Reverse fault displacement acquisition method based on partial derivative combination relationship

Abstract

The invention provides a reverse fault displacement acquisition method based on a partial derivative combination relation, and relates to the technical field of tectonic geology and seismic data interpretation, and the method comprises the steps: carrying out the interpretation of depth domain three-dimensional seismic data based on a minimum channel spacing and a line spacing, and obtaining reverse fault data and seismic horizon data; calculating the reverse fault data and the seismic horizon data by selecting a neighborhood to obtain neighborhood fault line data and seismic horizon line data; performing partial derivative combination relationship classification on the neighborhood fault line data and the seismic horizon bit line data to obtain a relationship classification result; and based on a relation classification result, a reverse fault displacement result is obtained through calculation, and the reverse fault displacement is obtained. The problem that reverse fault displacement is difficult to calculate accurately is solved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present specification relates to the technical fields of structural geology and seismic data interpretation, and in particular to a method for obtaining reverse fault displacement based on a partial derivative combination relationship. Background Art

[0002] Reverse faults generally cause the repetition of strata. In the process of 3D seismic interpretation, for a specific point of a single seismic layer in 3D space, there can only be a unique coordinate value. Therefore, the seismic horizon lines of the upper and lower plates close to the fault plane of the reverse fault often cannot directly contact the fault plane at the same time, and the seismic horizon lines of a certain plate will always be horizontally offset. In deep oil and gas exploration, in order to identify the underground structural high points, the seismic horizon line of the upper plate of the reverse fault is generally made to contact the fault plane to form an accurate interpretation point of the upper plate horizon line, while the seismic horizon line of the lower plate of the reverse fault is offset from the fault plane to form the interpretation point of the lower plate horizon line of the reverse fault. The distance calculated based on the interpretation point of the upper plate horizon line and the interpretation point of the lower plate horizon line does not always match the actual displacement of the reverse fault.

[0003] At present, the following two methods are mainly used to calculate the displacement of reverse faults. The first method does not rely on seismic horizon lines. The displacement is obtained by manually measuring the distance between the seismic horizons on the upper and lower walls of the reverse fault line one by one. However, this method has low accuracy, large errors, and is time-consuming. It is not feasible when facing a large number of reverse faults or long extension lengths. The second method is to split and interpret the upper wall seismic horizon lines and lower wall seismic horizon lines of the reverse fault belonging to the same set of strata. In this way, it can be ensured that the upper wall seismic horizon lines and lower wall seismic horizon lines are in direct contact with the reverse fault line at the same time. This method is feasible for the displacement of a single reverse fault. However, for three-dimensional seismic data with widespread reverse faults, multiple seismic interpretation horizons will be formed according to the above method, especially the seismic horizon lines sandwiched by several reverse faults with the same dip, which may be either the upper wall seismic horizon lines or the lower wall seismic horizon lines, resulting in confusion in the marking of the upper and lower wall seismic horizon lines of the reverse fault and difficulty in operation. In addition, split interpretation will also cause the same seismic layer to be fragmented, which is not conducive to the unified mapping of the entire area and deviates from the purpose of finding structural highs in oil and gas exploration. Summary of the invention

[0004] In view of the above-mentioned deficiencies in the prior art, the present invention provides a method for obtaining reverse fault displacement based on a partial derivative combination relationship, which solves the problem that reverse fault displacement is difficult to calculate accurately.

[0005] In order to achieve the above-mentioned invention object, the technical solution adopted by the present invention is: a method for obtaining reverse fault displacement based on partial derivative combination relationship, comprising:

[0006] S1: Based on the minimum trace spacing and line spacing, the 3D seismic data in the depth domain is interpreted to obtain reverse fault data and seismic horizon data;

[0007] S2: by selecting a neighborhood, calculating the reverse fault data and the seismic layer data to obtain neighborhood fault line data and seismic layer line data;

[0008] S3: performing partial derivative combination relationship classification on the neighborhood fault line data and the seismic stratum line data to obtain relationship classification results; wherein the relationship classification results include the first syn-directional reverse fault, the second syn-directional reverse fault, the reverse reverse fault and the reverse fault in the horizontal stratum in the inclined stratum;

[0009] S4: Based on the relationship classification result, the reverse fault displacement result is obtained through calculation, thereby completing the acquisition of the reverse fault displacement.

