Anti-seepage structure of concrete faced rockfill dam toe board crossing strong karst seepage zone and arrangement method of anti-seepage structure
By using waterproof plates in the panel rock pile dam to seal the exposed area of the strong karst leakage zone and adjust the distribution of the anti-seepage curtain to make its downstream side solve the leakage problem when the toe plate crosses the strong karst leakage zone, improve the reliability of the anti-seepage structure and reduce engineering investment.
Patent Information
- Application Number
- CN202510196179.0
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Applications(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- Filing Date
- 2025-02-21
- Publication Date
- 2025-04-04
AI Technical Summary
In the panel rock pile dam, when the toe plate spans a strong karst leakage zone, the existing technology is difficult to effectively prevent the reservoir water from leaking through the "leakage skylight". Moreover, the treatment of the strong karst leakage zone is difficult, has low reliability, and has high engineering investment.
Waterproof boards are used to seal the exposed area of the strong karst leakage belt, and adjust the distribution of the anti-seepage curtain, so that the strong karst leakage belt is on the downstream side of the anti-seepage curtain, and an effective anti-seepage structure is formed through the connection between the waterproof board and the anti-seepage curtain.
The reliability of the anti-seepage structure of the panel rock pile dam under the conditions of strong karst leakage zones has been improved, the difficulty of foundation treatment and engineering investment has been reduced, and the leakage phenomenon of the strong karst leakage zone has been avoided.
Smart Images
Figure CN119754221A_ABST
Abstract
Description
Technical Field
[0001] The invention relates to the field of water conservancy and hydropower engineering, and in particular to an anti-seepage structure of a toe plate of a face rockfill dam spanning a strong karst seepage zone, and a method for arranging the anti-seepage structure. Background Art
[0002] Panel rockfill dams mainly include reinforced concrete panel rockfill dams and asphalt concrete panel rockfill dams, which have the advantages of convenient construction, safety and reliability, and low cost, and are widely used in water conservancy and hydropower engineering construction. Panel rockfill dams mainly include rockfill body, panel, toe board and foundation curtain, among which the rockfill body is the bearing structure, and the panel, toe board, foundation curtain, etc. form an anti-seepage structure. Usually, the panel is set on the upstream slope surface of the dam, the toe board is arranged around the panel and connected to the panel, and the toe board is connected to the foundation curtain, thereby forming a closed anti-seepage structure.
[0003] When the dam foundation rock mass is buried deeper than the aquiclude, the measures of increasing the foundation curtain depth and the number of curtain rows below the toe plate are generally adopted to ensure the integrity of the anti-seepage structure of the rockfill dam. However, when a strong karst seepage zone with a steep inclination in the transverse direction of the river is exposed in the dam area, and the dam axis cannot be adjusted, if the toe plate crosses the strong karst seepage zone, the anti-seepage structure of the face rockfill dam still adopts the measures of increasing the foundation curtain depth and the number of curtain rows below the toe plate, which will face the following two problems: on the one hand, the strong karst seepage zone between the normal water level of the reservoir and the toe plate will form a "seepage skylight", and the reservoir water may leak through the "seepage skylight", making it difficult to control the leakage; on the other hand, the karst in the strong karst seepage zone is strongly developed, with many caves developed and partially filled with blocky gravel clay. The strong karst seepage zone below the toe plate is difficult to handle, with low reliability and high engineering investment. Summary of the invention
[0004] The present invention firstly provides an anti-seepage structure of a face rockfill dam toe plate across a strong karst seepage zone, aiming to improve the reliability of the anti-seepage structure of a face rockfill dam under the condition that the toe plate spans a strong karst seepage zone, and reduce the difficulty of foundation treatment and engineering investment.
[0005] The technical solution adopted by the present invention is: an anti-seepage structure of a toe plate of a face-plate rockfill dam spanning a strong karst seepage zone, comprising a rockfill body, a face plate being provided on the upstream dam slope of the rockfill body, an anti-seepage curtain being provided between the two banks on the upstream side of the rockfill body, a grouting adit connected to the anti-seepage curtain being provided on the two banks on the upstream side of the rockfill body, the anti-seepage curtain being connected to the face plate through the toe plate, the strong karst seepage zone having an exposed area on both banks or one bank on the upstream side of the dam axis, the exposed area being close to the rockfill body and at least partially located below the normal water storage level, the anti-seepage curtain being arranged along the upstream side of the rockfill body and the upstream boundary of the strong karst seepage zone, a waterproof board being provided at the exposed area, the upstream boundary of the waterproof board exceeding the upstream boundary of the strong karst seepage zone and being connected to the anti-seepage curtain through the toe plate, the downstream boundary of the waterproof board being connected to the face plate through the toe plate, and the top elevation of the waterproof board being higher than the normal water storage level elevation.
