Low-power-consumption implementation method for air sonde of secondary anemometry air-sounding radar

Abstract

The invention discloses a low-power-consumption implementation method for an air sonde of a secondary anemometry air sounding radar. In the method, the ground radar calculates the gain of a receiving channel of the air sonde by measuring the distance between the ground radar and the air sonde, and controls the gain of the receiving channel of the air sonde by sending an instruction to the air sonde; the ground radar adjusts the working mode of the ground radar and the radar detection waveform code speed by measuring the distance between the ground radar and the air sonde, and controls the code speed of the response waveform of the air sonde by sending an instruction to the air sonde; the ground radar sends an instruction to the air sonde to control the dormancy duration of the air sonde; and the air sonde controls the working state of the sonde according to the working time sequence, and respectively controls each functional module of the receiving channel and the transmitting channel to work in a time-sharing manner according to the current working state. Compared with the prior art, the power consumption of the sonde is reduced, and the working time of the sonde can be prolonged.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the field of radars, and in particular to a method for realizing low power consumption of a secondary wind sounding radar. Background Art

[0002] The secondary wind sounding radar is a detection system that is used in conjunction with a sounding instrument suspended on a sounding balloon to obtain meteorological parameters such as wind direction, wind speed, temperature, air pressure, temperature, etc. at various levels within the range from the ground to 30km in the air.

[0003] The ground radar triggers the sonde to send back a response waveform containing a sounding code by sending a detection waveform containing command information. When the sonde is working, it obtains air pressure, humidity, and temperature information in real time through the sensors it carries and forms a sounding code. The ground radar receives and processes these signals, decodes the sounding code to obtain air pressure, temperature, and humidity information; determines the real-time position of the balloon through distance and direction measurement, and then obtains wind direction and wind speed information.

[0004] Since the sonde is suspended under a sounding balloon, its working power source must be powered by batteries. Usually nickel-cadmium batteries, nickel-metal hydride batteries or lithium batteries are used. The limited capacity of the battery leads to a limited working time of the sonde. Typically, the air detection time of the sonde is only about 1 hour. This results in fewer samples of meteorological data detected, affecting the accuracy of meteorological forecasts.

[0005] How to increase the airborne working time of the secondary wind sounding radar airborne sonde is the key to solving the problem. In the prior art, the working time of the sonde is usually extended by increasing the battery capacity, but this method has great limitations. First, the room for improving the battery capacity is very limited; second, as the battery capacity increases, the weight of the battery also increases significantly, thereby increasing the load requirements for the sounding balloon and further increasing the cost. Therefore, in addition to the battery approach, how to reduce power consumption to extend the airborne working time of the sonde is a difficult problem that technicians in this field need to solve. Summary of the invention

[0006] In order to overcome the deficiencies in the prior art, the present invention provides a method for realizing low power consumption of a secondary wind sounding radar, so as to extend the air working time of the sounding instrument.

[0007] To achieve the above purpose, the present invention discloses a method for realizing low power consumption of a secondary wind sounding radar airborne sonde, comprising: (S1) The ground radar measures the distance between the ground radar and the airsonde to calculate the airsonde receiving channel gain, and controls the airsonde receiving channel gain by sending instructions to the airsonde; (S2) The ground radar adjusts the ground radar working mode and radar detection waveform code rate by measuring the distance between the ground radar and the airborne sonde, and controls the code rate of the airborne sonde response waveform by sending instructions to the airborne sonde; (S3) The ground radar controls the sleep time of the airsonde by sending instructions to the airsonde; (S4) The airborne sounding instrument controls the working state of the sounding instrument according to the working sequence, and controls the time-sharing operation of each functional module of the receiving channel and the transmitting channel according to the current working state.

