A rapid anesthetic concentration adjustment device and an adjustment method thereof

Abstract

The present invention provides a device for quickly adjusting anesthesia concentration and a method for adjusting the same, belonging to the technical field of medical devices. The device for quickly adjusting anesthesia concentration and a method for adjusting the same comprise a gas concentration detector, a first standard flowmeter, a mixing adjustment device, an anesthesia pipeline to be tested, a separation device, a second standard flowmeter and a patient port which are connected in sequence, wherein the gas concentration detector is connected to an anesthesia gas input pipeline and is used to obtain an anesthesia gas concentration waveform and to monitor and calibrate the gas concentration waveform in real time, the first standard flowmeter is used to measure the calibrated gas flow rate and obtain a first flow value; the mixing adjustment device is used to generate a dilution gas and mix the calibrated anesthesia gas, and the anesthesia pipeline to be tested transports the mixed gas to obtain a concentration value to be tested; the present invention can solve the problem that the anesthetic gas concentration cannot be quickly and accurately adjusted.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention belongs to the technical field of medical instruments, and in particular, relates to a device for quickly adjusting anesthesia concentration and a method for adjusting the same. Background Art

[0002] Precise control of anesthetic gas concentration is one of the key technologies in modern surgical anesthesia. In clinical anesthesia practice, the accuracy of anesthetic gas concentration is directly related to patient safety and surgical effect. At present, the commonly used anesthesia delivery systems in clinical practice mainly include vaporizer control systems, electronic flow control systems, and computer-aided control systems. The traditional vaporizer control system adopts the mechanical partial pressure principle to control the anesthetic gas concentration by adjusting the bypass airflow ratio, but its response speed is slow, the accuracy is low, and it is easily affected by factors such as ambient temperature and pressure. Although the electronic flow control system has improved in response speed and control accuracy, it is still difficult to achieve rapid and accurate adjustment of anesthetic gas concentration in complex surgical environments due to factors such as changes in patient breathing patterns and interference with surgical operations.

[0003] In recent years, with the continuous development of surgical technology, new surgical methods such as minimally invasive surgery and robot-assisted surgery have put forward higher requirements for anesthesia depth control. Especially in fast-track anesthesia and day surgery, it is necessary to ensure the quality of the operation while ensuring the rapid awakening and recovery of patients. Traditional anesthesia systems show obvious shortcomings in such scenarios: First, the existing technology is difficult to accurately predict and compensate for the concentration attenuation of anesthetic gases during the delivery process, resulting in a significant deviation between the actual anesthetic gas concentration delivered to the patient's airway and the set value; secondly, when the anesthesia depth needs to be adjusted quickly, the adjustment response of the existing system often lags behind clinical needs, increasing the risk of intraoperative awareness; in addition, the existing technology lacks the ability to dynamically predict and actively adjust the changes in anesthetic gas concentration, and it is difficult to adapt to various emergencies during surgery.

[0004] It is particularly noteworthy that during delicate surgical operations, surgeons need patients to maintain a stable depth of anesthesia, but existing technologies have large fluctuations in maintaining stable anesthesia depth, which not only affects the accuracy of surgical operations, but may also cause stress reactions in patients. Clinical research data show that the concentration control error of traditional anesthesia systems is usually above ±15%, and the adjustment time often exceeds 90 seconds, which is far from the requirements of modern precision medicine. Summary of the invention

[0005] In view of this, the present invention provides an anesthetic concentration rapid adjustment device and an adjustment method thereof, which can solve the problem that the anesthetic gas concentration cannot be adjusted rapidly and accurately.

[0006] The present invention is achieved in that:

[0007] The present invention provides an anesthetic concentration rapid adjustment device and an adjustment method thereof, wherein the device comprises a gas concentration detector, a first standard flow meter, a mixing adjustment device, an anesthetic pipeline to be tested, a separation device, a second standard flow meter and a patient port connected in sequence, wherein the gas concentration detector is connected to the anesthetic gas input pipeline, and is used to obtain the anesthetic gas concentration waveform and to monitor and calibrate the gas concentration waveform in real time; the first standard flow meter is used to measure the calibrated gas flow to obtain a first flow value; the mixing adjustment device is used to generate a dilution gas and mix the calibrated anesthetic gas; the anesthetic pipeline to be tested transports the mixed gas to obtain a concentration value to be tested; the separation device is opposite to the mixing adjustment device, and is used to separate the dilution gas in the gas mixture; the second standard flow meter is used to flow the separated anesthetic gas The method comprises the steps of: measuring the amount of anesthetic gas to obtain a second flow value; the patient port is an output end for receiving the anesthetic gas; and further comprising an intelligent control chip for analyzing the deviation of the anesthetic concentration; the intelligent control chip is electrically connected to the first standard flow meter, the mixing adjustment device, the anesthetic pipeline to be tested, the separation device and the second standard flow meter; an anesthetic concentration deviation analysis module is arranged in the intelligent control chip; the anesthetic concentration deviation analysis module adopts a deviation calculation equation to calculate the anesthetic concentration deviation; the deviation calculation equation is used to calculate the concentration deviation of the anesthetic gas in the delivery process in real time; the equation inputs include the first flow value, the second flow value, the concentration value to be tested, the pressure value and the rate of change of the concentration to be tested; the output is the real-time deviation value of the anesthetic concentration; the deviation value is used to guide the mixing adjustment device to adjust the dilution gas ratio in real time to achieve precise control of the anesthetic concentration.

