time oxygen content is lower than the preset oxygen blowing value in the corresponding preset time period, the valve of the oxygen gun is controlled to open.

[0102] Specifically, the preset time period refers to the time stage during converter steelmaking. For example, the first stage corresponds to the first oxygen blowing value, the second stage corresponds to the second oxygen blowing value, and the oxygen demand values ​​corresponding to different stages are different. Use an oxygen sensor to monitor the oxygen content inside the converter in real time, set the control logic, and when the real-time oxygen content is higher than or equal to the preset oxygen blowing value, send a signal through the controller to automatically close the valve of the oxygen gun to prevent excessive oxygen from entering the converter. Set the control logic, when the real-time oxygen content is lower than the preset oxygen blowing value, the controller also sends a signal to close the oxygen gun valve to ensure that the valve is opened in time when oxygen is insufficient.

[0103] Step S402, when the flue gas generated in the steelmaking reaction process passes through the vaporization cooling flue and the heat storage and insulation structure, the valve angle of the compensation water spray device is controlled according to the temperature of the flue gas in the heat storage and insulation structure measured by the temperature sensor. Figure 3 Step S301 of the illustrated embodiment will not be described in detail here.

[0104] Step S403: When the flue gas enters the inertial primary dust removal device and the waste heat boiler in sequence, the inertial primary dust removal device and the waste heat boiler are controlled to process the flue gas. Please refer to step S302 for details, which will not be repeated here.

[0105] The embodiment of the present invention, by monitoring the temperature of the flue gas in the heat storage and insulation structure, can adjust the valve angle of the compensating water spray device in real time, so as to keep the flue gas within an appropriate temperature range, which helps to prevent the flue gas from overheating or cooling too quickly, thereby improving the fluidity and processing efficiency of the flue gas, and accurately controlling the flue gas when it enters the inertial primary dust removal device and the waste heat boiler, effectively improving the exhaust capacity of the converter flue gas, thereby ensuring the safety and stability of the production environment.

[0106] In this embodiment, a converter flue gas treatment method is provided, which can be used in the above-mentioned computer. Figure 5 : is a flow chart of a converter flue gas treatment method according to an embodiment of the present invention. Figure 5 As shown, the process includes the following steps:

[0107] Step S501, when the flue gas generated in the steelmaking reaction process passes through the vaporization cooling flue and the heat storage and insulation structure, the valve angle of the compensation water spray device is controlled according to the temperature of the flue gas in the heat storage and insulation structure measured by the temperature sensor device.

[0108] Specifically, the above step S501 includes:

[0109] Step S5011, determining whether the temperature of the smoke in the heat storage and insulation structure is higher than a preset temperature threshold.

[0110] Step S5012, when the temperature of the flue gas in the heat storage and insulation structure is higher than the preset temperature threshold, the temperature of the flue gas in the heat storage and insulation structure is matched with each mapping relationship in the preset temperature-angle mapping relationship table to obtain the valve angle to be adjusted that matches it.

[0111] Step S5013, generating a valve control instruction according to the actual value corresponding to the valve angle to be adjusted, so as to control the valve angle of the compensation water spray device.

[0112] Step S5014, when the smoke temperature in the heat storage and insulation structure is lower than or equal to the preset temperature threshold, the angle of the valve to be adjusted is set to the initial value, and a valve control instruction is generated according to the initial value to control the valve angle of the compensation water spray device, and the initial value represents the angle when the valve is in the closed state.

[0113] For example, in a steelmaking process, when the flue gas passes through the heat storage and insulation pipe, the temperature sensor monitors in real time that the flue gas temperature in the heat storage and insulation structure is 900°C, which is higher than the set threshold of 850°C. Based on this temperature, the controller consults the temperature-angle mapping table and finds that the valve angle corresponding to 900°C is 30°. The controller generates a control instruction to adjust the valve of the compensating water spraying device to 30° to increase the water spraying amount and reduce the pipe temperature. As the water spraying increases, the pipe temperature gradually decreases. When the temperature drops to 800°C, the controller determines that the temperature is lower than the threshold, and sets the valve angle to 0°, generates an instruction to close the valve and stop spraying water. Alternatively, in a steelmaking process, when the flue gas passes through the heat storage and insulation pipe, the temperature sensor monitors in real time that the flue gas temperature in the heat storage and insulation structure is 1000°C, which is higher than the set threshold of 900°C. Based on this temperature, the controller consults the temperature-angle mapping table and finds that the valve angle corresponding to 1000°C is 40°. The controller generates a control command to adjust the valve of the compensating water spray device to 40° to increase the amount of water sprayed and reduce the temperature of the pipe. As the water spray increases, the temperature of the pipe gradually decreases. When the temperature drops to 900°C, the controller determines that the temperature is lower than the threshold, and sets the valve angle to 0°, generates a command to close the valve, and stops spraying water. Dynamic adjustment ensures that the temperature in the pipe is effectively controlled, optimizes the flow of smoke, and improves smoke exhaust efficiency.

