Film bag concrete filling quality detection method and system

Abstract

The invention provides a film bag concrete filling quality detection method and system, and relates to the technical field of engineering quality detection, the method is applied to an ultrasonic sensing system, and the method comprises the following steps: in a concrete filling process, obtaining wave velocity data collected by each ultrasonic sensor, an ultrasonic sensor collects the wave velocity data from a plurality of different positions of the membrane bag concrete; calculating the compactness of different positions of the membrane bag concrete according to the wave velocity data; according to the compactness of different positions of the film bag concrete, compactness distribution in the film bag concrete is generated; and in combination with compactness distribution in the film bag concrete, a defect area in the film bag concrete is positioned. According to the method, the irregular compactness distribution in the film bag concrete can be accurately evaluated, so that the accuracy of filling quality detection of the film bag concrete is improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present application relates to the technical field of engineering quality inspection, and in particular to a method and system for inspecting the quality of film bag concrete filling. Background Art

[0002] Film bag concrete is a double-layer fabric (geomembrane bag) woven with high-strength nylon yarn, with high-fluidity concrete filled in the middle, thus forming a concrete with good anti-seepage performance and high strength. The construction technology of film bag concrete is relatively simple, without the need for cofferdams, formwork and interruption of flow, and it is easy to promote and use. It is widely used in river embankment protection.

[0003] Conventional concrete testing is usually carried out through relatively flat or fixed structures. The ultrasonic wave velocity is closely related to the uniformity of the structure and is suitable for evaluating the overall density. Since the membrane bag itself has a certain degree of deformability, the internal and external pressures may be uneven, and the membrane bag concrete is relatively flexible due to its shape formed during the pouring process. The density of the concrete often varies due to uneven filling or poor local concrete fluidity. Therefore, for concrete with membrane bag structures, conventional ultrasonic testing methods may not be able to accurately evaluate its irregular density distribution, and thus the accuracy of the filling quality detection of membrane bag concrete is low. Summary of the invention

[0004] The present application provides a method and system for detecting the filling quality of film bag concrete, which can accurately evaluate the irregular density distribution inside the film bag concrete, thereby improving the accuracy of the filling quality detection of the film bag concrete.

[0005] In a first aspect of the present application, a method for detecting the filling quality of a membrane bag concrete is provided, the method being applied to an ultrasonic sensing system, the method comprising:

[0006] During the concrete filling process, wave velocity data collected by each ultrasonic sensor is obtained, wherein the ultrasonic sensor collects the wave velocity data from multiple different positions of the membrane bag concrete;

[0007] Calculating the density of the membrane bag concrete at different positions according to the wave velocity data;

[0008] Generating a density distribution inside the film bag concrete according to the density at different positions of the film bag concrete;

[0009] The defective area inside the membrane bag concrete is located in combination with the density distribution inside the membrane bag concrete.

[0010] On the basis of the above technical solution, preferably, the density of the membrane bag concrete at different positions is calculated according to the wave velocity data, specifically including:

[0011] Obtaining the theoretical wave velocity of the membrane bag concrete when it reaches a preset complete density;

[0012] Calculating the porosity of the membrane bag concrete according to the actual wave velocity corresponding to the wave velocity data and the theoretical wave velocity;

[0013] Based on the inverse relationship between the porosity and the density, the density of the membrane bag concrete is determined.

[0014] On the basis of the above technical solution, preferably, generating the density distribution inside the film bag concrete according to the density of different positions of the film bag concrete specifically includes:

[0015] According to the structure of the membrane bag concrete, the membrane bag concrete is meshed to form a plurality of network models including mesh units, wherein each mesh unit corresponds to one or more wave velocity data;

[0016] Determining the spatial position of each of the ultrasonic sensors in the dimension of the membrane bag;

[0017] Determining the wave velocity data of each of the grid units according to the corresponding relationship between the ultrasonic sensor and the wave velocity data;

[0018] According to the density corresponding to the wave velocity data, the density of each grid unit is determined, thereby generating the density distribution inside the membrane bag concrete.

[0019] On the basis of the above technical solution, preferably, the method of locating the defective area inside the membrane bag concrete in combination with the density distribution inside the membrane bag concrete specifically includes:

[0020] Determine a grid neighborhood of each of the grid cells, wherein the grid neighborhood includes a plurality of adjacent grid cells adjacent to the grid cell;

[0021] Calculating the density difference between the grid unit and the adjacent grid units;

[0022] Determine whether the ratio of the density difference to the density mean is greater than or equal to a preset threshold, wherein the density mean is the mean of the density of the grid unit and the density of the adjacent grid unit;

[0023] If it is determined that the ratio of the density difference to the density mean is greater than or equal to the preset threshold, the grid unit is determined to be a defective grid unit;

[0024] If it is determined that the grid unit and the plurality of adjacent grid units are defective grid units, and the number of the plurality of defective grid units exceeds a preset number, the grid neighborhood is determined to be the defective area.

[0025] On the basis of the above technical solution, preferably, after acquiring the wave velocity data collected by each ultrasonic sensor during the concrete pouring process, the method further comprises:

[0026] During the filling process, the ultrasonic sensor activates a high-frequency signal to detect the surface layer of the membrane bag concrete, and obtains the echo time of the high-frequency signal;

[0027] During the filling process, the ultrasonic sensor activates a low-frequency signal to detect the interior of the membrane bag concrete, and obtains wave velocity data, attenuation rate and signal strength of the low-frequency signal.

[0028] On the basis of the above technical solution, preferably, after calculating the density of the membrane bag concrete at different positions according to the wave velocity data, the method further includes:

[0029] Calculating the surface wave velocity of the high frequency signal according to the echo time of the high frequency signal;

[0030] If it is determined that the surface wave velocity has a downward trend, it is determined that cracks exist in the surface layer of the membrane bag concrete, and the crack depth of the membrane bag concrete is calculated based on the surface wave velocity and the echo time difference of the high-frequency signal.