[0006] In order to avoid the distance between the anti-seepage curtain and the strong karst seepage zone being too close, affecting the anti-seepage effect of the anti-seepage curtain, and also to avoid the distance between the anti-seepage curtain and the strong karst seepage zone being too far, increasing the construction cost of the anti-seepage curtain, further: the upstream boundary of the waterproof board exceeds the upstream boundary of the strong karst seepage zone by 10 to 15 meters.
[0007] The top elevation of the waterproof board does not need to be too high compared to the normal water level. Specifically: the top elevation of the waterproof board is 0.5m higher than the normal water level.
[0008] In order to facilitate the construction of the panels and ensure the quality of the panels, further: a transition layer and a cushion layer are provided on the upstream dam slope of the rockfill body, and the panels are of reinforced concrete structure and are located on the cushion layer.
[0009] In order to ensure the anti-seepage effect between the panel and the toe board, and between the waterproof board and the toe board, further: the structural joint between the panel and the toe board is provided with a water stop, and the structural joint between the waterproof board and the toe board is provided with a water stop. For example, the water stop is a copper water stop.
[0010] In order to ensure the anti-seepage effect between the toe board and the anti-seepage curtain, further: the upstream and downstream sides of the upper end of the anti-seepage curtain at the bottom of the toe board are respectively solidified bodies formed by grouting.
[0011] The present invention also provides a method for arranging the anti-seepage structure of the toe plate of the above-mentioned face rockfill dam across the strong karst seepage zone, and the purpose is also to improve the reliability of the anti-seepage structure of the face rockfill dam under the condition that the toe plate crosses the strong karst seepage zone, and reduce the difficulty of foundation treatment and engineering investment. The method for arranging the anti-seepage structure of the toe plate of the face rockfill dam across the strong karst seepage zone first conducts detailed stratum lithology mapping in the dam site area, and accurately draws the exposed boundary of the strong karst seepage zone of Henghe in the engineering geological plan; then, arranges the face plate in the engineering geological plan; then arranges the waterproof board in the exposed area of the strong karst seepage zone below the normal water level elevation upstream of the dam axis; then arranges the anti-seepage curtain along the upstream side of the rockfill body and the upstream boundary of the strong karst seepage zone; finally, arranges the grouting adit on the left and right banks according to the anti-seepage curtain and in combination with the terrain conditions and the distribution of the strong karst seepage zone, and obtains any of the above-mentioned anti-seepage structures of the toe plate of the face rockfill dam across the strong karst seepage zone.
[0012] The beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows: the present invention provides a technically reliable and economically reasonable anti-seepage structure and arrangement method of a face rockfill dam. For the exposed area of the strong karst seepage zone on the bank slope on the upstream side of the dam axis and close to the rockfill body, a waterproof board is used to block the exposed area to prevent the exposed area from becoming the "seepage skylight", and at the same time, the distribution of the anti-seepage curtain is adjusted to make the strong karst seepage zone on the downstream side of the anti-seepage curtain to avoid leakage in the strong karst seepage zone, and at the same time, there is no need to perform excessive intervention and treatment on the strong karst seepage zone. The arrangement method of the anti-seepage structure of the toe plate of the face rockfill dam across the strong karst seepage zone is to arrange the face plate and the waterproof plate after determining the exposed boundary of the strong karst seepage zone, that is, after determining the position of the strong karst seepage zone, and then arrange the anti-seepage curtain along the upstream side of the rockfill body and the upstream boundary of the strong karst seepage zone, so that the anti-seepage curtain bypasses the strong karst seepage zone. Although the length of the anti-seepage curtain is extended, it not only solves the leakage problem of the strong karst seepage zone, but also avoids the problem of a sharp increase in engineering investment caused by engineering treatment of the strong karst seepage zone. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
[0013] Figure 1 It is a schematic plan view of an embodiment of the present invention.
[0014] Figure 2 yes Figure 1 Schematic diagram of the longitudinal section along the AA direction.
[0015] Figure 3 yes Figure 1 Schematic diagram of the longitudinal section along the BB direction.
[0016] Figure 4 yes Figure 1 Schematic diagram of the longitudinal section in the CC direction.
[0017] Figure numerals: rockfill body 1, face plate 2, anti-seepage curtain 3, grouting adit 4, toe plate 5, strong karst leakage zone 6, dam axis 7, normal water storage level elevation 8, waterproof board 9, transition layer 10, cushion layer 11, water stop 12, consolidation body 13. DETAILED DESCRIPTION
[0018] The present invention will be further described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.
