Rapeseed seedling transplanting planting depth monitoring system and method

Abstract

The present invention provides a rape seedling transplanting planting depth monitoring system and method, which relates to the field of mechanized transplanting detection technology. The present invention collects soil nutrient data and soil environment data at a certain depth before and after transplanting, and performs comprehensive analysis to generate a nutrient deviation index and an environment deviation index, and generates a depth deviation index according to the nutrient deviation index and the environment deviation index; obtains rape seedling state data after transplanting, analyzes the rape seedling state data and the transplanting depth to generate a state deviation index, generates a depth assessment index according to the state deviation index and the depth deviation index, presets a depth assessment threshold, and judges whether the transplanting depth is appropriate according to the comparison result of the depth assessment index and the depth balance threshold. The present invention constructs a depth assessment system to realize the judgment of the rationality of the transplanting depth.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of mechanized transplanting detection, and in particular to a method and system for monitoring the planting depth of rapeseed seedlings in pots. Background Art

[0002] Transplanting rapeseed seedlings in pots is a planting method widely used in agricultural production, and its transplanting depth is crucial to the growth and development of crops. Traditional transplanting depth mainly relies on manual experience to judge, lacking scientific quantitative analysis, resulting in uneven transplanting depth, which affects the root development of crops, soil nutrient absorption, and the lodging resistance of plants. In addition, soil environmental conditions will also change during the transplanting process, and existing technologies have not yet been able to effectively evaluate the impact of these changes on rapeseed growth. Therefore, there is an urgent need for a system that can scientifically monitor and evaluate the transplanting depth of rapeseed seedlings to ensure that the transplanting depth is appropriate and improve crop survival rate and growth quality.

[0003] In the prior art, publication number CN107621634A discloses a seedling pot transplanting planting depth monitoring system and method, including a seedling pot position detection unit, a ground penetrating radar, an electromagnetic wave frequency control module, a processor, and a display and alarm module. The transmitting antenna of the ground penetrating radar is connected to the electromagnetic wave frequency control module through a communication cable, the signal output end of the electromagnetic wave frequency control module is connected to the signal input end of the processor, the signal output end of the processor is connected to the display and alarm module, and the signal output end of the seedling pot position detection unit is connected to the signal input end of the processor. This prior art can only measure the size of the transplanting depth, and cannot determine whether the current transplanting depth is appropriate, and lacks a means of analyzing the rationality of the transplanting depth. The user cannot determine whether the measured depth is consistent with plant growth, which may affect the growth and survival rate of the plant.

[0004] The above information disclosed in this Background section is only for enhancement of understanding of the background of the present disclosure and therefore it may contain information that does not constitute the prior art that is already known to one of ordinary skill in the art. Summary of the invention

[0005] The object of the present invention is to provide a method and system for monitoring the planting depth of rapeseed seedlings in pots, so as to solve the problems raised in the above-mentioned background technology.

[0006] To achieve the above object, the present invention provides the following technical solutions:

[0007] A rape seedling transplanting depth monitoring system, specifically comprising:

[0008] The pre-transplantation analysis module is used to randomly select N rape seedlings before transplanting, measure the soil penetration depth of each selected rape seedling, take the average soil penetration depth of the N rape seedlings as the pre-transplantation depth, and obtain soil nutrient data and soil environment data at the pre-transplantation depth;

[0009] The before-after comparison module is used to obtain soil nutrient data and soil environmental data at the transplanting depth, conduct a comprehensive analysis of the soil nutrient data at the depth before transplanting and the soil nutrient data at the transplanting depth to generate a nutrient deviation index, and conduct a comprehensive analysis of the soil environmental data at the depth before transplanting and the soil environmental data at the transplanting depth to generate an environmental deviation index;

[0010] Environmental nutrient analysis module, used to obtain the depth deviation index according to the nutrient deviation index and the environmental deviation index;

[0011] A state analysis module is used to obtain rapeseed seedling state data after the rapeseed seedlings to be evaluated are transplanted, and analyze the rapeseed seedling state data and transplanting depth to generate a state deviation index, wherein the seedling state data includes the total leaf area, main diameter length, main diameter diameter, uprightness and main diameter curvature of the rapeseed seedlings;

[0012] The depth assessment module is used to generate a depth assessment index according to the state deviation index and the depth deviation index, preset a depth assessment threshold, and judge whether the transplanting depth is appropriate according to the comparison result between the depth assessment index and the depth balance threshold.