[0031] On the basis of the above technical solution, preferably, the method of locating the defective area inside the membrane bag concrete in combination with the density distribution inside the membrane bag concrete specifically further includes:

[0032] According to the wave velocity data of the low-frequency signal, determine whether the wave velocity of the low-frequency signal has a downward trend, and according to the attenuation rate of the low-frequency signal, determine whether the attenuation degree of the low-frequency signal exceeds a preset degree, and according to the signal strength of the low-frequency signal, determine whether the signal strength difference is lower than expected, wherein the signal strength difference is the difference between the signal strength of the received low-frequency signal and the signal strength of the sent low-frequency signal;

[0033] If it is determined that the wave velocity of the low-frequency signal has a downward trend, and the attenuation degree of the low-frequency signal exceeds a preset degree; or if it is determined that the wave velocity of the low-frequency signal has a downward trend, and whether the signal strength difference is lower than expected; or the attenuation degree of the low-frequency signal exceeds a preset degree, and whether the signal strength difference is lower than expected, it is determined that the defective area exists inside the membrane bag concrete.

[0034] In a second aspect of the present application, a membrane bag concrete filling quality detection system is provided, the system is an ultrasonic sensing system, including an acquisition module, a processing module, a generation module and a judgment module, wherein:

[0035] The acquisition module is used to acquire the wave velocity data collected by each ultrasonic sensor during the concrete filling process, and the ultrasonic sensor collects the wave velocity data from multiple different positions of the membrane bag concrete;

[0036] The processing module is used to calculate the density of different positions of the membrane bag concrete according to the wave velocity data;

[0037] The generating module is used to generate the density distribution inside the film bag concrete according to the density at different positions of the film bag concrete;

[0038] The judgment module is used to locate the defective area inside the membrane bag concrete in combination with the density distribution inside the membrane bag concrete.

[0039] On the basis of the above technical solution, preferably, the acquisition module is used to obtain the theoretical wave velocity of the membrane bag concrete when it reaches a preset complete density state;

[0040] The processing module is used to calculate the porosity of the membrane bag concrete according to the actual wave velocity corresponding to the wave velocity data and the theoretical wave velocity;

[0041] The processing module is used to determine the density of the membrane bag concrete based on the inverse relationship between the porosity and the density.

[0042] On the basis of the above technical solution, preferably, the generation module is used to grid the membrane bag concrete according to the structure of the membrane bag concrete to form a plurality of network models including grid units, wherein each grid unit corresponds to one or more wave velocity data;

[0043] The processing module is used to determine the spatial position of each of the ultrasonic sensors in the dimension of the membrane bag;

[0044] The processing module is used to determine the wave velocity data of each of the grid cells according to the corresponding relationship between the ultrasonic sensor and the wave velocity data;

[0045] The generation module is used to determine the density of each grid unit according to the density corresponding to the wave velocity data, so as to generate the density distribution inside the membrane bag concrete.

[0046] On the basis of the above technical solution, preferably, the processing module is used to determine a grid neighborhood of each of the grid units, and the grid neighborhood includes a plurality of adjacent grid units adjacent to the grid unit;

[0047] The processing module is used to calculate the density difference between the grid unit and the adjacent grid units;

[0048] The judging module is used to judge whether the ratio of the density difference to the density mean is greater than or equal to a preset threshold, wherein the density mean is the mean of the density of the grid unit and the density of the adjacent grid unit;

[0049] The judgment module is configured to determine that the grid unit is a defective grid unit if it is determined that the ratio of the density difference to the density mean is greater than or equal to the preset threshold;

[0050] The judgment module is used to determine that the grid neighborhood is the defective area if it is determined that the grid unit and the plurality of adjacent grid units are defective grid units, and the number of the plurality of defective grid units exceeds a preset number.

[0051] On the basis of the above technical solution, preferably, the acquisition module is used to detect the surface layer of the membrane bag concrete by activating the high-frequency signal through the ultrasonic sensor during the filling process to obtain the echo time of the high-frequency signal;

[0052] The acquisition module is used to detect the interior of the membrane bag concrete by activating the low-frequency signal through the ultrasonic sensor during the filling process, and obtain the wave velocity data, attenuation rate and signal strength of the low-frequency signal.

[0053] On the basis of the above technical solution, preferably, the processing module is used to calculate the surface wave velocity of the high-frequency signal according to the echo time of the high-frequency signal;

[0054] The judgment module is used to determine that cracks exist on the surface layer of the membrane bag concrete if it is determined that the surface wave velocity has a downward trend, and calculate the crack depth of the membrane bag concrete based on the surface wave velocity and the echo time difference of the high-frequency signal.

[0055] On the basis of the above technical solution, preferably, the judgment module is used to judge whether the wave velocity of the low-frequency signal has a downward trend according to the wave velocity data of the low-frequency signal, and judge whether the attenuation degree of the low-frequency signal exceeds a preset degree according to the attenuation rate of the low-frequency signal, and judge whether the signal strength difference is lower than expected according to the signal strength of the low-frequency signal, and the signal strength difference is the difference between the signal strength of the received low-frequency signal and the signal strength of the sent low-frequency signal;

[0056] The judgment module is used to determine that the defective area exists inside the membrane bag concrete if it is determined that the wave velocity of the low-frequency signal has a downward trend and the attenuation degree of the low-frequency signal exceeds a preset degree; or if it is determined that the wave velocity of the low-frequency signal has a downward trend and whether the signal strength difference is lower than expected; or if the attenuation degree of the low-frequency signal exceeds a preset degree and whether the signal strength difference is lower than expected.

[0057] In the third aspect of the present application, an electronic device is provided, including a processor, a memory, a user interface and a network interface, the memory is used to store instructions, the user interface and the network interface are both used to communicate with other devices, and the processor is used to execute the instructions stored in the memory so that the electronic device executes any one of the methods described above.

[0058] In a fourth aspect of the present application, a computer-readable storage medium is provided, wherein the computer-readable storage medium stores instructions, and when the instructions are executed, any of the methods described above is executed.

[0059] In summary, one or more technical solutions provided in the embodiments of the present application have at least the following technical effects or advantages:

[0060] 1. First, obtain the theoretical wave velocity when the concrete is fully dense as a reference, and combine the difference between the actual wave velocity data and the theoretical wave velocity to calculate the porosity of the concrete, so as to determine the density according to the inverse relationship. It can effectively deal with the structural irregularity, deformability and pressure difference of the membrane bag concrete during the pouring process. By calculating the density at different positions and generating the density distribution, the areas where defects may exist can be clearly located, thus overcoming the limitation that conventional detection methods cannot accurately evaluate the irregular density distribution, and significantly improving the detection accuracy of the filling quality of the membrane bag concrete.