[0008] Preferably, the method for calculating the receiving channel gain of the airsonde by measuring the distance between the ground radar and the airsonde is: (A1) Calculate the received signal power of the airborne radiosonde :

[0009] In the above formula, is the signal power received by the radiosonde; is the transmitting power of the ground radar; is the ground radar antenna gain; is the radiosonde antenna gain; D is the transmission power of the ground radar, in km; F is the carrier frequency of the detection waveform transmitted by the ground radar, in MHz; (A2) Compare the received signal power of the radiosonde The radiosonde receiving power requirement : like , then the gain of the receiving channel E1 is: ; like , then the attenuation multiple E2 of the receiving channel is: .

[0010] Preferably, the method for the ground radar to control the code rate of the response waveform of the airsonde is as follows: the ground radar measures the distance between itself and the airsonde and compares it with the working mode distance threshold, determines and selects the working mode of the ground radar, sets the code rate type of the ground radar detection waveform, and controls the code rate of the response waveform of the airsonde by sending instructions to the airsonde.

[0011] Preferably, the ground radar measures the speed, direction and current position of the sounding balloon, calculates the time the sounding balloon is within the main lobe range of the ground radar antenna, obtains the sleep time of the airborne sonde, and transmits the sleep time parameter by sending instructions to the airborne sonde to control the sleep time of the airborne sonde.

[0012] Preferably, the working sequence of the airsonde is: receiving + transmitting + standby + sleeping, and repeating in a cycle.

[0013] Preferably, the working modes of the ground radar include short-range mode and long-range mode: in the short-range mode, the ground radar detection waveform selects a fast waveform or reduces the duration of the radar transmission detection waveform; in the long-range mode, the ground radar detection waveform selects a slow waveform or increases the duration of the radar transmission detection waveform.

[0014] Preferably, the method for controlling the code rate of the response waveform of the airborne sonde is as follows: the airborne sonde receives instructions sent by the ground radar, extracts the periodic parameters of the ground radar detection waveform, receives and stores the radar detection waveform emitted by the ground radar according to the periodic parameters, and uses amplitude modulation or phase modulation to load the detection data to be transmitted onto the stored radar detection waveform to form a response waveform, which is then forwarded to the ground radar through power amplification.

[0015] Preferably, when the working sequence of the airborne sounding instrument is receiving, the unit detection and data storage function modules of its receiving channel are working, and the modulation and forwarding function modules of its transmitting channel are turned off; when the working sequence of the airborne sounding instrument is transmitting, the unit detection and data storage function modules of its receiving channel are turned off, and the modulation and forwarding function modules of its transmitting channel are working; when the working sequence of the airborne sounding instrument is standby and sleep, both its transmitting channel and receiving channel are turned off.

[0016] The present invention has the following technical effects: In the technical solution disclosed in the present invention, the power consumption of the sonde is reduced to extend the working time of the sonde in the air; the power consumption of the sonde is reduced from four aspects, namely, controlling the receiving channel gain of the sonde in the air with ground radar, adjusting the code rate of the sonde response waveform, controlling the sleep time of the sonde, and controlling the time-sharing work of each module of the transceiver channel according to the timing, so as to achieve the purpose of extending the working time. By controlling the receiving channel gain of the sonde, adjusting the channel gain according to the receiving instruction, avoiding the automatic gain processing process of the sonde, reducing the complexity of hardware implementation, and thus reducing the demand for power consumption; by sending instructions, controlling the sonde to adjust the code rate of the response waveform, so that it can flexibly adjust the code rate according to the working mode requirements, and reducing the code rate or shortening the waveform duration in the close-range mode, reducing the duration of the sonde sending the response waveform, thereby reducing power consumption; by sending instructions, controlling the sleep duration of the sonde, increasing the sleep duration of the sonde on the premise of ensuring effective tracking of the ground radar, so as to further reduce the power consumption of the sonde; by reasonably dividing the working sequence, the sonde controls each functional module to work in time according to the working sequence, so as to minimize the demand for energy consumption of the sonde and extend the working time. Therefore, compared with the prior art, the present invention greatly reduces the power consumption of the sonde, which is conducive to extending the working time of the sonde in the air. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0017] The principles and features of the present invention are described below in conjunction with embodiments; the examples given are only used to explain the present invention; they are not used to limit the scope of the present invention.

