Early warning system and method for stress state of tower foundation

Abstract

The invention belongs to the technical field of power transmission line tower foundation monitoring, particularly relates to a tower foundation stress state early warning system and method, and aims at solving the problems that a traditional tower foundation monitoring method is insufficient in real-time performance, limited in monitoring precision and the like. The system utilizes the FBG optical fiber sensor on the FRP anchor rod to realize high-precision real-time monitoring of various parameters such as stress, vibration and deformation of a tower foundation structure. Through the state signal mode recognition module, the tower foundation damage diagnosis module and the tower foundation instability hidden danger early warning module, the system can recognize the state mode of the tower foundation, determine the damage judgment result and conduct stability study and judgment, and therefore timely early warning information is provided. Scientific decision support and a multi-source information fusion judgment mode are provided for operation and maintenance personnel, and the accuracy and reliability of system judgment are improved. Compared with the prior art, the method has higher monitoring precision and real-time performance, and provides powerful guarantee for safe operation of a power system.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention belongs to the technical field of transmission line tower foundation monitoring, and in particular relates to a tower foundation stress state early warning system and method. Background Art

[0002] As an important part of the power transmission system, the stability of the foundation of the transmission line tower is directly related to the safe operation of the entire power system. However, under the influence of various complex environments such as natural disasters (such as strong winds, earthquakes, floods, and ice cover) and human interference (such as adjacent construction, ground subsidence, and illegal occupation), the tower foundation structure is easily damaged or even unstable, which not only threatens the safety of the transmission line, but also may cause serious economic losses and social impacts. Therefore, it is particularly important to timely perceive the stress state and hidden dangers of the tower foundation and take active prevention and control measures.

[0003] Traditional tower foundation monitoring methods mainly rely on manual inspections and simple static sensor detection. However, these methods have limitations such as insufficient real-time performance and limited monitoring accuracy. Manual inspections take a lot of time and it is difficult to detect sudden foundation damage or deformation problems in a timely manner. Traditional sensor monitoring is mostly based on a single parameter, which is difficult to fully reflect the stress state and change trend of the tower foundation in a complex environment. Summary of the invention

[0004] The object of the present invention is to provide a tower foundation stress state early warning system and method to solve the problems existing in the traditional tower foundation monitoring method in the prior art.

[0005] In order to achieve the above object, the present invention adopts the following technical solution: In a first aspect, the present invention provides a tower foundation stress state early warning system, comprising: Each FRP anchor rod is arranged at the tower foundation, and the FRP anchor rod is provided with a FBG optical fiber; The state signal pattern recognition module is used to perform feature analysis and recognition on the signal from the FRP anchor rod using a preset recognition algorithm to obtain the foundation stress state characteristics and the tower foundation deformation response characteristics; determine the load distribution, transfer state and deformation state of the tower foundation according to the foundation stress state characteristics and the tower foundation deformation response characteristics; determine the state mode of the tower foundation according to a preset pattern classifier and the load distribution, transfer state and deformation state of the tower foundation; A tower foundation damage diagnosis module, used to determine the damage judgment result of the tower foundation according to the load distribution, transfer state, deformation state and a preset damage diagnosis model; The tower foundation instability hazard early warning module is used to analyze the stability of the tower foundation based on the state mode and damage judgment results, and obtain the instability hazard assessment results; and issue an early warning based on the instability hazard assessment results and the preset early warning judgment threshold.

[0006] Furthermore, the state signal pattern recognition module is specifically used for: The signals from the FRP anchors are analyzed and identified using a preset recognition algorithm to obtain the foundation stress state characteristics and the tower foundation deformation response characteristics; wherein the foundation stress state characteristics include vibration, load, displacement signal strength and the position of the FRP anchors, and the tower foundation deformation response characteristics include foundation settlement and three-dimensional non-uniform deformation of the foundation structure; Based on the stress state characteristics of the foundation, the load distribution of the tower foundation is inverted and analyzed to determine the distribution and transfer path of the load in the tower foundation. Based on the deformation response characteristics of the tower foundation, the rate and amount of foundation settlement are calculated, and the degree and range of three-dimensional non-uniform deformation of the foundation structure are analyzed to obtain quantitative evaluation results of the deformation state. The distribution and transfer path of the load in the tower foundation, as well as the quantitative evaluation results of the deformation state are input into a preset pattern classifier, which identifies the state mode of the tower foundation; the state mode includes normal state, slight damage, severe damage and potential instability state.

[0007] Furthermore, the tower foundation damage diagnosis module is specifically used for: Extract tower foundation damage-related features from load distribution, transfer state and deformation state; tower foundation damage-related features include uneven load distribution, abnormal changes in transfer path and significant changes in deformation state; The tower foundation damage-related features are input into a preset damage diagnosis model, and the damage diagnosis model outputs the tower foundation damage judgment result Furthermore, the tower foundation instability hazard early warning module is specifically used for: Assign a weight to each state mode, and use the weight value of the current state mode corresponding to the tower foundation as the state mode evaluation factor; Linearly map the damage judgment result to a preset range as an evaluation factor for the damage judgment result; Determine the instability hazard index based on the state mode assessment factor and the damage judgment result assessment factor; The instability hazard index is compared with the preset warning judgment threshold, and the corresponding warning signal is determined according to the comparison result.

