Gravity energy storage system and method

Abstract

The invention provides a gravity energy storage system and method, and the system comprises a master control system, a transportation subsystem, a power generation subsystem and a storage subsystem, and the master control system is in signal connection with the transportation subsystem, the power generation subsystem and the storage subsystem, and is used for controlling the operation of the transportation subsystem, the power generation subsystem and the storage subsystem. Electric energy transmission is carried out on the power grid; the transportation subsystem comprises a cableway, a track and a material transfer trolley, and the cableway is connected with the bottom of the material transfer trolley, so that the material transfer trolley moves along the track under the traction of the cableway; the power generation subsystem is used for controlling the running speed of the material transfer trolley so as to perform conversion between electric energy and gravitational potential energy and kinetic energy recovery; and the warehousing subsystem is used for loading and unloading heavy blocks through an object taking mechanical claw and storing and taking the heavy blocks through a conveying belt and a stacking piece when the material transfer trolley reaches a warehousing stacking area. According to the invention, the power supply power stability of the power grid is enhanced.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present application relates to the field of energy storage technology, and in particular, to a gravity energy storage system and method. Background Art

[0002] At present, the total reserves of non-renewable energy such as oil, coal, and natural gas are decreasing, and their use will cause many environmental problems, so finding new renewable clean energy to replace such fossil energy has become a hot topic. As a result, the proportion of wind, light and other new energy sources with volatility and unevenness continues to increase, and with it comes major challenges in the stability and reliability of power system operation. Therefore, the uncertainty and difficulty in controlling the power generation brought about by the high proportion of new energy access have caused the phenomenon of wind and light abandonment in some areas.

[0003] At present, there are a lot of high-altitude terrains in the western region of my country where wind and solar power generation is most widely distributed. The slope-type gravity energy storage system using the hillside has a natural advantage. However, the main problems faced by the existing gravity energy storage technology include poor reliability due to excessive force on the transmission parts, poor safety due to poor wind resistance, insufficient power stability due to environmental and loading errors, lack of power recovery system and lack of power compensation system. These problems have jointly restricted the further development and widespread application of gravity energy storage technology. Summary of the invention

[0004] In view of this, the purpose of the present application is to provide a gravity energy storage system and method to overcome at least one of the above-mentioned defects.

[0005] In a first aspect, an embodiment of the present application provides a gravity energy storage system, the system comprising: a general control system, a transportation subsystem, a power generation subsystem and a storage subsystem, wherein the general control system is signal-connected to the transportation subsystem, the power generation subsystem and the storage subsystem, respectively, to control the operation of the transportation subsystem, the power generation subsystem and the storage subsystem to transmit electric energy to the power grid; the transportation subsystem comprises a cableway, a track and a material transfer trolley, the track is a round-trip track arranged between a high-altitude warehouse and a low-altitude warehouse, and the cableway is arranged At the groove position of the track, the cableway is connected to the bottom of the material transfer cart, so that the material transfer cart moves along the track under the traction of the cableway; the power generation subsystem is used to control the running speed of the material transfer cart to convert electrical energy and gravitational potential energy and recover kinetic energy; the storage subsystem includes a stacking bin, stacking pieces, a conveyor belt and a picking mechanical claw, which is used to load and unload heavy blocks through the picking mechanical claw when the material transfer cart arrives at the storage stacking area, and to store and retrieve the heavy blocks through the conveyor belt and the stacking pieces. In an optional embodiment of the present application, the track includes an ascending track segment, a descending track segment, a high-altitude track segment and a low-altitude track segment, the ascending track segment, the high-altitude track segment, the descending track segment and the low-altitude track segment constitute a closed track, the ascending track segment and the descending track segment are arranged in parallel, and the high-altitude track segment and the low-altitude track segment are both arranged in a semi-circular shape.

[0006] In an optional embodiment of the present application, the cableway includes an ascending cableway section, a descending cableway section, a high-altitude cableway section and a low-altitude cableway section, the ascending cableway section is arranged at a groove position in the ascending track section, the descending cableway section is arranged at a groove position in the descending track section, the high-altitude cableway section is arranged at a first preset groove position, and the low-altitude cableway section is arranged at a second preset groove position.

[0007] In an optional embodiment of the present application, the space where the gravity energy storage system is located includes a transfer area, a buffer area and a storage and stacking area. An upward track segment, a downward track segment, an upward cableway segment and a downward cableway segment are arranged in the transfer area. The buffer area includes a high-altitude buffer zone and a low-altitude buffer zone. A high-altitude track segment and a high-altitude cableway segment are arranged in the high-altitude buffer zone. A low-altitude track segment and a low-altitude cableway segment are arranged in the low-altitude buffer zone.

[0008] In an optional embodiment of the present application, the transport subsystem also includes a cable gripper and a plurality of cable gripper baffles, wherein the cable gripper is arranged at the bottom of the material transfer trolley to control the connection and separation of the material transfer trolley with the cableway; the plurality of cable gripper baffles are respectively arranged at a first preset position corresponding to the high-altitude track segment in the high-altitude buffer zone and a second preset position corresponding to the low-altitude track segment in the low-altitude buffer zone, the first preset position being the junction of the ascending track segment and the high-altitude track segment, and the second preset position being the junction of the descending track segment and the low-altitude track segment, and the plurality of cable gripper baffles are used to interact with the cable gripper to separate and reconnect the cable gripper from the cableway.

[0009] In an optional embodiment of the present application, the power generation subsystem includes a transfer area energy conversion subsystem, a buffer area kinetic energy recovery energy management subsystem and a power compensation subsystem, wherein the transfer area energy conversion subsystem is used to control the conversion between electrical energy and gravitational potential energy when the material transfer vehicle is running on the track in the transfer area; the buffer area kinetic energy recovery energy management subsystem is used to control the material transfer vehicle to decelerate during the movement in the buffer area until the material transfer vehicle stops, and to control the material transfer vehicle to obtain kinetic energy after loading and unloading to reach the operating speed for movement; the power compensation subsystem is used to perform power compensation according to the power difference when the vehicle operating condition is switched to achieve the rated power of the target condition.

[0010] In an optional embodiment of the present application, the transfer area energy conversion subsystem includes a reversible motor, a gearbox, a power shaft and a transmission wheel, wherein the reversible motor is used to reversibly convert between electrical energy and mechanical energy when the material transfer cart is running in the transfer area; the gearbox is used to increase the output speed of the motor through the speed increase ratio to drive the material transfer cart to the high-altitude warehouse, and to increase the output torque of the motor through the speed reduction ratio so that the material transfer cart is driven by the gravitational potential energy of the weight block to run to the low-altitude warehouse; the power shaft is used to transmit the torque output by the reversible motor to the transmission wheel; the transmission wheel is connected to the track to pull the material transfer cart to move on the track.

