A water-saving operation method and verification method for a ship lock water delivery system

Abstract

The present invention relates to the technical field of water-saving operation of water-transport ship locks, and specifically to a water-saving operation method and a verification method for a ship lock water transfer system. A water-saving operation method for a ship lock water transfer system is provided by setting a water-saving tank, so that when a lock chamber is discharged, water flows into the water-saving tank for storage, and when the lock chamber is filled with water, water is transferred from the water-saving tank to the lock chamber, thereby reducing the total amount of water used in the operation process of the ship lock and achieving a water-saving effect. At the same time, by limiting the continuous opening and closing time of a working valve, the working valve is allowed to perform rapid opening and closing operations, thereby reducing the filling and discharging time of water, and by adopting a specially designed layout structure of a ship lock water transfer system, the influence of water body fluctuations on water consumption is avoided. A water-saving operation verification method for a ship lock water transfer system is provided, and a physical model is established to conduct a ship lock water transfer hydraulic characteristic test, thereby realizing data support for the water-saving operation of the ship lock, so that the ship lock can reduce energy consumption to the greatest extent under the above-mentioned water-saving operation method, reduce water transfer time, improve water transfer efficiency, and achieve a better water-saving rate.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of water-saving operation of a water delivery ship lock, and in particular to a water-saving operation method and a verification method for a water delivery system of a ship lock. Background Art

[0002] The ship lock is an important hydraulic structure that ensures the smooth passage of ships through rivers with water level differences. The ship lock uses the principle of communicating vessels. When the ship is moving downstream, water is filled into the lock chamber to raise the water level in the lock chamber to the same level as the water level in the upstream pilot channel. The upstream gate is then opened to allow the ship to enter the lock chamber smoothly. The upstream gate is then closed and the lock chamber is drained to allow the water level in the lock chamber to drop to the same level as the water level in the downstream pilot channel. The downstream gate is then opened to allow the ship to smoothly exit the lock chamber and continue its passage downstream.

[0003] Existing ship locks generally use a water delivery system to adjust the water level in the lock chamber. The water delivery system inputs upstream water into the lock chamber to increase the water level in the lock chamber, and outputs the water in the lock chamber to the downstream to reduce the water level in the lock chamber. This consumes a lot of water and takes a long time, resulting in low efficiency of ship passage in the lock. Summary of the invention

[0004] The purpose of the present invention is to overcome the shortcomings of the prior art that the operation of a ship lock consumes a large amount of water, takes a long time, and leads to low efficiency of ship passage, and to provide a water-saving operation method and verification method for a ship lock water delivery system.

[0005] In the first aspect, the present invention provides a water-saving operation method for a ship lock water conveyance system, wherein the ship lock water conveyance system connects the lock chamber and the water-saving tank through a connecting corridor along the middle width direction of the lock chamber, connects the upstream water inlet corridor and the middle part of the middle branch corridor arranged longitudinally in the lock chamber through a horizontal turn of the water filling corridor along the longitudinal direction of the lock chamber, connects the middle part of the middle branch corridor and the downstream water outlet corridor through a discharge corridor along the longitudinal direction of the lock chamber, the water filling corridor and the discharge corridor are arranged on the same side in the width direction of the lock chamber, and the water-saving tank is arranged on the other side in the width direction of the lock chamber, and the water filling corridor, the discharge corridor and the connecting corridor are respectively provided with working valves, and the continuous opening time of each working valve is 0.5-1.5min, and the continuous closing time does not exceed 1min.

