An arctic icebreaker

Abstract

This invention relates to the field of underwater navigation equipment technology and provides a polar icebreaking vehicle. The vehicle includes a main body, a water jet cutting device disposed on the main body, the water jet cutting device including a high-pressure pump and a cutting nozzle, the input end of the high-pressure pump being used to draw water from the outside of the main body, and the output end of the high-pressure pump being connected to the cutting nozzle through a first conduit, the high-pressure pump providing high-pressure power to the water flow, and the cutting nozzle ejecting a water jet to cut the ice layer on the water surface. Water is drawn into the water area through the high-pressure pump and pressurized; the pressurized water flows through the first conduit to the cutting nozzle and is ejected from the nozzle, forming a water jet to cut the ice layer on the water surface. Thus, by drawing water from the water area through which the vehicle travels and using it to cut the ice layer, sufficient water flow is available for cutting, allowing the vehicle to operate for extended periods to achieve continuous icebreaking.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the technical field of underwater navigation equipment, and particularly relates to a polar icebreaking vehicle. Background Technology

[0002] An underwater vehicle is a vehicle that navigates underwater and can perform tasks such as underwater exploration, detection, and icebreaking.

[0003] In existing technologies, such as the solution in patent CN109969364A, a high-pressure container is installed on the vehicle, and high-pressure gas is filled into the container. The vehicle is then submerged underwater to reach the target area below the ice layer, and a solenoid valve is triggered to release the high-pressure gas in the container to break the ice. However, the gas capacity of the high-pressure container is limited, and a single filling can only complete a few ice-breaking tasks, resulting in poor continuous ice-breaking capability. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The purpose of this application is to provide a polar icebreaking vehicle that solves the problem that existing vehicles, which rely on pre-stored high-pressure gas and then spray the gas through an air gun to break ice, have poor continuous icebreaking capabilities.

[0005] This application embodiment is implemented as follows: a polar icebreaking vehicle, the vehicle comprising:

[0006] main body;

[0007] A water jet cutting device is provided on the main body. The water jet cutting device includes a high-pressure pump and a cutting nozzle. The input end of the high-pressure pump is used to draw water from the outside of the main body. The output end of the high-pressure pump is connected to the cutting nozzle through a first conduit. The high-pressure pump is used to provide high-pressure power for the water flow. The cutting nozzle is used to spray water jets to cut the ice layer on the water surface.

[0008] In a preferred embodiment of this application, the main body includes a housing with a first cavity. The water jet cutting device further includes a base disposed in the first cavity. The high-pressure pump is fixedly disposed on the base. The cutting nozzle is connected to the base through a first telescopic component. The first telescopic component is used to drive the cutting nozzle to extend or retract into the housing. The housing has an avoidance hole for the cutting nozzle to extend.

[0009] In a preferred embodiment of this application, a guide rail is provided in the first cavity, the base is slidably disposed on the guide rail, a second telescopic component is provided on the base, the second telescopic component and the first telescopic component are arranged at intervals along the extension direction of the guide rail, the driving end of the second telescopic component is provided with a first sealing element for blocking the clearance hole, and the base is connected to a transverse driving device for driving the base to slide along the guide rail.

[0010] In a preferred embodiment of this application, the main body is equipped with a water pressure sensor, and the cutting nozzle is equipped with an infrared sensor. Both the water pressure sensor and the infrared sensor are connected to a controller. The controller is electrically connected to the first telescopic assembly, the second telescopic assembly, and the lateral movement drive device. The water pressure sensor is used to monitor the water pressure at the location of the vehicle. When the water pressure reaches a preset threshold, the controller controls the second telescopic assembly to retract to open the clearance hole, and controls the lateral movement drive device and the first telescopic assembly to drive the cutting nozzle and the infrared sensor to extend out of the clearance hole. The infrared sensor is used to detect the distance between the cutting nozzle and the ice layer on the water surface.