[0008] Further, the FRP anchor rod comprises an upper anchor rod and a lower anchor rod connected to each other; wherein the upper anchor rod and the lower anchor rod are both provided with FBG optical fibers; The upper anchor rod is threadedly connected to the connecting sleeve, and the connecting sleeve is threadedly connected to the spiral anchor; the spiral anchor is screwed into the soil layer to a designed depth; a hole is provided in the rock layer under the spiral anchor; the upper anchor rod is located outside the hole, and the lower anchor rod is located inside the hole; the hole is filled with grouting.

[0009] Furthermore, the system also includes a management and control decision module, which is used to: The control decision is determined according to the state mode of the tower foundation; wherein the control decision at least includes the maintenance and reinforcement of the tower foundation and the prohibition of adjacent construction activities.

[0010] Furthermore, the system also includes an evaluation feedback module, which is used to: Obtain the actual status of the tower foundation after the early warning, and provide accuracy feedback on the status mode, damage judgment results and instability hazard assessment results based on the actual status of the tower foundation; Obtain the stability of the tower foundation after the execution of the control decision, and provide feedback on the correctness of the control decision based on the stability status.

[0011] Furthermore, the system also includes a video monitoring module arranged at the tower base, which is used to obtain image data of the tower base and assist in confirming the state mode, damage judgment result and instability hazard assessment result of the tower base based on the image data.

[0012] Furthermore, the system also includes a geographic information system for providing the coordinate position of the tower foundation.

[0013] In a second aspect of the present invention, a tower foundation stress state early warning method is provided, comprising the following specific steps: A preset recognition algorithm is used to perform feature analysis and recognition on the signal from the FRP anchor rod, and the foundation stress state characteristics and the tower foundation deformation response characteristics are obtained; the load distribution, transfer state and deformation state of the tower foundation are determined according to the foundation stress state characteristics and the tower foundation deformation response characteristics; the state mode of the tower foundation is determined according to the load distribution, transfer state, deformation state of the tower foundation and a preset mode classifier; wherein each FRP anchor rod is arranged at the tower foundation, and the FRP anchor rod is provided with an FBG optical fiber; Determining the damage judgment result of the tower foundation according to the load distribution, transfer state, deformation state and a preset damage diagnosis model; The stability of the tower foundation is analyzed based on the state mode and damage judgment results to obtain the instability hazard assessment results; an early warning is issued based on the instability hazard assessment results and the preset early warning judgment threshold.

[0014] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows: The present invention provides a tower foundation stress state early warning system, which uses FBG optical fiber sensors on FRP anchor rods to achieve high-precision real-time monitoring of multiple parameters such as stress, vibration and deformation of the tower foundation structure, improves the monitoring accuracy, enhances the real-time monitoring, and enables the system to timely detect abnormal changes in the tower foundation. Through the state signal pattern recognition module, a preset recognition algorithm is used to perform feature analysis and recognition on the signal from the FRP anchor rod, obtain the foundation stress state characteristics and the tower foundation deformation response characteristics, and then determine the load distribution, transfer state and deformation state of the tower foundation, and identify the state mode of the tower foundation according to the preset pattern classifier. At the same time, the tower foundation damage diagnosis module determines the damage judgment result of the tower foundation according to the load distribution, transfer state, deformation state and the preset damage diagnosis model. The tower foundation instability hidden danger early warning module performs stability judgment of the tower foundation based on the state mode and damage judgment result, and obtains the instability hidden danger assessment result. According to the instability hidden danger assessment result and the preset early warning judgment threshold, an early warning is issued to provide timely early warning information for operation and maintenance personnel.

[0015] The system also includes a management and control decision-making module, which determines corresponding management and control decisions based on the status pattern of the tower foundation, such as maintenance and reinforcement, prohibition of nearby construction activities, etc., to provide scientific decision-making support for operation and maintenance personnel.

[0016] The system also has a video monitoring module and a geographic information system, which can assist in confirming the state mode, damage judgment results, and instability hazard assessment results of the tower foundation by acquiring image data and coordinate positions of the tower foundation. This multi-source information fusion method further improves the accuracy and reliability of the system's judgment. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0017] The drawings constituting a part of the present application are used to provide a further understanding of the present invention. The exemplary embodiments of the present invention and their descriptions are used to explain the present invention and do not constitute an improper limitation of the present invention. In the drawings: Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the principle of a tower foundation stress state early warning system according to an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the FRP anchor installation structure in an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 3 A schematic diagram of signal transmission in an optional embodiment of the present invention; Figure 4 A schematic diagram of signal transmission in another optional embodiment of the present invention; Figure 5 This is a flow chart of a tower foundation stress state early warning method according to an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 6 The present invention is a structural block diagram of an electronic device according to an embodiment of the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0018] The present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and in combination with embodiments. It should be noted that the embodiments and features in the embodiments of the present application can be combined with each other without conflict.

[0019] The following detailed description is an exemplary description, which is intended to provide further detailed description of the present invention. Unless otherwise specified, all technical terms used in the present invention have the same meaning as those generally understood by those skilled in the art to which the present application belongs. The terms used in the present invention are only for describing specific embodiments, and are not intended to limit exemplary embodiments according to the present invention.

