A new type of easily absorbable oil and its preparation method

Abstract

The present invention provides a method for preparing a novel oil that is easily absorbed, comprising the following steps: (1) walnut kernel, pumpkin seed, coix seed, according to a weight ratio of 1:1:3-5, a mixture is obtained; the mixture is baked, crushed, and placed in a composite enzyme solution composed of cellulase and lipase for enzymolysis; after enzyme inactivation, a clear oil layer, an emulsified layer, a water layer and a slag layer are obtained by centrifugation, and the clear oil layer is taken; (2) the clear oil obtained in step (1) and lard are mixed according to a weight ratio of 2:4-6, and mixed bacteria are inoculated for fermentation; the mixed bacteria are composed of plant lactobacillus Lactobacillus plantarum-JJL-1 and plant lactobacillus Lactobacillus plantarum xlbf001. The oil obtained by the present invention can significantly improve the metabolic rate as a feed additive, promote the absorption of oil and feed by feeding animals; at the same time, it can also improve the immunity of feeding animals and reduce the incidence of diarrhea.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention belongs to the technical field of oil preparation, and in particular relates to a novel easily absorbable oil and a preparation method thereof. Background Art

[0002] Oil is a high-energy feed ingredient with the characteristics of easy absorption, improving feed palatability, and balancing the nutritional level of the diet. Adding oil to broiler diets can meet their high-energy needs.

[0003] At present, people have obtained some scientific research results in the preparation of easily absorbable oils. For example, Chinese patent ZL.201210208925.6 provides an emulsified oil with the advantages of high digestibility and absorption rate, which can significantly increase the oil content in feed and improve the energy concentration of animal diets. However, people have not yet explored a set of effective theoretical methods for preparing easily absorbable oils, making the research on easily absorbable oils more accidental.

[0004] In the field of oil preparation, in addition to raw materials, the pretreatment of oil is an important factor affecting the function and quality of oil. For example, Zhu Miaomiao et al. studied the effect of superheated steam pretreatment on oil quality in "Research Progress of Superheated Steam Pretreatment Technology in Oil Processing", and Dong Yifan et al. studied the effect of ultrasound-assisted and enzymatic hydrolysis on oil quality in "Study on Ultrasonic-Assisted Water Enzymatic Extraction of Peanut Oil and Oil Quality Analysis". Although people have conducted relatively extensive research on oil pretreatment, there is still no reliable theoretical knowledge on what kind of pretreatment and oil production process can be used for different oil materials and what kind of effect can be obtained.

[0005] Therefore, based on the existing technology, how to prepare more new and easily absorbed oils is a research that people urgently need to carry out. Summary of the invention

[0006] In view of the defects of the prior art, the purpose of the present invention is to provide a method for preparing a new type of oil that can improve the absorption of oil by feeding animals to increase the metabolic rate. The oil obtained by this method can also improve the immunity of feeding animals.

[0007] The present invention provides corresponding technical solutions for the above purposes:

[0008] A method for preparing a novel easily absorbable oil, the method comprising the following steps:

[0009] (1) walnut kernels, pumpkin seeds, and coix seeds are mixed in a weight ratio of 1:1:3-5 to obtain a mixture; the mixture is baked, crushed, and placed in a complex enzyme solution composed of cellulase and lipase for enzymolysis; after the enzyme is inactivated, centrifugation is performed to obtain a clear oil layer, an emulsion layer, a water layer, and a residue layer, and the clear oil layer is taken;

[0010] (2) mixing the clear oil obtained in step (1) with lard in a weight ratio of 2:4-6, and inoculating mixed bacteria for fermentation; the mixed bacteria comprises Lactobacillus plantarum-JJL-1 and Lactobacillus plantarum xlbf001; the Lactobacillus plantarum-JJL-1 has a deposit number of CGMCC No.24962, and the Lactobacillus plantarum xlbf001 has a deposit number of CGMCC No.3166;

[0011] (3) subjecting the product obtained in step (2) to solid-liquid separation by centrifugation, removing the slag phase, allowing the product to stand for a while, removing the water layer, and then sterilizing the product by heating.

[0012] Preferably, in step (1), the baking temperature is 60° C. and the baking time is 2 hours.

[0013] Preferably, in step (1), the enzymatic activity ratio of cellulase to lipase in the composite enzyme solution is 3:1.

[0014] Preferably, in step (1), the weight ratio of walnut kernels, pumpkin seeds and coix seeds is 1:1:4.

[0015] Preferably, in step (1), during the enzymatic hydrolysis, the temperature is 35° C. and the time is 1 hour.

[0016] Preferably, in step (1), when the enzyme is inactivated, the temperature is raised to 90° C. and maintained for 10 minutes.