[0011] In a preferred embodiment of this application, the water jet cutting device further includes a heating tube for heating the water flow, the input end of the high-pressure pump is connected to one end of the heating tube, and the other end of the heating tube is used to draw water flow from the outside of the main body.

[0012] In a preferred embodiment of this application, the tail of the main body is provided with a main driver and two auxiliary drivers, which are respectively located on both sides of the main driver. The auxiliary drivers include a Tesla valve for accelerating water flow, a vortex tube, a vortex nozzle, a drive shaft, and a first drive device. The input end of the Tesla valve is used to draw water flow from the outside of the main body. The outlet end of the Tesla valve is rotatably provided with a vortex nozzle. The outlet end of the vortex nozzle is connected to one end of the vortex tube. The other end of the vortex tube is rotatably provided with a drive shaft. One end of the drive shaft extends to the outside of the main body and is connected to a first propeller. The other end of the drive shaft is located inside the vortex tube. The first drive device is used to drive the vortex nozzle to rotate. The vortex nozzle is used to spray rotating water flow into the vortex tube.

[0013] In a preferred embodiment of this application, the drive shaft is provided with a plurality of first helical blades at one end inside the vortex tube, and a plurality of second helical blades are provided at circumferential intervals at the outlet of the vortex nozzle. The first drive device includes a drive motor, a drive gear, and a gear portion disposed on the outer periphery of the vortex nozzle. The drive gear is fixedly disposed on the drive motor shaft, and the drive gear meshes with the gear portion.

[0014] In a preferred embodiment of this application, the water jet cutting device is provided with a plurality of spaced-apart portions along the direction of the guide rail, and the housing is provided with a plurality of clearance holes accordingly.

[0015] In a preferred embodiment of this application, the main body includes a housing and two outer shells, the two outer shells being disposed on both sides of the housing, a second cavity being formed between the outer shells and the housing, and the two auxiliary actuators being respectively disposed in the two second cavities.

[0016] In a preferred embodiment of this application, the main drive includes a propulsion motor and a second propeller, wherein the shaft of the propulsion motor is connected to the second propeller to drive the second propeller to rotate.

[0017] This application provides an embodiment of a polar icebreaking vehicle that uses a high-pressure pump to draw in water from the waters where the vehicle is operating and pressurizes the water. The pressurized water flows through a first conduit to a cutting nozzle and is ejected from the nozzle, forming a water jet to cut the ice layer on the water surface. In this way, by drawing in water from the waters where the vehicle is operating and using it to cut the ice, there is a sufficient flow of water for cutting, allowing the vehicle to operate for extended periods to achieve continuous icebreaking. Attached Figure Description

[0018] Figure 1 A three-dimensional structural diagram of a polar icebreaking vehicle provided in this application embodiment;

[0019] Figure 2 for Figure 1 A schematic diagram of the structure after removing the outer shell in the embodiment;

[0020] Figure 3 for Figure 2 A schematic diagram of the vortex tube in the embodiment;

[0021] Figure 4 for Figure 2 Schematic diagram of the Tesla valve and water pump in the embodiment;

[0022] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of the first cavity in an embodiment of this application;

[0023] Figure 6 for Figure 5 A schematic diagram of the water jet cutting device.

[0024] In the picture:

[0025] 110. Housing; 111. Clearance hole; 120. Outer shell;

[0026] 200. Main drive;

[0027] 300, Auxiliary actuator; 320, Tesla valve; 321, Inlet; 330, Water pipe; 340, Vortex nozzle; 341, Second helical blade; 350, Vortex tube; 351, Outlet nozzle; 360, Drive shaft; 361, First helical blade; 370, First propeller;

[0028] 410. Gear section; 420. Drive gear; 430. Drive motor;

[0029] 500. Water jet cutting device; 510. High-pressure pump; 520. Cutting nozzle; 530. Base; 540. First telescopic assembly; 550. Second telescopic assembly; 551. First seal; 561. First motor; 562. First connecting rod; 563. Second connecting rod; 570. Guide rail; 580. Chain; 590. Infrared sensor. Detailed Implementation

[0030] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of this invention clearer, the invention will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative and not intended to limit the invention.