[0018] In the prior art, how to increase the airborne working time of the secondary wind sounding radar airborne sonde is usually to extend the working time of the sonde by increasing the battery capacity, but this method has great limitations. On the one hand, this method is limited by the capacity improvement space of the battery, and on the other hand, as the battery capacity increases, the weight of the battery also increases significantly, which puts higher requirements on the load of the sounding balloon and increases the cost.

[0019] In order to solve the problems existing in the prior art, the inventor has conducted in-depth research on the principle of wind sounding radar system and innovated the signal processing method of airborne sounding instrument. On this basis, the embodiment of the present invention discloses a method for realizing low power consumption of airborne sounding instrument using secondary wind sounding radar, that is, starting from the perspective of reducing the power consumption of airborne sounding instrument to extend the airborne working time of airborne sounding instrument. In this method, it includes: (S1) The ground radar measures the distance between the ground radar and the airsonde to calculate the airsonde receiving channel gain, and controls the airsonde receiving channel gain by sending instructions to the airsonde; (S2) The ground radar adjusts the ground radar working mode and radar detection waveform code rate by measuring the distance between the ground radar and the airborne sonde, and controls the code rate of the airborne sonde response waveform by sending instructions to the airborne sonde; (S3) The ground radar controls the sleep time of the airsonde by sending instructions to the airsonde; (S4) The airborne sounding instrument controls the working state of the sounding instrument according to the working sequence, and controls the time-sharing operation of each functional module of the receiving channel and the transmitting channel according to the current working state.

[0020] In the prior art, the ground radar sends out an "inquiry signal" to trigger the sonde to send back an "answer signal" containing a sonde code. Since the distance between the ground radar and the air sonde changes dynamically between 0 and 30 km, the power of the "inquiry signal" sent by the ground radar and the signal reaching the air sonde also changes greatly with the change of distance. In order to adapt to this change, the air sonde in the prior art is usually provided with an automatic gain control module, so that the gain of the amplifier circuit is automatically adjusted with the strength of the received signal. It is an automatic control module to amplify or attenuate the power of the received signal so that the back-end signal processing module can better complete the ground radar signal processing. The automatic gain control module is usually formed by a closed-loop circuit, including a gain-controlled amplifier circuit and a control voltage forming circuit. The signal power amplification and attenuation generated by the automatic gain control module consumes a lot of electrical energy, shortening the working time of the air sonde.

[0021] In order to reduce the power consumption of the airborne sonde and extend its working time in the air, in the technical solution disclosed in the implementation of the present invention, the ground radar measures the distance between the ground radar and the airborne sonde, calculates the power of the ground radar detection signal reaching the airborne sonde, and then compares it with the receiving power requirement of the airborne sonde to calculate the gain amplification factor or attenuation factor of the airborne sonde receiving channel, and then transmits the calculated gain amplification factor or attenuation factor to the airborne sonde by sending instructions to the airborne sonde to achieve gain control of the airborne sonde receiving channel, thereby eliminating the automatic gain control module of the airborne sonde, saving power consumption and reducing implementation complexity. Specifically, The method by which the ground radar calculates the gain of the airsonde receiving channel by measuring the distance between the ground radar and the airsonde is: (A1) Calculate the received signal power of the airborne radiosonde :

[0022] In the above formula, is the signal power received by the radiosonde; is the transmitting power of the ground radar; is the ground radar antenna gain; is the radiosonde antenna gain; D is the transmission power of the ground radar, in km; F is the carrier frequency of the detection waveform transmitted by the ground radar, in MHz; (A2) Compare the received signal power of the radiosonde The receiving power requirement of the radiosonde : like , then the gain of the receiving channel E1 is: ; like , then the attenuation multiple E2 of the receiving channel is: .

