Method for improving hatching egg hatching effect of broiler breeders in later egg laying period

Abstract

The invention belongs to the field of livestock and poultry breeding, and discloses a method for improving the hatching effect of broiler breeder hatching eggs in the later egg laying period. The broiler breeders in the later egg laying period are 45-52 weeks old, the hatching rate of the broiler breeders can be increased by adding 25 (OH) D3 synthesized through a biological method into daily ration of the broiler breeders in the later egg laying period, organ development of chick embryos and newborn chicks is promoted by increasing the content of 25 (OH) D3 in egg yolk and serum of the newborn chicks, the quality of the newborn chicks is improved, and the laying rate of the broiler breeders is increased. The hatching effect of broiler breeder hatching eggs in the later egg laying period is comprehensively improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention belongs to the field of livestock and poultry breeding, and in particular relates to a feed technology for improving the hatching effect of broiler breeder eggs in the late egg-laying period. Background Art

[0002] The hatching quality of breeding eggs is the key to ensure the stable development of the broiler industry. The hatching quality, such as the hatching rate and the quality of newborn chicks, directly affects the economic benefits of breeder farms and hatcheries. In the process of modern breeding, as the egg-laying cycle is prolonged, the reproductive function declines. At the same time, affected by the health of the breeders, the absorption and metabolism capacity of the breeders for nutrients in the feed decreases. In the later period of egg-laying, broiler breeders are more likely to have problems such as decreased egg quality and decreased hatching rate. Since the nutrients required for the growth and development of chicken embryos are completely dependent on breeding eggs, the maternal nutrition of breeders can regulate the growth and health of offspring chicks through the deposition of nutrients in the breeding eggs. Therefore, by adjusting the maternal nutrition of breeders in the later period of egg-laying, improving the nutritional status of breeding eggs, and improving the hatching rate of breeding eggs and the health of offspring newborn chicks, it is of great significance to improve the economic benefits of breeder farms and promote the sustainable development of broiler breeding industry.

[0003] 25(OH)D3 is a secondary metabolite of vitamin D3 (VD3). It plays an important role in improving the reproductive performance of breeder chickens and improving the application of chicks. It has broad application prospects in livestock and poultry production. At present, the industrial production of 25(OH)D3 is mainly through chemical synthesis and biosynthesis. The process of chemical synthesis of 25(OH)D3 is very complicated, requiring multi-step hydroxyl and olefin protection operations. The chemical reaction process is long, the synthesis efficiency is relatively low, the raw material consumption and by-product content are high, and the product needs to be further purified. Biosynthesis mainly refers to the production of oxidoreductase system obtained by chassis cell fermentation with VD3 as raw material through enzyme-catalyzed chemical process. First, an engineered bacterium expressing VD3 hydroxylase is constructed, and then the electron transport chain of the oxidoreductase is optimized and the fermentation conditions of the engineered bacterium are optimized. Compared with chemical synthesis, it has the advantages of high reaction specificity, high product recovery rate and less impurities. At present, there is no research on the application effect of 25(OH)D3 synthesized by biosynthesis in the production of parent generation Ward 188 broiler breeders. Summary of the invention

[0004] The present invention aims to solve the problem of decreased hatching rate and chick quality in the late egg-laying period of fast-growing white-feathered broiler breeders, and to provide a feed technology for improving the hatching effect of broiler breeder eggs in the late egg-laying period, that is, by adding 25(OH)D3 produced by a novel biosynthetic method into the diet of breeder hens in the late egg-laying period, the hatching rate of broiler breeder eggs is improved, while the quality of chicks is improved by promoting the development of chicken embryo organs, thereby comprehensively improving the hatching effect of breeder chicken production enterprises.

[0005] To achieve the above object, the present invention provides the following technical solutions: A biosynthesized 25(OH)D3 is added to the feed of broiler breeders in the late egg-laying period. By feeding the broiler breeders in the late egg-laying period with the biosynthesized 25(OH)D3, the hatchability of the broiler breeders can be improved, the development of the chicken embryos can be promoted, and the quality of the chicks can be improved. In addition, the present invention also provides a complete formula feed suitable for broiler breeders aged 44-51 weeks, wherein the formula feed contains 87.5 μg / kg of biosynthesized 25(OH)D3.

[0006] The beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows: The present invention adds 25(OH)D3 produced by a biosynthetic method, namely Hydroxyvicon, to the diet of breeder hens in the late egg-laying period, thereby significantly improving the hatching rate of the breeding eggs of broiler breeder hens. The present invention adds Hydroxyvicon to the diet of breeder hens in the late egg-laying period, which can improve the organ index of chicken embryos at 13 embryonic ages, and at the same time improve the liver index and breast muscle index of newborn chicks. Hydroxyvicon can more effectively increase the concentration of 25(OH)D3 in egg yolks and breeding eggs than VD3, and improve the quality of newborn chicks.

