Testing device for simulating influence of sea waves on transmission shaft

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of ship main shaft performance test, and discloses a test device for simulating the influence of sea waves on a transmission shaft, which comprises a shaft system experiment bench, a transmission main shaft is arranged on the right side of a ship gear box, and a shaft power speed measurement assembly is arranged on the top of the shaft system experiment bench. The top of the shafting experiment bench is provided with a push rod assembly, and the left side of the magnetic powder brake is fixedly provided with a torque rotating speed sensor. According to the test device for simulating the influence of the sea waves on the transmission shaft, loading forces in three directions are respectively applied to the transmission main shaft through a first electric push rod, a second electric push rod and a third electric push rod, and the effect of sea wave impact on shafting deformation is simulated; data such as rotating speed, strain, torque, vibration frequency, shaft power and noise frequency of a transmission main shaft are acquired and uploaded to a digital twin platform system by an industrial personal computer and a host server for three-dimensional reconstruction, so that the influence of sea wave fluctuation on a shafting of a ship is visually analyzed and researched.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of ship main shaft performance testing, in particular to a testing device for simulating the influence of sea waves on a transmission shaft. Background Art

[0002] The shipping industry plays an important role in safeguarding national maritime rights and interests and economic security, promoting the development of foreign trade, and promoting industrial transformation and upgrading. Since ships are important equipment for the development of the shipping industry, the ship power system is regarded as the "heart" of the overall structure of the ship. The shaft system (including bearings) is the key part connecting the main engine and the propeller. It needs to operate in an environment with complex working modes, diverse operating environments, changeable operating conditions and strict operating conditions. The performance of the ship shaft system has strong time-varying, environmental responsiveness and system coupling. During the navigation of the ship, the surging waves will also have a certain impact on the structure and stability of the hull drive shaft. Therefore, the simulation of the impact of waves on the drive shaft is a topic of current discussion.

[0003] After searching, it was found that a detection method, a counterweight plate and a detection method for a ship shaft system were disclosed in an invention patent with Chinese patent publication number CN114252198A. The detection method for the ship shaft system in the invention patent is to select a rotating shaft close to the propeller and a rotating shaft close to the coupling as the first detection position and the second detection position on the ship shaft system, respectively, adjust the counterweight weight at the detection position, and then detect the imbalance at the first detection position and the second detection position. However, the ship shaft system detection method does not have a simulation test on the deformation of the hull drive shaft structure caused by the impact force generated by the wave when the ship propels the shaft system, and it is impossible to perform further three-dimensional simulation analysis on the experimental data. Therefore, the research method on the influence of waves on the ship shaft system needs to be further improved, so a test device for simulating the influence of waves on the drive shaft is proposed. Summary of the invention

[0004] 1. Technical issues to be solved

[0005] In view of the shortcomings of the prior art, the present invention provides a test device for simulating the impact of waves on the drive shaft, which has the advantages of simulating waves to conduct shaft elastic bending tests and quickly collecting experimental data for three-dimensional simulation display, solving the problem that the ship shaft system detection method in the above-mentioned background technology cannot perform data simulation tests on the impact of waves on the shaft system during propulsion operation.

[0006] (II) Technical solution

[0007] In order to achieve the purpose of simulating the above-mentioned sea waves to conduct the shaft elastic bending test and quickly collect the experimental data for three-dimensional simulation display, the present invention provides the following technical solutions: a test device for simulating the influence of sea waves on the transmission shaft, comprising a shaft system test bench, wherein a simulation test structure is arranged on the inner side of the shaft system test bench;

[0008] The simulation test structure includes a drive motor and a diesel engine, both of which are fixedly installed on the left side of the top of the shaft system test bench. The output end of the diesel engine is fixedly connected to a ship gearbox, and a transmission main shaft is arranged on the right side of the ship gearbox. A shaft power speed measuring assembly is arranged on the top of the shaft system test bench, and a push rod assembly is arranged on the top of the shaft system test bench. A magnetic powder brake is fixedly installed on the right side of the top of the shaft system test bench, and a torque speed sensor is fixedly installed on the left side of the magnetic powder brake.