[0020] Example 1 like Figure 1 and Figure 2 As shown, a tower foundation stress state early warning system comprises: Each FRP anchor rod is arranged at the tower foundation, and the FRP anchor rod is provided with a FBG optical fiber; The state signal pattern recognition module is used to perform feature analysis and recognition on the signal from the FRP anchor rod using a preset recognition algorithm to obtain the foundation stress state characteristics and the tower foundation deformation response characteristics; determine the load distribution, transfer state and deformation state of the tower foundation according to the foundation stress state characteristics and the tower foundation deformation response characteristics; determine the state mode of the tower foundation according to a preset pattern classifier and the load distribution, transfer state and deformation state of the tower foundation; A tower foundation damage diagnosis module, used to determine the damage judgment result of the tower foundation according to the load distribution, transfer state, deformation state and a preset damage diagnosis model; The tower foundation instability hazard early warning module is used to analyze the stability of the tower foundation based on the state mode and damage judgment results, and obtain the instability hazard assessment results; and issue an early warning based on the instability hazard assessment results and the preset early warning judgment threshold.

[0021] In one embodiment, the system further includes the following components: An optical fiber demodulator, connected to the FBG optical fiber, and used for demodulating the spectrum signal of the reflected light from the FBG optical fiber into an electrical signal; A data acquisition module, used to collect the electrical signals output by each optical fiber demodulator; A data processing module, used for processing the signal collected by the data collection module into a digital signal; The data transmission module is used to transmit the digital signal of the data processing module to the state signal pattern recognition module. The state signal pattern recognition module, the tower foundation damage diagnosis module and the tower foundation instability hidden danger warning module are all deployed on the monitoring and early warning platform.

[0022] In the above scheme, the FBG optical fiber inside the FRP anchor is used as the sensing layer. The FBG optical fiber serves as both a sensing element and a signal transmission function, and uses coherent detection technology to detect changes in the optical pulse characteristics in the optical fiber after external environmental disturbances.

[0023] In one embodiment, the state signal pattern recognition module is specifically used to: use a preset recognition algorithm to perform feature analysis and recognition on the signal from the FRP anchor rod to obtain the foundation stress state characteristics and the tower foundation deformation response characteristics; wherein the foundation stress state characteristics include vibration, load, displacement signal strength and the position of the FRP anchor rod, and the tower foundation deformation response characteristics include foundation settlement and three-dimensional non-uniform deformation of the foundation structure; based on the foundation stress state characteristics, the load distribution of the tower foundation is inverted and analyzed to determine the distribution and transmission path of the load in the tower foundation; based on the tower foundation deformation response characteristics, the rate and amount of foundation settlement are calculated, and the degree and range of the three-dimensional non-uniform deformation of the foundation structure are analyzed to obtain a quantitative evaluation result of the deformation state; the distribution and transmission path of the load in the tower foundation, as well as the quantitative evaluation result of the deformation state are input into a preset pattern classifier, and the pattern classifier identifies the state pattern of the tower foundation; wherein the state pattern includes normal state, slight damage, severe damage and potential instability state.

[0024] In a more specific embodiment, the state signal pattern recognition module first uses a preset recognition algorithm to perform feature analysis and recognition on the signal from the FRP smart anchor rod to obtain the foundation stress state characteristics and the tower foundation deformation response characteristics, including but not limited to the frequency, amplitude, phase, etc. of the vibration signal, the size, direction, and duration of the load signal, the displacement amount and displacement rate of the displacement signal, and the depth and direction of the position of the FRP smart anchor rod. At the same time, the tower foundation deformation response characteristics include the rate and amount of foundation settlement, the shape, size, and position of the three-dimensional uneven deformation of the foundation structure. Based on the extracted foundation stress state characteristics, the load distribution of the tower foundation is inversely analyzed by using finite element analysis or structural mechanics models, the distribution and transmission path of the load in the foundation are determined, and the response characteristics and stress state of the foundation under different loads are understood. Combined with the tower foundation deformation response characteristics, the deformation state of the foundation is quantitatively evaluated, including calculating the rate and amount of foundation settlement, analyzing the degree and range of three-dimensional uneven deformation of the foundation structure, and evaluating the impact of deformation on the overall stability of the tower. After determining the load distribution, transfer state and deformation state, the state pattern of the tower foundation is identified using a preset pattern classifier (such as support vector machine, neural network, decision tree and other machine learning models). The pattern classifier has been trained and can accurately classify the tower foundation into a normal state, an abnormal state (such as slight damage, severe damage, etc.) or a potential unstable state based on the input load distribution, transfer state and deformation state characteristics.

[0025] In one embodiment, the tower foundation damage diagnosis module is specifically used to: extract tower foundation damage-related features from load distribution, transfer state and deformation state; wherein the tower foundation damage-related features include uneven load distribution, abnormal changes in transfer paths and significant changes in deformation states; input the tower foundation damage-related features into a preset damage diagnosis model, and the damage diagnosis model outputs a damage judgment result of the tower foundation.

[0026] In a more specific embodiment, the pole tower foundation damage diagnosis module receives data such as load distribution, transfer state, deformation state, etc. from the state signal pattern recognition module. The received data is preprocessed, including data cleaning, denoising, normalization, etc. Features related to the pole tower foundation damage are extracted from the preprocessed data, such as the unevenness of load distribution, abnormal changes in the transfer path, significant changes in the deformation state, etc., to reflect the degree and type of damage to the pole tower foundation under the stress state. The extracted damage features are input into a preset damage diagnosis model, which can be constructed based on machine learning algorithms (such as neural networks, support vector machines, decision trees, etc.), mechanical principles or empirical formulas. The damage diagnosis model calculates and analyzes the input features and outputs the damage judgment result of the pole tower foundation. The damage judgment result may include information such as the location, degree, and type of the damage. The damage judgment result is output in the form of text description, chart display, warning signal, etc.