[0031] The specific implementation of this application will be described in detail below with reference to specific embodiments.

[0032] like Figure 1 As shown, this application provides a polar icebreaking vehicle, which includes a main body and a water jet cutting device 500.

[0033] A water jet cutting device 500 is disposed on the main body. The water jet cutting device 500 includes a high-pressure pump 510 and a cutting nozzle 520. The input end of the high-pressure pump 510 is used to draw water from the outside of the main body. The output end of the high-pressure pump 510 is connected to the cutting nozzle 520 through a first conduit. The high-pressure pump 510 is used to provide high-pressure power for the water flow. The cutting nozzle 520 is used to spray water jets to cut the ice layer on the water surface.

[0034] In this embodiment, a high-pressure pump 510 draws water from the waterway through which the vehicle is traveling and pressurizes the water. The pressurized water then flows through a first conduit to the cutting nozzle 520 and is ejected from the nozzle, forming a water jet to cut the ice layer on the water surface. Thus, by drawing water from the waterway through which the vehicle is traveling and using it to cut the ice, a sufficient flow of water is available for cutting, allowing the vehicle to operate for extended periods to achieve continuous icebreaking.

[0035] like Figure 5As shown, in a preferred embodiment of this application, the main body includes a housing 110, the housing 110 having a first cavity, the water jet cutting device 500 further includes a base 530 disposed in the first cavity, the high-pressure pump 510 is fixedly disposed on the base 530, the cutting nozzle 520 is connected to the base 530 through a first telescopic component 540, the first telescopic component 540 is used to drive the cutting nozzle 520 to extend or retract into the housing 110, and the housing 110 has an avoidance hole 111 for the cutting nozzle 520 to extend.

[0036] In this embodiment, the cutting nozzle 520 is driven to extend or retract into the housing 110 by the first telescopic component 540. The cutting nozzle 520 is extended when cutting is required and retracted when sailing or when cutting is not required, thereby reducing sailing resistance.

[0037] like Figure 5 and Figure 6 As shown, in a preferred embodiment of this application, a guide rail 570 is provided in the first cavity, and the base 530 is slidably disposed on the guide rail 570. A second telescopic component 550 is provided on the base 530. The second telescopic component 550 and the first telescopic component 540 are arranged at intervals along the extension direction of the guide rail 570. The driving end of the second telescopic component 550 is provided with a first sealing element 551 for sealing the clearance hole 111. The base 530 is connected to a transverse driving device, which is used to drive the base 530 to slide along the guide rail 570.

[0038] In this embodiment, the cutting nozzle 520 is retracted into the housing 110 by the first telescopic component 540, the lateral drive device drives the base 530 to move until the first seal 551 aligns with the clearance hole 111, and the second telescopic component 550 drives the first seal 551 to rise to seal the clearance hole. In some embodiments of this application, a water pump is also provided in the first cavity, which is used to pump water from the first cavity to the outside of the vehicle. In some embodiments of this application, a second seal is also provided on the cutting nozzle 520, which seals the clearance hole 111 when the cutting nozzle 520 extends out of the clearance hole 111.

[0039] like Figure 5 and Figure 6As shown in a preferred embodiment of this application, the main body is equipped with a water pressure sensor, and the cutting nozzle 520 is equipped with an infrared sensor 590. Both the water pressure sensor and the infrared sensor 590 are connected to a controller. The controller is electrically connected to the first telescopic assembly 540, the second telescopic assembly 550, and the lateral movement drive device. The water pressure sensor is used to monitor the water pressure at the location of the vehicle. When the water pressure reaches a preset threshold, the controller controls the second telescopic assembly 550 to retract to open the clearance hole 111, and controls the lateral movement drive device and the first telescopic assembly 540 to drive the cutting nozzle 520 and the infrared sensor 590 to extend out of the clearance hole 111. The infrared sensor 590 is used to detect the distance between the cutting nozzle 520 and the ice layer on the water surface. In some embodiments, the first telescopic assembly 540 and the second telescopic assembly 550 can be electric actuators or cylinders, etc.