[0011] In an optional embodiment of the present application, the transfer area energy conversion subsystem is configured as follows: when receiving a charging signal from the overall control system, the reversible motor is used as a motor to drive the material transfer cart loaded with heavy blocks to run to the high-altitude warehouse through a gear box, a power shaft and a transmission wheel; when receiving a discharge signal from the overall control system, the reversible motor is used as a generator to utilize the gravitational potential energy of the heavy blocks to drive the material transfer cart loaded with heavy blocks to run to the low-altitude warehouse.

[0012] In an optional embodiment of the present application, the general control system is configured to: determine whether the power threshold of the power grid is greater than a preset power threshold; if the power threshold of the power grid is greater than the preset power threshold, send a charging signal to the transfer area energy conversion subsystem to control the material transfer vehicle to load heavy blocks and run to the high-altitude warehouse, and run empty to the low-altitude warehouse, and convert the electric energy corresponding to the power difference between the power threshold of the power grid and the preset power threshold into gravitational potential energy; if the power threshold of the power grid is not greater than the preset power threshold, send a discharge signal to the transfer area energy conversion subsystem to control the material transfer vehicle to run empty to the high-altitude warehouse, and run to the low-altitude warehouse with heavy blocks, and convert the gravitational potential energy into electrical energy.

[0013] In the second aspect, an embodiment of the present application also provides a gravity energy storage method, which is applied to a gravity energy storage system, wherein the gravity energy storage system includes a general control system, a transportation subsystem, a power generation subsystem and a warehousing subsystem, wherein the general control system is signal-connected to the transportation subsystem, the power generation subsystem and the warehousing subsystem, respectively, to control the operation of the transportation subsystem, the power generation subsystem and the warehousing subsystem to transmit electric energy to the power grid; the transportation subsystem includes a cableway, a track and a material transfer cart, and the track is a round-trip track arranged between a high-altitude warehouse and a low-altitude warehouse. The cableway is arranged at the groove position of the track, and the cableway is connected to the bottom of the material transfer trolley, so that the material transfer trolley moves along the track under the traction of the cableway; the power generation subsystem is used to control the running speed of the material transfer trolley to convert electrical energy into gravitational potential energy and recover kinetic energy; the storage subsystem includes a stacking bin, stacking pieces, a conveyor belt and a picking mechanical claw, which is used to load and unload heavy blocks through the picking mechanical claw when the material transfer trolley arrives at the storage stacking area, and to store and retrieve the heavy blocks through the conveyor belt and the stacking pieces. The gravity energy storage system and method provided in the embodiment of the present application include a general control system, a transportation subsystem, a power generation subsystem and a storage subsystem, wherein the general control system is respectively connected to the transportation subsystem, the power generation subsystem and the storage subsystem by signal, so as to control the operation of the transportation subsystem, the power generation subsystem and the storage subsystem to transmit electric energy to the power grid; the transportation subsystem includes a cableway, a track and a material transfer trolley, the track is a round-trip track set between a high-altitude warehouse and a low-altitude warehouse, the cableway is set at a groove position of the track, and the cableway and the material transfer trolley are connected. The bottom of the material transfer trolley is connected so that the material transfer trolley moves along the track under the traction of the cableway; the power generation subsystem is used to control the running speed of the material transfer trolley to convert electrical energy into gravitational potential energy and recover kinetic energy; the storage subsystem includes a stacking bin, stacking pieces, a conveyor belt and a picking mechanical claw, which are used to load and unload heavy blocks through the picking mechanical claw when the material transfer trolley arrives at the storage stacking area, and to store and retrieve heavy blocks through the conveyor belt and the stacking pieces. Through this application, the stability of the power grid is enhanced and the energy utilization efficiency is improved.

[0014] In order to make the above-mentioned objects, features and advantages of the present application more obvious and easy to understand, preferred embodiments are specifically cited below and described in detail with reference to the attached drawings. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0015] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present application, the drawings required for use in the embodiments will be briefly introduced below. It should be understood that the following drawings only show certain embodiments of the present application and therefore should not be regarded as limiting the scope. For ordinary technicians in this field, other related drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without paying creative work.

[0016] Figure 1 A schematic diagram of the structure of a gravity energy storage system provided in an embodiment of the present application; Figure 2 A partial top view of the gravity energy storage system provided in an embodiment of the present application; Figure 3 A schematic diagram of the structure of a cable gripper and a cable gripper baffle in a gravity energy storage system provided in an embodiment of the present application; Figure 4 This is one of the structural schematic diagrams of the material transfer trolley and the cable gripper provided in the embodiment of the present application; Figure 5 The second structural schematic diagram of the material transfer trolley and the cable gripper provided in the embodiment of the present application; Figure 6 A schematic diagram of the structure of the storage and stacking area provided in the embodiment of the present application; Figure 7 This is a flow chart of the gravity energy storage method provided in an embodiment of the present application. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0017] To make the purpose, technical scheme and advantages of the embodiments of the present application clearer, the technical scheme in the embodiments of the present application will be clearly and completely described below in conjunction with the drawings in the embodiments of the present application. Obviously, the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present application, rather than all of the embodiments. The components of the embodiments of the present application usually described and shown in the drawings here can be arranged and designed in various different configurations. Therefore, the following detailed description of the embodiments of the present application provided in the drawings is not intended to limit the scope of the application claimed for protection, but merely represents the selected embodiments of the present application. Based on the embodiments of the present application, each other embodiment obtained by those skilled in the art without making creative work belongs to the scope of protection of the present application.

[0018] First, the application scenarios to which the present application is applicable are introduced. The present application can be applied in the field of energy storage technology.

[0019] Research has found that in my country's western region, where wind and solar power generation is most widely distributed, there are a large number of terrains with high terrain differences. The slope gravity energy storage system that utilizes the hillside has a natural advantage. However, the main problems faced by existing gravity energy storage technology include poor reliability due to excessive force on transmission parts, poor safety due to poor wind resistance, insufficient power stability affected by environmental and loading errors, lack of power recovery system and lack of power compensation system. Therefore, the uncertainty and difficulty in controlling the power generation brought about by the access of these high proportions of new energy has led to the phenomenon of wind and solar power abandonment in some local areas.