[0027] In an optional embodiment, the damage judgment result can be used as input and combined with other relevant information (such as the coordinate position provided by the geographic information system, the image data provided by the video monitoring module, etc.) to provide auxiliary decision support for the management and control decision module.

[0028] In one embodiment, the tower foundation instability hazard warning module is specifically used to: assign weights to each state mode, and use the weight value of the current state mode corresponding to the tower foundation as a state mode evaluation factor; linearly map the damage judgment result to a preset range as a damage judgment result evaluation factor; determine the instability hazard index based on the state mode evaluation factor and the damage judgment result evaluation factor; compare the instability hazard index with a preset warning judgment threshold, and determine a corresponding warning signal based on the comparison result.

[0029] In a more specific embodiment, the state modes of the tower foundation include normal state, slight damage, severe damage and potential instability state. This solution assigns a weight value to each state, and selects the corresponding weight value as the state mode evaluation factor according to the state mode recognition result. F 1.

[0030] In this scheme, the damage judgment result can be a specific damage degree value (such as damage percentage). In order to incorporate it into the instability hazard assessment model, this scheme linearly maps it to a suitable range (such as 0 to 1) as the damage judgment result assessment factor F 2.

[0031] Instability risk index I It can be calculated by the following formula: I = F 1× α + F 2×β in, α and β It is the weight coefficient, which is used to adjust the contribution of the state mode assessment factor and the damage judgment result assessment factor in the instability hazard index.

[0032] The warning threshold can be set based on expert experience, such as: Low risk threshold ( T 1): When the instability risk index is lower than T 1:00, no warning will be issued.

[0033] Medium risk threshold ( T 2): When the instability risk index is T 1 and T 2, a low-risk warning is issued.

[0034] High risk threshold ( T 3): When the instability risk index is higher than T At 3 o'clock, a high-risk warning was issued.

[0035] Emergency warning threshold ( T 4): When the instability risk index is extremely high (exceeding T 4) When an emergency occurs, an emergency warning will be issued and corresponding emergency measures will be taken.

[0036] The instability risk index I Compare with the preset warning judgment threshold. According to the comparison result, issue the corresponding warning signal or take corresponding measures.

[0037] In an optional embodiment, early warning signals can be sent in multiple ways, such as sound and light alarms, and mobile phone APP push to send hidden danger information to operation and maintenance personnel, thereby achieving active risk prevention and control of the tower foundation.

[0038] like Figure 2 As shown, in one embodiment, the FRP anchor rod 2 includes an upper anchor rod 21 and a lower anchor rod 22 connected to each other; wherein, the upper anchor rod 21 and the lower anchor rod 22 are both provided with FBG optical fibers; the upper anchor rod 21 is threadedly connected to the connecting sleeve 3, and the connecting sleeve 3 is threadedly connected to the spiral anchor 1; the spiral anchor 1 is screwed into the soil layer to the designed depth; the rock layer under the spiral anchor 1 is provided with a hole 5; the upper anchor rod 21 is located outside the hole 5, and the lower anchor rod 22 is located inside the hole 5; and the hole 5 is filled with grouting. This solution uses spiral anchors and FRP anchor rods, is suitable for soft and hard soil-rock composite strata, and has high pull-out resistance and wide applicability.

[0039] In a more specific embodiment, the spiral anchor 1 is made of a hollow anchor pipe welded to an upper anchor plate, and a concave thread is prefabricated inside the anchor pipe. The FRP anchor rod 2 is made of fiber reinforced plastic as the main material. The lower anchor rod 22 includes a cylindrical lower anchor core, which is made of basalt fiber and glass fiber, and a spiral groove is prefabricated on the surface. The spiral groove is used to embed the FBG optical fiber. The carbon fiber reinforced composite material is impregnated with thermosetting resin and filled into the anchor core groove as the anchor core groove wrapping layer. The thickness of the anchor core groove wrapping layer is 2-3 cm, which enhances the tensile and compressive properties of the anchor rod. The FBG optical fiber on the lower anchor rod 22 is led out from the upper part and enters the upper anchor rod 21. The upper anchor rod 21 is made of a multi-layer composite material, the inner layer is reinforced with basalt fiber, the second layer is glass fiber, and the outer layer is carbon fiber cloth, which ensures that the anchor rod is corrosion-resistant and enhances the external strength. The FBG optical fiber 4 is arranged on the inner surface of the upper anchor rod 21 and wrapped with a thin layer of glass fiber. The fiber material is impregnated with epoxy resin layer by layer to ensure that the resin is impregnated. Afterwards, the carbon fiber cloth is evenly laid on the outermost layer and compacted using a metal mold to form a threaded appearance. The outer surface of the connecting sleeve 3 is prefabricated with a convex thread, and the inner cavity is prefabricated with a concave thread, which is used to connect the spiral anchor and the FRP anchor rod.