[0013] Furthermore, the specific logic for obtaining the depth before transplanting is: mark the highest position where the rape seedlings contact the soil, measure the distance between the lowest position of the roots of the rape seedlings and the marked position, and this distance is the depth of soil penetration. The average value of the depth of soil penetration of each rape seedling is calculated to obtain the depth before transplanting. The specific formula for calculating the depth before transplanting is:

[0014]

[0015] Among them, H 1 is the depth before transplanting, HD i is the soil burial depth of the i-th rapeseed seedling, N is the number of selected rapeseed seedlings, i is the index of the rapeseed seedling, and i∈[1, N];

[0016] The soil nutrient data include the content of nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium, sulfur and calcium, and the soil environmental data include the oxygen content, pH, water content and temperature of the soil;

[0017] The soil nutrient data and soil environment data are obtained by sampling the depth before transplanting and sending the collected samples to the laboratory.

[0018] Furthermore, the specific formula for generating the nutrient deviation index is:

[0019]

[0020] Among them, NY is the nutrient deviation index, N(j) is the jth soil nutrient data at the depth before transplanting, and N 1 (j) is the jth soil nutrient data at the transplanting depth, and j is the index of the soil nutrient data;

[0021] The specific formula used to generate the environmental deviation index is:

[0022]

[0023] Among them, EY is the environmental deviation index, E(k) is the kth soil environmental data before transplanting, and E 1 (k) is the kth soil environment data at the transplanting depth, and k is the index of the soil environment data.

[0024] The specific formula used to generate the depth deviation index is:

[0025] PY=α*NY+β*EY

[0026] Among them, PY is the depth deviation index, NY is the nutrient deviation index, EY is the environmental deviation index, α and β are weight coefficients, and α+β=1, α<β, α∈[0.4, 0.6].

[0027] The main diameter is the portion between the emergence of the rape seedlings and the first bifurcation; the total leaf area is the sum of the areas of all leaves of the rape seedlings; the main diameter is the average diameter of the main diameter; and the main diameter curvature is the average curvature of the main diameter;

[0028] The specific formula for calculating uprightness is:

[0029]

[0030] Wherein, ZA is the uprightness of the rape seedlings, and θ is the angle between the main diameter of the rape seedlings and the ground plane.

[0031] Furthermore, the specific logic for generating the state deviation index is as follows: the state balance coefficient is generated by analyzing the total leaf area, main diameter length, main diameter and transplanting depth of the rape seedlings, a state balance threshold is preset, the state balance difference is calculated according to the state balance threshold and the state balance coefficient, and the state deviation index is generated according to the state balance difference and the uprightness and main diameter curvature; the specific formula for generating the state balance coefficient is as follows;

[0032]

[0033] Among them, ZL is the state balance coefficient, A is the total leaf area of ​​rape seedlings, L is the main diameter length of rape seedlings, D is the main diameter diameter of rape seedlings, and DS is the transplanting depth;

[0034] Preset state balance threshold ZL 1 and ZL 2 , ZL 1 <ZL 2 , the specific formula for calculating the state balance difference is:

[0035]

[0036] Among them, ZM is the state balance difference;

[0037] The specific formula used to generate the state deviation index is:

[0038]

[0039] Among them, ZH is the state deviation index, ZA is the uprightness of rapeseed seedlings, and QU is the main diameter curvature.