[0020] Based on this, the embodiment of the present application provides a gravity energy storage system and method, wherein the overall control system is respectively connected to the transportation subsystem, the power generation subsystem and the storage subsystem by signal, so as to control the operation of the transportation subsystem, the power generation subsystem and the storage subsystem to transmit electric energy to the power grid; the transportation subsystem includes a cableway, a track and a material transfer trolley, the track is a round-trip track arranged between a high-altitude warehouse and a low-altitude warehouse, the cableway is arranged at a groove position of the track, and the cableway is connected to the bottom of the material transfer trolley, so that the material transfer trolley moves along the track under the traction of the cableway; the power generation subsystem is respectively connected to the transportation subsystem, the power generation subsystem and the storage subsystem, so as to control the operation of the transportation subsystem, the power generation subsystem and the storage subsystem to transmit electric energy to the power grid; the transportation subsystem includes a cableway, a track and a material transfer trolley, the track is a round-trip track arranged between a high-altitude warehouse and a low-altitude warehouse, the cableway is arranged at a groove position of the track, and the cableway is connected to the bottom of the material transfer trolley, so that the material transfer trolley moves along the track under the traction of the cableway; The system is used to control the running speed of the material transfer cart to convert electrical energy into gravitational potential energy and recover kinetic energy; the storage subsystem includes a stacking bin, stacking pieces, a conveyor belt and a picking mechanical claw, which is used to load and unload heavy blocks through the picking mechanical claw when the material transfer cart arrives at the storage stacking area, and to store and retrieve heavy blocks through the conveyor belt and stacking pieces. Through this application, cable cars and track structures are used to transport heavy blocks between high-altitude warehouses and low-altitude warehouses through material transport carts, converting gravitational potential energy into electrical energy, which is provided to the power grid to maintain power grid stability and improve energy utilization efficiency.

[0021] See also Figure 1 , Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the gravity energy storage system provided in the embodiment of the present application. Figure 1 As shown in the figure, the gravity energy storage system provided in the embodiment of the present application includes: a cableway 1, a track 2, a material transfer vehicle 3, a stacking bin 4, stacking pieces 5, a conveyor belt 6, a picking mechanical claw 7, a power generation subsystem 8 and a power grid 9.

[0022] Here, the gravity energy storage system includes a general control system, a transportation subsystem, a power generation subsystem and a storage subsystem, wherein the general control system is respectively connected to the transportation subsystem, the power generation subsystem and the storage subsystem by signals to control the operation of the transportation subsystem, the power generation subsystem and the storage subsystem to transmit electric energy to the power grid; The transport subsystem includes a cableway 1, a track 2 and a material transfer trolley 3. The track 2 is a round-trip track set between the high-altitude warehouse and the low-altitude warehouse. The cableway 1 is set at the groove position of the track. The cableway 1 is connected to the bottom of the material transfer trolley 3, so that the material transfer trolley 3 moves along the track 2 under the traction of the cableway 1. The power generation subsystem is used to control the running speed of the material transfer vehicle 3 to convert electrical energy into gravitational potential energy and recover kinetic energy; The storage subsystem includes a stacking bin 4, stacking pieces 5, a conveyor belt 6 and a picking mechanical claw 7, which are used to load and unload heavy blocks through the picking mechanical claw 7 when the material transfer vehicle 3 arrives at the storage stacking area, and to store and retrieve heavy blocks through the conveyor belt 6 and the stacking piece 5.

[0023] In summary, the overall control system is responsible for receiving grid demand and system status information, and sending control signals to other subsystems accordingly to ensure the coordinated operation and efficient management of the entire system.

[0024] The transportation subsystem consists of a cableway 1, a track 2 and a material transfer trolley 3. The cableway 1 is arranged in the groove position of the track 2 and is connected to the bottom of the material transfer trolley 3. It pulls the material transfer trolley 3 back and forth between the high-altitude warehouse and the low-altitude warehouse. This design not only improves the transportation efficiency, but also helps to achieve the effective conversion between gravitational potential energy and electrical energy.

[0025] Specifically, the track includes an ascending track segment, a descending track segment, a high-altitude track segment and a low-altitude track segment. The ascending track segment, the high-altitude track segment, the descending track segment and the low-altitude track segment constitute a closed track. The ascending track segment and the descending track segment are arranged in parallel, and the high-altitude track segment and the low-altitude track segment are both arranged in a semi-circular shape.

[0026] The cableway includes an ascending cableway section, a descending cableway section, a high-altitude cableway section and a low-altitude cableway section. The ascending cableway section is arranged at a groove position in the ascending track section, the descending cableway section is arranged at a groove position in the descending track section, the high-altitude cableway section is arranged at a first preset groove position, and the low-altitude cableway section is arranged at a second preset groove position.

[0027] The main functions of the track 2 and the cableway 1 are to provide support for the material transfer trolley 3 and to pull the trolley up and down the mountain. The main function of the material transfer trolley 3 is to load cement blocks, and to store and release gravitational potential energy through up and down movement, thereby achieving charging and discharging functions.

[0028] See also Figure 2 , Figure 2 This is a partial top view of the gravity energy storage system provided in the embodiment of the present application. Figure 2 As shown in , the partial top view of the gravity energy storage system provided in the embodiment of the present application includes a transfer area 21, a buffer area 22 and a storage and stacking area 23.

[0029] Here, an upward track section, a downward track section, an upward cableway section and a downward cableway section are arranged in the transfer area 21, and the buffer zone 22 includes a high-altitude buffer zone and a low-altitude buffer zone. A high-altitude track section and a high-altitude cableway section are arranged in the high-altitude buffer zone, and a low-altitude track section and a low-altitude cableway section are arranged in the low-altitude buffer zone.

[0030] For further information, see Figure 3 , Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the grabber and grabber baffle in the gravity energy storage system provided in the embodiment of the present application. Figure 3 As shown in , the gravity energy storage system provided in the embodiment of the present application further includes a cable gripper 10 and a cable gripper baffle 11 .

[0031] The cable gripper 10 is arranged at the bottom of the material transfer trolley 3 to control the connection and separation between the material transfer trolley 3 and the cableway 1; A plurality of cable gripper baffles 11 are respectively arranged at first preset positions corresponding to the high-altitude track segment in the high-altitude buffer zone and at second preset positions corresponding to the low-altitude track segment in the low-altitude buffer zone. The first preset position is the junction of the upward track segment and the high-altitude track segment, and the second preset position is the junction of the downward track segment and the low-altitude track segment. The plurality of cable gripper baffles 11 are used to interact with the cable gripper 10 to separate and reconnect the cable gripper 10 from the cableway 1.

[0032] In a specific embodiment, the connection method is as follows: the cableway is at the same height as the track or slightly above or below, and the cableway is located between the two tracks from a bird's-eye view. A bracket is set on the lower side of the track to support the track and fix the track on the mountain, making the track on the mountain more stable.

[0033] The material transfer trolley 3 is connected to the cableway 1 through the cable gripper 10 and remains connected during the whole process of going up and down the mountain. Under the traction of the cableway 1, the material transfer trolley 3 moves on the track 2. When entering the vicinity of the buffer zone 22, the cable gripper 10 is separated from the cableway 1 by the action of the cable gripper baffle 11 on the cableway 1 and its own elasticity. The cableway 1 will continue to make a circular motion under the traction of the winch, and will be connected with other material transfer trolleys in the same way at the exit of the buffer zone 22, and move to the other end of the high-altitude warehouse with the material transfer trolley 3. For example, the winch is set at Figure 2 The circle position of the middle buffer zone 22 drives the ropeway 1 to perform a circular motion.