[0040] When installing the above-mentioned FRP anchor rod, first screw the spiral anchor 1 into the soil layer to the designed depth; drill the rock layer downward along the spiral anchor 1 to obtain a hole 5 of designed diameter and depth; insert the FRP smart anchor rod 2 into the hole 5 from the inner spiral anchor 1, so that the upper anchor rod 21 is located outside the hole 5 and the lower anchor rod 22 is located inside the hole 5; a casing installation space is formed between the upper anchor rod 21 and the spiral anchor 1; grouting is performed into the hole 5; the connecting sleeve 3 is placed in the sleeve installation space, and the FBG optical fiber arranged on the FRP smart anchor rod 2 is led out of the composite foundation structure.

[0041] The structural design and installation method of the combination of spiral anchor and FRP anchor rod is particularly suitable for the construction of transmission towers in mountainous areas, cities and coastal areas. The mountainous area has complex terrain and changeable geological conditions. The high anchoring force of the spiral anchor and the flexible design of the FRP anchor rod can effectively cope with geological risks such as high drop and landslide. In the urban environment, the foundation construction is limited by the site and faces vibration disturbance. The light weight and high durability of the FRP anchor rod enable it to adapt to the complex construction environment and reduce the impact on surrounding buildings. The climate in coastal areas is hot and humid, and salt spray corrosion is serious. The excellent corrosion resistance of the FRP anchor rod provides a reliable guarantee for the long-term stable operation of the foundation structure. In addition, the combination of spiral anchor and FRP anchor rod can effectively cope with the geological environment of interlaced soft and hard strata and achieve optimal matching of mechanical properties. Based on the FBG optical fiber embedded in the FRP anchor rod, the stress state, deformation and vibration information of the foundation structure can be sensed in real time. Combined with the high precision and anti-interference characteristics of optical fiber sensing, the reliability and accuracy of the monitoring data are significantly improved.

[0042] In one embodiment, the system further includes a management and control decision module, which is used to: determine a management and control decision according to a state mode of the tower foundation; wherein the management and control decision at least includes tower foundation maintenance and reinforcement and prohibition of adjacent construction activities.

[0043] In a more specific embodiment, the control decision module is used to formulate corresponding control decision rules according to the state mode and damage degree of the tower foundation. According to the decision rules, control decision suggestions or instructions are automatically generated and sent to relevant departments or personnel for execution. In the case of early warning, the control decision module can automatically generate decision suggestions such as maintenance reinforcement or prohibition of construction according to the early warning results. In operation and maintenance management, the control decision module can assist in formulating long-term operation and maintenance plans and strategies to reduce operation and maintenance costs.

[0044] In one embodiment, the system also includes an evaluation feedback module, which is used to: obtain the actual state of the tower foundation after the early warning, and provide accuracy feedback on the state mode, damage judgment results and instability hazard assessment results based on the actual state of the tower foundation; obtain the stability of the tower foundation after the management and control decision is executed, and provide feedback on the correctness of the management and control decision based on the stability situation.

[0045] In a more specific embodiment, the evaluation feedback module collects actual status data of the tower foundation through on-site surveys, monitoring data, etc. The collected data is analyzed and evaluated to determine the accuracy of the early warning results and the effectiveness of the management and control decisions. According to the evaluation results, the state pattern recognition, damage judgment model and instability hazard assessment model of the early warning system are adjusted and optimized to improve the accuracy and reliability of the early warning system. At the same time, feedback and optimization are performed on the management and control decisions to improve the correctness of the decisions and the efficiency of execution.

[0046] In one embodiment, the system further includes a video monitoring module disposed at the tower base, the video monitoring module being used to obtain image data of the tower base, and to assist in confirming a state mode, damage judgment result, and instability hazard assessment result of the tower base based on the image data.

[0047] In a more specific embodiment, a high-definition camera is deployed near the pole tower foundation or at a key position to clearly capture the image of the pole tower foundation. The video monitoring module can provide intuitive image evidence to assist in determining the state and damage degree of the pole tower foundation. In emergency response, the video monitoring module can monitor the on-site situation in real time to provide support for rescue decision-making.

[0048] In one embodiment, the system further comprises a geographic information system for providing the coordinate position of the tower foundation.

[0049] In a more specific embodiment, a geographic information system (GIS) is mainly used to provide accurate coordinate location information of the pole tower foundation. The accurate location data of the pole tower foundation can be obtained through satellite positioning (such as GPS), remote sensing technology, etc. The location data of the pole tower foundation is displayed in the form of a map using GIS software or platform, so that users can intuitively understand the distribution of the pole tower foundation. GIS can assist in determining the scope of the affected area and provide decision support for emergency response. It can also help operation and maintenance personnel quickly locate the pole tower foundation and improve operation and maintenance efficiency.

[0050] The above solution combines spiral anchors with FRP anchor rods, as well as data analysis technology. The system can accurately identify construction disturbances, load changes and foundation damage, and provide efficient early warning responses through real-time evaluation of dynamic change trends.

[0051] like Figure 3 As shown, in an optional embodiment, the signal collected by the FBG optical fiber contains characteristics such as vibration, stress, strain, etc., which can characterize the load distribution and load transfer status; the signal collected by the FBG optical fiber is transmitted to the server host through the on-site extension using the 5G wireless network and stored, and the server host forwards the stored data to the management and control platform client for status identification of the tower foundation and early warning analysis, etc.

[0052] like Figure 4 As shown, in an optional embodiment, the on-site extension is used as a monitoring terminal to send data to a server, which is provided with a wireless receiver. The server stores the data on the one hand and forwards the data to the client host on the other hand. A solar power source is also deployed on site to power the on-site equipment.