[0008] The technical effects of a rapid anesthetic concentration adjustment device and an adjustment method thereof provided by the present invention are as follows: First, in terms of concentration control accuracy, the present invention adopts multi-dimensional gas concentration detection technology, combined with the coordinated work of infrared spectrum sensors, electrochemical sensors and pressure sensors, to achieve high-precision real-time monitoring of anesthetic gas concentration. Through experimental verification, the concentration control error of the present invention can be controlled within ±5%, which improves the accuracy by more than 66% compared with the prior art. In particular, the deviation calculation equation integrated in the intelligent control chip can calculate and compensate for the concentration deviation in the delivery process in real time, ensuring that the anesthetic gas concentration actually received by the patient is highly consistent with the set value.

[0009] Secondly, in terms of adjustment response speed, the hybrid adjustment device of the present invention adopts an innovative multi-point injection structure and spiral turbulence design, combined with a high-performance control algorithm, to shorten the concentration adjustment response time to less than 30 seconds, which is 67% faster than the traditional system. This breakthrough allows anesthesiologists to adjust the depth of anesthesia more quickly, effectively reducing surgical risks.

[0010] Thirdly, the present invention has made significant progress in system stability. By using corrosion-resistant stainless steel materials and special anti-corrosion coatings, combined with precision processing of medical-grade polymer materials, the stability and reliability of the system during long-term use are ensured. In particular, the bellows structure design used in the anesthesia pipeline to be tested not only ensures airtightness, but also provides good flexibility, which is convenient for clinical operation.

[0011] In addition, the present invention also has intelligent and humanized features. The device adopts a 32-bit high-performance microcontroller, realizes high-speed data acquisition and processing through the RS485 bus, and the sampling frequency reaches 100Hz, which can timely capture and respond to small changes in the anesthesia process. At the same time, the whole machine adopts a humanized design, weighs only 2.5kg, and has functions such as splashproof and anti-static, meeting the strict requirements of medical equipment.

[0012] Most importantly, the present invention achieves precise control of anesthetic concentration through systematic technological innovation, providing reliable technical support for precision medicine. In clinical applications, the present invention significantly improves the safety and controllability of surgical anesthesia, and provides a strong guarantee for modern medical models such as fast-track anesthesia and day surgery.

[0013] On the basis of the above technical solution, the device for quickly adjusting the anesthetic concentration and the adjustment method thereof of the present invention can also be improved as follows:

[0014] Among them, the deviation calculation equation is specifically: ΔC=α(Q1 / Q2)C1+β(V / Q2)dC1 / dt+γ(P / P0)C1; wherein, ΔC is the anesthetic concentration deviation value, Q1 is the first flow value, Q2 is the second flow value, C1 is the concentration value to be measured, V is the volume of the anesthesia pipeline to be measured, P is the current pressure value, and P0 is the standard atmospheric pressure; α, β, and γ are correction coefficients, wherein the range of α is 0.8-1.2, the range of β is 0.05-0.15, and the range of γ is 0.9-1.1; dC1 / dt is the rate of change of the concentration to be measured.

[0015] Furthermore, the gas concentration detector includes a columnar detection cavity, which is made of corrosion-resistant stainless steel material and has an anti-corrosion coating on its inner wall; an air inlet is provided at one end of the detection cavity and an air outlet is provided at the other end, and the air inlet is connected to an anesthetic gas input pipeline; a gas concentration sensor array is provided in the detection cavity, including an infrared spectrum sensor, an electrochemical sensor and a pressure sensor, for realizing multi-dimensional gas concentration detection.

[0016] Furthermore, both the first standard flowmeter and the second standard flowmeter adopt a thermal mass flowmeter structure, including a U-shaped measuring tube, a heater and a temperature sensor; the U-shaped measuring tube is made of platinum-rhodium alloy, with an inner diameter of 2-5mm and a wall thickness of 0.2-0.5mm; the heater is arranged in the middle of the U-shaped measuring tube, and the temperature sensor is respectively arranged upstream and downstream of the heater, for detecting the temperature difference generated when the gas flows through the U-shaped measuring tube, and then calculating the gas flow.

[0017] Furthermore, the mixing and adjusting device includes a cylindrical mixing chamber, which is made of medical-grade polymer material, has an inner diameter of 20-30 mm and a length of 100-150 mm; the mixing chamber is evenly distributed with a plurality of dilution gas injection ports in the circumference thereof, and the diameter of the injection ports is 0.5-1 mm; a spiral spoiler is provided in the mixing chamber to enhance the gas mixing effect.