[0017] Preferably, in step (2), the cell number ratio of Lactobacillus plantarum-JJL-1 and Lactobacillus plantarum xlbf001 is 1:1, and the inoculation amount of the mixed bacteria is 6% v / v.

[0018] Preferably, in step (2), the fermentation temperature is 37° C. and the fermentation time is 36 hours.

[0019] Preferably, in step (3), when centrifugation is performed, the centrifugation condition is 5000 rpm and the time is 20 minutes; when standing, the standing time is 4 hours.

[0020] The invention also provides novel oil prepared by the preparation method.

[0021] Beneficial effects of the present invention:

[0022] The oil obtained by the present invention can be used as a feed additive to significantly improve the oil metabolism rate and promote the absorption of oil and feed by feeding animals; at the same time, it can also improve the immunity of feeding animals and reduce the incidence of diarrhea. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0023] The present invention is further described in detail below in conjunction with the specific examples of the specification, which are only used to explain the present invention and are not used to limit the scope of the present invention. The test methods used in the following examples are conventional methods unless otherwise specified; the materials, reagents, etc. used are reagents and materials that can be obtained from commercial channels unless otherwise specified.

[0024] Example 1

[0025] (1) walnut kernels, pumpkin seeds, and coix seeds are mixed in a weight ratio of 1:1:4 to obtain a mixture; the mixture is baked at 60° C. for 2 hours, crushed, passed through a 100-mesh sieve, placed in a complex enzyme solution composed of cellulase and lipase (the enzyme activity of the cellulase is 300,000 U / g, the enzyme activity of the lipase is 100,000 U / g, and the weight fraction of the complex enzyme in the complex enzyme solution is 20%), and enzymolysis is performed at 35° C. for 1 hour; the mixture is heated to 90° C. to inactivate the enzyme for 10 minutes, and then centrifuged to obtain a clear oil layer, an emulsion layer, a water layer, and a residue layer, and the clear oil layer is taken;

[0026] (2) the clear oil obtained in step (1) and lard are mixed in a weight ratio of 2:5, and the seed culture solution (LB medium) of the mixed bacteria is inoculated in a ratio of 6% v / v, and fermented at 37° C. for 36 hours; the mixed bacteria are composed of Lactobacillus plantarum-JJL-1 and Lactobacillus plantarum xlbf001 in a bacterial cell ratio of 1:1; the deposit number of the Lactobacillus plantarum-JJL-1 is CGMCC No. 24962 (purchased from the General Microbiological Center of the China National Microbiological Culture Collection Administration), and the deposit number of the Lactobacillus plantarum xlbf001 is CGMCC No. 3166 (General Microbiological Center of the China National Microbiological Culture Collection Administration);

[0027] (3) The product obtained in step (2) was centrifuged at 5000 rpm for 20 minutes to separate the solid and liquid, and the residue phase was removed. After standing for 4 hours, the water layer was removed, and then the oil was heated to boiling for 15 minutes to sterilize, and then cooled to room temperature to obtain the product.

[0028] Example 2

[0029] (1) walnut kernels, pumpkin seeds, and coix seeds are mixed in a weight ratio of 1:1:5 to obtain a mixture; the mixture is baked at 60° C. for 2 hours, crushed, passed through a 100-mesh sieve, placed in a complex enzyme solution composed of cellulase and lipase (the cellulase activity is 300,000 U / g, the lipase activity is 100,000 U / g, and the weight fraction of the complex enzyme in the complex enzyme solution is 20%), and enzymolysis is performed at 35° C. for 1 hour; the mixture is heated to 90° C. to inactivate the enzyme for 10 minutes, and then centrifuged to obtain a clear oil layer, an emulsion layer, a water layer, and a residue layer, and the clear oil layer is taken;

[0030] (2) the clear oil obtained in step (1) and lard are mixed in a weight ratio of 2:6, and the seed culture solution (LB medium) of the mixed bacteria is inoculated in a ratio of 6% v / v, and fermented at 37° C. for 36 hours; the mixed bacteria are composed of Lactobacillus plantarum-JJL-1 and Lactobacillus plantarum xlbf001 in a bacterial cell ratio of 1:1; the deposit number of the Lactobacillus plantarum-JJL-1 is CGMCC No. 24962 (purchased from the General Microbiological Center of the China National Microbiological Culture Collection Administration), and the deposit number of the Lactobacillus plantarum xlbf001 is CGMCC No. 3166 (General Microbiological Center of the China National Microbiological Culture Collection Administration);

[0031] (3) The product obtained in step (2) was centrifuged at 5000 rpm for 20 minutes to separate the solid and liquid, and the residue phase was removed. After standing for 4 hours, the water layer was removed, and then the oil was heated to boiling for 15 minutes to sterilize, and then cooled to room temperature to obtain the product.