[0009] Preferably, the left and right sides of the ship gearbox are rotatably connected with a power input shaft and a power output shaft respectively, the output end of the diesel engine is coaxially fixed with the power input shaft through a coupling, a speed change gear structure is arranged inside the ship gearbox, and the right end of the power output shaft is fixedly connected with the left end of the transmission main shaft.

[0010] Preferably, the drive motor and the diesel engine are electrically connected to the digital twin platform system, the digital twin platform system is data connected to an industrial computer, the industrial computer is externally connected to a host server via a data signal, and the host server is data connected to the digital twin platform system.

[0011] Preferably, the shaft power speed measuring assembly includes a mounting ring frame fixed to the top of the shaft system test bench, the transmission main shaft is suspended on the inner side of the mounting ring frame, a photoelectric speed sensor is fixedly installed on the inner top wall of the mounting ring frame, the photoelectric speed sensor is provided with a transmitting tube and a receiving tube on the side facing the reflective plate, and the outside of the transmission main shaft is fixedly connected to the reflective plate.

[0012] Preferably, four strain gauges are pasted on the outside of the transmission main shaft, and the four strain gauges are evenly distributed along the center line of the transmission main shaft and at an angle of 45 degrees. An eddy current vibration sensor is fixedly installed on the inner bottom wall of the mounting ring frame, and an eddy current sensing probe is arranged at the bottom of the eddy current vibration sensor.

[0013] Preferably, the push rod assembly includes a positioning frame fixed to the top of the shaft system test bench and having an L-shaped structure, the inner top wall and the inner front wall of the positioning frame are respectively fixed with a first electric push rod and a second electric push rod, and a third electric push rod is fixedly installed on the top of the shaft system test bench.

[0014] Preferably, an octagonal sleeve is coaxially fixed to the outside of the transmission main shaft, and the first electric push rod, the second electric push rod and the third electric push rod are all fixedly connected with buffer springs at one end facing the octagonal sleeve, and one end of each buffer spring is fixedly connected with a pressure sensor.

[0015] Preferably, two bearing supports are fixedly installed on the top of the shaft system test bench, the transmission main shaft is rotatably connected to the inner sides of the two bearing supports, and the front sides of the two bearing supports are fixedly connected with a lubricating oil delivery pipe with a Y-shaped structure.

[0016] Preferably, the lubricating oil delivery pipe is connected to an oil storage tank at the end away from the two bearing supports, a noise sensor is fixedly installed on the outside of one of the bearing supports, and the torque and speed sensor is fixedly connected to a coupling at the end away from the magnetic powder brake, and the coupling is coaxially fixed to the right end of the transmission main shaft.

[0017] (III) Beneficial effects

[0018] Compared with the prior art, the present invention provides a test device for simulating the influence of sea waves on a transmission shaft, which has the following beneficial effects:

[0019] 1. The test device for simulating the influence of sea waves on the transmission shaft simulates the operation process of the ship shaft system by setting up a diesel engine, a ship gearbox and a transmission main shaft. At this time, electric push rod structures are set on the upper and lower sides and the front side of the transmission main shaft. The first electric push rod, the second electric push rod and the third electric push rod are used to load the transmission main shaft in three directions respectively. At this time, the transmission main shaft produces an elastic deformation of 1 mm, which is convenient for simulating the effect of sea wave impact on the deformation of the shaft system.

[0020] 2. The test device that simulates the impact of waves on the drive shaft detects the speed, torque, vibration frequency, shaft power and noise frequency after bending deformation of the drive shaft by setting photoelectric speed sensors, strain gauges, eddy current vibration sensors, torque speed sensors and noise sensors on the outside of the drive shaft. After the collected data is received by the industrial computer, the host server uploads the data to the digital twin platform system for three-dimensional simulation reconstruction, so as to visualize the analysis and study of the impact of the ship's wave fluctuations on the shaft system. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0021] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the shaft system test bench structure of the present invention;

[0022] Figure 2 for Figure 1 Schematic diagram of some structures in the viewing angle;

[0023] Figure 3 for Figure 1Schematic diagram of the push rod assembly structure in perspective;

[0024] Figure 4 for Figure 1 Schematic diagram of the structure of the axis power speed measurement component in the viewing angle;

[0025] Figure 5 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of the strain gauge of the present invention;

[0026] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the connection module of the digital twin platform system of the present invention;

[0027] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of a test of a sagging state of a ship according to the present invention;

[0028] Figure 8 It is a schematic diagram of the ship hooning state test of the present invention.