[0018] Furthermore, the anesthesia pipeline to be tested is made of medical-grade polytetrafluoroethylene material, has a corrugated tube structure, and the inner wall smoothness Ra≤0.8μm; the inner diameter of the anesthesia pipeline to be tested is 8-12mm, the wall thickness is 1-2mm, and it has good flexibility and airtightness.

[0019] Furthermore, the separation device comprises a porous membrane separation unit, the porous membrane is made of polysulfone material, and the pore size is 0.01-0.1 μm; the separation unit has a honeycomb structure, and the effective separation area is not less than 1000 cm 2 , which can achieve efficient separation of dilution gas.

[0020] Furthermore, the patient port is made of disposable medical silicone material, including a conical connector and a sealing ring; the conical connector has a taper of 1:20 and an outer diameter of 15-22 mm; the sealing ring adopts a double-layer structure design to ensure the connection sealing.

[0021] Furthermore, the intelligent control chip adopts a 32-bit microcontroller with an ARM Cortex-M4 core, with a main frequency of not less than 180MHz, and has a built-in flash memory of not less than 512KB and a 128KB RAM; the intelligent control chip communicates with various sensors and actuators through an RS485 bus, and the sampling frequency is not less than 100Hz.

[0022] Furthermore, the shell of the entire device is made of ABS engineering plastic, which has an impact resistance and splash resistance level of IPX4; the surface of the shell is anti-static treated and has an anti-slip texture; the overall size of the device does not exceed 300mm×200mm×150mm, and the weight does not exceed 2.5kg.

[0023] Compared with the prior art, the invention provides a device for quickly adjusting anesthesia concentration and a method for adjusting anesthesia concentration, which has the following beneficial effects:

[0024] First, in terms of concentration control accuracy, the present invention adopts multi-dimensional gas concentration detection technology, combined with the coordinated work of infrared spectrum sensors, electrochemical sensors and pressure sensors, to achieve high-precision real-time monitoring of anesthetic gas concentration. Through experimental verification, the concentration control error of the present invention can be controlled within ±5%, which improves the accuracy by more than 66% compared with the prior art. In particular, the deviation calculation equation integrated in the intelligent control chip can calculate and compensate for the concentration deviation in the delivery process in real time, ensuring that the anesthetic gas concentration actually received by the patient is highly consistent with the set value.

[0025] Secondly, in terms of adjustment response speed, the hybrid adjustment device of the present invention adopts an innovative multi-point injection structure and spiral turbulence design, combined with a high-performance control algorithm, to shorten the concentration adjustment response time to less than 30 seconds, which is 67% faster than the traditional system. This breakthrough allows anesthesiologists to adjust the depth of anesthesia more quickly, effectively reducing surgical risks.

[0026] Thirdly, the present invention has made significant progress in system stability. By using corrosion-resistant stainless steel materials and special anti-corrosion coatings, combined with precision processing of medical-grade polymer materials, the stability and reliability of the system during long-term use are ensured. In particular, the bellows structure design used in the anesthesia pipeline to be tested not only ensures airtightness, but also provides good flexibility, which is convenient for clinical operation.

[0027] In addition, the present invention also has intelligent and humanized features. The device adopts a 32-bit high-performance microcontroller, realizes high-speed data acquisition and processing through the RS485 bus, and the sampling frequency reaches 100Hz, which can timely capture and respond to small changes in the anesthesia process. At the same time, the whole machine adopts a humanized design, weighs only 2.5kg, and has functions such as splashproof and anti-static, meeting the strict requirements of medical equipment.

[0028] Most importantly, the present invention achieves precise control of anesthetic concentration through systematic technological innovation, providing reliable technical support for precision medicine. In clinical applications, the present invention significantly improves the safety and controllability of surgical anesthesia, and provides a strong guarantee for modern medical models such as fast-track anesthesia and day surgery. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0029] Figure 1 It is a structural schematic diagram of a device for quickly adjusting anesthesia concentration;

[0030] In the accompanying drawings, the components represented by the reference numerals are listed as follows:

[0031] 10. Gas concentration detector; 11. Detection cavity; 12. Air inlet; 13. Air outlet; 14. Gas concentration sensor array; 20. First standard flow meter; 30. Mixing adjustment device; 31. Mixing cavity; 32. Injection port; 40. Anesthesia pipeline to be tested; 50. Separation device; 60. Second standard flow meter; 70. Patient port; 80. Anesthesia gas input pipeline. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0032] In order to make the purpose, technical solution and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention more clear, the technical solution in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present invention.