[0023] In the prior art, the ground radar sends out an "inquiry signal" to trigger the sonde to send back an "answer signal" containing a sounding code to complete the transmission of detection data; during the detection of meteorological data, the waveform code rate or waveform time length of the "inquiry signal" sent by the ground radar and the "answer signal" sent by the sonde remains unchanged. This method easily wastes power consumption of the sonde and shortens the working time.

[0024] In order to solve this problem and extend the working time of the sonde in the air, in the technical solution disclosed in the implementation of the present invention, the ground radar measures the distance between the ground radar and the air sonde and compares it with the working mode distance threshold (the working mode distance threshold is generally set to 2000 meters), judges and selects the working mode of the ground radar, adjusts the working mode of the ground radar and the code rate of the radar detection waveform, and controls the code rate of the air sonde response waveform by sending instructions to the air sonde. Typically, the working modes of the ground radar include short-range mode and long-range mode; in the short-range mode, the ground radar detection waveform selects a fast waveform or reduces the time length of the radar emission detection waveform, and in the long-range mode, the ground radar detection waveform selects a slow waveform or increases the time length of the radar emission detection waveform.

[0025] Furthermore, in the technical solution disclosed in the implementation of the present invention, in the long-range mode, due to the strong spatial attenuation of the signal power of the radar detection waveform during the transmission process, the receiving signal-to-noise ratio of the airborne sonde is low, and a higher processing gain is required. The radar detection waveform code rate is adjusted to: a slow waveform signal with 64 pulses of 56μs width and a pulse repetition period of 60μs; or a long waveform signal with 32 pulses of 112μs width and a pulse repetition period of 120μs. In the short-range mode, since the spatial attenuation of the signal power of the radar detection waveform during transmission is low, the receiving signal-to-noise ratio of the airborne sonde is high and a very high processing gain is not required. The ground radar transmission waveform can be adjusted to: 16 short-time waveform signals with a pulse width of 56μs and a pulse repetition period of 60μs; or 32 fast waveform signals with a pulse width of 28μs and a pulse repetition period of 30μs; after the ground radar detection waveform code rate is adjusted, the waveform parameters of the ground radar are transmitted by sending instructions to the sonde, and the airborne sonde is controlled to adjust the code rate of the response waveform accordingly. Specifically: the airborne sonde extracts the periodic parameters of the ground radar detection waveform by receiving the instructions sent by the ground radar, receives and stores the radar detection waveform emitted by the ground radar according to the periodic parameters, and uses amplitude modulation or phase modulation to load the detection data to be transmitted onto the stored radar detection waveform to form a response waveform, which is then forwarded to the ground radar through power amplification. In this way, the response waveform code rate of the airsonde is matched with the ground radar detection waveform code rate, and can be adjusted according to the close-range working mode or the long-range working mode to reduce the transmission waveform time length of the airsonde response waveform, shorten the working time of the receiving path and the transmitting path of the airsonde, thereby reducing the system power consumption of the airsonde, so as to achieve the current goal of extending the working time of the airsonde.