[0040] Furthermore, the specific formula for generating the depth assessment index is:

[0041]

[0042] Among them, EP is the depth evaluation index, ZH is the state deviation index, and PY is the depth deviation index;

[0043] Furthermore, a depth evaluation threshold is preset, if EP>EP 0 , then the current transplanting depth is appropriate, if EP≤EP 0 , then the current transplanting depth is not appropriate;

[0044] Among them, EP is the depth evaluation index, EP 0 is the depth evaluation threshold.

[0045] The present invention further provides a method for monitoring the planting depth of rape seedlings in pots, which is used to implement the rape seedlings in pots transplanting planting depth monitoring system, and the specific steps include:

[0046] Step 1: Before transplanting, randomly select N rape seedlings, measure the soil penetration depth of each selected rape seedling, take the average soil penetration depth of the N rape seedlings as the depth before transplanting, and obtain soil nutrient data and soil environment data at the depth before transplanting;

[0047] Step 2: Obtain soil nutrient data and soil environment data at the transplanting depth, conduct a comprehensive analysis of the soil nutrient data at the depth before transplanting and the soil nutrient data at the transplanting depth to generate a nutrient deviation index, conduct a comprehensive analysis of the soil environment data at the depth before transplanting and the soil environment data at the transplanting depth to generate an environment deviation index;

[0048] Step 3: Obtain the depth deviation index according to the nutrient deviation index and the environmental deviation index;

[0049] Step 4: obtaining rapeseed seedling status data after transplanting the rapeseed seedlings to be evaluated, analyzing the rapeseed seedling status data and transplanting depth to generate a status deviation index, wherein the seedling status data includes the total leaf area, main diameter length, main diameter diameter, uprightness and main diameter curvature of the rapeseed seedlings;

[0050] Step 5: Generate a depth assessment index based on the state deviation index and the depth deviation index, preset a depth assessment threshold, and determine whether the transplanting depth is appropriate based on the comparison result between the depth assessment index and the depth balance threshold.

[0051] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0052] Through multiple modules such as pre-transplantation analysis, before-after comparison, environmental analysis, state analysis and depth assessment, a scientific and reasonable transplanting depth assessment system has been constructed. The system collects soil nutrient data and environmental data, calculates the nutrient deviation index, environmental deviation index and depth deviation index, and then calculates the state deviation index based on the growth status of rapeseed seedlings, and finally forms a depth assessment index to judge the rationality of transplanting depth. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0053] Figure 1 Schematic diagram of the overall system structure of the present invention.

[0054] Figure 2 Schematic diagram of the overall method flow of the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0055] In order to make the objectives, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more clearly understood, the present invention is further described in detail below in conjunction with specific embodiments.

[0056] It should be noted that, unless otherwise defined, the technical terms or scientific terms used in the present invention should be understood by people with ordinary skills in the field to which the present invention belongs. The words "first", "second" and similar words used in the present invention do not indicate any order, quantity or importance, but are only used to distinguish different components. "Include" or "comprise" and similar words mean that the elements or objects appearing before the word include the elements or objects listed after the word and their equivalents, without excluding other elements or objects. "Connect" or "connected" and similar words are not limited to physical or mechanical connections, but may include electrical connections, whether direct or indirect. "Up", "down", "left", "right" and the like are only used to indicate relative positional relationships. When the absolute position of the described object changes, the relative positional relationship may also change accordingly.

[0057] Example:

[0058] See also Figure 1 , the present invention provides a technical solution:

[0059] A rape seedling transplanting depth monitoring system, specifically comprising:

[0060] The pre-transplantation analysis module is used to randomly select N rape seedlings before transplanting, measure the soil penetration depth of each selected rape seedling, take the average soil penetration depth of the N rape seedlings as the pre-transplantation depth, and obtain soil nutrient data and soil environment data at the pre-transplantation depth;