[0034] Specifically, see Figure 4 , Figure 5 , Figure 4 This is one of the structural schematic diagrams of the material transfer trolley and the cable gripper provided in the embodiment of the present application. Figure 5 This is the second structural schematic diagram of the material transfer trolley and the cable gripper provided in the embodiment of the present application. Figure 4 This is the front view of the material transfer trolley and the cable gripper. Figure 5 It is a side view of the material transfer trolley and cable gripper.

[0035] like Figure 4 , Figure 5 As shown in the figure, the rope gripper consists of the following key parts: Bracket (including guide wheels): The bracket is the supporting structure of the system, which ensures the stability and guidance of the entire device. The guide wheels are used to guide the trolley to run smoothly on the track.

[0036] Elastic component: When the baffle plate contacts the lever, the rope gripper can be reset by the elastic component after the separation action is completed, and the structure maintains the rope gripping action of the rope gripping claw by continuously applying force to the lever.

[0037] Lever: The lever is a key component for lifting and lowering the cable claw. When the material transfer trolley 3 travels to a specific position, the raised mechanism in the guide rail will press down the lever, thereby triggering the action of the cable claw.

[0038] Rope-holding claw: responsible for connecting the material transfer trolley 3 with the traction rope. When the rope-holding claw is raised, the material transfer trolley 3 is separated from the traction rope; when the rope-holding claw is lowered, the material transfer trolley 3 is connected to the traction rope.

[0039] Electronic components: used to control the action of the cable gripping claws and monitor the operating status of the material transfer trolley 3.

[0040] Movement principle: When the trolley enters the buffer zone 22 in the station from the uphill and downhill transfer area 21, the raised mechanism in the guide rail will press down the lever, triggering the rope gripping claw to lift up and leave the traction rope. In this way, the material transfer trolley 3 enters the buffer zone 22 smoothly, and after entering the buffer zone 22, it resets and the rope gripping claw prepares for the next action.

[0041] When the trolley needs to enter the uphill and downhill transfer area 21 from the buffer zone 22, the same rope-holding claw lifting-lowering process will occur again. This time, the rope-holding claw will be lowered and connected to the traction rope, so that the trolley can smoothly enter the uphill and downhill transfer area 21.

[0042] In general, the rope gripper enables the smooth operation and efficient transfer of the material transfer vehicle on the track, and the components such as the metal bracket and connecting rod with springs shown in the picture are important components of this system.

[0043] Specifically, the material transfer vehicle 3 enters the buffer zone 22 along the track 2, starts its own power in the buffer zone 22, decelerates to zero in the middle of the buffer zone 22, completes loading and unloading of goods, and then accelerates to the cableway speed in the second half, using the cable gripper 10 and the cable gripper baffle 11 to complete impact-free (approximately impact-free) docking.

[0044] In this way, cement blocks can run well up and down the mountain. The layout of the cableway gives it a stronger ability to cope with the impact of the natural environment. The connection method using the cable gripper also avoids the complex bending state of the cableway, reduces the wear of the cableway, and also adapts to the need to switch the transmission mode after entering the buffer zone 22. The design of the buffer zone 22 separates the transfer and stacking to a certain extent, so that the transfer area can more freely increase the operating speed and increase the charging and discharging power, thereby obtaining a larger adjustment range, and achieving the effect of the same area of ​​gravity energy storage device leveling more wind and solar power plant power generation; at the same time, it can also ensure that the speed at the loading and unloading is zero, which is convenient for docking and eliminating impact loads, reducing safety risks and increasing safety.

[0045] Furthermore, the power generation subsystem is responsible for controlling the running speed of the material transfer vehicle 3 to realize the conversion between electrical energy and gravitational potential energy, and recover kinetic energy during transportation, thereby improving energy utilization efficiency and reducing energy loss.

[0046] Specifically, the power generation subsystem includes a transfer area energy conversion subsystem, a buffer area kinetic energy recovery energy management subsystem and a power compensation subsystem. Here, the transfer area energy conversion subsystem is used to control the conversion between electrical energy and gravitational potential energy when the material transfer vehicle is running on the track in the transfer area; the buffer area kinetic energy recovery energy management subsystem is used to control the material transfer vehicle to decelerate during the movement in the buffer area until the material transfer vehicle stops, and to control the material transfer vehicle to obtain kinetic energy after loading and unloading to reach the operating speed for movement; the power compensation subsystem is used to perform power compensation according to the power difference when the vehicle operating condition is switched, so as to achieve the rated power of the target condition.

[0047] Here, the transfer area energy conversion subsystem and the buffer zone kinetic energy recovery energy management subsystem are used to complete the conversion between electrical energy and gravitational potential energy. The power compensation subsystem is used to recover the kinetic energy during the acceleration and deceleration process of the buffer zone material transfer vehicle and compensate for the kinetic energy required for acceleration. The power compensation subsystem is used to compensate for the difference between the transition period power and the final working state power during the charge and discharge switching.

[0048] In an optional embodiment, the buffer zone kinetic energy recovery energy management subsystem is used to recover the kinetic energy lost by the material transfer vehicle during braking in the buffer zone and convert it into electrical energy. The electrical energy is then converted into kinetic energy during the acceleration process of the material transfer vehicle corresponding to the warehouse at the other end, thereby reducing energy waste and additional energy input, improving system efficiency, and connecting all electrical energy to the grid to help unify energy allocation and improve the system's anti-interference ability.

[0049] Specifically, the transfer area energy conversion subsystem includes a reversible motor, a gear box, a power shaft and a transmission wheel, wherein the reversible motor is used to perform reversible conversion between electrical energy and mechanical energy when the material transfer vehicle 3 is running in the transfer area 21; Here, the reversible motor has the ability to output torque when used as a motor, and has the ability to be driven to output electrical energy when used as a generator, thereby realizing the reversible conversion between electrical energy and mechanical energy. Under charging conditions, the reversible motor acts as a motor, driving the rope to pull the trolley up the mountain with load and down the mountain without load, converting electrical energy into gravitational potential energy. Under discharging conditions, the reversible motor acts as a generator, using gravity as a driving force to convert gravitational potential energy into electrical energy.

[0050] The gear box is used to increase the output speed of the motor through the speed increase ratio to drive the material transfer vehicle to the high-altitude warehouse, and to increase the output torque of the motor through the speed reduction ratio to enable the material transfer vehicle to run to the low-altitude warehouse under the drive of the gravitational potential energy of the heavy object; Here, the gearbox achieves precise adjustment of the motor output speed and torque through the internal gear transmission mechanism.

[0051] A power shaft, used to transmit the torque output by the reversible motor to the transmission wheel; Here, the power shaft efficiently transmits the torque output by the motor to the transmission wheel, thereby driving the trolley to move on the track. The design of the power shaft needs to take into account the efficiency and stability of torque transmission to ensure the smooth progress of the entire energy conversion process.