[0114] The embodiment of the present invention can effectively control the temperature in the pipeline by real-time monitoring the temperature in the pipeline and making dynamic adjustments, thereby preventing overheating, reducing the temperature of the flue gas, and promoting the flow of the flue gas, thereby improving the smoke exhaust efficiency. When the temperature exceeds a preset threshold, the valve angle is adjusted in time to increase water spraying, which can quickly reduce the pipeline temperature. When the temperature is lower than the threshold, the valve is closed. By timely spraying and stopping water spraying, the residence time of the flue gas in the pipeline can be adjusted, the speed of the smoke flow can be optimized, and the smoke exhaust efficiency can be improved.

[0115] Step S502: When the flue gas enters the inertial primary dust removal device and the waste heat boiler in sequence, the inertial primary dust removal device and the waste heat boiler are controlled to process the flue gas. Please refer to step S302 for details, which will not be repeated here.

[0116] Step S503, when the flue gas enters the electrostatic precipitator, the electrostatic precipitator is controlled to process the flue gas.

[0117] Step S504, according to the detection result of the gas quality detector, when the carbon monoxide content is higher than the first preset value and the oxygen content of the flue gas is lower than the second preset value, the flue gas directly enters the converter gas cabinet for recovery; if the carbon monoxide content is lower than the first preset value and the oxygen content of the flue gas is higher than the second preset value, the flue gas is burned through the discharge chimney.

[0118] For example, the flue gas passes through an electrostatic precipitator. The electrostatic precipitator effectively removes most of the dust particles in the flue gas, and the purification effect is obvious. The gas quality detector monitors the content of carbon monoxide and oxygen in real time. The fan quickly blows out the treated gas to form a stable airflow.

[0119] The embodiment of the present invention effectively removes dust particles in the flue gas by processing the flue gas after it enters the electrostatic precipitator. The gas processed by the electrostatic precipitator is drawn out by a fan to make the airflow faster. During the processing, the flue gas is first purified by the electrostatic precipitator, and then the content of carbon monoxide and oxygen is monitored in real time by the gas quality detector. If the carbon monoxide content is lower than the first preset value, such as 25% by volume, and the oxygen content of the flue gas is higher than the second preset value, such as 1% by volume, the flue gas is burned through the venting chimney; if the carbon monoxide content is higher than the first preset value, such as 25% by volume, and the oxygen content of the flue gas is lower than the second preset value, such as 1% by volume, the flue gas directly enters the converter gas cabinet for recovery, thereby avoiding the waste of converter flue gas resources.

[0120] A part of the present invention may be applied as a computer program product, such as a computer program instruction, which, when executed by a computer, can call or provide the method and / or technical solution according to the present invention through the operation of the computer. Those skilled in the art should understand that the existence of the computer program instruction in a computer-readable medium includes, but is not limited to, a source file, an executable file, an installation package file, etc., and accordingly, the way in which the computer program instruction is executed by the computer includes, but is not limited to: the computer directly executes the instruction, or the computer compiles the instruction and then executes the corresponding compiled program, or the computer reads and executes the instruction, or the computer reads and installs the instruction and then executes the corresponding installed program. Here, the computer-readable medium may be any available computer-readable storage medium or communication medium accessible to the computer.

[0121] Although the embodiments of the present invention have been described in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, those skilled in the art may make various modifications and variations without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention, and such modifications and variations are all within the defined scope.

Claims

1. A converter flue gas treatment device, characterized in that: include: The pre-treatment device, vaporization cooling flue, inertial primary dust removal device, waste heat boiler and post-treatment device are connected in sequence; A compensating water spraying device and a temperature sensing device are provided in the vaporization cooling flue. The compensating water spraying device is used to spray water to cool down the high-temperature flue gas passing through the vaporization cooling flue according to the real-time temperature detected by the temperature sensing device.