[0033] like Figure 1 As shown in the figure, an embodiment of an anesthetic concentration rapid adjustment device and an adjustment method thereof provided by the present invention is provided. In this embodiment, it includes a gas concentration detector 10, a first standard flow meter 20, a mixing adjustment device 30, an anesthetic pipeline to be tested 40, a separation device 50, a second standard flow meter 60 and a patient port 70 connected in sequence, wherein the gas concentration detector is connected to the anesthetic gas input pipeline 80, and is used to obtain the anesthetic gas concentration waveform and to monitor and calibrate the gas concentration waveform in real time; the first standard flow meter is used to measure the calibrated gas flow to obtain a first flow value; the mixing adjustment device is used to generate a dilution gas and mix the calibrated anesthetic gas, and the anesthetic pipeline to be tested transports the mixed gas to obtain a concentration value to be tested; the separation device is opposite to the mixing adjustment device, and is used to separate the dilution gas in the gas mixture; the second ... used to separate the dilution gas in the gas mixture; the second standard flow meter is used to measure the calibrated gas flow to obtain a first flow value; the mixing adjustment device is used to generate a dilution gas and mix the calibrated anesthetic gas, and the anesthetic pipeline to be tested transports the mixed gas to obtain a concentration value to be tested; the separation device is used to separate the dilution gas The quasi-flowmeter is used to measure the flow of the separated anesthetic gas to obtain a second flow value; the patient port is an output end for receiving the anesthetic gas; it also includes an intelligent control chip for analyzing the deviation of the anesthetic concentration; the intelligent control chip is electrically connected to the first standard flowmeter, the mixing adjustment device, the anesthetic pipeline to be tested, the separation device and the second standard flowmeter, and an anesthetic concentration deviation analysis module is provided in the intelligent control chip. The anesthetic concentration deviation analysis module uses a deviation calculation equation to calculate the anesthetic concentration deviation. The deviation calculation equation is used to calculate the concentration deviation of the anesthetic gas in the delivery process in real time. The equation input includes the first flow value, the second flow value, the concentration value to be tested, the pressure value and the change rate of the concentration to be tested, and the output is the real-time deviation value of the anesthetic concentration; the deviation value is used to guide the mixing adjustment device to adjust the dilution gas ratio in real time to achieve precise control of the anesthetic concentration.

[0034] Among them, in the above technical solution, the deviation calculation equation is specifically: ΔC=α(Q1 / Q2)C1+β(V / Q2)dC1 / dt+γ(P / P0)C1; wherein, ΔC is the anesthetic concentration deviation value, Q1 is the first flow value, Q2 is the second flow value, C1 is the concentration value to be measured, V is the volume of the anesthesia pipeline to be measured, P is the current pressure value, and P0 is the standard atmospheric pressure; α, β, and γ are correction coefficients, wherein α ranges from 0.8 to 1.2, β ranges from 0.05 to 0.15, and γ ranges from 0.9 to 1.1; dC1 / dt is the rate of change of the concentration to be measured.

[0035] Furthermore, in the above technical solution, the gas concentration detector includes a columnar detection cavity 11, which is made of corrosion-resistant stainless steel material and has an anti-corrosion coating on its inner wall; an air inlet 12 is provided at one end of the detection cavity and an air outlet 13 is provided at the other end, and the air inlet is connected to the anesthetic gas input pipeline 80; a gas concentration sensor array 14 is provided in the detection cavity, including an infrared spectrum sensor, an electrochemical sensor and a pressure sensor, for realizing multi-dimensional gas concentration detection.

[0036] Furthermore, in the above technical scheme, both the first standard flowmeter and the second standard flowmeter adopt a thermal mass flowmeter structure, including a U-shaped measuring tube, a heater and a temperature sensor; the U-shaped measuring tube is made of platinum-rhodium alloy, with an inner diameter of 2-5mm and a wall thickness of 0.2-0.5mm; the heater is arranged in the middle of the U-shaped measuring tube, and the temperature sensors are respectively arranged upstream and downstream of the heater, for detecting the temperature difference generated when the gas flows through the U-shaped measuring tube, and then calculating the gas flow rate.

[0037] Furthermore, in the above technical solution, the mixing and regulating device includes a cylindrical mixing chamber 31, which is made of medical-grade polymer material, has an inner diameter of 20-30 mm, and a length of 100-150 mm; a plurality of dilution gas injection ports 32 are evenly distributed around the mixing chamber, and the diameter of the injection port is 0.5-1 mm; a spiral spoiler is provided in the mixing chamber to enhance the gas mixing effect.

[0038] Furthermore, in the above technical solution, the anesthesia pipeline to be tested is made of medical-grade polytetrafluoroethylene material, has a corrugated tube structure, and the inner wall smoothness Ra≤0.8μm; the inner diameter of the anesthesia pipeline to be tested is 8-12mm, the wall thickness is 1-2mm, and it has good flexibility and airtightness.

[0039] Furthermore, in the above technical solution, the separation device includes a porous membrane separation unit, the porous membrane is made of polysulfone material, and the pore size is 0.01-0.1 μm; the separation unit has a honeycomb structure, and the effective separation area is not less than 1000 cm 2 , which can achieve efficient separation of dilution gas.

[0040] Furthermore, in the above technical solution, the patient port is made of disposable medical silicone material, including a conical connector and a sealing ring; the taper of the conical connector is 1:20, and the outer diameter is 15-22mm; the sealing ring adopts a double-layer structure design to ensure the connection sealing.

[0041] Furthermore, in the above technical solution, the intelligent control chip adopts a 32-bit microcontroller with an ARM Cortex-M4 core, with a main frequency of not less than 180MHz, and built-in not less than 512KB Flash memory and 128KB RAM; the intelligent control chip communicates with various sensors and actuators through an RS485 bus, and the sampling frequency is not less than 100Hz.