[0052] The transmission wheel is connected to the cableway to drive the cableway to move.

[0053] Here, the transmission wheel is closely connected to the cableway, and through the friction with the cableway, the torque transmitted from the power shaft is converted into the driving force for the cableway to move forward.

[0054] Specifically, the transport zone energy conversion subsystem is configured as follows: Upon receiving the charging signal from the general control system, the reversible motor is used as a motor to drive the material transfer vehicle loaded with heavy objects to the high-altitude warehouse through a gear box, a power shaft and a transmission wheel; When receiving the discharge signal from the general control system, the reversible motor is used as a generator, and the gravitational potential energy of the heavy object is used to drive the material transfer vehicle loaded with the heavy object to run to the low-altitude warehouse.

[0055] As mentioned above, the present application mainly has two operating conditions: charging condition and discharging condition. In the charging condition, the reversible motor drives the cable through a mechanical transmission system such as a gearbox to pull the carrying cart up the mountain with load and down the mountain without load, thereby lifting the heavy objects and converting the electrical energy corresponding to the power of the wind photovoltaic power plant exceeding the threshold into the gravitational potential energy of the heavy objects; in the discharging condition, the reversible motor acts as a generator, and the carrying cart goes up the mountain with load and goes down the mountain with empty load, using gravity as the driving force, and moves at a uniform speed under the balance of gravity and the electromagnetic damping force of the generator on the winch to achieve the descent of the object, thereby converting the gravitational potential energy of the heavy object into electrical energy, which is used to supplement the energy corresponding to the power of the wind photovoltaic power plant below the threshold.

[0056] When the reversible motor is used as a generator, the on-board motor of the trolley is controlled so that the material transfer trolley decelerates to zero at the loading and unloading point in a smooth manner, and recovers kinetic energy according to the kinetic energy recovery principle of electric vehicles or rail transit. At the same time, the material transfer trolley is connected to the electrified rail through a pantograph, and the recovered energy is transmitted to the energy storage unit through these two devices for storage. At the same time, the energy storage units of the high-altitude warehouse and the low-altitude warehouse are connected to each other and uniformly deployed. After the material transfer trolley completes loading and unloading, the material transfer trolley will consume the energy in the energy storage unit, obtain kinetic energy under the drive of the motor, and accelerate to the same speed as the cableway. It is worth noting that whenever a loaded material transfer trolley enters one end of the loading and unloading point, an empty material transfer trolley will leave this end of the loading and unloading point at the same time. At this time, an empty material transfer trolley will enter the loading and unloading point at the other end of the warehouse, and the loaded material transfer trolley will leave the loading and unloading point. Without considering the loss, these two parts of energy are just complementary, so only enough energy to support the loss needs to be input into the energy storage system to achieve the complete movement of the material transfer trolley, which greatly reduces energy waste.

[0057] Here, the energy storage unit is connected to the circuit of the overall control system to compensate for the power difference and power fluctuation problems that may occur during the charging and discharging switching process. In traditional power systems, when switching from the charging state to the discharging state, or from the discharging state to the charging state, due to the lag in the system response, it often causes instantaneous power fluctuations or insufficiency, which may have an adverse effect on the stability of the power grid and the power supply quality.

[0058] The introduction of energy storage units and connection circuits effectively solves this problem. The energy storage unit can quickly provide or absorb the required electrical energy at the moment of charging and discharging switching, thereby filling the power gap and ensuring the smooth operation of the power system. It can ensure the efficient transmission of electrical energy, reduce energy loss, and further improve the response speed of the system.

[0059] In the field of renewable energy generation, such as wind power and solar power, the power output of the power grid often fluctuates greatly due to the volatility and uncertainty of natural conditions. At this time, the combination of energy storage units and connecting circuits can play an important role, ensuring the stability and power supply quality of the power grid through rapid response and regulation.

[0060] When switching between these two working conditions, the material transfer vehicle switches from the state of carrying load up the mountain to the state of carrying load down the mountain (or vice versa). It needs to first enter the high-altitude warehouse with load, without unloading, and then leave the high-altitude storage and stacking area. This process takes a certain amount of time, resulting in a longer time for all vehicles to complete the switch. The power during this transition period changes in a step-by-step manner, and it is impossible to reach the rated power of the target working condition in a sufficiently short time. The power compensation system will release energy when charging switches to discharging, and absorb energy at the other switch, so that the total power can achieve a step-by-step change.

[0061] In summary, the power generation subsystem recycles the kinetic energy lost by the material transfer cart during braking in the buffer zone 22 and converts it into electrical energy, which is then converted into electrical energy during the acceleration process of the material transfer cart corresponding to the warehouse at the other end, thereby realizing the mutual conversion between gravitational potential energy and electrical energy, reducing the energy waste caused by the speed change of the material transfer cart in the buffer zone, effectively improving the system efficiency, reducing the response time of the system, greatly increasing the flexibility of the system, and facilitating the real-time adjustment of the system operating conditions.

[0062] For further information, see Figure 6 , Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the storage and stacking area provided in the embodiment of the present application. Figure 6 As shown in , the storage and stacking area of ​​the gravity energy storage system provided in the embodiment of the present application includes: a stacking bin 4, stacking pieces 5, a conveyor belt 6, and a picking mechanical claw 7.

[0063] Stacking bin 4: Through reasonable shelf layout and load-bearing design, the stacking bin can accommodate a large number of heavy blocks to meet the needs of long-term storage; Stacking device 5: For example, it can be a gantry crane. Gantry cranes and other stacking devices are responsible for lifting heavy blocks from conveyor belts and stacking them at designated locations in the storage stacking area. These devices are usually equipped with advanced control systems and sensors that can accurately control the lifting height and position to ensure accurate stacking of heavy blocks. In addition, in order to improve efficiency, most gantry cranes also have the ability to lift multiple heavy blocks at the same time, further shortening the stacking cycle.

[0064] Conveyor belt 6: For example, it can be a Y-shaped conveyor belt. Here, the Y-shaped conveyor belt can quickly transport heavy objects from the picking mechanical claw to the stacking device. Through its unique bifurcated design, it can form a differential speed at the end to provide a temporary storage effect for the stacking device. This design effectively alleviates the speed mismatch problem between the stacking device and the picking mechanical claw, and improves the overall storage and retrieval efficiency. In addition, the Y-shaped conveyor belt also has a speed regulation function, which can adjust the conveying speed according to actual needs to adapt to different operating scenarios.

[0065] Pick-up mechanical claw 7: The pick-up mechanical claw is responsible for grabbing heavy objects from the material transfer trolley and placing them on the conveyor belt, or grabbing heavy objects from the conveyor belt and placing them in the material transfer trolley. The pick-up mechanical claw can quickly and stably pick up and load objects, reduce the dwelling time of the trolley and the impact stress during loading and unloading, and ensure the safety and stability of heavy objects during transportation.

