Novel aluminum air battery device and aluminum negative electrode preparation method thereof

Abstract

The invention discloses a novel aluminum air battery device and an aluminum negative electrode preparation method thereof, and relates to the field of air batteries, the device comprises a battery main body and an electrolyte circulating unit; the battery main body comprises an aluminum negative electrode, a first air positive electrode and a second air positive electrode; the aluminum negative electrode is arranged between the first air positive electrode and the second air positive electrode; the electrolyte circulating unit is connected with the battery main body; and the electrolyte circulating unit comprises a filtering module, an electrolyte accelerating module and an electrolyte storage module. By arranging the first air positive electrode and the second air positive electrode, two surfaces of the aluminum negative electrode can chemically react with the electrolyte, the utilization rate of the aluminum negative electrode can be improved, and by arranging the electrolyte circulating unit, the electrolyte subjected to chemical reaction is circularly filtered, so that insoluble products in the working process of the battery can be effectively filtered, and the service life of the battery is prolonged. The problems of discharge termination and the like caused by the fact that reaction products are attached to the surfaces of the electrodes or block the battery are avoided.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present application relates to the field of air batteries, and in particular to a novel aluminum-air battery device and a method for preparing an aluminum negative electrode thereof. Background Art

[0002] As a new energy device, batteries are widely used in various fields such as electronics, aerospace, and automobiles. Although aluminum-air batteries have high theoretical performance, the passivation and self-corrosion of the aluminum negative electrode result in low utilization of the aluminum negative electrode, which limits the discharge performance and battery life of aluminum-air batteries. Summary of the invention

[0003] The purpose of this application is to provide a new aluminum-air battery device and an aluminum negative electrode preparation method thereof, which can improve the utilization rate of the aluminum negative electrode, solve the problem of discharge cessation caused by surface attachments of the aluminum negative electrode, and improve battery life.

[0004] To achieve the above objectives, this application provides the following solutions:

[0005] A novel aluminum-air battery device, characterized in that the novel aluminum-air battery device comprises: a battery body and an electrolyte circulation unit;

[0006] The battery body comprises: an aluminum negative electrode and an air positive electrode; the air positive electrode comprises a first air positive electrode and a second air positive electrode; the aluminum negative electrode is arranged between the first air positive electrode and the second air positive electrode; the first air positive electrode and the aluminum negative electrode form a first cavity, and the second air positive electrode and the aluminum negative electrode form a second cavity; the first cavity and the second cavity are both filled with electrolyte; the first air positive electrode, the second air positive electrode and the aluminum negative electrode are used to chemically react with the electrolyte to generate current;

[0007] The electrolyte circulation unit is connected to the battery body; the electrolyte circulation unit includes: a filtering module, an electrolyte acceleration module and an electrolyte storage module;

[0008] The filtering module is connected to the battery body and the electrolyte acceleration module respectively; the electrolyte storage module is connected to the battery body and the electrolyte acceleration module respectively; the filtering module is used to filter the electrolyte; the electrolyte acceleration module is used to pump the filtered electrolyte into the electrolyte storage module; the electrolyte storage module is used to store the electrolyte.

[0009] Optionally, the first cavity and the second cavity are both provided with a liquid inlet and a liquid outlet;

[0010] The filter module is connected to the liquid outlet; the electrolyte storage module is connected to the liquid inlet.

[0011] Optionally, the aluminum negative electrode has a thickness of 1-5 mm.

[0012] Optionally, the first air positive electrode is made of metal nickel mesh, polytetrafluoroethylene film and MnO2 catalyst; the thickness of the first air positive electrode is 1-2 mm.

[0013] Optionally, the second air positive electrode is made of metal nickel mesh, polytetrafluoroethylene film and MnO2 catalyst; the thickness of the second air positive electrode is 1-2 mm.

[0014] Optionally, the filter module is a capsule filter.

[0015] Optionally, the electrolyte acceleration module is one or more of a micro pump, a DC pump or a peristaltic pump.

[0016] Optionally, the electrolyte storage module is a polyethylene container.

[0017] Optionally, the electrolyte is a neutral NaCl solution or an alkaline NaOH solution.