[0032] Example 3

[0033] (1) walnut kernels, pumpkin seeds, and coix seeds are mixed in a weight ratio of 1:1:3 to obtain a mixture; the mixture is baked at 60° C. for 2 hours, crushed, passed through a 100-mesh sieve, placed in a complex enzyme solution composed of cellulase and lipase (the cellulase activity is 300,000 U / g, the lipase activity is 100,000 U / g, and the weight fraction of the complex enzyme in the complex enzyme solution is 20%), and enzymolysis is performed at 35° C. for 1 hour; the mixture is heated to 90° C. to inactivate the enzyme for 10 minutes, and then centrifuged to obtain a clear oil layer, an emulsion layer, a water layer, and a residue layer, and the clear oil layer is taken;

[0034] (2) the clear oil obtained in step (1) and lard are mixed in a weight ratio of 2:4, and the seed culture solution (LB medium) of the mixed bacteria is inoculated in a ratio of 6% v / v, and fermented at 37° C. for 36 hours; the mixed bacteria are composed of Lactobacillus plantarum-JJL-1 and Lactobacillus plantarum xlbf001 in a bacterial cell ratio of 1:1; the deposit number of the Lactobacillus plantarum-JJL-1 is CGMCC No. 24962 (gift from colleagues for scientific research use), and the deposit number of the Lactobacillus plantarum xlbf001 is CGMCC No. 3166 (General Microbiological Center of China National Committee for the Administration of Microbiological Culture Collection);

[0035] (3) The product obtained in step (2) was centrifuged at 5000 rpm for 20 minutes to separate the solid and liquid, and the residue phase was removed. After standing for 4 hours, the water layer was removed, and then the oil was heated to boiling for 15 minutes to sterilize, and then cooled to room temperature to obtain the product.

[0036] Comparative Example 1

[0037] This comparative example is consistent with Example 1 except that coix seed is not added in step (1).

[0038] Comparative Example 2

[0039] This comparative example is consistent with Example 1 except that pumpkin seeds are not added in step (1).

[0040] Comparative Example 3

[0041] This comparative example is consistent with Example 1 except that only Lactobacillus plantarum-JJL-1 is inoculated during fermentation.

[0042] Experimental example

[0043] The oils obtained in Examples 1 to 3 and Comparative Examples 1 to 3 were respectively used to prepare feeds. The ingredients of the feeds were as follows: 57.8% corn, 25% soybean meal, 1% fish meal, 2% oil, 0.9% calcium bicarbonate, 11% stone powder, 0.3% salt, 1% zeolite powder, and 1% premix.

[0044] The premix provides the following per kg of complete feed: Fe 60 mg, Cu 8 mg, Zn 80 mg, Mn 60 mg, I 0.35 mg, Se 0.30 mg, V A 8000IU,V D3 1600IU,V E 5 IU, VK3 0.5 mg, V B1 0.8 mg, V B2 2.5 mg, V B6 3.0 mg, V B12 0.005 mg, niacin 20 mg, folic acid 0.25 mg, calcium pantothenate 2.2 mg, biotin 0.10 mg, choline 500 mg.

[0045] A control group was set up, and all the fats in the control group were lard.

[0046] The experiment selected the same batch of 520-day-old Jingfen No. 1 commercial laying hens. The preliminary test lasted 15 days. According to the requirement of basically consistent egg production rate, the test laying hens were divided into 7 groups (one group each for Examples 1 to 3, Comparative Examples 1 to 3 and the control group). Each group contained 3 repetitions, 6 hens per repetition, a total of 126 hens, and started an 8-week formal experiment. Laying hens were raised in 3-layer full-step cages with a density of 3, and one cage position was separated from each repetition. Feed once a day, powder feed, free access to food, free drinking water from nipple drinkers, and 16 hours of light. Fans, wet curtains and other equipment are selectively used to control environmental parameters such as temperature and humidity in the house.

[0047] The metabolic test was carried out in the 8th week of the formal test using the endogenous indicator method. Three laying hens from the same cage were selected for each group and each replicate. The manure tray was firmly placed under the chicken cage, and the chicken manure samples were collected continuously for 3 days. The gravel, feed and feathers in the manure were carefully removed. After the fresh samples collected from each replicate were fully mixed, 10 ml of 10% hydrochloric acid was added for every 100 grams of fresh samples for preservation and nitrogen fixation. The samples were stored in a refrigerator at -20°C. After the test, the fecal samples of each replicate were thawed, mixed, dried in an oven at 65°C for 12+3h, rehydrated, weighed, crushed and sieved through a 40-mesh sieve to make air-dried samples.