[0061] The specific logic for obtaining the depth before transplanting is: mark the highest position where the rape seedlings contact the soil, measure the distance between the lowest position of the rape seedlings' roots and the marked position, and this distance is the depth of soil penetration. The average value of the depth of soil penetration of each rape seedling is used to obtain the depth before transplanting. The specific formula for calculating the depth before transplanting is:

[0062]

[0063] Among them, H 1 is the depth before transplanting, HD i is the soil burial depth of the i-th rapeseed seedling, N is the number of selected rapeseed seedlings, i is the index of the rapeseed seedling, and i∈[1, N];

[0064] The soil nutrient data include the content of nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium, sulfur and calcium;

[0065] Nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium are essential nutrients for the growth of most plants, and rapeseed is no exception. Rapeseed belongs to the cruciferous crop and has a much higher demand for sulfur than most other crops. Sulfur is a key element in the synthesis of glucosinolates, which directly affect the flavor, disease resistance and palatability of rapeseed. In addition, sulfur is also involved in oil synthesis and plays an important role in increasing the oil content of rapeseed. Root development is particularly important for rapeseed's adaptation after transplanting; rapeseed's root development and lodging resistance are highly dependent on calcium.

[0066] The soil environmental data include soil oxygen content, pH, water content and temperature;

[0067] Oxygen in the soil is essential for root respiration. Appropriate oxygen content can promote root respiration, thereby enhancing the plant's ability to absorb water and nutrients. Too low oxygen content may cause root suffocation and rot, affecting the growth and adaptability of rapeseed. Rapeseed affects the growth of rapeseed on soil pH, and the appropriate pH value can ensure the effective absorption of nutrients. Water is an essential element for plant growth. Rapeseed needs appropriate water content after transplanting to promote root development and growth. Too high water content may cause soil hypoxia, while too low water content will cause drought. Soil temperature has a profound impact on plant growth and development. Appropriate soil temperature can promote seed germination, root growth and effective absorption of nutrients. Low temperature may inhibit growth and affect the development of rapeseed; while too high temperature may cause root damage and accelerate water evaporation.

[0068] The soil nutrient data and soil environment data are obtained by sampling the depth before transplanting and sending the collected samples to the laboratory;

[0069] Since rapeseed seedlings have strict requirements on the environment before transplanting, the soil nutrient data and soil environment data of rapeseed seedlings before transplanting are regarded as ideal conditions.

[0070] The before-after comparison module is used to obtain soil nutrient data and soil environmental data at the transplanting depth, conduct a comprehensive analysis of the soil nutrient data at the depth before transplanting and the soil nutrient data at the transplanting depth to generate a nutrient deviation index, and conduct a comprehensive analysis of the soil environmental data at the depth before transplanting and the soil environmental data at the transplanting depth to generate an environmental deviation index;

[0071] The specific formula used to generate the Nutrient Deviation Index is:

[0072]

[0073] Among them, NY is the nutrient deviation index, N(j) is the jth soil nutrient data at the depth before transplanting, and N 1 (j) is the jth soil nutrient data at the transplanting depth, and j is the index of the soil nutrient data;

[0074] The nutrient deviation index combines the deviation of soil nutrient data before and after transplanting to reflect the degree of difference between the soil nutrient content at the transplanting depth and the standard after transplanting. The larger the value, the greater the difference, and the transplanting depth may not be appropriate. The generation of this index can provide an important basis for the evaluation of transplanting depth.

[0075] The specific formula used to generate the environmental deviation index is:

[0076]

[0077] Among them, EY is the environmental deviation index, E(k) is the kth soil environmental data before transplanting, and E 1 (k) is the kth soil environment data at the transplanting depth, and k is the index of the soil environment data.

[0078] The environmental deviation index is combined with the deviation of soil environmental data before and after transplanting, and can reflect the degree of difference between the soil environmental data at the transplanting depth after transplanting and the standard conditions. The larger the value, the greater the degree of difference, and the transplanting depth may not be appropriate. The generation of this index can provide an important basis for the evaluation of transplanting depth.