[0018] A method for preparing an aluminum negative electrode, comprising:

[0019] Use glass beads that meet the set size as the sand blasting sand mold;

[0020] Set the blasting pressure, blasting distance and blasting time;

[0021] After the nozzle of the sandblasting device is set at an angle to the conductive metal body, the sandblasting sand mold, sandblasting pressure, sandblasting distance and sandblasting time are used to complete the sandblasting of the conductive metal body to obtain the aluminum negative electrode in the new aluminum-air battery device as described in any one of claims 1-9.

[0022] According to the specific embodiments provided in this application, this application has the following technical effects:

[0023] The present application provides a novel aluminum-air battery device, wherein the battery body includes an aluminum negative electrode, a first air positive electrode, and a second air positive electrode, wherein the aluminum negative electrode is disposed between the first air positive electrode and the second air positive electrode, and by disposing two air positive electrodes, both sides of the aluminum negative electrode can react chemically with the electrolyte, thereby improving the utilization rate of the aluminum negative electrode. The battery body, the filter module, the electrolyte acceleration module, and the electrolyte storage module are connected in sequence, and the electrolyte storage module is connected to the battery body, so that the aluminum-air battery device in the present application can circulate the electrolyte in the battery body, and can effectively filter the insoluble products during the battery operation process, avoiding the problems such as discharge termination caused by the reaction products adhering to the electrode surface or clogging the battery, and also facilitating the recycling of the reaction products. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0024] In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present application or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings required for use in the embodiments will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present application. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without paying creative work.

[0025] Figure 1 This is a structural diagram of a new aluminum-air battery device in one embodiment of the present application.

[0026] Figure numerals: 1-aluminum negative electrode, 21-first air positive electrode, 22-second air positive electrode, 3-first cavity, 4-second cavity, 5-shell, 6-filter module, 7-electrolyte acceleration module, 8-electrolyte storage module, 9-conduit. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0027] The following will be combined with the drawings in the embodiments of the present application to clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present application, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments in the present application, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of this application.

[0028] The purpose of this application is to provide a new aluminum-air battery device that can improve the utilization rate of the aluminum negative electrode and effectively filter out the insoluble products during the operation of the battery, avoiding problems such as discharge termination caused by the reaction products adhering to the electrode surface or clogging the battery, and also helps to recycle the reaction products.

[0029] In order to make the above-mentioned objects, features and advantages of the present application more obvious and easy to understand, the present application is further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific implementation methods.

[0030] In an exemplary embodiment of the present application, Figure 1 As shown, the novel aluminum-air battery device of the present application includes: a battery body and an electrolyte circulation unit. The battery body and the electrolyte circulation unit are connected via a conduit 9.

[0031] The battery body includes an aluminum negative electrode 1, a first air positive electrode 21, a second air positive electrode 22, an electrolyte and a shell 5. The aluminum negative electrode 1 is arranged between the first air positive electrode 21 and the second air positive electrode 22, the first air positive electrode 21 and the aluminum negative electrode 1 form a first cavity 3, the second air positive electrode 22 and the aluminum negative electrode 1 form a second cavity 4, and the first cavity 3 and the second cavity 4 are both filled with electrolyte. The aluminum negative electrode 1, the first air positive electrode 21 and the second air positive electrode 22 are all arranged in the shell 5.

[0032] The electrolyte circulation unit includes a filter module 6, an electrolyte acceleration module 7 and an electrolyte storage module 8. The filter module 6 is connected to the battery body and the electrolyte acceleration module 7 respectively through a conduit 9, and the electrolyte storage module 8 is connected to the battery body and the electrolyte acceleration module 7 respectively through a conduit 9. The filter module 6 is used to filter the electrolyte, the electrolyte acceleration module 7 is used to pump the filtered electrolyte into the electrolyte storage module 8, and the electrolyte storage module 8 is used to store the electrolyte.

[0033] Furthermore, a liquid inlet and a liquid outlet are provided on the first cavity 3 and the second cavity 4. The filter module 6 is connected to the liquid outlet through a conduit 9, and the electrolyte storage module 8 is connected to the liquid inlet through a conduit 9.