[0066] In the workflow of the storage subsystem, after the material transfer trolley 3 enters the buffer track, it will slow down to a stop at the loading and unloading area, and then open the door panel of the carriage to expose the internal track. At this time, the picking mechanical claw will guide the heavy object block to leave the trolley and enter the conveyor belt 6 through the track on the opened door panel. The conveyor belt 6 transports the heavy object block to the storage stacking area at a certain speed. Considering the limited operating speed and stacking efficiency of stacking devices such as gantry cranes, the conveyor belt 6 is forked at the end to form a differential speed, providing a temporary storage effect for the stacking bin 4. In this way, the stacking piece 5 (such as a gantry crane) can use multiple main and auxiliary cranes to lift the heavy object block at the same time, balance the difference between its own transfer speed and the picking speed of the picking mechanical claw 7, and achieve high-efficiency storage and retrieval. After completing the storage and retrieval operation, the gantry crane and other stacking pieces 5 will complete the stacking work in the storage stacking area 23, and at the same time, the material transfer trolley 3 will gradually accelerate to leave the buffer zone 22 and prepare for the next transfer task.

[0067] The main function of the storage subsystem is to achieve efficient loading and unloading of heavy blocks and long-term storage of sufficient heavy blocks. Here, stacking devices such as stacking bins 4 and stacking components 5 (such as gantry cranes) are in the storage stacking area. The Y-shaped conveyor belt 6 and the picking mechanical claw 7 connect the storage stacking area 23 and the buffer zone 22, so that when the material transfer vehicle 3 arrives at the storage stacking area 23, the picking mechanical claw 7 is responsible for the loading and unloading of heavy blocks, while the conveyor belt 6 and the stacking component 5 are responsible for the storage and access of heavy blocks. This design enables the system to adjust the speed and scale of energy storage and release according to the needs of the power grid and actual conditions, thereby achieving stable and high-speed heavy object stacking and efficient operation, improving the efficiency of the entire gravity energy storage and material transfer system, and reducing operating costs.

[0068] Specifically, the overall control system is configured as follows: Determine whether the power threshold of the power grid is greater than the preset power threshold; If the power threshold of the power grid is greater than the preset power threshold, a charging signal is sent to the energy conversion subsystem of the transfer area to control the material transfer vehicle to load heavy objects to run to the high-altitude warehouse and run empty to the low-altitude warehouse, and convert the electric energy corresponding to the power difference between the power threshold of the power grid and the preset power threshold into gravitational potential energy; If the power threshold of the power grid is not greater than the preset power threshold, a discharge signal is sent to the energy conversion subsystem of the transfer area to control the material transfer vehicle to run empty to the high-altitude warehouse and run loaded with heavy objects to the low-altitude warehouse, thereby converting gravitational potential energy into electrical energy.

[0069] Here, when the power threshold of the power grid is higher than the preset power threshold, it means that there is excess electric energy in the power grid. At this time, the overall control system will respond quickly and send a charging signal to the energy conversion subsystem of the transfer area. After receiving this signal, the material transfer cart 3 will be instructed to load heavy blocks and run along the set track to the high-altitude warehouse for storage. After completing the storage task, the cart will return empty to the low-altitude warehouse to prepare for the next loading task. In this process, the excess electric energy in the power grid is converted into the gravitational potential energy of the heavy blocks at high altitudes, thereby realizing the storage of electric energy.

[0070] On the contrary, when the power threshold of the power grid is lower than or equal to the preset power threshold, it indicates that the power grid is insufficient. At this time, the overall control system will send a discharge signal to the energy conversion subsystem of the transfer area. After receiving this signal, the material transfer vehicle will run empty to the high-altitude warehouse, load the heavy blocks and return to the low-altitude warehouse. During this downward process, the gravitational potential energy of the heavy blocks is converted into electrical energy and transmitted back to the power grid through the energy conversion subsystem, providing much-needed power support for the power grid.

[0071] The overall workflow of this application is as follows: The material transfer carts are evenly distributed on the slope track. According to the needs of charging and discharging, they circulate in a fixed direction under the action of the cableway driven by the motor or generator, and enter the transfer area-buffer zone-the other side of the transfer area-the buffer zone at the other end in turn. The charging and discharging conditions will affect which section the cart is loaded and which section is unloaded.

[0072] The horizontal track of the buffer zone is directly integrated with the track on the slope. After the material transfer trolley reaches the end of the slope from the slope track of the transfer area, it can release the driving cable under the action of the cable gripper spring and the fixed baffle in a similar way to changing the cable of a cable car. However, it will not be connected to another cableway but will enter an empty grip state.

[0073] Start the motor of the material transfer trolley. At this time, the pantograph of the material transfer trolley is connected to the electrified rail. Under the action of the motor, the material transfer trolley will decelerate to 0 according to the principle of kinetic energy recovery in rail transit. The kinetic energy recovered by the material transfer trolley during the braking process will be input into the energy storage unit through the pantograph and the electrified rail for unified management. At this time, the material transfer trolley arrives in front of the picking mechanical claw, and then opens the carriage. The picking mechanical claw guides the heavy object to leave the material transfer trolley and enter the Y-type conveyor belt (in another working condition, the Y-type conveyor belt directly provides the speed to allow the heavy object to enter the material transfer trolley). It moves at a constant speed toward the gantry crane (or other stacking device) (that is, the storage stacking area). Taking into account the limited operating speed and stacking efficiency of stacking devices such as gantry cranes, the Y-shaped conveyor belt will fork at the end, forming a speed difference at both ends, thereby forming a temporary storage effect, and distributing the unloaded heavy objects to two (or more) tracks with different speeds as needed, thereby controlling multiple heavy objects to arrive at the stacking device at the same time, so that multiple heavy objects can be stacked together, balancing the speed difference between the stacking device and the loading and unloading device, with the purpose of allowing multiple objects to arrive at the stacking device at the same time (multiple objects arrive at the trolley loading and unloading point in sequence), and controlling the distribution of heavy objects.

[0074] After that, the gantry crane can use multiple main and auxiliary cranes to lift heavy objects at the same time to balance the difference between its own transfer speed and the speed of the mechanical claw to pick up objects (the speed of objects at the beginning of the Y-shaped conveyor belt), so as to achieve efficient storage and retrieval. After storage (retrieval) is completed, the internal motor of the material transfer trolley will drive the material transfer trolley to accelerate to the same speed as the cableway of the transportation system under the power supply of the energy storage unit, and then release the cable gripper in the empty grip state under the action of the baffle and the cable gripper, connect with the cableway, enter the transfer area, and participate in the charging (discharging) process. At the same time, the gantry crane will complete the stacking work in the storage and stacking area (heavy object stacking warehouse).