[0010] Further, the S1 includes:

[0011] Based on the minimum trace spacing and line spacing, the seismic horizon line is traced and the reverse fault fault line is interpreted for the 3D seismic data in the depth domain, and the reverse fault data and seismic horizon data as well as the coordinates of the interpretation points of the upper wall seismic horizon line and the lower wall seismic horizon line are obtained;

[0012] The interpretation offset angle and the corresponding straight-line distance are obtained by calculation using the coordinates of the interpretation points of the upper plate seismic stratum line and the coordinates of the interpretation points of the lower plate seismic stratum line; wherein the coordinates of the interpretation points of the upper plate seismic stratum line and the coordinates of the interpretation points of the lower plate seismic stratum line belong to seismic stratum data, and the interpretation offset angle and the corresponding straight-line distance belong to reverse fault data.

[0013] Further, the expression for explaining the offset angle and the corresponding straight-line distance is:

[0014]

[0015]

[0016] Among them, θ ij represents the interpreted offset angle of the jth fault line of the i-th reverse fault, |Z ijB -Z ijA | indicates A ij With B ij The vertical distance, Z ijB Indicates B ij The Z-axis coordinate, Z ijA Indicates A ij The Z-axis coordinate, X ijA Indicates A ij The X-axis coordinate, X ijB Indicates B ijThe X-axis coordinate, Y ijA Indicates A ij The Y-axis coordinate, Y ijB Indicates B ij The Y-axis coordinate of |A ij B ij | indicates A ij With B ij The straight-line distance, A ij represents the interpretation point of the seismic horizon on the jth fault line of the i-th reverse fault, B ij Represents the interpretation point of the lower wall seismic horizon line of the jth fault line of the ith reverse fault.

[0017] Further, the S2 includes:

[0018] Taking the XY plane point of the interpretation point of the upper wall seismic horizon line as the reference point, the neighborhood is selected along any fault line and seismic horizon line direction to obtain the neighborhood set of reverse fault line data points and the neighborhood set of seismic horizon line data points;

[0019] By calculating the coordinates within the neighborhood set of the reverse fault line data points and the neighborhood set of the seismic layer line data points, the fault line dip and the seismic layer line dip are obtained; wherein the fault line dip belongs to the neighborhood fault line data, and the seismic layer line dip belongs to the seismic layer line data.

[0020] Furthermore, the expressions of the reverse fault line data point neighborhood set and the seismic layer line data point neighborhood set are:

[0021]

[0022]

[0023] The expressions of the fault line dip angle and the seismic horizon line dip angle are:

[0024]

[0025]

[0026] Among them, ∪ ij断层线 represents the neighborhood set of data points of the jth reverse fault line of the i-th reverse fault, ∪ ij层位线 represents the neighborhood set of seismic horizon data points corresponding to the jth reverse fault line of the i-th reverse fault, X ij represents the X-axis coordinate of the neighborhood data point, Y ij represents the Y-axis coordinate of the neighborhood data point, Z ij断层线 represents the Z-axis coordinate of the neighborhood reverse fault line data point, Z ij层位线 represents the Z-axis coordinate of the neighborhood seismic horizon data point, X ijAIndicates A ij The X-axis coordinate, Y ijA Indicates A ij The Y-axis coordinate, α ij represents the neighborhood fault line dip, ΔZ ij断层线 represents the Z-axis coordinate difference of the neighborhood fault line data coordinate point, ΔX ij Indicates the X-axis coordinate difference of the corresponding data points in the neighborhood, ΔY ij represents the Y-axis coordinate difference of the corresponding data points in the neighborhood, β ij represents the dip angle of the neighborhood seismic horizon, ΔZ ij层位线 A represents the Z-axis coordinate difference of the neighboring seismic layer line data coordinate point, ij represents the coordinates of the seismic horizon interpretation point on the jth fault line of the i-th reverse fault, B ij Represents the coordinates of the lower plate seismic stratum line interpretation point of the jth fault line of the ith reverse fault; the fault line data coordinate point belongs to the neighborhood fault line data, and the seismic stratum line data coordinate point belongs to the seismic stratum line data.

[0027] Further, the S3 includes:

[0028] Classifying the Z value functions of the neighborhood fault line data and the seismic stratum line data by partial derivative combination relationship to obtain fault line classification data and seismic stratum line classification data;

[0029] The relationship classification result is obtained by analyzing the fault line classification data, the seismic stratum line classification data, the fault line dip angle and the seismic stratum line dip angle and using corresponding judgment conditions.