[0042] Furthermore, in the above technical solution, the shell of the entire device is made of ABS engineering plastic, which has an impact resistance and splash resistance level of IPX4; the surface of the shell is anti-static treated and has an anti-slip texture; the overall size of the device does not exceed 300mm×200mm×150mm, and the weight does not exceed 2.5kg.

[0043] 1. Gas concentration detector structure: The gas concentration detector adopts a columnar detection cavity design with a cavity length of 120mm and an inner diameter of 25mm. The cavity is made of 316L medical grade stainless steel, and the inner wall is specially polished with a surface roughness Ra≤0.4μm, and coated with an anti-corrosion fluorocarbon coating with a thickness of 15-20μm. A sensor array consisting of an infrared spectrum sensor (model: NDIR-2000), an electrochemical sensor (model: EC-100) and a pressure sensor (model: MPX5700) is set in the detection cavity. The measurement range of the infrared spectrum sensor is 0-15% and the resolution is 0.1%; the response time of the electrochemical sensor is less than 1 second; the measurement range of the pressure sensor is 0-700kPa and the accuracy is ±0.25%.

[0044] 2. Structure of the first standard flowmeter and the second standard flowmeter: Both standard flowmeters adopt the structure of thermal mass flowmeter. The measuring tube is made of platinum-rhodium alloy (Pt90Rh10) with an inner diameter of 3mm and a wall thickness of 0.3mm. The heater is wound with nickel-chromium alloy wire, with a power of 5W and an operating temperature controlled at 60±0.5℃. The temperature sensor adopts PT100 platinum resistance with an accuracy of Class A and a temperature measurement range of -50~200℃. The measurement range of the flowmeter is 0-10L / min with an accuracy of ±1% of the reading.

[0045] 3. Mixing and regulating device structure: The main body of the mixing and regulating device is a cylindrical mixing chamber, which is injection molded with medical-grade PC (polycarbonate) material, with an inner diameter of 25mm and a length of 120mm. There are 12 dilution gas injection ports evenly distributed around the mixing chamber, with a diameter of 0.8mm and an angle of 45 degrees with the axial direction. Three layers of spiral spoilers are set in the cavity with a pitch of 30mm to enhance the gas mixing effect. The working pressure range of the mixing chamber is 0-300kPa, and the maximum flow rate is 15L / min.

[0046] 4. Structure of the anesthesia pipeline to be tested: The anesthesia pipeline to be tested is made of medical-grade PTFE material and has a corrugated tube structure. The inner diameter is 10mm, the wall thickness is 1.5mm, and the inner wall smoothness is Ra≤0.8μm. The wave height of the corrugated structure is 2mm, and the wave distance is 4mm, providing good flexibility. The two ends of the pipeline are connected with standard 22mm conical joints, and the sealing ring is made of nitrile rubber. The operating temperature range of the pipeline is 15-40℃, and the pressure resistance is not less than 400kPa.

[0047] 5. Separation device structure: The separation device adopts hollow fiber membrane module design. The membrane material is polysulfone (PSF), with a fiber inner diameter of 0.5mm, a wall thickness of 0.1mm, and a pore size of 0.05μm. 2000 hollow fibers are loaded in the module, and the effective membrane area is 1200cm 2 The shell is made of transparent PC material, which is convenient for observing the operating status. The operating pressure range is 0-200kPa, and the separation efficiency is ≥99%.

[0048] 6. Patient port structure: The patient port is made of disposable medical silicone material (hardness: 50±5 Shore A). It includes a conical connector (taper 1:20, outer diameter 22mm) and a double-layer sealing ring. The outer sealing ring has a diameter of 25mm and the inner sealing ring has a diameter of 23mm, which can provide double sealing protection. The connection strength is not less than 50N, and the sealing pressure can reach 300kPa.

[0049] 7. Intelligent control system structure: The intelligent control system uses a 32-bit ARM Cortex-M4 core microcontroller (main frequency 180MHz, 512KB Flash, 128KB RAM) as the core processor. It is equipped with a 5-inch TFT touch screen (resolution 800×480) to display real-time monitoring data and system status. The control system specifically includes the following functional modules:

[0050] (1) Data acquisition module: 24-bit ADC is used for data acquisition, with a sampling frequency of 100Hz. The signal conditioning circuit adopts a dual op amp structure with overvoltage protection and EMC protection functions. The acquisition accuracy of analog signals is better than 0.1%, and the jitter delay of digital signals is less than 1ms.

[0051] (2) Communication interface module: equipped with RS485 interface (baud rate 115200bps) for communication with various sensors; USB interface for data export and system upgrade; reserved CAN interface for external device expansion. The communication protocol adopts Modbus-RTU with CRC check function.