2. The converter flue gas treatment device according to claim 1, characterized in that: A heat storage and insulation structure is provided on the inner wall of the outlet of the vaporization cooling flue connected to the inertial primary dust removal device. The temperature sensing device is arranged in the heat storage and insulation structure to measure the temperature of the flue gas in the heat storage and insulation structure to determine whether the heat storage and insulation structure absorbs or releases heat from the flue gas.

3. The converter flue gas treatment device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The post-processing device comprises a spray conditioning device and an electrostatic precipitator which are sequentially connected to the waste heat boiler.

4. The converter flue gas treatment device according to claim 3, characterized in that: Also includes: A coarse dust bin located directly below the inertial primary dust removal device, a medium dust bin located directly below the waste heat boiler, and a fine dust bin located directly below the electric dust removal device.

5. The converter flue gas treatment device according to claim 3 or 4, characterized in that: The post-processing device also includes a gas quality detector, a fan and a conversion station which are connected to the electrostatic precipitator in sequence, and the outlet of the conversion station is connected to the venting chimney and the converter gas tank respectively; according to the detection result of the gas quality detector, the outlet of the conversion station is connected to the venting chimney or the converter gas tank.

6. The converter flue gas treatment device according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that: The pre-treatment device comprises: an oxygen lance, a converter, and a vaporization hood; An oxygen lance is provided at the center of the converter to provide oxygen for the converter steelmaking reaction; The vaporization hood is arranged directly above the converter and is communicated with the vaporization cooling flue to collect the flue gas generated by converter steelmaking.

7. The converter flue gas treatment device according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that: The inertial primary dust removal device is a high-temperature cyclone dust collector.

8. A converter flue gas treatment method, characterized in that: Based on the converter flue gas treatment device according to any one of claims 1 to 7, the method is executed by a controller of the converter flue gas treatment device, and the method comprises: When the high-temperature flue gas generated in the steelmaking reaction process passes through the vaporization cooling flue, the valve angle of the compensation water spraying device is controlled to spray water to cool the high-temperature flue gas according to the real-time temperature detected by the temperature sensing device; When the flue gas after cooling enters the inertial primary dust removal device and the waste heat boiler in sequence, the inertial primary dust removal device and the waste heat boiler are controlled to process the flue gas.

9. The converter flue gas treatment method according to claim 8, characterized in that: It also includes controlling the valve status of the oxygen gun, including: Determine oxygen blowing requirements based on the carbon content in pig iron and the different parts of the steelmaking stage; Based on the historical steelmaking oxygen blowing data, correlation analysis was performed to obtain the correlation curve between the oxygen blowing flow rate and the converter smoke output at different times; Extracting the target oxygen blowing flow rate corresponding to the moment when the smoke output is lower than the preset smoke output in the correlation curve, and determining the preset oxygen blowing values ​​of the converter corresponding to different preset time periods according to the target oxygen blowing flow rate; Detecting the real-time oxygen content and real-time time inside the converter; When the real-time time belongs to a preset time period, and the real-time oxygen content is higher than or equal to a preset oxygen blowing value in the corresponding preset time period, the valve of the oxygen gun is controlled to be closed; When the real-time time belongs to a preset time period, and the real-time oxygen content is lower than the preset oxygen blowing value in the corresponding preset time period, the valve of the oxygen gun is controlled to open.

10. The converter flue gas treatment method according to claim 8 or 9, characterized in that: According to the temperature of the flue gas in the heat storage and insulation structure measured by the temperature sensor, the valve angle of the compensating water spray device is controlled, specifically including: Determining whether the temperature of the smoke in the heat storage and insulation structure is higher than a preset temperature threshold; When the temperature of the smoke in the heat storage and insulation structure is higher than a preset temperature threshold, the temperature of the smoke in the heat storage and insulation structure is matched with each mapping relationship in the preset temperature-angle mapping relationship table to obtain a matching valve angle to be adjusted; Generate a valve control instruction according to the actual value corresponding to the valve angle to be adjusted to control the valve angle of the compensating water spray device; When the flue gas temperature in the heat storage and insulation structure is lower than or equal to a preset temperature threshold, the angle of the valve to be adjusted is set to an initial value, and a valve control instruction is generated according to the initial value to control the valve angle of the compensating water spray device, wherein the initial value represents the angle when the valve is in a closed state.

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