[0006] The present invention provides a water-saving operation method for a ship lock water delivery system. The ship lock and the water delivery system meet the navigation needs of at least 3000t-class ships. By setting a water-saving tank, water flows into the water-saving tank for storage when the lock chamber is discharged, and water is delivered from the water-saving tank to the lock chamber when the lock chamber is filled with water, thereby reducing the total amount of water used in the operation process of the ship lock and achieving a water-saving effect. At the same time, by limiting the continuous opening and closing time of the working valve, the working valve is allowed to perform rapid opening and closing operations, thereby reducing the filling and discharging time and improving the passage efficiency of the ship lock. In addition, by adopting a ship lock water delivery system layout structure in which a filling corridor and a discharge corridor are arranged on one side of the lock chamber and a water-saving tank is arranged on the other side of the lock chamber, water delivery between the lock chamber and the water-saving tank is smooth, water delivery efficiency is improved, and water delivery time is further shortened. Moreover, the water flow in the lock chamber is evenly dispersed and delivered with the middle of the lock chamber as the center, so that the water body in the lock chamber can be steadily raised and lowered, and the influence of water body fluctuation on water consumption can be avoided, thereby achieving water saving while reducing water delivery time, and further improving the passage efficiency of ships.

[0007] Preferably, the ship lock water delivery system is provided with several branch corridors at the bottom of the lock chamber to connect the middle branch corridor, each branch corridor is provided with several water inlets and outlets connected to the lock chamber, and several water inlet and outlet sections are arranged symmetrically along the boundary line of the middle part of the lock chamber in the lock chamber, and the water saving tank is symmetrically arranged with water inlet and outlet channels on both sides of the boundary line of the upper and lower half tanks. The symmetrical arrangement of the water delivery system structure allows water to flow smoothly and stably between the lock chamber and the water saving tank, reducing water flow fluctuations, avoiding water flow fluctuations affecting water delivery energy consumption and water consumption, and helping to reduce water delivery time, further improving the effect of traffic efficiency.

[0008] Preferably, the water-saving pool includes a primary pool, a secondary pool and a tertiary pool, the primary pool is arranged above the tertiary pool, and the secondary pool is arranged on the side of the primary pool away from the lock chamber; when discharging water, the tertiary pool, the secondary pool and the primary pool are connected to the lock chamber in sequence for discharging water; when filling water, the primary pool, the secondary pool and the tertiary pool are connected to the lock chamber in sequence for filling water. The setting of multiple levels of water-saving pools can increase the capacity of the water-saving pools, which is further conducive to improving the corresponding water-saving rate.

[0009] Preferably, when there is a designed water level difference between the water level in the lock chamber and the water saving tank, the working valve is opened or closed at a uniform speed to discharge or fill the lock chamber, the total water delivery time of the ship lock does not exceed 15 minutes, and the water saving rate is not less than 60%. Making the total water delivery time of the ship lock shorter is conducive to improving the passage efficiency of ships and ensuring a larger water saving rate. At the same time, when there is a designed water level difference between the lock chamber and the water saving tank, the working valve is operated so that when the working valve is fully closed, the water levels of the lock chambers and the water saving tanks on both sides are basically the same, so as to further shorten the total water delivery time and improve the water delivery efficiency and passage efficiency.

[0010] Preferably, when discharging water, the third-level pool is connected with the lock chamber, and when there is a designed water level difference between the water level in the lock chamber and the water level in the third-level pool, the working valve between the third-level pool and the lock chamber begins to be closed, and the working valve between the second-level pool and the lock chamber is opened synchronously; when there is a designed water level difference between the water level in the lock chamber and the water level in the second-level pool, the working valve between the second-level pool and the lock chamber begins to be closed, and the working valve between the first-level pool and the lock chamber is opened synchronously; when there is a designed water level difference between the water level in the lock chamber and the water level in the first-level pool, the working valve between the first-level pool and the lock chamber begins to be closed, and the working valve between the downstream outlet corridor and the lock chamber is opened synchronously until the water level in the lock chamber is equal to the downstream water level. When discharging water, when the working valve of the current water-saving pool is closed, the working valve of the next level is opened synchronously, so as to reduce the interruption time during the opening and closing of the working valves, and further improve the water delivery efficiency.