[0030] Furthermore, the expressions of the fault line classification data and the seismic horizon line classification data are as follows:

[0031] Z ij断层线 =f ij (X ij ,Y ij );

[0032] Z ij层位线 =g ij (X ij ,Y ij );

[0033] The judgment condition of the first syn-directional reverse fault in the inclined stratum is:

[0034] or And α ij <β ij ;

[0035] The judgment condition of the second reverse fault in the inclined stratum is:

[0036] or And α ij >β ij ;

[0037] The judgment conditions for reverse faults in the inclined strata are:

[0038] or

[0039] The judgment conditions for reverse faults in the horizontal strata are:

[0040] or β ij =0;

[0041] Among them, Z ij断层线 represents the Z-axis coordinate of the reverse fault line data point in the neighborhood, f ij represents the neighborhood fault line Z value function, X ij represents the X-axis coordinate of the neighborhood data point, Y ij represents the Y-axis coordinate of the neighborhood data point, Z ij层位线 represents the Z-axis coordinate of the neighborhood seismic horizon data point, g ij represents the Z value function of the neighborhood seismic horizon line, represents the partial derivative of the neighborhood fault line Z value function with respect to X, represents the partial derivative of the neighborhood seismic horizon Z value function with respect to X, represents the partial derivative of the neighborhood fault line Z value function with respect to Y, represents the partial derivative of the Z value function of the neighborhood seismic horizon with respect to Y, α ij represents the inclination angle of the fault line in the neighborhood, β ij Represents the dip angle of the neighborhood seismic horizon line.

[0042] Further, the S4 includes:

[0043] By calculating the data of the first reverse fault in the inclined stratum, the displacement result of the first reverse fault is obtained:

[0044]

[0045] By calculating the data of the second reverse fault in the inclined stratum, the displacement result of the second reverse fault is obtained:

[0046]

[0047] By calculating the data of reverse faults in the inclined strata, the displacement results of the third reverse fault are obtained:

[0048]

[0049] By calculating the data of reverse faults in the horizontal strata, the displacement result of the fourth reverse fault is obtained, and the displacement of the reverse fault is obtained:

[0050]

[0051] in, represents the displacement result of the first reverse fault, |A ij B ij | indicates A ij With B ij The straight-line distance, A ij represents the interpretation point of the seismic horizon on the jth fault line of the i-th reverse fault, B ij represents the interpretation point of the seismic horizon line of the jth fault line of the i-th reverse fault, represents the displacement result of the second reverse fault, β ij represents the dip angle of the neighborhood seismic horizon, θ ij represents the interpreted offset angle of the jth fault line of the i-th reverse fault, α ij represents the dip angle of the neighborhood fault line, represents the displacement result of the third reverse fault, Represents the fourth reverse fault displacement result; the first reverse fault displacement result, the second reverse fault displacement result, the third reverse fault displacement result and the fourth reverse fault displacement result belong to reverse fault displacement results.

[0052] The beneficial effects of the present invention are: a method for obtaining reverse fault displacement based on a partial derivative combination relationship, which is suitable for reverse fault displacement calculation under various geological backgrounds. By using the partial derivative combination relationship of reverse fault fault lines and seismic stratigraphic lines, the geometric relationship between reverse faults and strata is accurately described, and the reverse fault displacement is classified and calculated based on these relationships, which solves the problems of difficulty in obtaining traditional reverse fault displacement, cumbersome operation procedures, and low calculation efficiency, thereby improving the universality and usability of reverse fault displacement calculation methods.

[0053] (1) By analyzing the combined relationship of partial derivatives of reverse fault lines and seismic horizon lines, the similarities and differences between reverse faults and strata dips, as well as the relationship between reverse fault dips and strata dips, the proposed displacement calculation method can adapt to the calculation of reverse fault displacements under different geological backgrounds, showing a high degree of versatility and adaptability.

[0054] (2) The problem that the interpretation point of the stratigraphic line of the footwall of the reverse fault is not on the fault line is effectively avoided. The displacement of the reverse fault is directly calculated through the geometric relationship corresponding to the combination relationship of partial derivatives, skipping the tedious steps of constantly creating new seismic horizons to relocate the interpretation point of the stratigraphic line of the footwall of the reverse fault in the traditional method.

[0055] (3) The seismic stratigraphic lines and reverse fault line data were deeply mined and fully utilized. Through efficient data combination analysis, the tedious and repetitive operations that were easy to confuse were replaced, which improved the efficiency and accuracy and reduced the error rate. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0056] This specification will be further described in the form of exemplary embodiments, which will be described in detail by the accompanying drawings. These embodiments are not restrictive, and in these embodiments, the same number represents the same structure, wherein:

[0057] Figure 1 It is an exemplary flow chart of a method for acquiring reverse fault displacement based on a partial derivative combination relationship according to some embodiments of this specification. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0058] The specific implementation modes of the present invention are described below so that those skilled in the art can understand the present invention. However, it should be clear that the present invention is not limited to the scope of the specific implementation modes. For those of ordinary skill in the art, as long as various changes are within the spirit and scope of the present invention as defined and determined by the attached claims, these changes are obvious, and all inventions and creations utilizing the concept of the present invention are protected.