[0079] Environmental nutrient analysis module, used to obtain the depth deviation index according to the nutrient deviation index and the environmental deviation index;

[0080] The specific formula used to generate the depth deviation index is:

[0081] PY=α*NY+β*EY

[0082] Among them, PY is the depth deviation index, NY is the nutrient deviation index, EY is the environmental deviation index, α and β are weight coefficients, and α+β=1, α<β, α∈[0.4, 0.6].

[0083] The depth deviation index combines the nutrient deviation index and the environmental deviation index, reflecting the difference between the soil environment and soil nutrients at the transplanting depth and the corresponding standards after transplanting; the larger the value, the greater the difference, and the less suitable the transplanting depth is for the adaptation and growth of rapeseed seedlings. During the transplanting process, environmental deviation will directly affect the adaptation of rapeseed seedlings. In comparison, although nutrient deviation is important, it is not as obvious as the immediate impact of the environment in the short term; therefore, α<β is set.

[0084] A state analysis module is used to obtain rapeseed seedling state data after the rapeseed seedlings to be evaluated are transplanted, and analyze the rapeseed seedling state data and transplanting depth to generate a state deviation index, wherein the seedling state data includes the total leaf area, main diameter length, main diameter diameter, uprightness and main diameter curvature of the rapeseed seedlings;

[0085] The main diameter is the part between the emergence of the rapeseed seedlings and the first bifurcation; the total leaf area is the sum of the areas of all leaves of the rapeseed seedlings; the main diameter is the average diameter of the main diameter; the main diameter curvature is the average curvature of the main diameter; the main diameter of the rapeseed seedlings is measured by a bending gauge, specifically: the main diameter is divided into 10 parts of equal length, the curvature is measured by a bending gauge at the center of each part, the diameter is measured by a caliper, and the average of the results of ten measurements is taken, and this average value is the main diameter curvature and the main diameter.

[0086] The specific formula for calculating uprightness is:

[0087]

[0088] Among them, ZA is the uprightness of the rapeseed seedlings, θ is the angle between the main diameter of the rapeseed seedlings and the ground plane;

[0089] The specific logic for generating the state deviation index is as follows: the state balance coefficient is generated by analyzing the total leaf area, main diameter length, main diameter and transplanting depth of the rape seedlings, the state balance threshold is preset, the state balance difference is calculated according to the state balance threshold and the state balance coefficient, and the state deviation index is generated according to the state balance difference, uprightness and main diameter curvature; the specific formula for generating the state balance coefficient is as follows;

[0090]

[0091] Among them, ZL is the state balance coefficient, A is the total leaf area of ​​rape seedlings, L is the main diameter length of rape seedlings, D is the main diameter diameter of rape seedlings, and DS is the transplanting depth;

[0092] Generally speaking, the larger the total leaf area, main diameter length and main diameter of the rape seedlings, the higher the transplanting depth required for the rape seedlings. Therefore, for the rape seedlings that can grow normally during the transplanting period, their state balance coefficient will only fluctuate within a very small range.

[0093] Preset state balance threshold ZL 1 and ZL 2 , ZL 1 <ZL 2 , the specific formula for calculating the state balance difference is:

[0094]

[0095] Among them, ZM is the state balance difference;

[0096] State balance threshold ZL 1 and ZL 2, which is used to measure the fluctuation range of the above-mentioned state balance coefficient. The state balance difference reflects the deviation between the state balance coefficient after transplanting and the normal state. The larger the value, the more difficult it is for the rapeseed seedlings to adapt to the environment and grow normally. 2 When ZL <ZL 1 , which means that if the plant is buried too deep, root rot may occur.