[0007] Among them, the 25(OH)D3 product used in the present invention is 1.25% Hydroxyvicon, which is obtained by biosynthesis. Compared with the 25(OH)D3 product produced by chemical method with a 25(OH)D3 content of 1.25% sold on the market, Hydroxyvicon contains fewer impurities. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0008] Figure 1 , Hydroxyvicon 1.25% (25(OH)D3) production process flow chart.

[0009] Figure 2 , absorption peak diagram of Hydroxyvicon and chemical synthesis 25(OH)D3 products. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0010] The following examples are used to illustrate the present invention but are not intended to limit the scope of the present invention.

[0011] The 25(OH)D3 used in the embodiments of the present invention is all 25(OH)D3 derived from biological synthesis. The commercial name of the product is Hydroxyvicon. The effective content of 25(OH)D3 is 1.25%. It is produced and provided by Kynge Biotechnology (Yichang) Co., Ltd.

[0012] Its main synthesis route is: express the target gene into one of Pichia pastoris / Saccharomyces lipolytica / Saccharomyces cerevisiae, produce 25-hydroxylase by inducing fermentation, and obtain the target enzyme by breaking the cell wall or other separation methods. Use the obtained hydroxylase to catalyze VD3 under certain conditions to generate 25(OH)D3. After separation and coating, spray drying is performed to obtain a uniform and stable product. The relevant process diagram is as follows Figure 1 shown.

[0013] Preliminary analysis by HPLC-MS / MS showed that compared with the 25(OH)D3 product produced by the chemical method with a 25(OH)D3 content of 1.25% sold on the market, Hydroxyvicon 1.25% had fewer impurities. Figure 2 shown.

[0014] Example 1. Statistics of egg-laying performance and reproductive performance of broiler breeders 480 healthy Ward 188 parent broiler breeders aged 41 weeks were selected and divided into three treatment groups: Low-dose VD3 group (300 VD): basal diet + 300 IU / kg VD3; Normal dose VD3 group (3500V): basic diet + 3500IU / kg VD3; Bio25VD: Basic diet + 87.5μg / kg 25(OH)D3 from biosynthesis (calculated based on the effective content of 25(OH)D3), i.e. basic diet + 7g / ton of HydroxyViacon 1.25%. The biological 25(OH)D3 product used was HydroxyViacon 1.25%, with an effective content of 25(OH)D3 of 1.25%, produced and provided by Kynge Biotechnology (Yichang) Co., Ltd.

[0015] There were 8 replicates in each group, with 20 chickens in each replicate. The chickens were fed a corn-soybean meal-based basal diet without vitamin D3 for 3 weeks, and the formal test period was 7 weeks. A restricted feeding program was adopted, free drinking water was provided, and daily production management was carried out in accordance with commercial production management standards. The nutritional standards of the basic diet formula were designed according to the nutritional requirements of the breed. The specific formula is shown in Table 1.

[0016] Table 1. Basic diet formula for breeder hens

[0017] Note: Vitamin premix provides per kilogram of diet: Vitamin A: 12000 IU, Vitamin E: 100 mg, Vitamin K3: 6 mg, Vitamin B1: 3 mg, Vitamin B2: 13 mg, Folic acid: 3 mg, Calcium pantothenate: 20 mg, Niacin: 50 mg, Vitamin B6: 6 mg, Vitamin B12, 0.035 mg, Biotin: 0.3 mg.

[0018] Breeding eggs were collected, counted and weighed daily according to the replicates, and the production performance of the breeder chickens was counted. Breeding eggs were collected at the end of the 4th and 7th weeks of the trial period to test the egg quality. The hatching parameters were counted during the incubation process. The specific indicators are as follows: Breeder chicken production performance: The egg production rate, average egg weight, feed intake, feed-egg ratio, egg breakage rate, and mortality rate of each group during the trial period were counted in replicates.

[0019] Egg quality: At the end of the 4th and 7th weeks of the trial period, 8 eggs were collected from each replicate, and the egg shape index was tested with a vernier caliper. The albumen height, Haugh unit, eggshell strength, yolk ratio, and yolk color were tested with an automatic egg quality tester. The yolk and eggshell were separated, and the yolk and eggshell ratio was calculated. The eggshell thickness was measured with a micrometer, that is, the eggshell thickness was measured at the tip, middle, and blunt end of the egg, and the average value was taken.

[0020] Incubation parameters: record the number of eggs incubated, the weight of eggs incubated, the number of unfertilized eggs, the number of eggs with dead embryos, and the shell weight; calculate the fertilization rate, the hatching rate of incubated eggs, and the shell weight / egg weight The results of the study are as follows: 1. Effect of 25(OH)D3 on egg-laying performance of broiler breeders As shown in Table 2, adding 3500 IU / kg of VD3 to the breeder hen diet significantly increased the egg production rate of the breeder hens and significantly reduced the feed-egg ratio ( P <0.05), and the addition of biological 25(OH)D3 alone had no significant effect on improving the production performance of breeding hens.

[0021] Table 2. Production performance of breeder hens during the experimental period of 0-7 weeks

[0022] Note: n=8, different letters in the same column indicate significant differences ( P < 0.05).