[0040] In this embodiment, the preset threshold can be the water pressure value at a depth of 2 meters underwater. The preset threshold can also be the water pressure value at other depths, as long as the infrared sensor 590 can detect the ice layer at that depth. The water pressure sensor feeds back the water pressure information to control the vehicle to rise to a predetermined position on the water surface. Then, the infrared sensor 590 and the cutting nozzle 520 are extended outside the housing 110. The infrared sensor 590 takes over the function of the water pressure sensor, detecting the distance between the cutting nozzle 520 and the ice layer on the water surface, thereby controlling the vehicle to continue rising until the cutting nozzle 520 is in a suitable position to cut the ice layer. Thus, through the cooperation of the water pressure sensor and the infrared sensor 590, the vehicle's ascent can be precisely controlled.

[0041] In some embodiments of this application, the waterjet cutting device further includes a heating tube for heating the water flow. The input end of the high-pressure pump is connected to one end of the heating tube, and the other end of the heating tube is used to draw water from the outside of the main body. In this embodiment, heating the drawn-in water flow through the heating tube allows the high-temperature water jet to melt the ice layer, improving the cutting effect.

[0042] In some embodiments of this application, a solid particle conveying device is also provided on the base 530. The solid particle conveying device is used to send solid particles into the cutting nozzle 520 through the conveying pipe, and spray them out together with the high-pressure water flow to improve the cutting effect.

[0043] like Figure 1 As shown, in some embodiments of this application, the tail of the main body is provided with a main driver 200 and two secondary drivers 300, with the two secondary drivers 300 located on either side of the main driver 200. Figures 3 to 4As shown, the secondary actuator 200 includes a Tesla valve 320 for accelerating water flow, a vortex tube 350, a vortex nozzle 340, a drive shaft 360, and a first drive device. The input end of the Tesla valve 320 is used to draw water flow from the outside of the main body. The outlet end of the Tesla valve 320 is rotatably equipped with a vortex nozzle 340. The outlet end of the vortex nozzle 340 is connected to one end of the vortex tube 350. The other end of the vortex tube 350 is rotatably equipped with a drive shaft 360. One end of the drive shaft 360 extends to the outside of the main body and is connected to a first propeller 370. The other end of the drive shaft 360 is located inside the vortex tube 350. The first drive device is used to drive the vortex nozzle 340 to rotate. The vortex nozzle 340 is used to spray rotating water flow into the vortex tube 350.

[0044] In this embodiment, water enters from the inlet of the Tesla valve 320, increasing the flow rate. The first driving device drives the vortex nozzle 340 to rotate, which sprays rotating water into the vortex tube 350, thereby generating vortices within the vortex tube 350. These vortices better drive the rotation of the drive shaft 360, which in turn drives the first propeller 370 to rotate.

[0045] like Figure 4 As shown, in some embodiments of this application, the input end of the Tesla valve includes two inlets 321. One inlet 321 is located at the end of the Tesla valve 320, and the other inlet 321 is located in the middle of the Tesla valve 320. The water intake can be increased by using the two inlets 321.

[0046] like Figure 3 As shown, in some embodiments of this application, the drive shaft 360 is provided with a plurality of first spiral blades 361 at one end inside the vortex tube 350, and a plurality of second spiral blades 341 are provided at the outlet of the vortex nozzle 340 at circumferential intervals. The first drive device includes a drive motor 430, a drive gear 420, and a gear part 410 disposed on the outer periphery of the vortex nozzle 340. The drive gear 420 is fixedly disposed on the shaft of the drive motor 430, and the drive gear 420 meshes with the gear part 410.