[0061] 2. By meshing the membrane bag concrete, a network model containing multiple grid units is formed, which can perform a spatial and detailed evaluation of the density inside the membrane bag concrete. Each grid unit corresponds to the wave velocity data collected by the ultrasonic sensor, so that the wave velocity data at different positions can be converted into specific density values. This process enables the generation of a density distribution map inside the entire membrane bag concrete structure, accurately locating the density of each area.

[0062] 3. Calculate the density difference between each grid unit and its adjacent grid units, and compare it with the mean density to accurately identify the defective areas inside the membrane bag concrete. By setting a preset threshold, grid units with large density differences can be effectively screened out. These differences may indicate areas with defects or uneven density. When the defects of multiple adjacent grid units are confirmed and reach a certain number, these areas can be located as defective areas. This method can automatically monitor and locate potential defects inside the membrane bag concrete, thereby greatly improving the accuracy of quality inspection.

[0063] 4. By monitoring the echo time of the high-frequency signal, the surface wave velocity of the membrane bag concrete surface is calculated and its change trend is analyzed. If the surface wave velocity shows a downward trend, it usually indicates that there are cracks or other structural defects on the surface of the membrane bag concrete. By calculating the surface wave velocity and the echo time difference, the depth of the crack can be further calculated. In this way, cracks or damage on the surface of the membrane bag concrete can be detected early, and the depth of the crack can be determined by quantitative analysis, thus providing a basis for subsequent maintenance and reinforcement work.

[0064] 5. Through comprehensive analysis of the wave velocity, attenuation rate and signal strength difference of the low-frequency signal, it is possible to effectively determine whether there are defective areas inside the membrane bag concrete. The decrease in the wave velocity of the low-frequency signal, the excessive attenuation or the abnormal signal strength difference may indicate the existence of cavities, cracks or other structural defects inside the concrete. By monitoring these indicators, the state of the concrete can be evaluated in real time and the defective area can be accurately located. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0065] Figure 1 It is a flow chart of a method for detecting the filling quality of film bag concrete disclosed in an embodiment of the present application;

[0066] Figure 2 It is a module schematic diagram of a membrane bag concrete filling quality detection system disclosed in an embodiment of the present application;

[0067] Figure 3 It is a structural schematic diagram of an electronic device disclosed in an embodiment of the present application.

[0068] Explanation of the reference numerals: 201, acquisition module; 202, processing module; 203, generation module; 204, judgment module; 301, processor; 302, communication bus; 303, user interface; 304, network interface; 305, memory. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0069] In order to enable technicians in this field to better understand the technical solutions in this specification, the technical solutions in the embodiments of this specification will be clearly and completely described below in conjunction with the drawings in the embodiments of this specification. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of this application, not all of the embodiments.

[0070] In the description of the embodiments of the present application, words such as "for example" or "for example" are used to indicate examples, illustrations or explanations. Any embodiment or design described as "for example" or "for example" in the embodiments of the present application should not be interpreted as being more preferred or more advantageous than other embodiments or designs. Specifically, the use of words such as "for example" or "for example" is intended to present related concepts in a specific way.

[0071] In the description of the embodiments of the present application, the meaning of the term "multiple" refers to two or more. For example, multiple systems refer to two or more systems, and multiple screen terminals refer to two or more screen terminals. In addition, the terms "first" and "second" are used for descriptive purposes only and cannot be understood as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly indicating the indicated technical features. Thus, the features defined as "first" and "second" may explicitly or implicitly include one or more of the features. The terms "include", "comprise", "have" and their variations all mean "including but not limited to", unless otherwise specifically emphasized.

[0072] Film bag concrete is composed of a double-layer fabric woven from high-strength nylon yarn and filled with high-flow concrete. It has good anti-seepage performance and high strength and is widely used in river embankment protection. Due to the deformability of the film bag structure and the uneven pressure inside and outside, the concrete may flow unevenly during the filling process, resulting in density differences. This makes the conventional ultrasonic detection method limited in evaluating the density distribution of film bag concrete, and it cannot accurately reflect its irregularity, which in turn affects the accurate evaluation of the filling quality.

[0073] This embodiment discloses a method for detecting the filling quality of film bag concrete. Figure 1 , including the following steps S110-S140:

[0074] S110, during the concrete pouring process, obtaining wave velocity data collected by each ultrasonic sensor.

[0075] A method for detecting the filling quality of membrane bag concrete disclosed in an embodiment of the present application is applied to an ultrasonic sensing system, which is a non-contact sensing technology that uses the propagation characteristics of ultrasonic waves in a medium for detection and measurement. The system is usually composed of an ultrasonic transmitter, a receiver, and a signal processing unit. The transmitter generates a high-frequency ultrasonic signal, which propagates in the detection medium and is reflected, refracted, or attenuated when encountering different densities or defect interfaces. The receiver collects the echo signal, and the signal processing unit analyzes the time delay, wave velocity, intensity, and attenuation of the echo to obtain the physical properties of the medium, such as thickness, density, defect location, and depth. Ultrasonic sensing systems are widely used in non-destructive testing, structural health monitoring, industrial automation, and other fields, and have the advantages of high precision, real-time, and strong environmental adaptability.

[0076] Film bag concrete is usually more complex and has irregular filling shapes. Ultrasonic testing can provide real-time feedback on changes in the density of concrete during the curing process, provide dynamic quality assessment, and help to promptly discover problems in the construction process.

[0077] Ultrasonic sensors are fixedly arranged at different positions of the membrane bag concrete. The purpose is to fully cover all parts of the entire structure in order to obtain accurate wave velocity data. Fixed sensors enable the membrane bag concrete to be directly replaced when measuring different membrane bag concrete. Sensors should be arranged at key positions of the membrane bag concrete, such as edges, joints, easily deformed areas, and areas where uneven flow may occur during filling. The spacing between sensors should be small enough to ensure that the wave velocity changes at various positions of the concrete can be captured, while avoiding excessive density that causes data redundancy or equipment interference. The flexibility and deformability of the membrane bag require that the sensor layout should not only consider the position on the plane, but also the deformation characteristics of the membrane bag, especially the parts that deform during the filling process.