[0029] In the figure: 1. Shaft system test bench; 2. Simulation test structure; 201. Drive motor; 202. Diesel engine; 203. Ship gearbox; 204. Transmission main shaft; 205. Shaft power speed measurement assembly; 2051. Mounting ring frame; 2052. Photoelectric speed sensor; 2053. Strain gauge; 2054. Eddy current vibration sensor; 206. Push rod assembly; 2061. Positioning frame; 2062. First electric push rod; 2063. Second electric push rod; 2064. Third electric push rod; 207. Magnetic powder brake; 208. Torque speed sensor; 3. Digital twin platform system; 4. Industrial computer; 5. Host server; 6. Octagonal sleeve column; 7. Bearing support; 8. Noise sensor. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0030] The following will be combined with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention to clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0031] See also Figure 1-8 , a test device for simulating the influence of sea waves on a transmission shaft, comprising a shaft system test bench 1, a simulation test structure 2 is arranged inside the shaft system test bench 1;

[0032] The simulation test structure 2 includes a drive motor 201 and a diesel engine 202, both of which are fixedly installed on the left side of the top of the shaft system test bench 1. The output end of the diesel engine 202 is fixedly connected to a ship gearbox 203. A transmission main shaft 204 is arranged on the right side of the ship gearbox 203. A shaft power speed measuring assembly 205 is arranged on the top of the shaft system test bench 1. A push rod assembly 206 is arranged on the top of the shaft system test bench 1. A magnetic powder brake 207 is fixedly installed on the right side of the top of the shaft system test bench 1. A torque speed sensor 208 is fixedly installed on the left side of the magnetic powder brake 207.

[0033] Furthermore, the left and right sides of the ship gearbox 203 are rotatably connected with a power input shaft and a power output shaft respectively, the output end of the diesel engine 202 is coaxially fixed with the power input shaft through a coupling, and a speed change gear structure is arranged inside the ship gearbox 203, and the right end of the power output shaft is fixedly connected with the left end of the transmission main shaft 204.

[0034] Specifically, a drive motor 201, a diesel engine 202 and a ship gearbox 203 are used as a ship power system to realize the braking, acceleration and deceleration and reversing processing of the ship. The drive motor 201 model is YVF2-280S-4, the diesel engine 202 model is X6105BD5 and the speed is 1800r / min;

[0035] The power output shaft of the ship gearbox 203 is connected to the transmission main shaft 204 to simulate the rotation effect of the transmission main shaft 204 during the ship's travel. The reduction ratio of the ship gearbox 203 is 3:1, and its switching time is 10s.

[0036] Furthermore, the drive motor 201 and the diesel engine 202 are electrically connected to the digital twin platform system 3, the digital twin platform system 3 is data-connected to the industrial computer 4, the industrial computer 4 is externally connected to the host server 5 through data signals, and the host server 5 is data-connected to the digital twin platform system 3.

[0037] Specifically, the drive motor 201 and the diesel engine 202 are electrically connected to the digital twin platform system 3, which is convenient for uploading the ship's power data. The detection data of various sensor components in the shaft system test bench 1 are monitored through the industrial computer 4, so as to facilitate sending corresponding control instructions to the shaft system test bench 1. The host server 5 is connected to the industrial computer 4 through the MODBUS protocol, which is convenient for retrieving data from the path specified by the industrial computer 4 and then uploading the data to the digital twin platform system 3.

[0038] Furthermore, the shaft power speed measuring assembly 205 includes a mounting ring frame 2051 fixed to the top of the shaft system test bench 1, the transmission main shaft 204 is suspended on the inner side of the mounting ring frame 2051, and a photoelectric speed sensor 2052 is fixedly installed on the inner top wall of the mounting ring frame 2051. The photoelectric speed sensor 2052 is provided with a transmitting tube and a receiving tube on the side facing the reflector, and the outside of the transmission main shaft 204 is fixedly connected to the reflector.