[0075] When the operating conditions are switched, the power compensation subsystem will compensate for the power difference that cannot be directly reached to the specified value during the discharge process, and will compensate for the power difference that cannot be directly reached to the specified charging power during the charge process.

[0076] In summary, the present application realizes the efficient conversion between electrical energy and gravitational potential energy and the rapid transportation of materials. At the same time, through mechanisms such as kinetic energy recovery and power compensation, the energy utilization efficiency and operation stability of the system are further improved.

[0077] The gravity energy storage system and method provided in the embodiment of the present application coordinates the three major subsystems of transportation, power generation and warehousing through a general control system, thereby realizing the efficient conversion and utilization of electrical energy and gravitational potential energy. The system utilizes a cable car (material transfer trolley) and a track structure to transport heavy blocks between high-altitude warehouses and low-altitude warehouses, thereby converting gravitational potential energy into electrical energy and supplying it to the power grid to maintain its stability. Among them, the transportation subsystem ensures the smooth operation of the trolley; the power generation subsystem controls the speed of the trolley to realize energy conversion and kinetic energy recovery; and the storage subsystem is responsible for the loading, unloading and storage of heavy blocks. This system significantly improves the energy utilization efficiency and provides strong support for the stability of the power grid.

[0078] The technical effects of this application are as follows: Enhanced load-bearing and environmental resistance: The cable rail design not only greatly improves the system's load-bearing capacity, but also enhances its resistance to the natural environment, while avoiding the use of high-cost special equipment and reducing overall costs.

[0079] Improve operational efficiency and safety: The cableway is laid under the vehicle body, close to the height of the track, which effectively reduces the interference of external factors such as wind, thereby increasing the operating speed and further increasing the power output.

[0080] Simplified switching mechanism and enhanced cable safety: The purely mechanical switching design of the trolley cable gripper requires no additional manipulation, greatly simplifying the system structure and reducing the construction cost. At the same time, the clever combination with the cableway position reduces the complex bending of the cable and improves the safety of the cableway.

[0081] Optimize transfer and stacking efficiency: The setting of the buffer zone separates the transfer area for energy conversion from the storage and stacking area that requires stable docking, so that the transfer area can operate efficiently. When loading and unloading goods in the storage and stacking area, the trolley can be decelerated to zero, which is convenient for docking, reduces impact loads, and improves the safety and robustness of storage.

[0082] Meeting personalized braking needs: The buffer zone trolley’s self-powered design meets the needs of speed changes of each trolley at different positions, avoiding the limitations of unified transmission traction.

[0083] Improve the efficiency of the entire system: The design of the power generation subsystem effectively reduces the energy waste during the acceleration and deceleration of the vehicle in the buffer zone, and improves the energy utilization efficiency of the entire system.

[0084] Achieve fast response and real-time adjustment: The introduction of the power compensation subsystem solves the problem of slow system response during the charging and discharging switching process, realizes a step-by-step state switching, and ensures that the system can respond quickly and adjust the power plant output power in real time.

[0085] See also Figure 7 , Figure 7Flow chart of the gravity energy storage method provided in the embodiment of the present application. The gravity energy storage method is applied to a gravity energy storage system, which includes a general control system, a transportation subsystem, a power generation subsystem and a storage subsystem, such as Figure 7 As shown, the method includes: S701, the general control system is respectively connected with the transport subsystem, the power generation subsystem and the storage subsystem by signals to control the operation of the transport subsystem, the power generation subsystem and the storage subsystem to transmit electric energy to the power grid; S702, the transport subsystem includes a cableway, a track and a material transfer trolley, the track is a round-trip track set between the high-altitude warehouse and the low-altitude warehouse, the cableway is set at the groove position of the track, the cableway is connected to the bottom of the material transfer trolley, so that the material transfer trolley moves along the track under the traction of the cableway; S703, the power generation subsystem is used to control the running speed of the material transfer vehicle to convert electrical energy into gravitational potential energy and recover kinetic energy; S704. The storage subsystem includes a stacking bin, stacking pieces, a conveyor belt and a picking robot claw, which are used to load and unload heavy blocks through the picking robot claw when the material transfer vehicle arrives at the storage stacking area, and to store and retrieve the heavy blocks through the conveyor belt and the stacking pieces.

[0086] Those skilled in the art can clearly understand that, for the convenience and brevity of description, the specific working process of the method described above can refer to the corresponding process in the aforementioned system embodiment, and will not be repeated here.

[0087] In the several embodiments provided in the present application, it should be understood that the disclosed systems, devices and methods can be implemented in other ways. The device embodiments described above are merely schematic. For example, the division of the units is only a logical function division. There may be other division methods in actual implementation. For example, multiple units or components can be combined or integrated into another system, or some features can be ignored or not executed. Another point is that the mutual coupling or direct coupling or communication connection shown or discussed can be through some communication interfaces, and the indirect coupling or communication connection of devices or units can be electrical, mechanical or other forms.

[0088] The units described as separate components may or may not be physically separated, and the components shown as units may or may not be physical units, that is, they may be located in one place or distributed on multiple network units. Some or all of the units may be selected according to actual needs to achieve the purpose of the solution of this embodiment.

[0089] In addition, each functional unit in each embodiment of the present application may be integrated into one processing unit, or each unit may exist physically separately, or two or more units may be integrated into one unit.

[0090] If the functions are implemented in the form of software functional units and sold or used as independent products, they can be stored in a non-volatile computer-readable storage medium that is executable by a processor. Based on this understanding, the technical solution of the present application, or the part that contributes to the prior art or the part of the technical solution, can be embodied in the form of a software product. The computer software product is stored in a storage medium, including several instructions for a computer device (which can be a personal computer, server, or network device, etc.) to execute all or part of the steps of the method described in each embodiment of the present application. The aforementioned storage medium includes: U disk, mobile hard disk, read-only memory (ROM), random access memory (RAM), disk or optical disk, and other media that can store program codes.

[0091] Finally, it should be noted that the above-described embodiments are only specific implementation methods of the present application, which are used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present application, rather than to limit them. The protection scope of the present application is not limited thereto. Although the present application is described in detail with reference to the above-mentioned embodiments, ordinary technicians in the field should understand that any technician familiar with the technical field can still modify the technical solutions recorded in the above-mentioned embodiments within the technical scope disclosed in the present application, or can easily think of changes, or make equivalent replacements for some of the technical features therein; and these modifications, changes or replacements do not make the essence of the corresponding technical solutions deviate from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present application, and should be included in the protection scope of the present application. Therefore, the protection scope of the present application shall be based on the protection scope of the claims.