[0034] In the present application, a first air positive electrode 21 and a second air positive electrode 22 are provided, and the aluminum negative electrode 1 is provided between the first air positive electrode 21 and the second air positive electrode 22, so that both sides of the aluminum negative electrode can chemically react with the electrolyte, thereby improving the utilization rate of the aluminum negative electrode 1.

[0035] The present application sets up an electrolyte circulation unit to circulate and filter the electrolyte performing the discharge reaction in the battery body, thereby effectively filtering out the insoluble products during the battery operation process, avoiding problems such as discharge termination caused by the reaction products adhering to the electrode surface or clogging the battery. At the same time, the filtration module 6 in the electrolyte circulation unit helps to recycle the reaction products during the battery operation process.

[0036] As an optional implementation, in order to improve the battery discharge performance, the first air cathode 21 in the present application is made of metal nickel mesh, polytetrafluoroethylene film and MnO2 catalyst. The thickness of the air cathode is 1-2 mm.

[0037] As an optional embodiment, in order to improve the battery discharge performance, the preparation material of the second air positive electrode 22 in the present application is a metal nickel mesh, a polytetrafluoroethylene film and a MnO2 catalyst. The thickness of the air positive electrode is 1-2 mm.

[0038] As an optional embodiment, in order to improve the filtering effect of the electrolyte, the filter module 6 can be a capsule filter. The material of the capsule filter is polypropylene, and the filtering accuracy is 0.1 μm pore size. The function of the filter module 6 is to filter the electrolyte, filter the insoluble reaction products in the electrolyte after the reaction, and make the clarified electrolyte after filtration flow to the electrolyte acceleration module 7 through the conduit 9.

[0039] As an optional embodiment, the electrolyte acceleration module 7 provides power for the circulation of the electrolyte. The electrolyte acceleration module 7 can be one or more of a micro pump, a DC pump or a peristaltic pump. The function of the electrolyte acceleration module 7 is to pump the filtered electrolyte into the electrolyte storage module 8.

[0040] As an optional embodiment, in order to better store the clarified electrolyte, the electrolyte storage module 8 can be a polyethylene container. The electrolyte storage module 8 is used to store the electrolyte and inject the electrolyte into the first cavity 3 and the second cavity 4 in the battery body through the liquid inlet when the electrolyte circulation unit performs circulation filtration.

[0041] As an optional implementation, the electrolyte is a neutral NaCl solution or an alkaline NaOH solution.

[0042] In another embodiment of the present application, a method for preparing an aluminum negative electrode in a novel aluminum-air battery device includes: using glass beads of a set size as a sandblasting sand mold; setting the sandblasting pressure, sandblasting distance, and sandblasting time. After the nozzle of the sandblasting device is set at an angle to the conductive metal body, the set sandblasting sand mold, sandblasting pressure, sandblasting distance, and sandblasting time are used to complete the sandblasting of the conductive metal body to obtain the aluminum negative electrode.

[0043] As an optional embodiment, in order to enhance the effect of sandblasting, 60-100 mesh glass beads are used as sandblasting sand type, preferably 60 mesh; the sandblasting pressure is 0.3-0.5MPa, preferably 0.4MPa; the sandblasting distance is 10-15cm, preferably 10cm; the sandblasting time is set to 30s-90s, preferably 60s. After the nozzle of the sandblasting device is 45° with the conductive metal body, the sandblasting sand type, sandblasting pressure, sandblasting distance and sandblasting time are used to complete the sandblasting of the conductive metal body to obtain an aluminum negative electrode.

[0044] Sandblasting can increase the roughness of the conductive metal body, thereby increasing the reaction area of ​​the aluminum negative electrode, increasing the utilization rate of the aluminum negative electrode, and improving the battery discharge performance.

[0045] By implementing the above-mentioned embodiment, during the discharge process of the novel aluminum-air battery device of the present application, both sides of the aluminum negative electrode can react chemically with the electrolyte, and the aluminum negative electrode is roughened to a certain extent after sandblasting, so the active surface area of ​​the aluminum participating in the reaction is increased, thereby improving the utilization rate of the aluminum negative electrode; at the same time, sandblasting the conductive metal body can remove the passivation film on its surface, thereby increasing the activity of the aluminum negative electrode; in addition, the setting of the double air positive electrode increases the active reaction area of ​​the positive electrode, thereby improving the discharge performance of the battery.