[0059] Example

[0060] Figure 1 is an exemplary flow chart of a method for obtaining reverse fault displacement based on a partial derivative combination relationship according to some embodiments of this specification. Figure 1 As shown, the process includes the following steps. In some embodiments, the process can be executed by a processor.

[0061] S1: Based on the minimum trace spacing and line spacing, the 3D seismic data in the depth domain are interpreted to obtain reverse fault data and seismic horizon data.

[0062] Depth domain three-dimensional seismic data refers to the three-dimensional seismic data with the Z axis in the depth domain.

[0063] In some embodiments, the processor may utilize oil and gas enterprises to obtain three-dimensional seismic data in depth through acquisition and processing in different mining rights areas.

[0064] The use of three-dimensional seismic data in the depth domain can better reflect the actual structural conditions of the underground.

[0065] The minimum trace spacing is the distance between adjacent detectors on the same survey line of 3D seismic data.

[0066] The minimum line spacing is the distance between two adjacent survey lines of three-dimensional geographic data.

[0067] In some embodiments, the processor may obtain the values ​​of the minimum trace spacing and the minimum line spacing from specific three-dimensional seismic data.

[0068] Reverse fault data is data reflecting the coordinate relationship between the fault lines of a reverse fault. For example, reverse fault data may include an interpreted offset angle and a corresponding straight-line distance.

[0069] Seismic horizon data is data reflecting the coordinate relationship between seismic horizon lines. For example, seismic horizon data may include the coordinates of interpretation points of the upper wall seismic horizon line and the coordinates of interpretation points of the lower wall seismic horizon line.

[0070] In some embodiments, the processor can implement S1 based on the following steps: based on the minimum trace spacing and line spacing, perform seismic layer line tracing and reverse fault fault line interpretation on the depth domain three-dimensional seismic data to obtain reverse fault data and seismic layer data as well as the coordinates of the interpretation points of the upper plate seismic layer line and the coordinates of the interpretation points of the lower plate seismic layer line; use the coordinates of the interpretation points of the upper plate seismic layer line and the coordinates of the interpretation points of the lower plate seismic layer line to obtain the interpretation offset angle and the corresponding straight-line distance through calculation.

[0071] The coordinates of the interpretation point of the hanging wall seismic horizon line are the coordinates of the point of the hanging wall seismic horizon line connected to the fault line of the reverse fault.

[0072] The coordinates of the interpretation point of the footwall seismic horizon line are the coordinates of the point of the footwall seismic horizon line that is connected to the reverse fault line and undergoes a lateral offset.

[0073] In some embodiments, the processor can use the minimum trace spacing and line spacing to perform seismic stratum line tracing and reverse fault fault line interpretation on the three-dimensional seismic data in the depth domain to obtain the coordinates of the upper plate seismic stratum line interpretation points and the lower plate seismic stratum line interpretation points.

[0074] In this way, the reverse fault line can always have a corresponding seismic horizon line on the Inline and Crossline sections.

[0075] The interpretation offset angle is the acute angle between the line connecting the coordinates of the interpretation point of the upper wall seismic stratum line and the coordinates of the interpretation point of the lower wall seismic stratum line and the vertical line.

[0076] The corresponding straight-line distance is the straight-line distance between the coordinates of the interpretation point of the upper wall seismic horizon line and the coordinates of the interpretation point of the lower wall seismic horizon line.

[0077] In some embodiments, the expression explaining the offset angle and the corresponding straight-line distance may be:

[0078]

[0079]

[0080] Among them, θ ij represents the interpreted offset angle of the jth fault line of the i-th reverse fault, |Z ijB -Z ijA | indicates A ij With B ij The vertical distance, Z ijB Indicates B ij The Z-axis coordinate, Z ijA Indicates A ij The Z-axis coordinate, X ijA Indicates A ij The X-axis coordinate, X ijB Indicates B ij The X-axis coordinate, Y ijA Indicates A ij The Y-axis coordinate, Y ijB Indicates B ij The Y-axis coordinate of |A ij B ij | indicates A ij With B ij The straight-line distance, A ij represents the interpretation point of the seismic horizon on the jth fault line of the i-th reverse fault, B ij Represents the interpretation point of the lower wall seismic horizon line of the jth fault line of the ith reverse fault.