[0078] According to the structural characteristics of membrane bag concrete, ultrasonic sensors can be arranged in the following ways: a single sensor is arranged at the key position of the membrane bag (such as the four corners, center, and deformation position) to perform local wave velocity measurement. Multiple sensors are arranged on the surface of the membrane bag to form an array to obtain wave velocity data for the entire membrane bag area. The array arrangement can more comprehensively reflect the density distribution of concrete. For membrane bags with multi-layer structures, ultrasonic sensors can be arranged between different layers of the membrane bag to monitor the wave velocity changes at different depths and comprehensively evaluate the filling quality of each layer of concrete.

[0079] At the beginning of filling, the ultrasonic sensor is started to measure the initial wave velocity. At this time, the concrete is still in a flowing state, and the sensor can measure the initial density of the concrete during the filling process. As the filling process progresses, the sensor continues to monitor and record the changes in wave velocity at different locations. As the shape of the membrane bag concrete is constantly changing, the sensor data needs to be continuously updated to reflect the real-time changes in the fluidity and density of the concrete. The wave velocity data is transmitted to the ultrasonic sensing system via wired or wireless transmission for real-time analysis and storage. The data acquisition frequency can be adjusted according to demand, usually each sensor measures once per second, or the sampling frequency can be appropriately increased according to the flow speed and shape changes of the concrete.

[0080] S120, calculate the density of the membrane bag concrete at different positions according to the wave velocity data.

[0081] There is a certain mathematical relationship between the ultrasonic propagation speed and the physical properties of concrete, such as density and porosity. Generally, dense concrete will cause the ultrasonic wave to travel faster, while concrete with more pores or with cavities or cracks will cause the ultrasonic wave to travel slower.

[0082] Ultrasonic wave velocity is the speed at which waves propagate in a medium. For concrete, ultrasonic wave velocity is usually calculated by the following formula:

[0083]

[0084] Among them, Vp is the longitudinal wave propagation velocity, that is, the ultrasonic wave velocity, E is the elastic modulus of concrete, and ρ is the density of concrete. Since there are certain gaps and pores in concrete, its density and elastic modulus will change with the density, thus affecting the wave velocity.

[0085] In a possible implementation, the density of the membrane bag concrete at different positions is calculated based on the wave velocity data, specifically including: obtaining the theoretical wave velocity of the membrane bag concrete when it reaches a preset full density state; calculating the porosity of the membrane bag concrete based on the actual wave velocity and the theoretical wave velocity corresponding to the wave velocity data; and determining the density of the membrane bag concrete based on the inverse relationship between the porosity and the density.

[0086] Specifically, first, it is necessary to obtain the theoretical wave velocity through experiments. The theoretical wave velocity refers to the propagation speed of ultrasonic waves passing through membrane bag concrete when the membrane bag concrete is completely dense. The theoretical wave velocity reflects the elastic modulus and density of the membrane bag concrete. When there are no pores, cracks or other defects in the membrane bag concrete, the wave velocity reaches the highest value. Ultrasonic tests are performed on known dense membrane bag concrete samples through experimental means to obtain the wave velocity of the sample. The membrane bag concrete of the experimental sample needs to be in an ideal dense state with sufficient curing and extremely low porosity. For example, for high-strength membrane bag concrete, the theoretical wave velocity may be between 4500m / s and 5000m / s, and the specific value depends on factors such as the concrete mix ratio, material type, and construction environment.

[0087] There is an inverse relationship between wave velocity and the porosity of concrete. Generally, the higher the porosity of concrete, the slower the propagation of ultrasonic waves. This is because the presence of air or moisture in the pores will hinder the propagation of waves, thereby reducing the wave velocity. The basic formula for calculating porosity is:

[0088]

[0089] Where: φ is the porosity, p is the actual wave velocity measured, V p0 is the theoretical wave velocity, α is a material constant that reflects the specific relationship between porosity and wave velocity, and is usually obtained through experimental data.

[0090] The density is usually inversely proportional to the porosity, that is, the greater the porosity, the lower the density of the concrete. Therefore, the density can be calculated by the following formula:

[0091] ρ=(1-Φ)×100%

[0092] Among them, ρ is the density and φ is the porosity, which indicates the proportion of voids in concrete. Through the above method, the corresponding density can be calculated based on the wave velocity data at each position. By collecting wave velocity data at different positions of the membrane bag concrete and calculating the porosity and density at each position, a density distribution diagram of the entire membrane bag structure can be drawn. Areas with lower density usually indicate that there is uneven filling or poor concrete fluidity in this part, which requires further inspection or adjustment of the construction process.

[0093] S130, generating a density distribution inside the film bag concrete according to the density of different positions of the film bag concrete.

[0094] In a possible implementation, the density distribution inside the membrane bag concrete is generated according to the density of the membrane bag concrete at different positions, specifically including: gridding the membrane bag concrete according to its structure to form a plurality of network models including grid units, wherein each grid unit corresponds to one or more wave velocity data; determining the spatial position of each ultrasonic sensor in the dimension of the membrane bag; determining the wave velocity data of each grid unit according to the correspondence between the ultrasonic sensor and the wave velocity data; determining each grid unit according to the density corresponding to the wave velocity data, thereby generating the density distribution inside the membrane bag concrete.

[0095] Specifically, first, meshing is performed for the overall structure of the membrane bag concrete. Due to its flexibility and variable shape, the structure of membrane bag concrete may be more complex. Therefore, meshing needs to consider its morphological characteristics and accuracy requirements. The meshing method can be selected based on the complexity of the structure and specific needs. Common grid types include rectangular grids, triangular grids, hexagonal grids, and unstructured grids. Among them, rectangular grids are suitable for membrane bag structures that are roughly flat or regularly shaped. Triangular grids are suitable for more complex or irregular surfaces and can adapt to the curves or deformations of membrane bags. Hexagonal grids provide more uniform sampling points and are suitable for situations with higher accuracy requirements. Unstructured grids are suitable for complex deformation areas, and the grid size can be flexibly adjusted according to actual conditions.

[0096] The choice of mesh density needs to be determined based on the actual size of the membrane bag concrete, the accuracy requirements, and the computing power. A higher density mesh can provide a more detailed density distribution, but the amount of calculation is larger. According to the requirements of different areas, a denser mesh can be used in the key areas of the membrane bag concrete (such as the bottom and joints), while a sparser mesh can be used in unimportant areas.