[0047] In this embodiment, when water flows through the vortex tube 350, it drives the first helical blade 361 to rotate. The first helical blade 361 drives the first propeller 370 to rotate via the drive shaft 360 to provide power and assist navigation. The drive motor 430 drives the vortex nozzle 340 to rotate via the meshing of the drive gear 420 and the gear section 410. The second helical blade 341 inside the vortex nozzle 340 rotates to drive the water flow and spray rotating water into the vortex tube 350, thereby generating vortices within the vortex tube 350. The vortices formed can better drive the rotation of the drive shaft 360.

[0048] Specifically, in some embodiments of this application, the outlet end of the Tesla valve 320 is connected to a water pipe 330, and the vortex nozzle 340 is rotatably sleeved on the end of the water pipe 330 away from the Tesla valve 320. The drive motor 430 is fixedly mounted on the water pipe 330. The end of the vortex tube 350 near the first propeller 370 is connected to a water outlet nozzle 351, and a one-way valve is provided at the water outlet nozzle 351 to prevent external water from flowing back into the vortex tube 350 from the water outlet nozzle 351. In some embodiments of this application, a water pump is also provided on the main body, the output end of the water pump is connected to the input end of the Tesla valve 320, and the input end of the water pump is used to draw water from the outside of the main body.

[0049] In some embodiments of this application, such as Figure 5 As shown, the water jet cutting device 500 is provided with multiple units spaced apart along the direction of the guide rail 570, and the housing 110 is provided with multiple clearance holes 111.

[0050] In this embodiment, the efficiency of breaking through the ice layer on the water surface is improved by having multiple water jet cutting devices 500 work together. In some embodiments of this application, such as Figure 6 As shown, a first motor 561 is mounted on the guide rail 570. The shaft of the first motor 561 is connected to one end of a first connecting rod 562. The other end of the first connecting rod 562 is rotatably connected to one end of a second connecting rod 563, and the other end of the second connecting rod is rotatably connected to a base 530. Thus, when the first motor 561 rotates, it can drive the base 530 to slide on the guide rail 570. Figure 5 As shown, the bases 530 of the multiple waterjet cutting devices 500 are connected by a chain 580, so that when one base 530 slides, it can drive the other bases 530 to slide.

[0051] In some embodiments of this application, the main body further includes two outer shells 120, which are disposed on both sides of the housing 110. A second cavity is formed between the outer shells 120 and the housing 110, and the two auxiliary actuators 300 are respectively disposed in the two second cavities. Thus, by disposing the waterjet cutting device 500 and the auxiliary actuators 300 in the first and second cavities respectively, mutual interference can be prevented. Furthermore, the two outer shells 120 protrude from the housing, enabling them to impact the ice layer and assist in ice breaking.

[0052] In some embodiments of this application, the main drive 200 includes a propulsion motor and a second propeller, the shaft of which is connected to the second propeller to drive the second propeller to rotate.

[0053] In this embodiment, the second propeller is driven by the drive motor 430 to rotate, providing the main propulsion for the vehicle to move forward.

[0054] In the embodiments of this application, a high-pressure pump 510 draws water from the water area where the vehicle is traveling and pressurizes the water. The pressurized water flows through a first conduit to the cutting nozzle 520 and is ejected from the cutting nozzle 520 to form a water jet to cut the ice layer on the water surface. In this way, by drawing water from the water area where the vehicle is traveling and using it to cut the ice layer, there is a sufficient water flow for cutting, and the vehicle can operate for a long time to achieve continuous ice breaking.