[0046] Aluminum-air batteries produce a variety of insoluble substances during the discharge process. These insoluble products will adhere to the electrode surface, hindering the contact between the electrode and the electrolyte, and even causing the battery discharge to terminate in severe cases. The new aluminum-air battery device provided in this application is provided with an electrolyte circulation unit. The insoluble reaction products in the battery enter the filter module 6 through the conduit 9 with the electrolyte and are filtered. The clarified electrolyte flows into the electrolyte storage module 8 through the electrolyte acceleration module 7. The electrolyte in the electrolyte storage module 8 flows back into the battery through the conduit 9. The insoluble products in the battery operation process are effectively filtered to avoid problems such as discharge termination caused by the reaction products adhering to the electrode surface or clogging the battery, and it also helps to recycle the reaction products in the battery operation process.

[0047] The technical features of the above embodiments may be combined arbitrarily. To make the description concise, not all possible combinations of the technical features in the above embodiments are described. However, as long as there is no contradiction in the combination of these technical features, they should be considered to be within the scope of this specification.

[0048] This article uses specific examples to illustrate the principles and implementation methods of this application. The description of the above embodiments is only used to help understand the method and core ideas of this application. At the same time, for those skilled in the art, according to the ideas of this application, there will be changes in the specific implementation methods and application scope. In summary, the content of this specification should not be understood as limiting this application.

Claims

1. A novel aluminum-air battery device, characterized in that: The novel aluminum-air battery device comprises: a battery body and an electrolyte circulation unit; The battery body comprises: an aluminum negative electrode and an air positive electrode; the air positive electrode comprises a first air positive electrode and a second air positive electrode; the aluminum negative electrode is arranged between the first air positive electrode and the second air positive electrode; the first air positive electrode and the aluminum negative electrode form a first cavity, and the second air positive electrode and the aluminum negative electrode form a second cavity; the first cavity and the second cavity are both filled with electrolyte; the first air positive electrode, the second air positive electrode and the aluminum negative electrode are used to chemically react with the electrolyte to generate current; The electrolyte circulation unit is connected to the battery body; the electrolyte circulation unit includes: a filtering module, an electrolyte acceleration module and an electrolyte storage module; The filtering module is connected to the battery body and the electrolyte acceleration module respectively; the electrolyte storage module is connected to the battery body and the electrolyte acceleration module respectively; the filtering module is used to filter the electrolyte; the electrolyte acceleration module is used to pump the filtered electrolyte into the electrolyte storage module; the electrolyte storage module is used to store the electrolyte.

2. The novel aluminum-air battery device according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The first cavity and the second cavity are both provided with a liquid inlet and a liquid outlet; The filter module is connected to the liquid outlet; the electrolyte storage module is connected to the liquid inlet.

3. The novel aluminum-air battery device according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The thickness of the aluminum negative electrode is 1-5 mm.

4. The novel aluminum-air battery device according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The preparation materials of the first air positive electrode are metal nickel mesh, polytetrafluoroethylene film and MnO2 catalyst; the thickness of the first air positive electrode is 1-2mm.

5. The novel aluminum-air battery device according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The preparation materials of the second air positive electrode are metal nickel mesh, polytetrafluoroethylene film and MnO2 catalyst; the thickness of the second air positive electrode is 1-2mm.

6. The novel aluminum-air battery device according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The filter module is a capsule filter.

7. The novel aluminum-air battery device according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The electrolyte acceleration module is one or more of a micro pump, a DC pump or a peristaltic pump.

8. The novel aluminum-air battery device according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The electrolyte storage module is a polyethylene container.

9. The novel aluminum-air battery device according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The electrolyte is a neutral NaCl solution or an alkaline NaOH solution.

10. A method for preparing an aluminum negative electrode, characterized in that: The aluminum negative electrode preparation method comprises: Use glass beads that meet the set size as the sand blasting sand mold; Set the blasting pressure, blasting distance and blasting time; After the nozzle of the sandblasting device is set at an angle to the conductive metal body, the sandblasting sand mold, sandblasting pressure, sandblasting distance and sandblasting time are used to complete the sandblasting of the conductive metal body to obtain the aluminum negative electrode in the new aluminum-air battery device as described in any one of claims 1-9.

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