[0097] According to the actual shape of the membrane bag structure, the precise position of each sensor is determined in the three-dimensional coordinate system. The determination of coordinates can be achieved through high-precision positioning technologies such as laser scanning and laser rangefinders. The position of each sensor corresponds to the grid unit on the surface of the membrane bag. During the filling of the membrane bag concrete, the ultrasonic sensor will collect the wave velocity data of each position in real time. These data represent the density information of the concrete at that point. The higher the wave velocity, the denser the concrete at that position. Conversely, the lower the wave velocity, the greater the porosity at that position.

[0098] According to the specific position of each sensor in the two-dimensional or three-dimensional coordinate system of the membrane bag, the collected wave velocity data is mapped to the corresponding grid unit. For example, if a sensor is located at the center of the membrane bag and collects a wave velocity data, the data will correspond to the computing node of the grid unit. If the grid is small enough, a sensor can be directly mapped to a grid unit. In the case of a large grid or sparsely distributed sensors, the data of multiple sensors can be mapped to a grid unit by weighted averaging, interpolation or other methods. In order to improve the accuracy and continuity of the data, the wave velocity data can be interpolated, especially when the sensors are unevenly distributed or some sensors cannot provide valid data due to failure.

[0099] Finally, based on the previous wave velocity data and theoretical wave velocity, the porosity formula is used to calculate the density of each grid unit. For each grid unit, a corresponding density value can be obtained as the density of the concrete at that location. The density data of each grid unit is summarized, and the density distribution of the membrane bag concrete is generated based on the spatial distribution of the grid units. Through the above implementation steps, the density distribution inside the membrane bag concrete can be systematically generated based on the wave velocity data of the ultrasonic sensor. The process includes structural gridding, sensor layout, wave velocity data mapping, porosity and density calculation, and final density visualization. This process provides reliable data support for quality control, construction optimization and structural performance evaluation of membrane bag concrete.

[0100] S140, based on the density distribution inside the membrane bag concrete, locate the defective area inside the membrane bag concrete.

[0101] In one possible implementation, in combination with the density distribution inside the membrane bag concrete, the defective area inside the membrane bag concrete is located, specifically including: determining the grid neighborhood of each grid unit, the grid neighborhood includes multiple adjacent grid units adjacent to the grid unit; calculating the density difference between the grid unit and the adjacent grid units; judging whether the ratio of the density difference to the density mean is greater than or equal to a preset threshold, wherein the density mean is the mean of the density of the grid unit and the density of the adjacent grid units; if it is determined that the ratio of the density difference to the density mean is greater than or equal to the preset threshold, then the grid unit is determined to be a defective grid unit; if it is determined that the grid unit and multiple adjacent grid units are all defective grid units, and the number of the multiple defective grid units exceeds the preset number, then the grid neighborhood is determined to be a defective area.

[0102] Specifically, each grid cell has a specific spatial position relationship with its adjacent grid cells. For a two-dimensional grid, each grid cell is adjacent to the four grid cells above, below, left, and right of it, and the eight neighborhoods include the diagonal neighborhoods (upper left, upper right, lower left, and lower right) outside the four neighborhoods. For a three-dimensional grid, the adjacency relationship becomes more complicated, and each grid cell can be connected to neighbors in six directions: front and back, up and down, left and right, and diagonal directions.

[0103] For each grid cell, calculate the density difference between it and its neighboring grid cells. Assume that the density of grid cell i is ρ i , the density of its adjacent grid unit j is ρ j , then the difference between adjacent grid cells can be calculated by the following formula:

[0104] Δρ ij =|ρ i -ρ j |

[0105] If the density of adjacent grids is significantly different, that is, Δρ ij If a set threshold is exceeded, the difference may indicate a local defect or uneven filling.

[0106] In order to judge whether the difference is significant, a threshold needs to be set to determine whether the difference is considered abnormal. For example, a relative difference threshold can be set, indicating that when the density difference between a grid and its adjacent grid exceeds a certain ratio, it is considered a defective area. Assuming δ is the threshold ratio, then:

[0107]

[0108] Among them, ρ avg is the average value of the density of grid cells i and j. If this condition is met, the grid cell can be judged as a defective grid cell.

[0109] If the density difference ratio between a grid cell and at least one adjacent grid cell exceeds a preset threshold, the grid cell is marked as a defective grid cell. If the difference ratios between a grid cell and multiple adjacent cells all exceed the threshold, it means that the grid cell is not only a potential defective cell, but may be an actual defective grid cell.

[0110] A clustering analysis algorithm (such as connected domain analysis) is applied to the grid structure to check whether multiple defective grid cells are connected to each other to form a continuous area. If the number of connected defective grid cells exceeds a preset threshold, these grid cells are marked as a defective area.

[0111] Through the above technical solution, the defective area can be accurately located according to the density distribution of the membrane bag concrete. It effectively combines the core links such as grid division, density difference calculation, defect unit identification and area calibration, and provides systematic technical support for the quality inspection and construction control of the membrane bag concrete.

[0112] In a possible implementation, after acquiring the wave velocity data collected by each ultrasonic sensor during the concrete filling process, the method further includes: during the filling process, enabling high-frequency signals through ultrasonic sensors to detect the surface of the membrane bag concrete and acquiring the echo time of the high-frequency signal; during the filling process, enabling low-frequency signals through ultrasonic sensors to detect the inside of the membrane bag concrete and acquiring the wave velocity data, attenuation rate and signal strength of the low-frequency signal.

[0113] Specifically, high-frequency sensors with a frequency range of 100kHz-1MHz and low-frequency sensors with a frequency range of 20kHz-100kHz are evenly arranged along the outer surface of the membrane bag concrete. During the filling process, the high-frequency ultrasonic transmitter is started at regular intervals (such as 30 seconds). The ultrasonic signal propagates through the outer surface of the membrane bag and generates a reflected signal when encountering a density change area or a crack. The low-frequency signal is transmitted to penetrate the deep concrete, and the signal is received and its propagation time and attenuation are recorded. If the low-frequency signal wave velocity is significantly reduced or severely attenuated, it means that there may be large volume defects (such as voids or insufficiently poured areas) in the deep layer.

[0114] Furthermore, after calculating the density of the membrane bag concrete at different positions according to the wave velocity data, the method also includes: calculating the surface wave velocity of the high-frequency signal according to the echo time of the high-frequency signal; if it is determined that there is a downward trend in the surface wave velocity, it is determined that cracks exist in the surface layer of the membrane bag concrete, and the crack depth of the membrane bag concrete is calculated according to the surface wave velocity and the echo time difference of the high-frequency signal.