[0055] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, and improvements made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be included within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A polar icebreaking vehicle, characterized in that, The vehicle includes: main body; A water jet cutting device is provided on the main body. The water jet cutting device includes a high-pressure pump and a cutting nozzle. The input end of the high-pressure pump is used to draw water from the outside of the main body. The output end of the high-pressure pump is connected to the cutting nozzle through a first conduit. The high-pressure pump is used to provide high-pressure power for the water flow. The cutting nozzle is used to spray water jets to cut the ice layer on the water surface. The main body includes a housing with a first cavity. The water jet cutting device also includes a base disposed in the first cavity. The high-pressure pump is fixedly disposed on the base. The cutting nozzle is connected to the base through a first telescopic component. The first telescopic component is used to drive the cutting nozzle to extend or retract into the housing. The housing has a clearance hole for the cutting nozzle to extend. The first cavity is provided with a guide rail, the base is slidably disposed on the guide rail, the base is provided with a second telescopic component, the second telescopic component and the first telescopic component are arranged at intervals along the extension direction of the guide rail, the driving end of the second telescopic component is provided with a first sealing element for blocking the clearance hole, the base is connected to a transverse drive device, the transverse drive device is used to drive the base to slide along the guide rail; The main body is equipped with a water pressure sensor, and the cutting nozzle is equipped with an infrared sensor. Both the water pressure sensor and the infrared sensor are connected to a controller. The controller is electrically connected to the first telescopic assembly, the second telescopic assembly, and the lateral movement drive device. The water pressure sensor is used to monitor the water pressure at the location of the vehicle. When the water pressure reaches a preset threshold, the controller controls the second telescopic assembly to retract to open the clearance hole, and controls the lateral movement drive device and the first telescopic assembly to drive the cutting nozzle and the infrared sensor to extend out of the clearance hole. The infrared sensor is used to detect the distance between the cutting nozzle and the ice layer on the water surface. The main body has a main drive and two auxiliary drives at its tail. The two auxiliary drives are located on both sides of the main drive. Each auxiliary drive includes a Tesla valve for accelerating water flow, a vortex tube, a vortex nozzle, a drive shaft, and a first drive device. The input end of the Tesla valve is used to draw water flow from the outside of the main body. The outlet end of the Tesla valve is rotatably equipped with a vortex nozzle. The outlet end of the vortex nozzle is connected to one end of the vortex tube. The other end of the vortex tube is rotatably equipped with a drive shaft. One end of the drive shaft extends to the outside of the main body and is connected to a first propeller. The other end of the drive shaft is located inside the vortex tube. The first drive device is used to drive the vortex nozzle to rotate. The vortex nozzle is used to spray rotating water flow into the vortex tube.

2. The polar icebreaking vehicle according to claim 1, characterized in that, The water jet cutting device also includes a heating tube for heating the water flow. The input end of the high-pressure pump is connected to one end of the heating tube, and the other end of the heating tube is used to draw water flow from the outside of the main body.

3. A polar icebreaking vehicle according to claim 1, characterized in that, The drive shaft is provided with a plurality of first spiral blades at one end inside the vortex tube, and a plurality of second spiral blades are provided at the outlet of the vortex nozzle in a circumferentially spaced manner. The first drive device includes a drive motor, a drive gear, and a gear part provided on the outer periphery of the vortex nozzle. The drive gear is fixedly provided on the drive motor shaft, and the drive gear meshes with the gear part.

4. A polar icebreaking vehicle according to claim 1, characterized in that, The water jet cutting device is provided with multiple spacings along the direction of the guide rail, and the housing is provided with multiple clearance holes accordingly.

5. A polar icebreaking vehicle according to claim 1, characterized in that, The main body includes a housing and two outer shells, the two outer shells being disposed on both sides of the housing, and a second cavity being formed between the outer shells and the housing, and the two auxiliary actuators being disposed in the two second cavities respectively.

6. A polar icebreaking vehicle according to claim 1, characterized in that, The main drive includes a propulsion motor and a second propeller, the shaft of which is connected to the second propeller to drive the second propeller to rotate.

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