[0026] In the prior art, the ground radar sends out an "inquiry signal" to trigger the sonde to send back an "answer signal" containing a sonde code to complete the transmission of detection data. During the process of detecting meteorological data in the air, the sonde is always in an activated working state, which will cause the system power consumption of the sonde to be relatively large. In fact, the hardware components of the sonde can be divided into a receiving part and a transmitting part. The receiving part and the transmitting part of the sonde do not need to work at the same time, and they adopt time-sharing work. Furthermore, since the change of meteorological data is not time-sensitive data, the detection data does not need to work continuously in real time, and periodic sampling can meet the needs of meteorological detection. Based on the above analysis, in order to further reduce the power consumption of the sonde and extend its working time in the air, in the technical solution disclosed in the implementation of the present invention, the working sequence of the airborne sonde is divided into: receiving + transmitting + standby + sleeping, and repeated in a cycle; the airborne sonde controls the working state of the sonde according to the working sequence, and controls the various functional modules of the receiving channel and the transmitting channel to work in time according to the current working state. Furthermore, when the working sequence of the airsonde is receiving, the unit detection and data storage function modules of the receiving channel are working, and the modulation and forwarding function modules of the transmitting channel are turned off; when the working sequence of the airsonde is transmitting, the unit detection and data storage function modules of the receiving channel are turned off, and the modulation and forwarding function modules of the transmitting channel are working; when the working sequence of the airsonde is standby and sleep, both the transmitting channel and the receiving channel are turned off. Typically, in the short-range working mode, its working sequence is: receiving 40ms per second, transmitting 40ms, standby 80ms, and sleeping 840ms; in the long-range working mode, its working sequence is: receiving 40ms per second, transmitting 40ms, standby 920ms, and sleeping 0ms.

[0027] If there is no timing management, the receiving channel and the transmitting channel of the radio frequency transceiver of the airsonde are turned on at the same time, and all the amplifiers in the channel are powered on, which will consume a lot of power; after the timing management is adopted, the communication module receives and transmits half of the time per second, and is in a dormant state most of the time. Therefore, the technical solution disclosed in the embodiment of the present invention can greatly reduce the power consumption of the airsonde by controlling the time-sharing operation of each functional module of the airsonde through the working timing, thereby extending the air working time of the airsonde and reducing the power consumption by more than half.

[0028] Furthermore, in the technical solution disclosed in the embodiment of the present invention, in order to better maintain the effective tracking of the airborne sonde by the ground radar, the sleep time of the airborne sonde is controlled by the ground radar. The ground radar measures the speed, direction and current position of the sounding balloon, calculates the time the sounding balloon is within the main lobe of the ground radar antenna, and obtains the sleep time of the sounding instrument. Then, it transmits the sleep time parameter by sending instructions to the airborne sounding instrument to control the sleep time of the airborne sounding instrument. In this way, the various functional modes of the airborne sounding instrument can be started in a reasonable sequence, and the ground radar can effectively track the airborne sounding instrument.

[0029] Through the above analysis, it can be known that in the technical scheme disclosed in the embodiment of the present invention, in the technical scheme disclosed in the embodiment of the present invention, starting from the perspective of reducing the power consumption of the sonde, the airborne working time of the sonde is extended; the power consumption of the sonde is reduced from four aspects: controlling the receiving channel gain of the airborne sonde by the ground radar, adjusting the response waveform code rate of the sonde, controlling the sleep time of the sonde, and controlling the time-sharing work of each module of the transceiver channel according to the timing, so as to achieve the purpose of extending the working time. By controlling the receiving channel gain of the sonde, adjusting the channel gain according to the receiving instruction, the automatic gain control function module is omitted, the hardware implementation complexity of the sonde is reduced, and the demand for power consumption is inevitably reduced; by sending instructions, the sonde is controlled to adjust the code rate of the response waveform, so that it can flexibly adjust the code rate according to the working mode requirements, and in the close-range mode, the code rate is reduced or the waveform duration is shortened to reduce the duration of the sonde sending the response waveform, thereby reducing power consumption; by sending instructions, the sleep duration of the sonde is controlled, and the sleep duration of the sonde is increased under the premise of ensuring effective tracking of the ground radar, so as to further reduce the power consumption of the sonde; by reasonably dividing the working sequence, the sonde controls each functional module to work in time according to the working sequence, so as to minimize the demand for energy consumption of the sonde and extend the working time. Therefore, compared with the prior art, the present invention greatly reduces the power consumption of the sonde, which is conducive to extending the working time of the sonde in the air.