[0081] S2: By selecting a neighborhood, calculating the reverse fault data and the seismic layer data, and obtaining neighborhood fault line data and seismic layer line data.

[0082] The neighborhood fault line data is data reflecting the fault line dip angle and data coordinate points. For example, the neighborhood fault line data may include the fault line dip angle and the fault line data coordinate points.

[0083] The seismic horizon line data is data reflecting the seismic horizon line dip angle and data coordinate points. For example, the seismic horizon line may include the seismic horizon line dip angle and the seismic horizon line data coordinate points.

[0084] In some embodiments, the processor can implement S2 based on the following steps: taking the XY plane point of the upper plate seismic stratum line interpretation point as a reference point, selecting a neighborhood along any fault line and seismic stratum line direction to obtain a reverse fault line data point neighborhood set and a seismic stratum line data point neighborhood set; and obtaining the fault line dip and the seismic stratum line dip by calculating the coordinates within the reverse fault line data point neighborhood set and the seismic stratum line data point neighborhood set.

[0085] The neighborhood set of reverse fault line data points and the neighborhood set of reverse fault line data points whose distance from the reference point is less than a certain range. For example, the neighborhood set may include a set of reverse fault line data coordinate points whose distance from the reference point is less than 100m.

[0086] The neighborhood set of seismic stratum line data points is a neighborhood set of seismic stratum line data points whose distance from the reference point is less than a certain range. For example, the neighborhood set may include a set of seismic stratum line data coordinate points whose distance from the reference point is less than 100 m.

[0087] In some embodiments, the expression of the neighborhood set may be:

[0088]

[0089]

[0090] Among them, ∪ ij断层线 represents the neighborhood set of data points of the jth reverse fault line of the i-th reverse fault, ∪ ij层位线 represents the neighborhood set of seismic horizon data points corresponding to the jth reverse fault line of the i-th reverse fault, X ij represents the X-axis coordinate of the neighborhood data point, Y ij represents the Y-axis coordinate of the neighborhood data point, Z ij断层线 represents the Z-axis coordinate of the neighborhood reverse fault line data point, Z ij层位线 represents the Z-axis coordinate of the neighborhood seismic horizon data point, X ijA Indicates A ij The X-axis coordinate, Y ijA Indicates A ij The Y-axis coordinate of .

[0091] In some embodiments, the expressions for the fault line dip angle and the seismic horizon line dip angle may be:

[0092]

[0093]

[0094] Among them, α ij represents the neighborhood fault line dip, ΔZ ij断层线represents the Z-axis coordinate difference of the neighborhood fault line data coordinate point, ΔX ij Indicates the X-axis coordinate difference of the corresponding data points in the neighborhood, ΔY ij represents the Y-axis coordinate difference of the corresponding data points in the neighborhood, β ij represents the dip angle of the neighborhood seismic horizon, ΔZ ij层位线 A represents the Z-axis coordinate difference of the neighboring seismic layer line data coordinate point, ij represents the coordinates of the seismic horizon interpretation point on the jth fault line of the i-th reverse fault, B ij Represents the coordinates of the seismic stratum line interpretation point under the jth fault line of the ith reverse fault; the fault line data coordinate point belongs to the neighborhood fault line data, and the seismic stratum line data coordinate point belongs to the seismic stratum line data.

[0095] S3: Perform partial derivative combination relationship classification on the neighborhood fault line data and the seismic layer line data to obtain a relationship classification result.

[0096] The relationship classification result is a result reflecting the reverse fault type of the current neighborhood set. For example, the relationship classification result may include the first syn-directional reverse fault, the second syn-directional reverse fault, the reverse reverse fault, and the reverse fault in the horizontal stratum in the inclined stratum.

[0097] In some embodiments, the processor can implement S3 based on the following steps: performing partial derivative combination relationship classification on the Z value functions of the neighborhood fault line data and the seismic layer line data to obtain fault line classification data and seismic layer line classification data; analyzing the fault line classification data, the seismic layer line classification data, the fault line dip and the seismic layer line dip, and using corresponding judgment conditions to obtain the relationship classification result.

[0098] The fault line classification data is data reflecting the Z value function of the fault line.

[0099] Seismic stratigraphic line classification data is data reflecting the Z-value function of seismic stratigraphic lines.