[0097] The specific formula used to generate the state deviation index is:

[0098]

[0099] Among them, ZH is the state deviation index, ZA is the uprightness of rapeseed seedlings, and QU is the main diameter curvature;

[0100] The uprightness of rapeseed seedlings reflects the growth direction and stability of rapeseed seedlings. The higher the uprightness, the healthier the plant grows and the better it can resist wind and other external influences. The curvature of the main stem reflects the shape characteristics of the unearthed part of the plant during its growth. The higher the curvature, the higher the bending degree; the more likely it is to fall over. The state balance difference reflects the deviation between the state balance coefficient after transplanting and the normal state. The larger the value, the more difficult it is for the rapeseed seedlings to adapt to the environment and grow normally. The state deviation index reflects the geometric suitability of the rapeseed seedlings after transplanting. The larger the value, the higher the geometric suitability of the rapeseed seedlings after transplanting, indicating that the shape of the rapeseed seedlings is more suitable for growth and the more appropriate the transplanting depth. The generation of this coefficient can provide an important basis for the depth monitoring of rapeseed seedlings.

[0101] The depth assessment module is used to generate a depth assessment index according to the state deviation index and the depth deviation index, preset a depth assessment threshold, and judge whether the transplanting depth is appropriate according to the comparison result between the depth assessment index and the depth balance threshold.

[0102] The specific formula for generating the depth assessment index is:

[0103]

[0104] Among them, EP is the depth evaluation index, ZH is the state deviation index, and PY is the depth deviation index;

[0105] The state deviation index reflects the geometrical suitability of rapeseed seedlings after transplanting. The larger the value, the higher the geometrical suitability of rapeseed seedlings after transplanting, indicating that the shape of rapeseed seedlings is more suitable for growth and the transplanting depth is more suitable. The depth deviation index combines the nutrient deviation index and the environmental deviation index, reflecting the degree of difference between the soil environment and soil nutrients at the transplanting depth and the corresponding standards after transplanting; the larger the value, the greater the degree of difference, and the less suitable the transplanting depth is for the adaptation and growth of rapeseed seedlings. The depth evaluation index, which comprehensively considers the degree of adaptability of the geometrical morphology, environment and nutrient parameters of rapeseed seedlings at the transplanting depth, can reflect the degree of adaptability of the current depth of rapeseed seedlings to the environment. The larger the value, the higher the degree of adaptability of the current depth of rapeseed seedlings to the environment, and the more suitable the current transplanting depth. The generation of this coefficient can provide an important theoretical basis for the monitoring of rapeseed seedlings.

[0106] Preset depth assessment threshold, if EP>EP 0 , then the current transplanting depth is appropriate, and the rapeseed seedlings can adapt to the environment and grow normally. If EP≤EP 0 , then the current transplanting depth is not appropriate, the rape seedlings cannot adapt to the environment and it is difficult to grow normally in the new environment;

[0107] Among them, EP is the depth evaluation index, EP 0 is the depth evaluation threshold.

[0108] See also Figure 2 The present invention further provides a method for monitoring the planting depth of rape seedlings in pots, which is used to implement the rape seedlings in pots transplanting planting depth monitoring system, and the specific steps include:

[0109] Step 1: Before transplanting, randomly select N rape seedlings, measure the soil penetration depth of each selected rape seedling, take the average soil penetration depth of the N rape seedlings as the depth before transplanting, and obtain soil nutrient data and soil environment data at the depth before transplanting;

[0110] Step 2: Obtain soil nutrient data and soil environment data at the transplanting depth, conduct a comprehensive analysis of the soil nutrient data at the depth before transplanting and the soil nutrient data at the transplanting depth to generate a nutrient deviation index, conduct a comprehensive analysis of the soil environment data at the depth before transplanting and the soil environment data at the transplanting depth to generate an environment deviation index;

[0111] Step 3: Obtain the depth deviation index according to the nutrient deviation index and the environmental deviation index;

[0112] Step 4: obtaining rapeseed seedling status data after transplanting the rapeseed seedlings to be evaluated, analyzing the rapeseed seedling status data and transplanting depth to generate a status deviation index, wherein the seedling status data includes the total leaf area, main diameter length, main diameter diameter, uprightness and main diameter curvature of the rapeseed seedlings;

[0113] Step 5: Generate a depth assessment index based on the state deviation index and the depth deviation index, preset a depth assessment threshold, and judge whether the transplanting depth is appropriate based on the comparison result between the depth assessment index and the depth balance threshold. The above formulas are all dimensionless and numerical calculations. The formula is a formula obtained by collecting a large amount of data and performing software simulation to obtain the most recent real situation. The preset parameters in the formula are set by technicians in this field according to actual conditions.