[0011] Preferably, when filling with water, the first-level pool is connected with the lock chamber, and when there is a designed water level difference between the water level in the lock chamber and the water level in the first-level pool, the working valve between the first-level pool and the lock chamber begins to be closed, and the working valve between the second-level pool and the lock chamber is opened synchronously; when the water level in the lock chamber and the water level in the second-level pool reach the designed water level difference, the working valve between the second-level pool and the lock chamber begins to be closed, and the working valve between the third-level pool and the lock chamber is opened synchronously; when the water level in the lock chamber and the water level in the third-level pool reach the designed water level difference, the working valve between the third-level pool and the lock chamber begins to be closed, and the working valve between the upstream water inlet gallery and the lock chamber is opened synchronously until the water level in the lock chamber is equal to the upstream water level. When filling with water, when the working valve of the current water-saving pool is closed, the working valve of the next level is opened synchronously, so as to reduce the interruption time during the opening and closing of the working valves, and further improve the water delivery efficiency.

[0012] Preferably, the designed water level difference is 1.3m-1.5m.

[0013] Preferably, the continuous opening time of the working valve is 1 minute, and the continuous closing time is 0.5 minute, which further shortens the total water delivery time of the ship lock, improves the water delivery efficiency of the ship lock water delivery system, and reduces the energy consumption and time consumption of water delivery.

[0014] A method for verifying water-saving operation of a ship lock water delivery system comprises the water-saving operation method of the ship lock water delivery system as described above, and further comprises: Step 1: Establish a physical model of the ship lock including the water delivery system according to the characteristic size parameters of the ship lock water delivery system; Step 2: Determine the characteristic water level conditions based on the upstream and downstream water level data of the ship lock; Step 3: Conduct a water-saving operation hydraulic characteristic test of the ship lock under characteristic water level conditions according to the designed operating conditions; Step 4: Analyze the hydraulic characteristics of the lock water delivery to determine whether the design operating conditions meet the requirements. If not, adjust the relevant parameters and repeat steps 3-4.

[0015] A water-saving operation verification method for a ship lock water delivery system of the present invention conducts a ship lock water delivery hydraulic characteristic test by establishing a physical model to achieve data support for the water-saving operation of the ship lock, so that the ship lock can reduce energy consumption to the greatest extent under the above-mentioned water-saving operation method, reduce water delivery time, improve water delivery efficiency, and achieve a better water saving rate.

[0016] Preferably, in step 2, the characteristic water level conditions include maximum design head conditions, normal head conditions and minimum navigation water level conditions.

[0017] Preferably, in step 3, the design operating conditions include the requirements for the opening and closing time of the working valve and / or the requirements for the opening and closing timing of the working valve; the water delivery hydraulic characteristic test includes testing the water delivery hydraulic characteristics of the ship lock under different design operating conditions and different characteristic water level conditions, and the water delivery hydraulic characteristics include water delivery time, water delivery flow, and lock chamber water level change characteristics.

[0018] Preferably, in step 4, according to the designed operating conditions, the water level changes in the lock chamber and the water-saving tank during the water-saving operation of the ship lock under the characteristic water level conditions are determined, and the water-saving rate is calculated.