[0052] 8. Specific implementation of the anesthetic concentration deviation analysis module The deviation analysis module is implemented based on the following steps:

[0053] (1) Parameter acquisition: The current pressure value P is collected in real time through the pressure sensor. The sampling frequency is 100 Hz. The concentration value C1 to be measured is obtained through the gas concentration detector. The update frequency is 10 Hz to calculate the concentration change rate dC1 / dt. The 5-point smooth differential algorithm is used to read the flow values ​​Q1 and Q2 of the first and second standard flow meters.

[0054] (2) Deviation calculation: Substitute the collected parameters into the deviation calculation equation: ΔC = α(Q1 / Q2)C1+β(V / Q2)dC1 / dt+γ(P / P0)C1

[0055] The determination method of each coefficient is as follows: α takes 1.0 as the initial value, and is fine-tuned in the range of 0.8-1.2 according to the actual test results. β is related to the pipeline volume V, and the empirical range is 0.05-0.15. γ reflects the influence of pressure, and is 1.0 under standard atmospheric pressure, with a range of 0.9-1.1.

[0056] (3) Compensation control: Based on the calculated deviation value ΔC, the following control strategy is implemented: When |ΔC|<0.2%, the current dilution gas ratio is maintained unchanged. When 0.2%≤|ΔC|<0.5%, the dilution gas flow rate is adjusted proportionally. When |ΔC|≥0.5%, the rapid response mechanism is triggered to adjust the dilution gas to the maximum extent.

[0057] Example:

[0058] This embodiment is a specific embodiment of applying the anesthetic concentration rapid adjustment device of the present invention to the anesthesia system test before liver surgery, and is mainly used for accurately controlling the concentration of sevoflurane.

[0059] 1. Application background and surgical environment.

[0060] In this embodiment, the device is applied to the hepatobiliary surgery department of a tertiary hospital. The operating room area is 36 square meters, the room temperature is controlled at 23±1 degrees Celsius, and the relative humidity is 45% to 55%. The operating table is about 2.5 meters away from the anesthesia workstation. Considering the layout requirements of the surgical space, the anesthesia pipeline needs to adopt a longer delivery distance. The hypothetical patient in the test process is scheduled to undergo right hepatic lobectomy, with an estimated operation time of 4 to 6 hours and general anesthesia. In this case, sevoflurane is selected as the volatile anesthetic.

[0061] 2. Specific configuration of the device.

[0062] In this embodiment, the gas concentration detector uses a detection cavity with an inner diameter of 28 mm and a length of 125 mm. The material is 316L stainless steel with electrochemical polishing, and the inner wall is coated with a 20-micron thick fluorocarbon anti-corrosion coating. The detector is equipped with two NDIR-2000 infrared spectrometer sensors, each with a sampling frequency of 10 times per second, a range of 0 to 12%, and a resolution of 0.05%. At the same time, it is equipped with an MPX5700 pressure sensor with a measurement range of 0 to 700 kPa and a sampling frequency of 100 times per second.

[0063] The first and second standard flowmeters both use a U-shaped measuring tube made of platinum-rhodium alloy, with an inner diameter of 3.2 mm and a wall thickness of 0.35 mm. The heater uses a nickel-chromium alloy heating wire with a power of 5.5 watts, and the working temperature is stable at 58.5 degrees Celsius. The temperature sensor uses a Class A PT100 platinum resistor with a measurement range of -50 to 200 degrees Celsius and an accuracy of ±(0.15+0.002×|t|) degrees Celsius. The flowmeter has a measurement range of 0 to 12 liters per minute.

[0064] 3. System parameter settings.

[0065] Before starting the system, set the following parameters according to surgical requirements: Sevoflurane target concentration: 2.0% during induction, 1.2% during maintenance. Flow setting: Fresh gas flow 6 liters per minute, including 4 liters per minute of oxygen and 2 liters per minute of air. Alarm limit: Concentration deviation exceeding ±0.3% triggers a prompt, and exceeding ±0.5% triggers an audible and visual alarm. Sampling frequency: 10 Hz for concentration data, 100 Hz for flow and pressure data. Data storage: A complete set of data is recorded every 1 second.

[0066] 4. Actual operating data during the test.

[0067] After the test started, the system operation was as follows:

[0068] Table 1 Operation data during the induction period (first 15 minutes)

[0069]

[0070] Table 2 Operation data during the maintenance period (typical 30-minute period)

[0071]

[0072] 5. System response analysis.

[0073] When the target concentration was changed rapidly during the induction period, the system showed good dynamic response characteristics. From the data, it can be seen that the system increased the sevoflurane concentration from 0% to 1.85% in 3 minutes, 1.92% in 6 minutes, and 1.98% in 9 minutes, which was basically close to the target value. During the entire adjustment process, the maximum deviation did not exceed 0.15%, and there was no obvious oscillation.

[0074] The data of the maintenance period show that the system has extremely high stability. In a typical data segment of 30 minutes, the maximum value of the concentration deviation is 0.02%, and the standard deviation is only 0.008%. The difference between the first flow value and the second flow value is always kept within 0.04 liters per minute, indicating that the airtightness of the system is good.

[0075] 6. Working records of intelligent control system.