[0100] In some embodiments, the expressions of fault line classification data and seismic horizon line classification data may be:

[0101] Z ij断层线 =f ij (X ij ,Y ij );

[0102] Z ij层位线 =g ij (X ij ,Y ij );

[0103] Among them, Z ij断层线represents the Z-axis coordinate of the reverse fault line data point in the neighborhood, f ij represents the neighborhood fault line Z value function, X ij represents the X-axis coordinate of the neighborhood data point, Y ij represents the Y-axis coordinate of the neighborhood data point, Z ij层位线 represents the Z-axis coordinate of the neighborhood seismic horizon data point, g ij Represents the Z value function of the neighborhood seismic layer line.

[0104] In some embodiments, the determination condition of the first syn-directional reverse fault in the inclined stratum is:

[0105] or And α ij <β ij ;

[0106] The judgment conditions for the second syn-directional reverse fault in the inclined strata are:

[0107] or And α ij >β ij ;

[0108] The judgment conditions for reverse faults in inclined strata are:

[0109] or

[0110] The judgment conditions for reverse faults in horizontal strata are:

[0111] or β ij =0;

[0112] represents the partial derivative of the neighborhood fault line Z value function with respect to X, represents the partial derivative of the neighborhood seismic horizon Z value function with respect to X, represents the partial derivative of the neighborhood fault line Z value function with respect to Y, represents the partial derivative of the Z value function of the neighborhood seismic horizon with respect to Y, α ij represents the inclination angle of the fault line in the neighborhood, β ij Represents the dip angle of the neighborhood seismic horizon line.

[0113] S4: Based on the relationship classification result, the reverse fault displacement result is obtained through calculation, thereby completing the acquisition of the reverse fault displacement.

[0114] The reverse fault displacement result is a result reflecting the reverse fault displacement of each neighborhood set. For example, the reverse fault displacement result may include a first reverse fault displacement result, a second reverse fault displacement result, a third reverse fault displacement result, and a fourth reverse fault displacement result.

[0115] In some embodiments, the processor can implement S4 based on the following steps: by calculating the data of the first syn-directional reverse fault in the inclined formation, obtaining the first reverse fault displacement result; by calculating the data of the second syn-directional reverse fault in the inclined formation, obtaining the second reverse fault displacement result; by calculating the data of the reverse reverse fault in the inclined formation, obtaining the third reverse fault displacement result; by calculating the data of the reverse fault in the horizontal formation, obtaining the fourth reverse fault displacement result, and completing the acquisition of the reverse fault displacement.

[0116] In some embodiments, the expression of the first reverse fault displacement result may be:

[0117]

[0118] The expression of the displacement result of the second reverse fault can be:

[0119]

[0120] The expression of the displacement result of the third reverse fault can be:

[0121]

[0122] The expression of the displacement result of the fourth reverse fault can be:

[0123]

[0124] in, represents the displacement result of the first reverse fault, |A ij B ij | indicates A ij With B ij The straight-line distance, A ij represents the interpretation point of the seismic horizon on the jth fault line of the i-th reverse fault, B ij represents the interpretation point of the seismic horizon line of the jth fault line of the i-th reverse fault, represents the displacement result of the second reverse fault, β ij represents the dip angle of the neighborhood seismic horizon, θ ij represents the interpreted offset angle of the jth fault line of the i-th reverse fault, α ij represents the dip angle of the neighborhood fault line, represents the displacement result of the third reverse fault, Represents the fourth reverse fault displacement result; the first reverse fault displacement result, the second reverse fault displacement result, the third reverse fault displacement result and the fourth reverse fault displacement result belong to reverse fault displacement results.

[0125] In some embodiments of the present specification, a method for obtaining reverse fault displacement based on a combination of partial derivatives is applicable to reverse fault displacement calculations under a variety of geological backgrounds. By using the combination of partial derivatives of reverse fault lines and seismic stratigraphic lines, the geometric relationship between reverse faults and strata is accurately depicted, and the reverse fault displacements are classified and calculated based on these relationships. This solves the problems of difficulty in obtaining traditional reverse fault displacements, cumbersome operating procedures, and low calculation efficiency, thereby improving the universality and usability of reverse fault displacement calculation methods.

[0126] (1) By analyzing the combined relationship of partial derivatives of reverse fault lines and seismic horizon lines, the similarities and differences between reverse faults and strata dips, as well as the relationship between reverse fault dips and strata dips, the proposed displacement calculation method can adapt to the calculation of reverse fault displacements under different geological backgrounds, showing a high degree of versatility and adaptability.