[0019] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects: 1. The present invention provides a water-saving operation method for a ship lock water delivery system. By setting a water-saving tank, water flows into the water-saving tank for storage when the lock chamber is discharged, and water is delivered from the water-saving tank to the lock chamber when the lock chamber is filled with water, thereby reducing the total amount of water used in the ship lock operation process and achieving a water-saving effect; 2. The present invention provides a water-saving operation method for a ship lock water delivery system, which limits the continuous opening and closing time of a working valve so that the working valve can be opened and closed quickly, thereby reducing the filling and draining time and improving the passage efficiency of the ship lock; 3. The present invention provides a water-saving operation method for a ship lock water delivery system, which adopts a ship lock water delivery system arrangement structure in which a water filling gallery and a water discharge gallery are arranged on one side of a lock chamber and a water saving tank is arranged on the other side of the lock chamber, so that water can be smoothly delivered between the lock chamber and the water saving tank, thereby improving water delivery efficiency and shortening water delivery time; 4. The present invention provides a water-saving operation method for a ship lock water delivery system, which can achieve a stable rise and fall of the water body in the lock chamber by evenly dispersing and delivering the water flow in the lock chamber with the middle of the lock chamber as the center, avoiding the influence of water body fluctuation on water consumption, achieving water saving while reducing water delivery time, and further improving the passage efficiency of ships; 5. The present invention provides a method for verifying the water-saving operation of a ship lock water delivery system. By establishing a physical model to conduct a test on the hydraulic characteristics of the ship lock water delivery, data support for the water-saving operation of the ship lock is realized, so that the ship lock can reduce energy consumption to the greatest extent under the above-mentioned water-saving operation method, reduce water delivery time, improve water delivery efficiency, and achieve a better water-saving rate. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS Figure 1 It is a structural schematic diagram of the ship lock water delivery system in Example 1; Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the positional relationship between the three-level water-saving tank and the lock chamber in Example 1; Figure 3 A schematic flow chart of a water-saving operation verification method for a ship lock water delivery system according to Example 2; Figure 4 It is a hydraulic characteristic curve diagram of a ship lock in Example 2 when the operating conditions are that the working valve is continuously opened for 0.5 min and closed for 0.5 min and filled with water at the maximum water head; Figure 5 It is a hydraulic characteristic curve diagram of a ship lock in Example 2 when the operating conditions are that the working valve is continuously opened for 1.0 min and closed for 0.5 min and filled with water at the maximum water head; Figure 6 It is a hydraulic characteristic curve diagram of a ship lock in Example 2 when the working valve is continuously opened for 1.5 minutes and closed for 0.5 minutes under the operating conditions of maximum water head filling; Figure 7 It is a hydraulic characteristic curve diagram of a ship lock in Example 2 when discharging water at the maximum water head under the operating conditions of the working valve continuous opening time of 0.5min and continuous closing time of 0.5min; Figure 8 It is a hydraulic characteristic curve diagram of a ship lock in Example 2 when discharging water at the maximum water head under the operating conditions of the working valve continuous opening time of 1.0min and continuous closing time of 0.5min; Fig. 9 It is a hydraulic characteristic curve diagram of a ship lock in Example 2 when discharging water at the maximum water head under the operating conditions of the working valve continuous opening time of 1.5min and continuous closing time of 0.5min; Markings in the figure: 1-lock chamber, 11-inlet and outlet, 12-inlet and outlet section, 2-water-saving pool, 21-first pool, 22-second pool, 23-third pool, 24-inlet and outlet channels, 3-connecting gallery, 4-filling gallery, 5-upstream inlet gallery, 6-middle branch gallery, 61-first diversion port, 62-second diversion port, 7-discharge gallery, 8-downstream outlet gallery, 9-working valve, 10-branch gallery. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0021] The present invention is further described in detail below in conjunction with specific embodiments. However, this should not be understood as the scope of the above subject matter of the present invention being limited to the following embodiments, and all technologies realized based on the content of the present invention belong to the scope of the present invention.

[0022] Unless otherwise specified, in the description of the specific embodiments of the present invention, the terms indicating the orientation or position relationship such as "up", "down", "left", "right", "center", "inside", "outside", etc. are all expressions based on the orientation or position relationship shown in the drawings, or are the orientation or position relationship when the invented product / equipment / device is usually used. These terms of orientation or position relationship are only for the convenience of describing the scheme of the present invention or simplifying the description in the specific embodiments, so as to facilitate the technicians to quickly understand the scheme, and do not indicate or imply that a specific device / component / element must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific position relationship, and therefore cannot be understood as a limitation on the present invention.