[0023] As shown in Table 3, the addition of Hydroxyvicon to the breeder diet had no significant effect on the egg quality indexes at the end of the fourth week of the experimental period. As shown in Table 4, the addition of Hydroxyvicon alone to the breeder diet had no effect on improving the egg quality of the breeder eggs at the end of the seventh week of the experimental period.

[0024] Table 3. Egg quality at the end of the fourth week of the trial period

[0025] Note: n=8, different letters in the same column indicate significant differences ( P < 0.05) Table 4. Egg quality at the end of the 7th week of the trial period

[0026] Note: n=8, different letters in the same column indicate significant differences ( P < 0.05) 2. Effect of 25(OH)D3 on hatching parameters of eggs As shown in Table 5, compared with the control, the addition of Hydroxyvicon to the breeder diet significantly increased the hatchability of incubated eggs ( P<0.05), but had no significant effect on chick weight and fertilization rate.

[0027] Table 5. Reproductive performance and hatching parameters of breeder hens during the experimental period

[0028] Note: n=8, different letters in the same column indicate significant differences ( P < 0.05) Example 2: Statistics of developmental parameters of chicken embryos and newborn chicks

[0029] For hatched eggs and hatched chicks, 25(OH)D3 content was tested, and eight live chicken embryos or newborn chicks were selected for each treatment at 13, 18 embryonic ages and after hatching, and developmental parameters of the chick embryos were measured. The detection indexes measured the embryo length, and the liver weight, chicken embryo weight, breast muscle weight, and leg muscle weight were weighed to calculate the development-related parameters.

[0030] The test results are as follows: As shown in Table 6, compared with the control group and VD3 group, the addition of hydroxyvicon significantly increased the 25(OH)D3 content in the yolk and serum of newborn chicks. As shown in Table 7, the addition of VD3 or hydroxyvicon to the breeder diet can increase the breast muscle rate of 13-year-old chicken embryos ( P <0.05). And the breast muscle rate of the hydroxy-vitamin group was the highest. As shown in Table 8, the addition of VD3 or hydroxy-vitamin to the breeder diet had no significant effect on the developmental parameters of the 18-embryo. As shown in Table 9, the addition of VD3 or hydroxy-vitamin to the breeder diet can increase the breast muscle rate of newborn chicks. The addition of hydroxy-vitamin to the breeder diet has a tendency to increase the liver index of newborn chicks ( P < 0.1). The above data can comprehensively show that the addition of hydroxyvitamin to the diet of breeder chickens can promote the organ development of chicken embryos and newborn chicks, and that hydroxyvitamin can significantly increase the 25(OH)D3 content in egg yolk and chick serum compared with VD3. Hydroxyvitamin can improve the hatchability of breeding eggs and improve the quality of chicks through the above mechanism.

[0031] Table 5 25(OH)D3 content in egg yolk and serum of newborn chicks

[0032] Note: Egg yolk n=4, chicken serum n=7, different letters in the same column indicate significant differences ( P < 0.05).

[0033] Table 6. Development parameters of chicken embryos at 13 embryonic ages (%)

[0034] Note: n=8, different letters in the same column indicate significant differences ( P < 0.05).

[0035] Table 7. Developmental parameters of chicken embryos at 18 embryonic ages (%)

[0036] Note: n=8, different letters in the same column indicate significant differences ( P < 0.05).

[0037] Table 8. Relative body length, relative shank length and organ index of offspring chicks (%)

[0038] Note: n=8, different letters in the same column indicate significant differences ( P < 0.05).

Claims

1. A method for improving the hatching effect of broiler breeder eggs in the late egg-laying period, characterized in that: Adding 25(OH)D3 derived from biosynthesis, namely HydroxyVicon 1.25%, to the diet of broiler breeders in the late egg-laying period can replace vitamin D3 and improve the hatching effect of breeding eggs.

2. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that The improvement of the hatching effect of the breeding eggs refers to promoting the organ development of chicken embryos and newborn chicks and improving the quality of newborn chicks by increasing the 25(OH)D3 content in egg yolk and serum of newborn chicks.

3. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that The late egg-laying broiler breeder chickens refer to Ward 188 parent-generation broiler breeder chickens of 45-52 weeks of age.

4. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that The amount of 25(OH)D3 from biosynthetic sources added to the diet of broiler breeders in the late egg-laying period is 80-95 μg, or 85-90 μg, but specifically 87-88 μg.

5. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that The biosynthetic source of 25(OH)D3 is hydroxyvicon.

6. Application of 25(OH)D3 derived from biosynthesis to improve the hatching effect of broiler breeder eggs in the late egg-laying period.

7. The use according to claim 6, characterized in that The improving the hatching effect of the breeding eggs refers to promoting the organ development of chicken embryos and newborn chicks, and improving the quality of newborn chicks.

8. The use according to claim 6, characterized in that The late egg-laying broiler breeder chickens refer to Ward 188 parent-generation broiler breeder chickens of 45-52 weeks of age.

9. The use according to claim 6, characterized in that The biosynthetic source of 25(OH)D3 is hydroxyvicon.

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