[0039] Specifically, the transmission main shaft 204 rotates in suspension on the inner side of the mounting ring frame 2051. At this time, the reflective sheet rotates synchronously with the transmission main shaft 204, and the detection light is emitted to the transmission main shaft 204 through the transmitting tube of the photoelectric speed sensor 2052. At this time, each time the reflective sheet passes through the detection area, the receiving tube will receive a reflection signal once, and the photoelectric converter inside the photoelectric speed sensor 2052 will output a pulse signal accordingly. The speed data of the transmission main shaft 204 can be obtained by using the pulse counting algorithm module of the industrial computer 4, and the reflective sheet can be made of reflective materials such as reflective paper tape (tape) or aluminum foil.

[0040] Furthermore, four strain gauges 2053 are pasted on the outside of the transmission main shaft 204, and the four strain gauges 2053 are evenly distributed along the center line of the transmission main shaft 204 and at an angle of 45 degrees. An eddy current vibration sensor 2054 is fixedly installed on the inner bottom wall of the mounting ring frame 2051, and an eddy current sensing probe is arranged at the bottom of the eddy current vibration sensor 2054.

[0041] Specifically, a strain gauge 2053 is arranged outside the transmission main shaft 204, and four strain gauges 2053 are distributed along the center line of the transmission main shaft 204 at an angle of 45 degrees, so as to form a full-bridge circuit. When the transmission main shaft 204 rotates, deformation stress will be generated on the shaft surface. At this time, the stress is transmitted to the strain gauge 2053, so that the resistance data of the strain gauge 2053 changes, and the resistance data is transmitted to the industrial computer 4 to detect the torque value, and the shaft power of the transmission main shaft 204 is calculated according to the torque value.

[0042] At the same time, an eddy current vibration sensor 2054 is fixed on the inner top wall of the mounting ring frame 2051, and its bottom is an eddy current sensing probe structure. The eddy current sensing probe is used in combination with the eddy current principle to detect the change in the spacing with the transmission main shaft 204, thereby detecting the vibration frequency data of the transmission main shaft 204.

[0043] Furthermore, the push rod assembly 206 includes a positioning frame 2061 fixed to the top of the shaft system test bench 1 and having an L-shaped structure, the inner top wall and the inner front wall of the positioning frame 2061 are respectively fixed with a first electric push rod 2062 and a second electric push rod 2063, and a third electric push rod 2064 is fixedly installed on the top of the shaft system test bench 1.

[0044] Specifically, a first electric push rod 2062 , a second electric push rod 2063 and a third electric push rod 2064 are respectively arranged on the upper and lower sides and the front side of the transmission main shaft 204 , and the three electric push rods are used to apply deformation loading force on the transmission main shaft 204 in three directions.

[0045] Furthermore, an octagonal sleeve column 6 is coaxially fixed to the outside of the transmission main shaft 204, and the first electric push rod 2062, the second electric push rod 2063 and the third electric push rod 2064 are fixedly connected with buffer springs at one end facing the octagonal sleeve column 6, and one end of each buffer spring is fixedly connected with a pressure sensor.

[0046] Specifically, each electric push rod is provided with a buffer spring and a pressure sensor at one end facing the octagonal sleeve column 6. The pressure sensor collects pressure data through modbus RTU to facilitate the control of the loading force of the electric push rod. The loading force of each electric push rod is 12KN, which can cause the transmission main shaft 204 to deform by 1mm.

[0047] The first electric push rod 2062 and the third electric push rod 2064 are controlled to push the buffer spring and the pressure sensor module respectively, so that they apply loading force to the upper and lower sides of the octagonal sleeve column 6 and the transmission main shaft 204, in order to simulate the effect of the waves on the upper and lower sides of the transmission main shaft 204, that is, the simulation test of the waves on the sagging and cambering states of the hull;

[0048] The second electric push rod 2063 is controlled to apply a loading force to the side of the octagonal sleeve column 6 and the transmission main shaft 204, the purpose of which is to simulate the test of the force applied by the waves on the lateral bending of the transmission main shaft 204.