Claims

1. A gravity energy storage system, characterized in that: It includes the overall control system, transportation subsystem, power generation subsystem and storage subsystem. Wherein, the general control system is respectively connected to the transport subsystem, the power generation subsystem and the storage subsystem by signals, so as to control the operation of the transport subsystem, the power generation subsystem and the storage subsystem, so as to transmit electric energy to the power grid; The transport subsystem includes a cableway, a track and a material transfer trolley, wherein the track is a round-trip track arranged between a high-altitude warehouse and a low-altitude warehouse, the cableway is arranged at a groove position of the track, and the cableway is connected to the bottom of the material transfer trolley, so that the material transfer trolley moves along the track under the traction of the cableway; The power generation subsystem is used to control the running speed of the material transfer vehicle to convert electrical energy into gravitational potential energy and recover kinetic energy; The storage subsystem includes a stacking bin, stacking pieces, a conveyor belt and a picking mechanical claw, which is used to load and unload heavy blocks through the picking mechanical claw when the material transfer vehicle arrives at the storage stacking area, and to store and retrieve the heavy blocks through the conveyor belt and the stacking piece.

2. The system according to claim 1, characterized in that The track includes an ascending track segment, a descending track segment, a high-altitude track segment and a low-altitude track segment. The ascending track segment, the high-altitude track segment, the descending track segment and the low-altitude track segment constitute a closed track. The ascending track segment and the descending track segment are arranged in parallel, and the high-altitude track segment and the low-altitude track segment are both arranged in a semi-circular shape.

3. The system according to claim 2, characterized in that The cableway includes an ascending cableway section, a descending cableway section, a high-altitude cableway section and a low-altitude cableway section. The ascending cableway section is arranged at a groove position in the ascending track section, the descending cableway section is arranged at a groove position in the descending track section, the high-altitude cableway section is arranged at a first preset groove position, and the low-altitude cableway section is arranged at a second preset groove position.

4. The system according to claim 3, characterized in that The space where the gravity energy storage system is located includes a transfer area, a buffer area and a storage and stacking area. An upward track segment, a downward track segment, an upward cableway segment and a downward cableway segment are arranged in the transfer area. The buffer area includes a high-altitude buffer area and a low-altitude buffer area. A high-altitude track segment and a high-altitude cableway segment are arranged in the high-altitude buffer area. A low-altitude track segment and a low-altitude cableway segment are arranged in the low-altitude buffer area.

5. The system according to claim 4, characterized in that The transport subsystem also includes a cable gripper and a plurality of cable gripper baffles. The cable gripper is arranged at the bottom of the material transfer vehicle to control the connection and separation between the material transfer vehicle and the cableway; The multiple cable gripper baffles are respectively arranged at a first preset position corresponding to the high-altitude track segment in the high-altitude buffer zone and a second preset position corresponding to the low-altitude track segment in the low-altitude buffer zone, the first preset position being the junction of the upward track segment and the high-altitude track segment, and the second preset position being the junction of the downward track segment and the low-altitude track segment. The multiple cable gripper baffles are used to interact with the cable gripper to separate and reconnect the cable gripper from the cableway.

6. The system according to claim 4, characterized in that The power generation subsystem includes a transfer zone energy conversion subsystem, a buffer zone kinetic energy recovery energy management subsystem and a power compensation subsystem. Wherein, the transfer area energy conversion subsystem is used to control the conversion between electrical energy and gravitational potential energy when the material transfer vehicle runs on the track in the transfer area; The buffer zone kinetic energy recovery energy management subsystem is used to control the material transfer vehicle to decelerate during movement in the buffer zone until the material transfer vehicle stops, and to control the material transfer vehicle to obtain kinetic energy after loading and unloading to reach the operating speed for movement; The power compensation subsystem is used to perform power compensation according to the power difference when the vehicle operating condition is switched, so as to achieve the rated power of the target condition.

7. The system according to claim 6, characterized in that The transfer zone energy conversion subsystem includes a reversible motor, a gear box, a power shaft and a transmission wheel. Wherein, the reversible motor is used to reversibly convert between electrical energy and mechanical energy when the material transfer vehicle is running in the transfer area; The gear box is used to increase the output speed of the motor through the speed increase ratio to drive the material transfer vehicle to the high-altitude warehouse, and to increase the output torque of the motor through the speed reduction ratio so that the material transfer vehicle is driven by the gravitational potential energy of the weight block to run to the low-altitude warehouse; The power shaft is used to transmit the torque output by the reversible motor to the transmission wheel; The transmission wheel is connected to the track and is used to pull the material transfer trolley to move on the track.

8. The system according to claim 7, characterized in that The transfer zone energy conversion subsystem is configured as follows: Upon receiving the charging signal from the general control system, the reversible motor is used as a motor to drive the material transfer vehicle loaded with heavy objects to the high-altitude warehouse through a gear box, a power shaft and a transmission wheel; When receiving the discharge signal from the general control system, the reversible motor is used as a generator, and the gravitational potential energy of the heavy object is used to drive the material transfer vehicle loaded with the heavy object to run to the low-altitude warehouse.

9. The system according to claim 8, characterized in that The overall control system is configured as follows: Determine whether the power threshold of the power grid is greater than the preset power threshold; If the power threshold of the power grid is greater than the preset power threshold, a charging signal is sent to the energy conversion subsystem of the transfer area to control the material transfer vehicle to load the heavy objects and run to the high-altitude warehouse, and to run empty to the low-altitude warehouse, and convert the electric energy corresponding to the power difference between the power threshold of the power grid and the preset power threshold into gravitational potential energy; If the grid power threshold is not greater than the preset power threshold, a discharge signal is sent to the transfer area energy conversion subsystem to control the material transfer vehicle to run empty to the high-altitude warehouse and run loaded with heavy objects to the low-altitude warehouse, thereby converting gravitational potential energy into electrical energy.

10. A gravity energy storage method, characterized in that: Applied to a gravity energy storage system, the gravity energy storage system includes a general control system, a transportation subsystem, a power generation subsystem and a storage subsystem. Wherein, the general control system is respectively connected to the transport subsystem, the power generation subsystem and the storage subsystem by signals, so as to control the operation of the transport subsystem, the power generation subsystem and the storage subsystem, so as to transmit electric energy to the power grid; The transport subsystem includes a cableway, a track and a material transfer trolley, wherein the track is a round-trip track arranged between a high-altitude warehouse and a low-altitude warehouse, the cableway is arranged at a groove position of the track, and the cableway is connected to the bottom of the material transfer trolley, so that the material transfer trolley moves along the track under the traction of the cableway; The power generation subsystem is used to control the running speed of the material transfer vehicle to convert electrical energy into gravitational potential energy and recover kinetic energy; The storage subsystem includes a stacking bin, stacking pieces, a conveyor belt and a picking mechanical claw, which is used to load and unload heavy blocks through the picking mechanical claw when the material transfer vehicle arrives at the storage stacking area, and to store and retrieve the heavy blocks through the conveyor belt and the stacking piece.

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