[0115] Specifically, a high-frequency ultrasonic pulse is emitted, the echo time is recorded, and the surface wave velocity of the high-frequency signal is calculated based on the echo time:

[0116]

[0117] Where V is the surface wave velocity, D is the distance between the sensor and the concrete surface, and T is the echo time.

[0118] If the surface wave velocity of the high-frequency signal shows a significant downward trend, it indicates that there are cracks on the surface. The crack depth can be calculated using the following formula:

[0119]

[0120] Where L is the crack depth, V is the surface wave velocity, and ΔT is the echo time increment, indicating that the signal is reflected at the crack interface.

[0121] Furthermore, according to the wave velocity data of the low-frequency signal, it is determined whether the wave velocity of the low-frequency signal has a downward trend, and according to the attenuation rate of the low-frequency signal, it is determined whether the attenuation degree of the low-frequency signal exceeds the preset degree, and according to the signal strength of the low-frequency signal, it is determined whether the signal strength difference is lower than expected, and the signal strength difference is the difference between the signal strength of the received low-frequency signal and the signal strength of the sent low-frequency signal. Among them, the attenuation rate is the attenuation degree of the signal strength of the ultrasonic wave during the propagation process, which indicates the absorption degree of the signal energy by the internal material of the concrete, and is specifically calculated by the following formula:

[0122]

[0123] Among them, α is the attenuation rate, d is the distance between the sensor and the receiving point, A0 is the signal strength of the transmitted low-frequency signal, and A is the signal strength of the received low-frequency signal.

[0124] If the wave velocity of the signal gradually decreases, it means that the signal encounters pores, voids or areas with low density during propagation, resulting in a longer propagation time. The attenuation rate of the signal is small in normal concrete. If the attenuation rate exceeds the preset threshold, it means that the signal is more absorbed or scattered during propagation, indicating that there are cracks, voids or large volume defects inside the material. The signal strength loss is small, indicating that the material inside the concrete is uniform and dense. If the signal strength difference is significantly higher than expected, it means that the signal has encountered strong attenuation during propagation, indicating that there are defects.

[0125] Therefore, if it is determined that the wave velocity of the low-frequency signal has a downward trend, and the attenuation degree of the low-frequency signal exceeds the preset degree, it is determined that there is a defective area inside the membrane bag concrete; or if it is determined that the wave velocity of the low-frequency signal has a downward trend, and whether the signal strength difference is lower than expected, it is determined that there is a defective area inside the membrane bag concrete; or if the attenuation degree of the low-frequency signal exceeds the preset degree, and whether the signal strength difference is lower than expected, it is determined that there is a defective area inside the membrane bag concrete.

[0126] This embodiment also discloses a film bag concrete filling quality detection system, the system is an ultrasonic sensor system, refer to Figure 2 The system includes an acquisition module 201, a processing module 202, a generation module 203 and a judgment module 204, wherein:

[0127] The acquisition module 201 is used to acquire the wave velocity data collected by each ultrasonic sensor during the concrete filling process. The ultrasonic sensor collects the wave velocity data from multiple different positions of the membrane bag concrete.

[0128] The processing module 202 is used to calculate the density of the membrane bag concrete at different positions according to the wave velocity data.

[0129] The generation module 203 is used to generate the density distribution inside the film bag concrete according to the density of different positions of the film bag concrete.

[0130] The judgment module 204 is used to locate the defective area inside the membrane bag concrete based on the density distribution inside the membrane bag concrete.

[0131] In a possible implementation, the acquisition module 201 is used to obtain the theoretical wave velocity of the membrane bag concrete when it reaches a preset full density state.

[0132] The processing module 202 is used to calculate the porosity of the membrane bag concrete according to the actual wave velocity and the theoretical wave velocity corresponding to the wave velocity data.

[0133] The processing module 202 is used to determine the density of the membrane bag concrete based on the inverse relationship between porosity and density.

[0134] In a possible implementation, the generation module 203 is used to mesh the membrane bag concrete according to the structure of the membrane bag concrete to form a plurality of network models including mesh units, wherein each mesh unit corresponds to one or more wave velocity data.

[0135] The processing module 202 is used to determine the spatial position of each ultrasonic sensor in the dimension of the membrane bag.

[0136] The processing module 202 is used to determine the wave velocity data of each grid unit according to the corresponding relationship between the ultrasonic sensor and the wave velocity data.

[0137] The generation module 203 is used to determine the density of each grid unit according to the density corresponding to the wave velocity data, so as to generate the density distribution inside the membrane bag concrete.

[0138] In a possible implementation, the processing module 202 is configured to determine a grid neighborhood of each grid unit, where the grid neighborhood includes a plurality of adjacent grid units adjacent to the grid unit.

[0139] The processing module 202 is used to calculate the density difference between the grid unit and the adjacent grid units.

[0140] The judgment module 204 is used to judge whether the ratio of the density difference to the density mean is greater than or equal to a preset threshold, wherein the density mean is the mean of the density of the grid unit and the density of the adjacent grid units.

[0141] The judgment module 204 is used to determine that the grid unit is a defective grid unit if the ratio of the density difference to the density mean is greater than or equal to a preset threshold.

[0142] The judgment module 204 is used to determine that the grid neighborhood is a defective area if it is determined that the grid unit and multiple adjacent grid units are defective grid units, and the number of the multiple defective grid units exceeds a preset number.

[0143] In a possible implementation, the acquisition module 201 is used to detect the surface layer of the membrane bag concrete by activating a high-frequency signal through an ultrasonic sensor during the filling process to acquire the echo time of the high-frequency signal.

[0144] The acquisition module 201 is used to detect the interior of the membrane bag concrete by using the ultrasonic sensor to enable the low-frequency signal during the filling process, and obtain the wave velocity data, attenuation rate and signal strength of the low-frequency signal.

[0145] In a possible implementation, the processing module 202 is configured to calculate the surface wave velocity of the high-frequency signal according to the echo time of the high-frequency signal.

[0146] The judgment module 204 is used to determine that cracks exist on the surface of the membrane bag concrete if it is determined that the surface wave velocity has a downward trend, and calculate the crack depth of the membrane bag concrete according to the surface wave velocity and the echo time difference of the high-frequency signal.