[0114] The above embodiments may be implemented in whole or in part by software, hardware, firmware or any other combination thereof. When implemented by software, the above embodiments may be implemented in whole or in part in the form of a computer program product. Those skilled in the art may appreciate that the units and algorithm steps of each example described in conjunction with the embodiments disclosed herein may be implemented by electronic hardware, or a combination of computer software and electronic hardware. Whether these functions are performed by hardware or software methods depends on the specific application and design constraints of the technical solution.

[0115] The units described as separate components may or may not be physically separated, and the components shown as units may or may not be physical units, and may be located in one place or distributed on multiple network units. Some or all of the units may be selected according to actual needs to achieve the purpose of the solution of this embodiment.

[0116] The above is only a specific implementation method of the present application, but the protection scope of the present application is not limited thereto. Any technical personnel familiar with the technical field can easily think of changes or substitutions within the technical scope disclosed in the present application, which should be covered by the protection scope of the present application.

Claims

1. A rape seedling transplanting depth monitoring system, characterized in that: Specifically, it includes: A pre-transplant analysis module, which is used to randomly select N rapeseed pot seedlings before transplanting, measure the soil penetration depth of each selected rapeseed pot seedling, take the average value of the soil penetration depths of the N rapeseed pot seedlings as the pre-transplant depth, and obtain the soil nutrient data and soil environment data at the pre-transplant depth; A before-and-after comparison module, which is used to obtain the soil nutrient data and soil environment data at the transplant depth, comprehensively analyze the soil nutrient data at the pre-transplant depth and the soil nutrient data at the transplant depth to generate a nutrient deviation index, and comprehensively analyze the soil environment data at the pre-transplant depth and the soil environment data at the transplant depth to generate an environment deviation index; An environment-nutrient analysis module, which is used to obtain a depth deviation index based on the nutrient deviation index and the environment deviation index; A status analysis module, which is used to obtain the rapeseed pot seedling status data after the rapeseed pot seedlings to be evaluated are transplanted, and analyze the rapeseed pot seedling status data and the transplant depth to generate a status deviation index. The pot seedling status data includes the total leaf area, main stem length, main stem diameter, uprightness, and main stem curvature of the rapeseed pot seedlings; A depth evaluation module, which is used to generate a depth evaluation index based on the status deviation index and the depth deviation index, preset a depth evaluation threshold, and judge whether the transplant depth is appropriate according to the comparison result between the depth evaluation index and the depth balance threshold; The specific formula for generating the nutrient deviation index is: Where NY is the nutrient deviation index, N(j) is the j-th type of soil nutrient data at the pre-transplant depth, N1(j) is the j-th type of soil nutrient data at the transplant depth after transplantation, and j is the index of the soil nutrient data; The specific formula for generating the environment deviation index is: Where EY is the environment deviation index, E(k) is the k-th type of soil environment data at the pre-transplant depth, E1(k) is the k-th type of soil environment data at the transplant depth, and k is the index of the soil environment data; The specific formula for generating the depth deviation index is: PY = α * NY + β * EY Where PY is the depth deviation index, NY is the nutrient deviation index, EY is the environment deviation index, α and β are weight coefficients, and a + β = 1, α < β, α ∈ [0.4, 0.6]; The specific logic for generating the status deviation index is: analyze the total leaf area, main stem length, main stem diameter of the rapeseed pot seedlings and the transplant depth to generate a status balance coefficient, preset a status balance threshold, calculate the status balance difference according to the status balance threshold and the status balance coefficient, and generate a status deviation index according to the status balance difference, uprightness, and main stem curvature; the specific formula for generating the status balance coefficient is; Where ZL is the status balance coefficient, A is the total leaf area of the rapeseed pot seedlings, L is the main stem length of the rapeseed pot seedlings, D is the main stem diameter of the rapeseed pot seedlings, and DS is the transplant depth; Preset status balance thresholds ZL1 and ZL2, ZL1 < ZL2, and the specific formula for calculating the status balance difference is: Where ZM is the status balance difference; The specific formula for generating the status deviation index is: Where ZH is the status deviation index, ZA is the uprightness of the rapeseed pot seedlings, and QU is the main stem curvature; The specific formula for generating the depth evaluation index is: Among them, EP is the depth evaluation index, ZH is the state deviation index, and PY is the depth deviation index.