[0049] Furthermore, two bearing supports 7 are fixedly installed on the top of the shaft system test bench 1, the transmission main shaft 204 is rotatably connected to the inner sides of the two bearing supports 7, and the front sides of the two bearing supports 7 are fixedly connected with a Y-shaped lubricating oil delivery pipe.

[0050] Specifically, lubricating oil is delivered to the inner sides of the two bearing supports 7 through the lubricating oil delivery pipe to ensure the rotation effect between the transmission main shaft 204 and the two bearing supports 7.

[0051] Furthermore, the lubricating oil delivery pipe is connected to an oil storage tank at one end away from the two bearing supports 7, a noise sensor 8 is fixedly installed on the outside of one of the bearing supports 7, and the torque and speed sensor 208 is fixedly connected to a coupling at the end away from the magnetic powder brake 207, and the coupling is coaxially fixed to the right end of the transmission main shaft 204.

[0052] Specifically, the noise sensor 8 is composed of a vibration film and a capacitive electret microphone and other main structures. Since there are free charges distributed on the vibration film, when the external sound wave causes the vibration film to vibrate and produce a certain displacement, it will cause the capacitance of the capacitor to change. The change in capacitance will correspond to a small voltage change, realizing the conversion of the sound signal to the electrical signal, thereby realizing the noise frequency detection;

[0053] The magnetic powder brake 207 is a transmission element that uses magnetic powder as a medium and forms a magnetic powder chain to transmit torque when power is turned on. It is mainly composed of an inner rotor, an outer rotor, an excitation coil and magnetic powder. After the DC power supply is turned on, an electromagnetic field is generated. The working medium magnetic powder forms a magnetic powder chain under the action of magnetic lines of force, connecting the inner rotor and the outer rotor, thereby achieving the purpose of transmitting and braking the torque control. The torque speed sensor 208 is connected to the transmission main shaft 204 through a coupling, which can detect the torque and speed power of the coupling and the transmission main shaft 204 when they are rotating.

[0054] In summary, the test device for simulating the influence of sea waves on the transmission shaft simulates the operation process of the ship shaft system by setting the diesel engine 202, the ship gear box 203 and the transmission main shaft 204. At this time, electric push rod structures are set on the upper and lower sides and the front side of the transmission main shaft 204. The first electric push rod 2062, the second electric push rod 2063 and the third electric push rod 2064 are used to load the transmission main shaft 204 in three directions. At this time, the transmission main shaft 204 produces an elastic deformation of 1 mm, which is convenient for simulating the effect of sea wave impact on the deformation of the shaft system. A photoelectric speed sensor 2052, a strain gauge 2053, an eddy current vibration sensor 2054, a torque speed sensor 208 and a noise sensor 8 are respectively arranged on the outside of the driving main shaft 204 to detect data such as the speed, torque, vibration frequency, shaft power and noise frequency after bending deformation when the driving main shaft 204 rotates. After the collected data is received by the industrial computer 4, the host server 5 uploads the data to the digital twin platform system 3 for three-dimensional simulation reconstruction, so as to visualize the analysis and study of the influence of the wave fluctuations on the shaft system of the ship.

[0055] It should be noted that, in this article, relational terms such as first and second, etc. are only used to distinguish one entity or operation from another entity or operation, and do not necessarily require or imply any such actual relationship or order between these entities or operations. Moreover, the terms "include", "comprise" or any other variants thereof are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion, so that a process, method, article or device including a series of elements includes not only those elements, but also other elements not explicitly listed, or also includes elements inherent to such process, method, article or device. In the absence of further restrictions, the elements defined by the sentence "comprise a ..." do not exclude the existence of other identical elements in the process, method, article or device including the elements.