[0147] In a possible implementation, the judgment module 204 is used to judge whether the wave velocity of the low-frequency signal has a downward trend based on the wave velocity data of the low-frequency signal, and to judge whether the attenuation degree of the low-frequency signal exceeds a preset degree based on the attenuation rate of the low-frequency signal, and to judge whether the signal strength difference is lower than expected based on the signal strength of the low-frequency signal, the signal strength difference being the difference between the signal strength of the received low-frequency signal and the signal strength of the sent low-frequency signal.

[0148] The judgment module 204 is used to determine that there is a defective area inside the membrane bag concrete if it is determined that the wave velocity of the low-frequency signal has a downward trend and the attenuation degree of the low-frequency signal exceeds a preset degree. Or if it is determined that the wave velocity of the low-frequency signal has a downward trend and the signal strength difference is lower than expected. Or if the attenuation degree of the low-frequency signal exceeds a preset degree and the signal strength difference is lower than expected.

[0149] It should be noted that: when the system provided in the above embodiment realizes its functions, only the division of the above functional modules is used as an example. In actual applications, the above functions can be assigned to different functional modules as needed, that is, the internal structure of the device is divided into different functional modules to complete all or part of the functions described above. In addition, the system and method embodiments provided in the above embodiment belong to the same concept, and the specific implementation process is detailed in the method embodiment, which will not be repeated here.

[0150] This embodiment also discloses an electronic device, referring to Figure 3The electronic device may include: at least one processor 301 , at least one communication bus 302 , a user interface 303 , a network interface 304 , and at least one memory 305 .

[0151] The communication bus 302 is used to realize the connection and communication between these components.

[0152] The user interface 303 may include a display screen (Display) and a camera (Camera). The optional user interface 303 may also include a standard wired interface and a wireless interface.

[0153] The network interface 304 may optionally include a standard wired interface or a wireless interface (such as a WI-FI interface).

[0154] Among them, the processor 301 may include one or more processing cores. The processor 301 uses various interfaces and lines to connect various parts in the entire server, and executes various functions of the server and processes data by running or executing instructions, programs, code sets or instruction sets stored in the memory 305, and calling data stored in the memory 305. Optionally, the processor 301 can be implemented in at least one hardware form of digital signal processing (Digital Signal Processing, DSP), field programmable gate array (Field-Programmable Gate Array, FPGA), and programmable logic array (Programmable Logic Array, PLA). The processor 301 can integrate one or a combination of a central processing unit (Central Processing Unit, CPU), a graphics processing unit (Graphics Processing Unit, GPU) and a modem. Among them, the CPU mainly processes the operating system, user interface and application programs; the GPU is responsible for rendering and drawing the content to be displayed on the display screen; the modem is used to process wireless communications. It can be understood that the above-mentioned modem may not be integrated into the processor 301, and it can be implemented separately through a chip.

[0155] The memory 305 may include a random access memory (RAM) or a read-only memory (ROM). Optionally, the memory includes a non-transitory computer-readable storage medium. The memory 305 may be used to store instructions, programs, codes, code sets or instruction sets. The memory 305 may include a program storage area and a data storage area, wherein the program storage area may store instructions for implementing an operating system, instructions for at least one function (such as a touch function, a sound playback function, an image playback function, etc.), instructions for implementing the above-mentioned various method embodiments, etc.; the data storage area may store data involved in the above-mentioned various method embodiments, etc. The memory 305 may also be at least one storage device located away from the aforementioned processor 301. The memory 305 as a computer storage medium may include an operating system, a network communication module, a user interface 303 module, and an application program for a film bag concrete filling quality detection method.

[0156] exist Figure 3 In the electronic device shown, the user interface 303 is mainly used to provide an input interface for the user and obtain data input by the user; and the processor 301 can be used to call an application program stored in the memory 305 for a method for detecting the filling quality of membrane bag concrete. When executed by one or more processors 301, the electronic device executes one or more methods in the above-mentioned embodiments.

[0157] It should be noted that, for the aforementioned method embodiments, for the sake of simplicity, they are all described as a series of action combinations, but those skilled in the art should be aware that the present application is not limited by the order of the actions described, because according to the present application, certain steps can be performed in other orders or simultaneously. Secondly, those skilled in the art should also be aware that the embodiments described in the specification are all preferred embodiments, and the actions and modules involved are not necessarily required for the present application.

[0158] In the above embodiments, the description of each embodiment has its own emphasis. For parts that are not described in detail in a certain embodiment, reference can be made to the relevant descriptions of other embodiments.

[0159] In the several embodiments provided in this application, it should be understood that the disclosed devices can be implemented in other ways. For example, the device embodiments described above are only schematic, such as the division of units, which is only a logical function division. There may be other division methods in actual implementation, such as multiple units or components can be combined or integrated into another system, or some features can be ignored or not executed. Another point is that the mutual coupling or direct coupling or communication connection shown or discussed can be through some service interfaces, and the indirect coupling or communication connection of devices or units can be electrical or other forms.

[0160] The units described as separate components may or may not be physically separated, and the components shown as units may or may not be physical units, that is, they may be located in one place or distributed on multiple network units. Some or all of the units may be selected according to actual needs to achieve the purpose of the solution of this embodiment.

[0161] In addition, each functional unit in each embodiment of the present application may be integrated into one processing unit, or each unit may exist physically separately, or two or more units may be integrated into one unit. The above-mentioned integrated unit may be implemented in the form of hardware or in the form of software functional units.

[0162] If the integrated unit is implemented in the form of a software functional unit and sold or used as an independent product, it can be stored in a computer-readable memory. Based on this understanding, the technical solution of the present application, or the part that contributes to the prior art, or all or part of the technical solution can be embodied in the form of a software product, which is stored in a memory 305 and includes several instructions for a computer device (which can be a personal computer, server or network device, etc.) to perform all or part of the steps of the various embodiments of the present application. The aforementioned memory 305 includes: various media that can store program codes, such as a USB flash drive, a mobile hard disk, a magnetic disk or an optical disk.

[0163] The present application also discloses a computer-readable storage medium, wherein the computer-readable storage medium stores instructions. When executed by one or more processors 301, the electronic device executes one or more of the methods described in the above embodiments.

[0164] The above is only an exemplary embodiment of the present disclosure, and the scope of the present disclosure cannot be limited thereto. That is, any equivalent changes and modifications made according to the teachings of the present disclosure are still within the scope of the present disclosure. After considering the disclosure of the specification and the truth of practice, it will be easy for those skilled in the art to think of other embodiments of the present disclosure. This application is intended to cover any modification, use or adaptation of the present disclosure, which follows the general principles of the present disclosure and includes common knowledge or customary technical means in the technical field that are not recorded in the present disclosure. The description and examples are regarded as exemplary only, and the scope and spirit of the present disclosure are defined by the claims.