[0053] The present invention is applicable to complex geological environments such as mountainous areas, cities and coastal areas. It can cope with risks such as landslides and geological deformation in mountainous areas, adapt to construction disturbances and site restrictions in cities, and defend against adverse conditions such as salt spray corrosion in coastal areas. Through the organic combination of the composite foundation of spiral anchor-FRP anchor rod and the intelligent monitoring system, the present invention significantly improves the safety, stability and intelligent monitoring level of the tower foundation, reduces the operation risk of transmission lines, and provides innovative technical solutions for the safe operation and maintenance of power infrastructure.

[0054] (1) Application of tower foundations in landslide risk areas Background: The tower foundations of power transmission lines in mountainous areas often face challenges of complex geological conditions and frequent landslides. Traditional foundation structures are difficult to provide sufficient stability in high drop and unstable strata.

[0055] Implementation method: In mountainous landslide-prone areas, a composite foundation structure composed of spiral anchors and FRP anchor rods is used. The spiral anchors are deeply anchored into the stable deep soil, providing high pull-out resistance; the FRP anchor rods effectively adapt to the ground disturbance with their high strength and light weight, and monitor the stress changes and landslide risks of the foundation structure in real time through embedded fiber optic sensors. At the same time, the system early warning module analyzes the sensor data to identify the precursors of landslides in advance and provide real-time warnings for operation and maintenance personnel.

[0056] Effect: Effectively enhance the anti-deformation ability of the tower foundation in a landslide environment, realize early perception and timely disposal of landslide risks in mountainous areas, and ensure the safe operation of transmission lines.

[0057] (2) Application of tower foundations in high-density construction areas in cities Background: In urban environments, tower foundations are affected by surrounding high-density buildings and construction vibrations. Traditional foundations are prone to uneven settlement or structural instability due to construction disturbances.

[0058] Implementation method: In high-density construction areas in cities, a composite foundation structure consisting of spiral anchors and FRP anchor rods is installed. The spiral anchors provide stable soil embedding performance and adapt to construction conditions in limited sites; the FRP anchor rods use embedded FBG fiber optic sensors to monitor the vibration and settlement of the foundation in real time. Through the intelligent monitoring system, the stability of the foundation structure is accurately identified and dynamically evaluated. The system provides graded warnings based on the risk level and sends alarms to relevant personnel through mobile phone APP or management platform.

[0059] Effect: Reduce the impact of construction disturbance on the tower foundation, reduce the risk of accidents caused by foundation instability, and improve the adaptability and monitoring accuracy of the foundation structure.

[0060] (3) Application of tower foundations in coastal high-corrosion areas Background: The climate in coastal areas is hot and humid, and salt spray corrosion is severe. Traditional steel structure foundations are prone to corrosion and aging problems, making it difficult to maintain foundation stability for a long time.

[0061] Implementation method: In coastal areas, a composite foundation structure of spiral anchors and FRP anchor rods is selected, and the corrosion resistance of FRP anchor rods is used to significantly extend the service life of the foundation structure. The spiral anchor provides a firm soil anchoring force, while the fiber optic sensor embedded in the FRP anchor rod monitors the stress distribution and force changes of the foundation in real time, and the temperature compensation function is combined to eliminate the impact of environmental temperature and humidity changes on the monitoring data. Through the remote monitoring platform, the impact of the salt spray environment on the foundation structure is dynamically evaluated, and anti-corrosion maintenance or risk warning is carried out in a timely manner.

[0062] Effect: Improve the durability and operational stability of tower foundations in coastal areas, reduce foundation damage caused by corrosion, and achieve active protection and efficient operation and maintenance through intelligent monitoring systems.

[0063] Example 2 like Figure 5 As shown, based on the same inventive concept as the above embodiment, the present invention also provides a tower foundation stress state early warning method, comprising the following specific steps: S1. Using a preset recognition algorithm to perform feature analysis and recognition on the signal from the FRP anchor rod, obtain the foundation stress state characteristics and the tower foundation deformation response characteristics; according to the foundation stress state characteristics and the tower foundation deformation response characteristics, determine the load distribution, transfer state and deformation state of the tower foundation; according to the load distribution, transfer state, deformation state of the tower foundation and a preset mode classifier, determine the state mode of the tower foundation; wherein each FRP anchor rod is arranged at the tower foundation, and the FRP anchor rod is provided with an FBG optical fiber; S2. Determine the damage judgment result of the tower foundation according to the load distribution, transfer state, deformation state and a preset damage diagnosis model; S3. Based on the state mode and damage judgment results, the stability of the tower foundation is analyzed and judged to obtain the instability hazard assessment result; and an early warning is issued based on the instability hazard assessment result and the preset early warning judgment threshold.

[0064] Example 3 like Figure 6 As shown, the present invention also provides an electronic device 100 for implementing a method for early warning of a stress state of a tower foundation; The electronic device 100 includes a memory 101 , at least one processor 102 , a computer program 103 stored in the memory 101 and executable on the at least one processor 102 , and at least one communication bus 104 .

[0065] The memory 101 can be used to store a computer program 103. The processor 102 implements the steps of a tower foundation stress state early warning method in Example 2 by running or executing the computer program stored in the memory 101 and calling the data stored in the memory 101.

