The invention provides an underwater detection robot. The underwater detection robot comprises a robot body. A detection bin, a steering control bin, a buoyancy adjustment bin, a gravity center adjustment bin, a power source bin and a control bin are formed in the robot body. Distance measurement sonar and foresight sonar which are used for scanning the surroundings are arranged in the detection bin. A control system is arranged in the control bin, can receive signals sent out from the distance measurement sonar and the foresight sonar and controls the robot body to conduct an obstacle avoiding action. By the adoption of the underwater detection robot, the functions of underwater navigation, snorkeling, rotation, constant gliding and autonomous obstacle avoidance can be integrated, and the underwater detection robot has the beneficial effects of being small in energy consumption, large in voyage, good in safety, high in survival coefficient, stable in performance, low in noise, flexible in action, long in duration time and the like.