[0127] (2) The problem that the interpretation point of the stratigraphic line of the footwall of the reverse fault is not on the fault line is effectively avoided. The displacement of the reverse fault is directly calculated through the geometric relationship corresponding to the combination relationship of partial derivatives, skipping the tedious steps of constantly creating new seismic horizons to relocate the interpretation point of the stratigraphic line of the footwall of the reverse fault in the traditional method.

[0128] (3) The seismic stratigraphic lines and reverse fault line data were deeply mined and fully utilized. Through efficient data combination analysis, the tedious and repetitive operations that were easy to confuse were replaced, which improved the efficiency and accuracy and reduced the error rate.

Claims

1. A method for obtaining reverse fault displacement based on partial derivative combination relationship, characterized in that: include: S1: Based on the minimum trace spacing and line spacing, the 3D seismic data in the depth domain is interpreted to obtain reverse fault data and seismic horizon data; S2: by selecting a neighborhood, calculating the reverse fault data and the seismic layer data to obtain neighborhood fault line data and seismic layer line data; S3: performing partial derivative combination relationship classification on the neighborhood fault line data and the seismic stratum line data to obtain relationship classification results; wherein the relationship classification results include the first syn-directional reverse fault, the second syn-directional reverse fault, the reverse reverse fault and the reverse fault in the horizontal stratum in the inclined stratum; S4: Based on the relationship classification result, the reverse fault displacement result is obtained through calculation, thereby completing the acquisition of the reverse fault displacement.

2. The method for obtaining reverse fault displacement based on partial derivative combination relationship according to claim 1, characterized in that: The S1 includes: Based on the minimum trace spacing and line spacing, the seismic horizon line is traced and the reverse fault fault line is interpreted for the 3D seismic data in the depth domain, and the reverse fault data and seismic horizon data as well as the coordinates of the interpretation points of the upper wall seismic horizon line and the lower wall seismic horizon line are obtained; The interpretation offset angle and the corresponding straight-line distance are obtained by calculation using the coordinates of the interpretation points of the upper plate seismic stratum line and the coordinates of the interpretation points of the lower plate seismic stratum line; wherein the coordinates of the interpretation points of the upper plate seismic stratum line and the coordinates of the interpretation points of the lower plate seismic stratum line belong to seismic stratum data, and the interpretation offset angle and the corresponding straight-line distance belong to reverse fault data.

3. The method for obtaining reverse fault displacement based on partial derivative combination relationship according to claim 2, characterized in that: The expression for explaining the offset angle and the corresponding straight-line distance is: Among them, θ ij represents the interpreted offset angle of the jth fault line of the i-th reverse fault, |Z ijB -Z ijA | indicates A ij With B ij The vertical distance, Z ijB Indicates B ij The Z-axis coordinate, Z ijA Indicates A ij The Z-axis coordinate, X ijA Indicates A ij The X-axis coordinate, X ijB Indicates B ij The X-axis coordinate, Y ijA Indicates A ij The Y-axis coordinate, Y ijB Indicates B ij The Y-axis coordinate of |A ij B ij | indicates A ij With B ij The straight-line distance, A ij represents the interpretation point of the seismic horizon on the jth fault line of the i-th reverse fault, B ij Represents the interpretation point of the lower wall seismic horizon line of the jth fault line of the ith reverse fault.

4. The method for acquiring reverse fault displacement based on partial derivative combination relationship according to claim 1, characterized in that: The S2 includes: Taking the XY plane point of the interpretation point of the upper wall seismic horizon line as the reference point, the neighborhood is selected along any fault line and seismic horizon line direction to obtain the neighborhood set of reverse fault line data points and the neighborhood set of seismic horizon line data points; By calculating the coordinates within the neighborhood set of the reverse fault line data points and the neighborhood set of the seismic layer line data points, the fault line dip and the seismic layer line dip are obtained; wherein the fault line dip belongs to the neighborhood fault line data, and the seismic layer line dip belongs to the seismic layer line data.