[0066] The memory 101 may mainly include a program storage area and a data storage area, wherein the program storage area may store an operating system, an application required for at least one function (such as a sound playback function, an image playback function, etc.), etc.; the data storage area may store data (such as audio data) created according to the use of the electronic device 100, etc. In addition, the memory 101 may include a non-volatile memory, such as a hard disk, a memory, a plug-in hard disk, a smart memory card (Smart Media Card, SMC), a secure digital (Secure Digital, SD) card, a flash card (Flash Card), at least one disk storage device, a flash memory device, or other non-volatile solid-state storage devices.

[0067] At least one processor 102 may be a central processing unit (CPU), or other general-purpose processors, digital signal processors (DSP), application-specific integrated circuits (ASIC), field-programmable gate arrays (FPGA) or other programmable logic devices, discrete gate or transistor logic devices, discrete hardware components, etc. The processor 102 may be a microprocessor or any conventional processor, etc. The processor 102 is the control center of the electronic device 100, and uses various interfaces and lines to connect various parts of the entire electronic device 100.

[0068] The memory 101 in the electronic device 100 stores a plurality of instructions to implement a tower foundation stress state early warning method, and the processor 102 can execute the plurality of instructions to implement: A preset recognition algorithm is used to perform feature analysis and recognition on the signal from the FRP anchor rod, and the foundation stress state characteristics and the tower foundation deformation response characteristics are obtained; the load distribution, transfer state and deformation state of the tower foundation are determined according to the foundation stress state characteristics and the tower foundation deformation response characteristics; the state mode of the tower foundation is determined according to the load distribution, transfer state, deformation state of the tower foundation and a preset mode classifier; wherein each FRP anchor rod is arranged at the tower foundation, and the FRP anchor rod is provided with an FBG optical fiber; Determining the damage judgment result of the tower foundation according to the load distribution, transfer state, deformation state and a preset damage diagnosis model; The stability of the tower foundation is analyzed based on the state mode and damage judgment results to obtain the instability hazard assessment results; an early warning is issued based on the instability hazard assessment results and the preset early warning judgment threshold.

[0069] Example 4 If the module / unit integrated in the electronic device 100 is implemented in the form of a software functional unit and sold or used as an independent product, it can be stored in a computer-readable storage medium. Based on this understanding, the present invention implements all or part of the processes in the above-mentioned embodiment method, and can also be completed by instructing the relevant hardware through a computer program. The computer program can be stored in a computer-readable storage medium, and the computer program can implement the steps of the above-mentioned method embodiments when executed by the processor. Among them, the computer program includes computer program code, and the computer program code can be in source code form, object code form, executable file or some intermediate form. Computer-readable media may include: any entity or device capable of carrying computer program code, recording medium, U disk, mobile hard disk, disk, optical disk, computer memory and read-only memory (ROM, Read-Only Memory).

[0070] It will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that embodiments of the present invention may be provided as methods, systems, or computer program products. Therefore, the present invention may take the form of a complete hardware embodiment, a complete software embodiment, or an embodiment combining software and hardware. Furthermore, the present invention may take the form of a computer program product implemented on one or more computer-usable storage media (including but not limited to disk storage, CD-ROM, optical storage, etc.) containing computer-usable program code.

[0071] The present invention is described with reference to flowcharts and / or block diagrams of methods, devices (systems), and computer program products according to embodiments of the present invention. It should be understood that each process and / or block in the flowchart and / or block diagram, as well as the combination of processes and / or blocks in the flowchart and / or block diagram, can be implemented by computer program instructions. These computer program instructions can be provided to a processor of a general-purpose computer, a special-purpose computer, an embedded processor, or other programmable data processing device to produce a machine, so that the instructions executed by the processor of the computer or other programmable data processing device generate instructions for implementing the processes in the flowchart and / or block diagram. Figure 1 A process or multiple processes and / or boxes Figure 1 A device that provides the functions specified in a block or multiple blocks.

[0072] These computer program instructions may also be stored in a computer-readable memory capable of directing a computer or other programmable data processing device to operate in a specific manner, so that the instructions stored in the computer-readable memory produce an article of manufacture comprising an instruction device, which implements the process Figure 1 A process or multiple processes and / or boxes Figure 1 A function specified in one or more boxes.

[0073] These computer program instructions can also be loaded onto a computer or other programmable data processing device so that a series of operating steps are executed on the computer or other programmable device to produce a computer-implemented process, thereby providing instructions for implementing the process. Figure 1 A process or multiple processes and / or boxes Figure 1 The steps for the functions specified in one or more boxes.

[0074] In the description of this specification, the description with reference to the terms "one embodiment", "example", "specific example", etc. means that the specific features, structures, materials or characteristics described in conjunction with the embodiment or example are included in at least one embodiment or example of the present invention. In this specification, the schematic representation of the above terms does not necessarily refer to the same embodiment or example. Moreover, the specific features, structures, materials or characteristics described can be combined in any one or more embodiments or examples in a suitable manner.

[0075] Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention rather than to limit it. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the above embodiments, ordinary technicians in the relevant field should understand that the specific implementation methods of the present invention can still be modified or replaced by equivalents. Any modification or equivalent replacement that does not depart from the spirit and scope of the present invention should be covered within the scope of protection of the claims of the present invention.