2. A rape seedling transplanting depth monitoring system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The specific logic for obtaining the depth before transplanting is: mark the highest position where the rape seedlings contact the soil, measure the distance between the lowest position of the rape seedlings' roots and the marked position, and this distance is the depth of soil penetration. The average value of the depth of soil penetration of each rape seedling is used to obtain the depth before transplanting. The specific formula for calculating the depth before transplanting is: Among them, H1 is the depth before transplanting, HD i is the soil burial depth of the i-th rapeseed seedling, N is the number of selected rapeseed seedlings, i is the index of the rapeseed seedling, and i∈[1, N]; The soil nutrient data include the content of nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium, sulfur and calcium, and the soil environment data include the oxygen content, pH, water content and temperature of the soil; The soil nutrient data and soil environment data are obtained by sampling the depth before transplanting and sending the collected samples to the laboratory.

3. The rape seedling transplanting depth monitoring system according to claim 1 is characterized by: The main diameter is the portion between the emergence of the rape seedlings and the first bifurcation; the total leaf area is the sum of the areas of all leaves of the rape seedlings; the main diameter is the average diameter of the main diameter; and the main diameter curvature is the average curvature of the main diameter; The specific formula for calculating uprightness is: Wherein, ZA is the uprightness of the rape seedlings, and θ is the angle between the main diameter of the rape seedlings and the ground plane.

4. The rape seedling transplanting depth monitoring system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The depth assessment threshold is preset. If EP>EP0, the current transplanting depth is appropriate. If EP≤EP0, the current transplanting depth is inappropriate. EP is the depth evaluation index, and EP0 is the depth evaluation threshold.

5. A method for monitoring the planting depth of rapeseed seedlings in pots, characterized in that: The method is used to implement the rape seedling transplanting depth monitoring system according to any one of claims 1 to 4, and the specific steps include: Step 1: Before transplanting, randomly select N rape seedlings, measure the soil penetration depth of each selected rape seedling, take the average soil penetration depth of the N rape seedlings as the depth before transplanting, and obtain soil nutrient data and soil environment data at the depth before transplanting; Step 2: Obtain soil nutrient data and soil environment data at the transplanting depth, conduct a comprehensive analysis of the soil nutrient data at the depth before transplanting and the soil nutrient data at the transplanting depth to generate a nutrient deviation index, conduct a comprehensive analysis of the soil environment data at the depth before transplanting and the soil environment data at the transplanting depth to generate an environment deviation index; Step 3: Obtain the depth deviation index according to the nutrient deviation index and the environmental deviation index; Step 4: obtaining rapeseed seedling status data after transplanting the rapeseed seedlings to be evaluated, analyzing the rapeseed seedling status data and transplanting depth to generate a status deviation index, wherein the seedling status data includes the total leaf area, main diameter length, main diameter diameter, uprightness and main diameter curvature of the rapeseed seedlings; Step 5: Generate a depth assessment index based on the state deviation index and the depth deviation index, preset a depth assessment threshold, and determine whether the transplanting depth is appropriate based on the comparison result between the depth assessment index and the depth balance threshold.

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