5. The method for obtaining reverse fault displacement based on partial derivative combination relationship according to claim 4, characterized in that: The expressions of the reverse fault line data point neighborhood set and the seismic horizon line data point neighborhood set are: The expressions of the fault line dip angle and the seismic horizon line dip angle are: Among them, ∪ ij断层线 represents the neighborhood set of data points of the jth reverse fault line of the i-th reverse fault, ∪ ij层位线 represents the neighborhood set of seismic horizon data points corresponding to the jth reverse fault line of the i-th reverse fault, X ij represents the X-axis coordinate of the neighborhood data point, Y ij represents the Y-axis coordinate of the neighborhood data point, Z ij断层线 represents the Z-axis coordinate of the neighborhood reverse fault line data point, Z ij层位线 represents the Z-axis coordinate of the neighborhood seismic horizon data point, X ijA Indicates A ij The X-axis coordinate, Y ijA Indicates A ij The Y-axis coordinate, α ij represents the dip angle of the fault line in the neighborhood, ΔZ ij断层线 represents the Z-axis coordinate difference of the neighborhood fault line data coordinate point, ΔX ij Indicates the X-axis coordinate difference of the corresponding data points in the neighborhood, ΔY ij represents the Y-axis coordinate difference of the corresponding data points in the neighborhood, β ij represents the dip angle of the neighborhood seismic horizon, ΔZ ij层位线 A represents the Z-axis coordinate difference of the neighboring seismic layer line data coordinate point, ij represents the coordinates of the seismic horizon interpretation point on the jth fault line of the i-th reverse fault, B ij Represents the coordinates of the seismic stratum line interpretation point under the jth fault line of the ith reverse fault; the fault line data coordinate point belongs to the neighborhood fault line data, and the seismic stratum line data coordinate point belongs to the seismic stratum line data.

6. The method for obtaining reverse fault displacement based on partial derivative combination relationship according to claim 4, characterized in that: The S3 includes: Classifying the Z value functions of the neighborhood fault line data and the seismic stratum line data by partial derivative combination relationship to obtain fault line classification data and seismic stratum line classification data; The relationship classification result is obtained by analyzing the fault line classification data, the seismic stratum line classification data, the fault line dip angle and the seismic stratum line dip angle and using corresponding judgment conditions.

7. The method for obtaining reverse fault displacement based on partial derivative combination relationship according to claim 6, characterized in that: The expressions of the fault line classification data and the seismic horizon line classification data are as follows: Z ij断层线 =f ij (X ij ,Y ij ); Z ij层位线 =g ij (X ij ,Y ij ); The judgment condition of the first syn-directional reverse fault in the inclined stratum is: or And α ij <β ij ; The judgment condition of the second reverse fault in the inclined stratum is: or And α ij >β ij ; The judgment conditions for reverse faults in the inclined strata are: or The judgment conditions for reverse faults in the horizontal strata are: or Among them, Z ij断层线 represents the Z-axis coordinate of the reverse fault line data point in the neighborhood, f ij represents the neighborhood fault line Z value function, X ij represents the X-axis coordinate of the neighborhood data point, Y ij represents the Y-axis coordinate of the neighborhood data point, Z ij层位线 represents the Z-axis coordinate of the neighborhood seismic horizon data point, g ij represents the Z value function of the neighborhood seismic horizon line, represents the partial derivative of the neighborhood fault line Z value function with respect to X, represents the partial derivative of the neighborhood seismic horizon Z value function with respect to X, represents the partial derivative of the neighborhood fault line Z value function with respect to Y, represents the partial derivative of the Z value function of the neighborhood seismic horizon with respect to Y, α ij represents the inclination angle of the fault line in the neighborhood, β ij Represents the dip angle of the neighborhood seismic horizon line.

8. The method for acquiring reverse fault displacement based on partial derivative combination relationship according to claim 1, characterized in that: The S4 includes: By calculating the data of the first reverse fault in the inclined stratum, the displacement result of the first reverse fault is obtained: By calculating the data of the second reverse fault in the inclined stratum, the displacement result of the second reverse fault is obtained: By calculating the data of reverse faults in the inclined strata, the displacement results of the third reverse fault are obtained: By calculating the data of reverse faults in the horizontal strata, the displacement result of the fourth reverse fault is obtained, and the displacement of the reverse fault is obtained: in, represents the displacement result of the first reverse fault, |A ij B ij | indicates A ij With B ij The straight-line distance, A ij represents the interpretation point of the seismic horizon on the jth fault line of the i-th reverse fault, B ij represents the interpretation point of the seismic horizon line of the jth fault line of the i-th reverse fault, represents the displacement result of the second reverse fault, β ij represents the dip angle of the neighborhood seismic horizon, θ ij represents the interpreted offset angle of the jth fault line of the i-th reverse fault, α ij represents the dip angle of the neighborhood fault line, represents the displacement result of the third reverse fault, Represents the fourth reverse fault displacement result; the first reverse fault displacement result, the second reverse fault displacement result, the third reverse fault displacement result and the fourth reverse fault displacement result belong to reverse fault displacement results.

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