[0019] like Figure 1 As shown, the anti-seepage structure of the toe plate of the face rockfill dam of the present invention across the strong karst seepage zone includes a rockfill body 1, which is a bearing structure. A horseway is provided on the downstream dam slope of the rockfill body 1, and the center line of the dam crest of the rockfill body 1 is the dam axis 7. Figure 1 , the left side of the dam axis 7 is the upstream side, and the right side of the dam axis 7 is the downstream side. The upstream dam slope of the rockfill body 1 is provided with a panel 2, and the panel 2 has a reinforced concrete structure and an asphalt concrete structure. In order to facilitate the construction of the panel 2 and ensure the quality of the panel 2, the upstream dam slope of the rockfill body 1 is provided with a cushion layer 11, and the panel 2 is located on the cushion layer 11. On this basis, a transition layer 10 can also be added between the cushion layer 11 and the rockfill body 1 to further ensure the quality of the panel 2, see Figure 2 and Figure 4 An anti-seepage curtain 3 is provided between the two banks on the upstream side of the rockfill body 1, and a grouting tunnel 4 connected to the anti-seepage curtain 3 is also provided on the two banks on the upstream side of the rockfill body 1. The anti-seepage curtain 3 is arranged vertically, and the anti-seepage curtain 3 is connected to the panel 2 through a toe plate 5. In order to ensure the anti-seepage effect between the panel 2 and the toe plate 5, a water stop 12 is provided at the structural joint between the panel 2 and the toe plate 5. The water stop 12 is generally a copper water stop, such as Figure 2 In order to ensure the anti-seepage effect between the toe plate 5 and the anti-seepage curtain 3, the upper and lower sides of the upper end of the anti-seepage curtain 3 at the bottom of the toe plate 5 are respectively formed by grouting. Figure 2 shown.
[0020] The strong karst seepage zone 6 has an exposed area on both banks or one bank on the upstream side of the dam axis 7. The exposed area is the outcrop of the strong karst seepage zone 6. The exposed area is close to the rockfill body 1, and at least part of the exposed area is located below the normal water level 8. In the present invention, the anti-seepage curtain 3 is not distributed entirely along the upstream side of the rockfill body 1, but is arranged along the upstream side of the rockfill body 1 and the upstream boundary of the strong karst seepage zone 6, so that the strong karst seepage zone 6 is located on the downstream side of the anti-seepage curtain 3. By adjusting the distribution of the anti-seepage curtain 3, the strong karst seepage zone 6 is prevented from becoming a leakage channel. A waterproof board 9 is provided at the exposed area. The waterproof board 9 may have the same structure as the panel 2. The upstream boundary of the waterproof board 9 exceeds the upstream boundary of the strong karst seepage zone 6 and is connected to the anti-seepage curtain 3 through the toe board 5. The downstream boundary of the waterproof board 9 is connected to the panel 2 through the toe board 5. The top elevation of the waterproof board 9 is higher than the normal water level 8.
[0021] The upstream boundary of the waterproof board 9 is connected to the anti-seepage curtain 3 through the toe board 5. In order to ensure the anti-seepage effect between the waterproof board 9 and the toe board 5, a water stop 12 is provided at the structural joint between the waterproof board 9 and the toe board 5. The water stop 12 is generally a copper water stop, such as Figure 3 In order to ensure the anti-seepage effect between the toe plate 5 and the anti-seepage curtain 3, the upper and lower sides of the upper end of the anti-seepage curtain 3 at the bottom of the toe plate 5 are respectively formed by grouting. Figure 3 As shown. The downstream boundary of the waterproof board 9 is connected to the panel 2 through the toe board 5. In order to ensure the anti-seepage effect, the structural joint between the waterproof board 9 and the toe board 5 is provided with a water stop 12, and the structural joint between the panel 2 and the toe board 5 is provided with a water stop 12. The water stop 12 is generally a copper water stop, such as Figure 4 shown.
[0022] If the distance between the anti-seepage curtain 3 and the strong karst seepage zone 6 is too close, the anti-seepage effect of the anti-seepage curtain 3 will be affected. If the distance between the anti-seepage curtain 3 and the strong karst seepage zone 6 is too far, the length of the anti-seepage curtain 3 will be extended, and the construction cost of the anti-seepage curtain 3 will be increased. Generally, the upstream boundary of the waterproof board 9 exceeds the upstream boundary of the strong karst seepage zone 6 by 10 to 15 meters. The top elevation of the waterproof board 9 does not need to be too high compared to the normal water level elevation 8. Generally, the top elevation of the waterproof board 9 is 0.5 meters higher than the normal water level elevation 8.