[0076] The system records the following key control actions during operation:

[0077] Dilution gas adjustment record: Induction period (0-3 minutes): the dilution gas flow rate gradually decreased from 0.5 liters per minute to 0.2 liters per minute. Maintenance period: the dilution gas flow rate fluctuated stably between 0.15 and 0.18 liters per minute.

[0078] Pressure compensation record: The pressure fluctuation range detected by the system is 101.3 to 101.5 kPa, and the actual variation range of the pressure correction coefficient γ is 0.998 to 1.002.

[0079] Flow ratio adjustment record: The flow ratio (Q1 / Q2) in the induction period ranged from 1.007 to 1.012. The stable value of the flow ratio in the maintenance period was about 1.005.

[0080] It should be noted that the variables involved in the present invention are explained in detail as shown in Table 3:

[0081] Table 3 Explanation of variables

[0082]

[0083]

[0084] Specifically, the principle of the present invention is: the technical principle of the present invention is based on the organic combination of fluid dynamics, sensor technology and intelligent control theory. Its core is to achieve rapid and accurate adjustment of anesthetic gas concentration through precise gas concentration detection, intelligent mixing adjustment and accurate deviation compensation. The specific principle is explained as follows:

[0085] First, in terms of gas concentration detection, the present invention adopts a multi-dimensional detection principle. The infrared spectrum sensor determines the gas concentration by measuring the intensity of the transmitted light based on the selective absorption characteristics of different gas molecules for infrared light of a specific wavelength; the electrochemical sensor uses the current signal generated by the redox reaction between the gas molecules and the electrodes to measure the concentration; the pressure sensor is used to monitor the system pressure in real time and provide the necessary parameters for concentration compensation. The coordinated work of multiple sensors ensures the accuracy and reliability of concentration detection.

[0086] Secondly, the mixing and regulating device of the present invention adopts a fluid mechanics optimization design. The injection ports uniformly distributed around the cylindrical mixing chamber are based on the Venturi effect principle, which generates negative pressure through high-speed airflow to promote the uniform introduction of dilution gas. The design of the spiral spoiler is based on the turbulent mixing theory, which enhances the gas mixing effect by generating controlled vortices. This design not only improves the mixing uniformity, but also shortens the adjustment response time.

[0087] The key technical breakthrough lies in the deviation calculation equation proposed in the present invention: ΔC = α(Q1 / Q2)C1+β(V / Q2)dC1 / dt+γ(P / P0)C1. This equation comprehensively considers factors such as flow ratio (Q1 / Q2), dynamic changes in concentration (dC1 / dt) and pressure influence (P / P0). Among them, the value range of the α, β, and γ correction coefficients has been determined through a large number of experimental optimizations and can meet the needs of different clinical scenarios. The physical meaning of this equation is: the first term represents the concentration deviation caused by flow changes, the second term reflects the impact of dynamic changes in concentration, and the third term compensates for the error caused by pressure changes.

[0088] At the implementation level, the present invention adopts a high-performance ARM Cortex-M4 microcontroller to ensure the rapid execution of the control algorithm through real-time data acquisition and processing. The sampling frequency of 100Hz means that the system can complete a state update every 10 milliseconds to meet the real-time control requirements. The use of RS485 bus ensures the reliability and anti-interference ability of data transmission.

[0089] In addition, the present invention also embodies profound engineering principles in material selection and structural design. For example, the U-shaped measuring tube is made of platinum-rhodium alloy material, which has excellent thermal conductivity and chemical stability, ensuring the accuracy of flow measurement; the porous membrane separation unit is made of polysulfone material, whose microporous structure can achieve selective separation of gases and improve system efficiency.

[0090] The above description is only a specific implementation mode of the present invention, but the protection scope of the present invention is not limited thereto. Any technician familiar with the technical field can easily think of changes or substitutions within the technical scope disclosed by the present invention, which should be covered by the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A device for quickly adjusting anesthesia concentration and a method for adjusting anesthesia concentration, characterized in that: The invention comprises a gas concentration detector, a first standard flow meter, a mixing and regulating device, an anesthesia pipeline to be tested, a separation device, a second standard flow meter and a patient port connected in sequence, wherein the gas concentration detector is connected to the anesthesia gas input pipeline, and is used to obtain the anesthetic gas concentration waveform and to monitor and calibrate the gas concentration waveform in real time; the first standard flow meter is used to measure the calibrated gas flow to obtain a first flow value; the mixing and regulating device is used to generate dilution gas and mix the calibrated anesthetic gas; the anesthesia pipeline to be tested transports the mixed gas to obtain a concentration value to be tested; the separation device is opposite to the mixing and regulating device, and is used to separate the dilution gas in the gas mixture; the second standard flow meter is used to measure the flow of the separated anesthetic gas to obtain a second flow value; the The patient port is an output end for receiving the anesthetic gas; it also includes an intelligent control chip for analyzing the deviation of the anesthetic concentration; the intelligent control chip is electrically connected to the first standard flow meter, the mixing adjustment device, the anesthetic pipeline to be tested, the separation device and the second standard flow meter, and an anesthetic concentration deviation analysis module is arranged in the intelligent control chip, and the anesthetic concentration deviation analysis module adopts a deviation calculation equation to calculate the anesthetic concentration deviation, and the deviation calculation equation is used to calculate the concentration deviation of the anesthetic gas in the delivery process in real time, and the equation input includes the first flow value, the second flow value, the concentration value to be tested, the pressure value and the change rate of the concentration to be tested, and the output is the real-time deviation value of the anesthetic concentration; the deviation value is used to guide the mixing adjustment device to adjust the dilution gas ratio in real time to achieve precise control of the anesthetic concentration.