[0048] The hydrochloric acid insoluble ash content (W) in feed and feces was determined by the hydrochloric acid insoluble ash method (GB / T23742-2009), and the crude fat content in feed and feces was determined according to GB / T6433-2006. The measured hydrochloric acid insoluble ash content was used as the indicator content, and the indicator method was used to calculate the apparent metabolic rate of fat. The calculation formula is:

[0049] AMR(%)=100-(I F / IfxN f / N F )x100, where AMR is the apparent metabolic rate, I F is the indicator content in feed, I f is the indicator content in feces, N F is the crude fat content in feed, N f It is the crude fat content in feces.

[0050] At the same time, the average egg weight of the eggs obtained during the trial period and the incidence of diarrhea during the trial period were examined.

[0051] The experimental results are shown in Table 1. As shown in Table 1, the oil obtained by the present invention can significantly improve the apparent metabolic rate of oil, indicating that the oil obtained by the present invention is easier to absorb. At the same time, the eggs obtained by feeding the feed containing the oil of the present invention are heavier, indicating that the feed is easier to absorb.

[0052] Table 1

[0053]

[0054] Note: The data in the table are rounded to one decimal place.

[0055] At the beginning of the present invention, the inventors considered using the latest reported fermentation bacteria (Han Jiejun, Gong Tiangui, Wang Bin, et al. Optimization of peony seed fermentation oil process and efficacy activity research [J]. Modern Chemical Industry, 2024, 44 (S1): 235-239 + 245.) to prepare new oils, but found that no matter how the oil raw materials were adjusted (see Comparative Example 3 for some attempted solutions), the resulting oils did not significantly improve in terms of metabolic rate. The inventors then tried to configure mixed bacteria and found that combining it with Lactobacillus plantarum xlbf001 could improve the absorption of oil by feeding animals. In addition, the selection of pumpkin seeds and coix seeds as raw materials for preparing oils is also crucial to the present invention.

Claims

1. A method for preparing a novel easily absorbable oil, characterized in that: The preparation method comprises the following steps: (1) walnut kernels, pumpkin seeds, and coix seeds are mixed in a weight ratio of 1:1:3-5 to obtain a mixture; the mixture is baked, crushed, and placed in a complex enzyme solution composed of cellulase and lipase for enzymolysis; after the enzyme is inactivated, centrifugation is performed to obtain a clear oil layer, an emulsion layer, a water layer, and a residue layer, and the clear oil layer is taken; (2) mixing the clear oil obtained in step (1) with lard in a weight ratio of 2:4-6, and inoculating mixed bacteria for fermentation; the mixed bacteria comprises Lactobacillus plantarum-JJL-1 and Lactobacillus plantarumxlbf001; the Lactobacillus plantarum-JJL-1 has a deposit number of CGMCC No.24962, and the Lactobacillus plantarum xlbf001 has a deposit number of CGMCC No.3166; (3) subjecting the product obtained in step (2) to solid-liquid separation by centrifugation, removing the slag phase, allowing the product to stand for a while, removing the water layer, and then sterilizing the product by heating.

2. The method for preparing a novel easily absorbable oil according to claim 1, characterized in that: In step (1), during baking, the temperature is 60° C. and the time is 2 hours.

3. The method for preparing a novel easily absorbable oil according to claim 1, characterized in that: In step (1), the enzyme activity ratio of cellulase to lipase in the composite enzyme solution is 3:

1.

4. The method for preparing a novel easily absorbable oil according to claim 1, characterized in that: In step (1), the weight ratio of walnut kernels, pumpkin seeds and coix seeds is 1:1:

4.

5. The method for preparing a novel easily absorbable oil according to claim 1 or 3, characterized in that: In step (1), during the enzymatic hydrolysis, the temperature is 35° C. and the time is 1 hour.

6. The method for preparing a novel easily absorbable oil according to claim 5, characterized in that: In step (1), when the enzyme is inactivated, the temperature is raised to 90° C. and maintained for 10 minutes.

7. The method for preparing a novel easily absorbable oil according to claim 1, characterized in that: In step (2), the bacterial cell number ratio of Lactobacillus plantarum-JJL-1 and Lactobacillus plantarumxlbf001 is 1:1, and the inoculation amount of the mixed bacteria is 6% v / v.

8. The method for preparing a novel easily absorbable oil according to claim 7, characterized in that: In step (2), the fermentation temperature is 37° C. and the fermentation time is 36 hours.

9. The method for preparing a novel easily absorbable oil according to claim 1, characterized in that: In step (3), when centrifugation is performed, the centrifugation condition is 5000 rpm and the time is 20 minutes; when standing, the standing time is 4 hours.

10. A new type of easily absorbable oil, characterized in that: The novel oil is prepared by the preparation method according to any one of claims 1 to 9.

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