Claims

1. A method for detecting the filling quality of film bag concrete, characterized in that: The method is applied to an ultrasonic sensor system, and the method comprises: During the concrete filling process, wave velocity data collected by each ultrasonic sensor is obtained, wherein the ultrasonic sensor collects the wave velocity data from multiple different positions of the membrane bag concrete; Calculating the density of the membrane bag concrete at different positions according to the wave velocity data; Generating a density distribution inside the film bag concrete according to the density at different positions of the film bag concrete; The defective area inside the membrane bag concrete is located in combination with the density distribution inside the membrane bag concrete.

2. A method for detecting the filling quality of film bag concrete according to claim 1, characterized in that: Calculating the density of the membrane bag concrete at different positions according to the wave velocity data specifically includes: Obtaining the theoretical wave velocity of the membrane bag concrete when it reaches a preset complete density; Calculating the porosity of the membrane bag concrete according to the actual wave velocity corresponding to the wave velocity data and the theoretical wave velocity; Based on the inverse relationship between the porosity and the density, the density of the membrane bag concrete is determined.

3. A method for detecting the filling quality of film bag concrete according to claim 1, characterized in that: The step of generating the density distribution inside the film bag concrete according to the density at different positions of the film bag concrete specifically includes: According to the structure of the membrane bag concrete, the membrane bag concrete is meshed to form a plurality of network models including mesh units, wherein each mesh unit corresponds to one or more wave velocity data; Determining the spatial position of each of the ultrasonic sensors in the dimension of the membrane bag; Determining the wave velocity data of each of the grid units according to the corresponding relationship between the ultrasonic sensor and the wave velocity data; According to the density corresponding to the wave velocity data, the density of each grid unit is determined, thereby generating the density distribution inside the membrane bag concrete.

4. A method for detecting the filling quality of film bag concrete according to claim 3, characterized in that: The method of locating the defective area inside the film bag concrete in combination with the density distribution inside the film bag concrete specifically includes: Determine a grid neighborhood of each of the grid cells, wherein the grid neighborhood includes a plurality of adjacent grid cells adjacent to the grid cell; Calculating the density difference between the grid unit and the adjacent grid units; Determine whether the ratio of the density difference to the density mean is greater than or equal to a preset threshold, wherein the density mean is the mean of the density of the grid unit and the density of the adjacent grid unit; If it is determined that the ratio of the density difference to the density mean is greater than or equal to the preset threshold, the grid unit is determined to be a defective grid unit; If it is determined that the grid unit and the plurality of adjacent grid units are defective grid units, and the number of the plurality of defective grid units exceeds a preset number, the grid neighborhood is determined to be the defective area.

5. A method for detecting the filling quality of film bag concrete according to claim 1, characterized in that: After acquiring the wave velocity data collected by each ultrasonic sensor during the concrete pouring process, the method further includes: During the filling process, the ultrasonic sensor activates a high-frequency signal to detect the surface layer of the membrane bag concrete, and obtains the echo time of the high-frequency signal; During the filling process, the ultrasonic sensor activates a low-frequency signal to detect the interior of the membrane bag concrete, and obtains wave velocity data, attenuation rate and signal strength of the low-frequency signal.

6. A method for detecting the filling quality of film bag concrete according to claim 5, characterized in that: After calculating the density of the membrane bag concrete at different positions according to the wave velocity data, the method further includes: Calculating the surface wave velocity of the high frequency signal according to the echo time of the high frequency signal; If it is determined that the surface wave velocity has a downward trend, it is determined that cracks exist in the surface layer of the membrane bag concrete, and the crack depth of the membrane bag concrete is calculated based on the surface wave velocity and the echo time difference of the high-frequency signal.

7. A method for detecting the filling quality of film bag concrete according to claim 5, characterized in that: The method of locating the defective area inside the film bag concrete in combination with the density distribution inside the film bag concrete specifically includes: According to the wave velocity data of the low-frequency signal, determine whether the wave velocity of the low-frequency signal has a downward trend, and according to the attenuation rate of the low-frequency signal, determine whether the attenuation degree of the low-frequency signal exceeds a preset degree, and according to the signal strength of the low-frequency signal, determine whether the signal strength difference is lower than expected, wherein the signal strength difference is the difference between the signal strength of the received low-frequency signal and the signal strength of the sent low-frequency signal; If it is determined that the wave velocity of the low-frequency signal has a downward trend, and the attenuation degree of the low-frequency signal exceeds a preset degree; or if it is determined that the wave velocity of the low-frequency signal has a downward trend, and whether the signal strength difference is lower than expected; or the attenuation degree of the low-frequency signal exceeds a preset degree, and whether the signal strength difference is lower than expected, it is determined that the defective area exists inside the membrane bag concrete.

8. A film bag concrete filling quality detection system, characterized in that: The system is an ultrasonic sensor system, comprising an acquisition module (201), a processing module (202), a generation module (203) and a judgment module (204), wherein: The acquisition module (201) is used to acquire wave velocity data collected by each ultrasonic sensor during the concrete filling process, wherein the ultrasonic sensor collects the wave velocity data from multiple different positions of the membrane bag concrete; The processing module (202) is used to calculate the density of different positions of the membrane bag concrete according to the wave velocity data; The generating module (203) is used to generate the density distribution inside the film bag concrete according to the density at different positions of the film bag concrete; The judgment module (204) is used to locate the defective area inside the membrane bag concrete in combination with the density distribution inside the membrane bag concrete.

9. An electronic device, characterized in that: The electronic device comprises a processor (301), a communication bus (302), a user interface (303), a network interface (304) and a memory (305), wherein the memory (305) is used to store instructions, the user interface (303) and the network interface (304) are both used to communicate with other devices, the communication bus (302) is used to realize connection and communication between components in the electronic device, and the processor (301) is used to execute the instructions stored in the memory (305) so that the electronic device executes the method according to any one of claims 1 to 7.

10. A computer-readable storage medium, characterized in that: The computer-readable storage medium stores instructions, and when the instructions are executed, the method according to any one of claims 1 to 7 is executed.

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