[0023] The present invention also provides a method for arranging an anti-seepage structure of a toe plate of a face rockfill dam across a strong karst seepage zone, firstly, a detailed stratum lithology survey is conducted in the dam site area, and the exposed boundary of the strong karst seepage zone 6 of Henghe is accurately drawn in the engineering geological plan; then, the face plate 2 is arranged in the engineering geological plan; and then, a waterproof board 9 is arranged in the exposed area of the strong karst seepage zone 6 below the normal water level elevation 8 upstream of the dam axis 7. When arranging the waterproof board 9, the upstream boundary of the waterproof board 9 can be controlled to exceed the upper boundary of the strong karst seepage zone 6. The upstream boundary is 10-15m, and the top elevation of the waterproof board 9 is controlled to be 0.5m higher than the normal water level elevation 8; after the positions of the panel 2 and the waterproof board 9 are determined, the position of the toe board 5 on the upstream side of the dam axis 7 is determined accordingly; then the anti-seepage curtain 3 is arranged along the upstream side of the rockfill body 1 and the upstream boundary of the strong karst seepage zone 6; finally, the grouting tunnels 4 on the left and right banks are arranged according to the anti-seepage curtain 3 in combination with the terrain conditions and the distribution of the strong karst seepage zone 6, and the anti-seepage structure of the toe board of any of the above-mentioned face rockfill dams across the strong karst seepage zone is obtained.
Claims
1. A face plate rockfill dam toe plate anti-seepage structure across a strong karst seepage zone, comprising a rockfill body (1), a face plate (2) provided on the upstream dam slope of the rockfill body (1), an anti-seepage curtain (3) provided between the two banks on the upstream side of the rockfill body (1), a grouting tunnel (4) connected to the anti-seepage curtain (3) provided on the two banks on the upstream side of the rockfill body (1), the anti-seepage curtain (3) and the face plate (2) being connected via a toe plate (5), characterized in that: The strong karst seepage zone (6) has exposed areas on both banks or one bank on the upstream side of the dam axis (7), the exposed areas are close to the rockfill body (1) and at least partly located below the normal water storage level (8), the anti-seepage curtain (3) is arranged along the upstream side of the rockfill body (1) and the upstream boundary of the strong karst seepage zone (6), a waterproof board (9) is provided at the exposed area, the upstream boundary of the waterproof board (9) exceeds the upstream boundary of the strong karst seepage zone (6) and is connected to the anti-seepage curtain (3) through a toe board (5), the downstream boundary of the waterproof board (9) is connected to the panel (2) through the toe board (5), and the top elevation of the waterproof board (9) is higher than the normal water storage level (8).
2. The anti-seepage structure of the toe plate of a face rockfill dam across a strong karst seepage zone according to claim 1, characterized in that: The upstream boundary of the waterproof board (9) exceeds the upstream boundary of the strong karst seepage zone (6) by 10 to 15 meters.
3. The anti-seepage structure of the toe plate of a face rockfill dam spanning a strong karst seepage zone according to claim 1, characterized in that: The top elevation of the waterproof board (9) is 0.5m higher than the normal water level elevation (8).
4. The anti-seepage structure of the toe plate of a face rockfill dam across a strong karst seepage zone according to claim 1, characterized in that: The upstream dam slope of the rockfill body (1) is provided with a transition layer (10) and a cushion layer (11), and the panel (2) is a reinforced concrete structure and is located on the cushion layer (11).
5. The anti-seepage structure of the toe plate of a face rockfill dam spanning a strong karst seepage zone according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that: The structural joint between the panel (2) and the toe board (5) is provided with a water stop (12), and the structural joint between the waterproof board (9) and the toe board (5) is provided with a water stop (12).
6. The anti-seepage structure of the toe plate of a face rockfill dam across a strong karst seepage zone as claimed in claim 5, characterized in that: The water stop (12) is a copper water stop.
7. The anti-seepage structure of the toe plate of a face rockfill dam spanning a strong karst seepage zone according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that: The upper and lower sides of the upper end of the anti-seepage curtain (3) at the bottom of the toe plate (5) are respectively formed by grouting.
8. A method for arranging an anti-seepage structure of a face rockfill dam toe plate across a strong karst seepage zone, characterized in that: First, a detailed mapping of the stratigraphic lithology of the dam site is carried out, and the exposed boundary of the strong karst seepage zone (6) of Henghe is accurately drawn in the engineering geological plan; then, the panel (2) is arranged in the engineering geological plan; then, the waterproof board (6) is arranged in the exposed area of the strong karst seepage zone (6) below the normal water level elevation (8) upstream of the dam axis (7); then, an anti-seepage curtain (3) is arranged along the upstream side of the rockfill body (1) and the upstream boundary of the strong karst seepage zone (6); finally, according to the anti-seepage curtain (3) and in combination with the terrain conditions and the distribution of the strong karst seepage zone (6), the grouting tunnels (4) on the left and right banks are arranged, and the anti-seepage structure of the toe plate of the face rockfill dam across the strong karst seepage zone as described in any one of claims 1 to 7 above is obtained.