[0056] Although embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described, it will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that various changes, modifications, substitutions and variations may be made to the embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the present invention, and that the scope of the present invention is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A test device for simulating the influence of sea waves on a transmission shaft, comprising a shaft system test bench (1), characterized in that: A simulation test structure (2) is arranged inside the shaft system test bench (1); The simulation test structure (2) comprises a driving motor (201) and a diesel engine (202) both fixedly mounted on the left side of the top of a shaft system test bench (1); the output end of the diesel engine (202) is fixedly connected to a ship gearbox (203); a transmission main shaft (204) is arranged on the right side of the ship gearbox (203); a shaft power speed measuring assembly (205) is arranged on the top of the shaft system test bench (1); a push rod assembly (206) is arranged on the top of the shaft system test bench (1); a magnetic powder brake (207) is fixedly mounted on the right side of the top of the shaft system test bench (1); and a torque speed sensor (208) is fixedly mounted on the left side of the magnetic powder brake (207).

2. A test device for simulating the influence of sea waves on a transmission shaft according to claim 1, characterized in that: The left and right sides of the ship gearbox (203) are rotatably connected to a power input shaft and a power output shaft respectively; the output end of the diesel engine (202) is coaxially fixed to the power input shaft via a coupling; a speed change gear structure is provided inside the ship gearbox (203); and the right end of the power output shaft is fixedly connected to the left end of the transmission main shaft (204).

3. A test device for simulating the influence of sea waves on a transmission shaft according to claim 1, characterized in that: The drive motor (201) and the diesel engine (202) are both electrically connected to a digital twin platform system (3), the digital twin platform system (3) is data-connected to an industrial computer (4), the industrial computer (4) is externally connected to a host server (5) via a data signal, and the host server (5) is data-connected to the digital twin platform system (3).

4. A test device for simulating the influence of sea waves on a transmission shaft according to claim 1, characterized in that: The shaft power speed measurement assembly (205) comprises a mounting ring frame (2051) fixed to the top of a shaft system test bench (1); the transmission main shaft (204) is suspended on the inner side of the mounting ring frame (2051); a photoelectric speed sensor (2052) is fixedly mounted on the inner top wall of the mounting ring frame (2051); the photoelectric speed sensor (2052) is provided with a transmitting tube and a receiving tube on a side facing the reflective sheet; and the outside of the transmission main shaft (204) is fixedly connected to the reflective sheet.

5. A test device for simulating the influence of sea waves on a transmission shaft according to claim 4, characterized in that: Four strain gauges (2053) are attached to the outside of the transmission main shaft (204), and the four strain gauges (2053) are evenly distributed along the center line of the transmission main shaft (204) at an angle of 45 degrees. An eddy current vibration sensor (2054) is fixedly mounted on the inner bottom wall of the mounting ring frame (2051), and an eddy current sensing probe is arranged at the bottom of the eddy current vibration sensor (2054).

6. The test device for simulating the influence of sea waves on a transmission shaft according to claim 1, characterized in that: The push rod assembly (206) comprises a positioning frame (2061) fixed to the top of the shaft system test bench (1) and having an L-shaped structure, the inner top wall and the inner front wall of the positioning frame (2061) are respectively fixed with a first electric push rod (2062) and a second electric push rod (2063), and the top of the shaft system test bench (1) is fixedly installed with a third electric push rod (2064).

7. A test device for simulating the influence of sea waves on a transmission shaft according to claim 6, characterized in that: An octagonal sleeve column (6) is coaxially fixed to the outside of the transmission main shaft (204); the first electric push rod (2062), the second electric push rod (2063) and the third electric push rod (2064) are all fixedly connected to a buffer spring at one end facing the octagonal sleeve column (6); and one end of each buffer spring is fixedly connected to a pressure sensor.

8. The test device for simulating the influence of sea waves on a transmission shaft according to claim 1, characterized in that: Two bearing supports (7) are fixedly mounted on the top of the shaft system experimental bench (1); the transmission main shaft (204) is rotatably connected to the inner sides of the two bearing supports (7); and the front sides of the two bearing supports (7) are fixedly connected to lubricating oil delivery pipes of a Y-shaped structure.

9. A test device for simulating the influence of sea waves on a transmission shaft according to claim 8, characterized in that: The lubricating oil delivery pipe is externally connected to an oil storage tank at one end away from the two bearing supports (7), a noise sensor (8) is fixedly installed on the outside of one of the bearing supports (7), and the torque speed sensor (208) is fixedly connected to a coupling at one end away from the magnetic powder brake (207), and the coupling is coaxially fixed to the right end of the transmission main shaft (204).

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