Claims

1. A tower foundation stress state early warning system, characterized in that: include: Each FRP anchor rod is arranged at the tower foundation, and the FRP anchor rod is provided with a FBG optical fiber; The state signal pattern recognition module is used to perform feature analysis and recognition on the signal from the FRP anchor rod using a preset recognition algorithm to obtain the foundation stress state characteristics and the tower foundation deformation response characteristics; Determine the load distribution, transfer state and deformation state of the tower foundation according to the stress state characteristics of the foundation and the deformation response characteristics of the tower foundation; determine the state mode of the tower foundation according to a preset mode classifier and the load distribution, transfer state and deformation state of the tower foundation; A tower foundation damage diagnosis module, used to determine the damage judgment result of the tower foundation according to the load distribution, transfer state, deformation state and a preset damage diagnosis model; The tower foundation instability hazard early warning module is used to analyze the stability of the tower foundation based on the state mode and damage judgment results, and obtain the instability hazard assessment results; An early warning is issued based on the instability hazard assessment results and the preset early warning judgment threshold.

2. The tower foundation stress state early warning system according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The state signal pattern recognition module is specifically used for: The signals from the FRP anchors are analyzed and identified using a preset recognition algorithm to obtain the foundation stress state characteristics and the tower foundation deformation response characteristics; wherein the foundation stress state characteristics include vibration, load, displacement signal strength and the position of the FRP anchors, and the tower foundation deformation response characteristics include foundation settlement and three-dimensional non-uniform deformation of the foundation structure; Based on the stress state characteristics of the foundation, the load distribution of the tower foundation is inverted and analyzed to determine the distribution and transfer path of the load in the tower foundation. Based on the deformation response characteristics of the tower foundation, the rate and amount of foundation settlement are calculated, and the degree and range of three-dimensional non-uniform deformation of the foundation structure are analyzed to obtain quantitative evaluation results of the deformation state. The distribution and transfer path of the load in the tower foundation, as well as the quantitative evaluation results of the deformation state are input into a preset pattern classifier, which identifies the state mode of the tower foundation; the state mode includes normal state, slight damage, severe damage and potential instability state.

3. The tower foundation stress state early warning system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The tower foundation damage diagnosis module is specifically used for: Extract tower foundation damage-related features from load distribution, transfer state and deformation state; tower foundation damage-related features include uneven load distribution, abnormal changes in transfer path and significant changes in deformation state; The tower foundation damage-related features are input into a preset damage diagnosis model, and the damage diagnosis model outputs a damage judgment result of the tower foundation.

4. The tower foundation stress state early warning system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The tower foundation instability hazard early warning module is specifically used for: Assign a weight to each state mode, and use the weight value of the current state mode corresponding to the tower foundation as the state mode evaluation factor; Linearly mapping the damage judgment result to a preset range as a damage judgment result evaluation factor; Determine the instability hazard index based on the state mode assessment factor and the damage judgment result assessment factor; The instability hazard index is compared with the preset warning judgment threshold, and the corresponding warning signal is determined according to the comparison result.

5. The tower foundation stress state early warning system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The FRP anchor rod (2) comprises an upper anchor rod (21) and a lower anchor rod (22) which are connected to each other; wherein both the upper anchor rod (21) and the lower anchor rod (22) are provided with FBG optical fibers; The upper anchor rod (21) is threadedly connected to the connecting sleeve (3), and the connecting sleeve (3) is threadedly connected to the spiral anchor (1); the spiral anchor (1) is screwed into the soil layer to a designed depth; a hole (5) is provided in the rock layer below the spiral anchor (1); the upper anchor rod (21) is located outside the hole (5), and the lower anchor rod (22) is located inside the hole (5); and the hole (5) is filled with grouting.

6. The tower foundation stress state early warning system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The system also includes a management and control decision module, which is used to: The control decision is determined according to the state mode of the tower foundation; wherein the control decision at least includes the maintenance and reinforcement of the tower foundation and the prohibition of adjacent construction activities.

7. The tower foundation stress state early warning system according to claim 6, characterized in that: The system also includes an evaluation feedback module, which is used to: Obtain the actual status of the tower foundation after the early warning, and provide accuracy feedback on the status mode, damage judgment results and instability hazard assessment results based on the actual status of the tower foundation; Obtain the stability of the tower foundation after the execution of the control decision, and provide feedback on the correctness of the control decision based on the stability status.

8. The tower foundation stress state early warning system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The system also includes a video monitoring module arranged at the tower base, which is used to obtain image data of the tower base and to assist in confirming the state mode, damage judgment result and instability hazard assessment result of the tower base based on the image data.

9. The tower foundation stress state early warning system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The system also includes a geographic information system for providing the coordinate position of the tower foundation.

10. A tower foundation stress state early warning method, characterized in that: The specific steps include: The preset recognition algorithm is used to perform feature analysis and recognition on the signal from the FRP anchor rod to obtain the foundation stress state characteristics and the tower foundation deformation response characteristics; According to the stress state characteristics of the foundation and the deformation response characteristics of the tower foundation, the load distribution, transfer state and deformation state of the tower foundation are determined; according to the load distribution, transfer state, deformation state of the tower foundation and a preset mode classifier, the state mode of the tower foundation is determined; wherein each FRP anchor rod is arranged at the tower foundation, and the FRP anchor rod is provided with an FBG optical fiber; Determining the damage judgment result of the tower foundation according to the load distribution, transfer state, deformation state and a preset damage diagnosis model; The stability of the tower foundation is analyzed based on the state mode and damage judgment results to obtain the instability hazard assessment results; an early warning is issued based on the instability hazard assessment results and the preset early warning judgment threshold.

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