2. The device for rapidly adjusting anesthesia concentration and the method for adjusting anesthesia concentration according to claim 1, characterized in that: The deviation calculation equation is specifically: ΔC=α(Q1 / Q2)C1+β(V / Q2)dC1 / dt+γ(P / P0)C1; wherein ΔC is the anesthetic concentration deviation value, Q1 is the first flow value, Q2 is the second flow value, C1 is the concentration value to be measured, V is the volume of the anesthetic pipeline to be measured, P is the current pressure value, and P0 is the standard atmospheric pressure; α, β, and γ are correction coefficients, wherein the range of α is 0.8-1.2, the range of β is 0.05-0.15, and the range of γ is 0.9-1.1; and dC1 / dt is the rate of change of the concentration to be measured.

3. The device for rapidly adjusting anesthesia concentration and the method for adjusting anesthesia concentration according to claim 2, characterized in that: The gas concentration detector includes a columnar detection cavity, which is made of corrosion-resistant stainless steel material and has an anti-corrosion coating on its inner wall; an air inlet is provided at one end of the detection cavity and an air outlet is provided at the other end, and the air inlet is connected to an anesthetic gas input pipeline; a gas concentration sensor array is provided in the detection cavity, including an infrared spectrum sensor, an electrochemical sensor and a pressure sensor, for realizing multi-dimensional gas concentration detection.

4. The device for rapidly adjusting anesthesia concentration and the method for adjusting anesthesia concentration according to claim 3, characterized in that: The first standard flowmeter and the second standard flowmeter both adopt a thermal mass flowmeter structure, including a U-shaped measuring tube, a heater and a temperature sensor; the U-shaped measuring tube is made of platinum-rhodium alloy, with an inner diameter of 2-5mm and a wall thickness of 0.2-0.5mm; the heater is arranged in the middle of the U-shaped measuring tube, and the temperature sensor is respectively arranged upstream and downstream of the heater, for detecting the temperature difference generated when the gas flows through the U-shaped measuring tube, and then calculating the gas flow.

5. The device for rapidly adjusting anesthesia concentration and the method for adjusting anesthesia concentration according to claim 4, characterized in that: The mixing and regulating device comprises a cylindrical mixing chamber, which is made of medical-grade polymer material, has an inner diameter of 20-30 mm and a length of 100-150 mm; a plurality of dilution gas injection ports are evenly distributed around the mixing chamber, and the diameter of the injection ports is 0.5-1 mm; a spiral spoiler is provided in the mixing chamber to enhance the gas mixing effect.

6. The device for rapidly adjusting anesthesia concentration and the method for adjusting anesthesia concentration according to claim 5, characterized in that: The anesthesia pipeline to be tested is made of medical-grade polytetrafluoroethylene material, has a corrugated tube structure, and the inner wall smoothness Ra≤0.8μm; the inner diameter of the anesthesia pipeline to be tested is 8-12mm, the wall thickness is 1-2mm, and has good flexibility and air tightness.

7. The device for rapidly adjusting anesthesia concentration and the method for adjusting anesthesia concentration according to claim 6, characterized in that: The separation device comprises a porous membrane separation unit, wherein the porous membrane is made of polysulfone material and has a pore size of 0.01-0.1 μm; the separation unit has a honeycomb structure and an effective separation area of ​​not less than 1000 cm 2 , which can achieve efficient separation of dilution gas.

8. The device for rapidly adjusting anesthesia concentration and the method for adjusting anesthesia concentration according to claim 7, characterized in that: The patient port is made of disposable medical silicone material, including a conical connector and a sealing ring; the conical connector has a taper of 1:20 and an outer diameter of 15-22 mm; the sealing ring adopts a double-layer structure design to ensure the connection sealing.

9. The device for rapidly adjusting anesthesia concentration and the method for adjusting anesthesia concentration according to claim 8, characterized in that: The intelligent control chip adopts a 32-bit microcontroller with an ARM Cortex-M4 core, with a main frequency of not less than 180MHz, and has a built-in flash memory of not less than 512KB and a RAM of 128KB; the intelligent control chip communicates with various sensors and actuators through an RS485 bus, and the sampling frequency is not less than 100Hz.

10. The device for quickly adjusting anesthesia concentration and the method for adjusting anesthesia concentration according to claim 9, characterized in that: The shell of the entire device is made of ABS engineering plastic, with an impact resistance and splash resistance level of IPX4; the surface of the shell is anti-static and has an anti-slip texture; the overall size of the device does not exceed 300mm×200mm×150mm, and the weight does not exceed 2.5kg.

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