[0030] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc. made within the spirit and principle of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A method for realizing low power consumption of a secondary wind sounding radar airborne sonde, characterized in that: include: (S1) The ground radar measures the distance between the ground radar and the airsonde to calculate the airsonde receiving channel gain, and controls the airsonde receiving channel gain by sending instructions to the airsonde; (S2) The ground radar adjusts the ground radar working mode and radar detection waveform code rate by measuring the distance between the ground radar and the airborne sonde, and controls the code rate of the airborne sonde response waveform by sending instructions to the airborne sonde; (S3) The ground radar controls the sleep time of the airsonde by sending instructions to the airsonde; (S4) The airborne sounding instrument controls the working state of the sounding instrument according to the working sequence, and controls the time-sharing operation of each functional module of the receiving channel and the transmitting channel according to the current working state.

2. The method for realizing low power consumption of secondary wind sounding radar airborne sonde according to claim 1, characterized in that: The method by which the ground radar calculates the gain of the airsonde receiving channel by measuring the distance between the ground radar and the airsonde is: (A1) Calculate the received signal power of the airborne radiosonde : ， In the above formula, is the signal power received by the radiosonde; is the transmitting power of the ground radar; is the ground radar antenna gain; is the radiosonde antenna gain; D is the transmission power of the ground radar, in km; F is the carrier frequency of the detection waveform transmitted by the ground radar, in MHz; (A2) Compare the received signal power of the radiosonde The radiosonde receiving power requirement : like , then the gain of the receiving channel E1 is: ； like , then the attenuation multiple E2 of the receiving channel is: 。 3. The low power consumption implementation method of the secondary wind sounding radar airsonde according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The method for ground radar to control the code rate of the response waveform of the airsonde is as follows: the ground radar measures the distance between itself and the airsonde and compares it with the working mode distance threshold, determines and selects the working mode of the ground radar, sets the code rate type of the ground radar detection waveform, and controls the code rate of the response waveform of the airsonde by sending instructions to the airsonde.

4. The method for realizing low power consumption of secondary wind sounding radar airborne sonde according to claim 1, characterized in that: The ground radar measures the speed, direction and current position of the sounding balloon, calculates the time the sounding balloon is within the main lobe of the ground radar antenna, and obtains the sleep time of the airsonde. The sleep time parameter is transmitted by sending instructions to the airsonde to control the sleep time of the airsonde.

5. The method for realizing low power consumption of secondary wind sounding radar airborne sonde according to claim 1, characterized in that: The working sequence of the airsonde is: receive + transmit + standby + sleep, and repeat in a cycle.

6. The method for realizing low power consumption of secondary wind sounding radar airborne sonde according to claim 3, characterized in that: The working modes of the ground radar include short-range mode and long-range mode: in the short-range mode, the ground radar detection waveform selects a fast waveform or reduces the duration of the radar transmission detection waveform; in the long-range mode, the ground radar detection waveform selects a slow waveform or increases the duration of the radar transmission detection waveform.

7. The method for realizing low power consumption of secondary wind sounding radar airborne sonde according to claim 3, characterized in that: The method for controlling the reply waveform code rate of the airborne sonde is as follows: the airborne sonde receives the instructions sent by the ground radar, extracts the periodic parameters of the ground radar detection waveform, receives the radar detection waveform emitted by the ground radar according to the periodic parameters and stores it, and uses amplitude modulation or phase modulation to load the detection data to be transmitted onto the stored radar detection waveform to form a reply waveform, which is then forwarded to the ground radar through power amplification.

8. The method for realizing low power consumption of secondary wind sounding radar airborne sonde according to claim 5, characterized in that: When the working sequence of the airsonde is receiving, the unit detection and data storage function modules of its receiving channel are working, and the modulation and forwarding function modules of its transmitting channel are turned off; when the working sequence of the airsonde is transmitting, the unit detection and data storage function modules of its receiving channel are turned off, and the modulation and forwarding function modules of its transmitting channel are working; when the working sequence of the airsonde is standby and sleep, both its transmitting channel and receiving channel are turned off.

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