[0023] In addition, if the terms "horizontal", "vertical", "overhanging", "parallel" and the like appear, it does not mean that the corresponding devices / components / elements are required to be absolutely horizontal or vertical or overhanging or parallel, but may be slightly tilted or have deviations. For example, "horizontal" only means that its direction is more horizontal than "vertical", and does not mean that the structure must be completely horizontal, but may be slightly tilted. Alternatively, it can be simplified to mean that the corresponding devices / components / elements are set in directions such as "horizontal", "vertical", "overhanging", "parallel", etc., and can have an error / deviation of ±10% relative to the corresponding direction setting, more preferably an error / deviation within ±8%, more preferably an error / deviation within ±6%, more preferably an error / deviation within ±5%, and more preferably an error / deviation within ±4%. As long as the corresponding device / component / element is within the error / deviation range, it can still achieve its role in the scheme of the present invention.

[0024] In addition, the expressions “first”, “second”, “third”, etc., which appear in the terms, are merely used to distinguish the description of the same or similar components and should not be understood as emphasizing or implying the relative importance of specific components.

[0025] In addition, in the description of the embodiments of the present invention, "several", "plurality" and "a number" represent at least 2. It can be any number such as 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, and even more than 9.

[0026] In addition, in the description of the technical solution of the present invention, unless otherwise clearly specified / defined / restricted, the terms "set", "install", "connect", "connected", "provided with", "laid", and "arranged" should be understood in a broad sense, for example, it can be a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection, and can be welding, riveting, bolting, threading, and other commonly used connection means in the field. This connection can be a mechanical connection, an electrical connection, or a communication connection; it can be a direct connection, or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium, and it can be the internal connection of two elements.

[0027] Example 1 like Figure 1-Figure 2 As shown, a water-saving operation method for a ship lock water conveyance system is provided, wherein the ship lock water conveyance system connects the lock chamber 1 and the water-saving tank 2 through a connecting corridor 3 along the width direction of the middle part of the lock chamber 1, connects the upstream water inlet corridor 5 and the middle part of the middle branch corridor 6 arranged longitudinally in the lock chamber 1 through a horizontal turn of a water filling corridor 4 along the longitudinal direction of the lock chamber 1, connects the middle part of the middle branch corridor 6 and the downstream water outlet corridor 8 through a water discharge corridor 7 along the longitudinal direction of the lock chamber 1, the water filling corridor 4 and the water discharge corridor 7 are arranged on the same side of the lock chamber 1 in the width direction, and the water-saving tank 2 is arranged on the other side of the lock chamber 1 in the width direction, and the water filling corridor 4, the water discharge corridor 7 and the connecting corridor 3 are respectively provided with working valves 9, and the continuous opening time of each working valve 9 is 0.5-1.5min, and the continuous closing time does not exceed 1min.

[0028] A water-saving operation method for a ship lock water delivery system in this embodiment, the ship lock and the water delivery system meet the navigation needs of 5000t class ships. By setting a water-saving tank 2, when the lock chamber 1 is discharged, water flows into the water-saving tank 2 for storage, and when the lock chamber 1 is filled with water, water is delivered from the water-saving tank 2 to the lock chamber 1, thereby reducing the total amount of water used in the operation process of the ship lock and achieving a water-saving effect. At the same time, by limiting the continuous opening and continuous closing time of the working valve 9, the working valve 9 can be opened and closed quickly, thereby reducing the filling and discharging time and improving the passage efficiency of the ship lock.

[0029] Furthermore, in a water-saving operation method for a ship lock water delivery system of the present embodiment, in order to meet the water-saving operation of the working valve 9 in a rapid opening and closing mode to meet the navigation needs, the structure of the ship lock water delivery system is optimized, and water saving is achieved while reducing the water delivery time through a combination of structure and operation mode, so as to improve the passage efficiency of ships. Specifically, the ship lock water delivery system layout structure adopts a water filling corridor 4 and a water discharge corridor 7 to be arranged on one side of the lock chamber 1, and a water-saving tank 2 to be arranged on the other side of the lock chamber 1, so that the water delivery between the lock chamber 1 and the water-saving tank 2 is smooth, the water delivery efficiency is improved, and the water delivery time is shortened. At the same time, the water flow in the lock chamber 1 is evenly dispersed and conveyed with the middle of the lock chamber 1 as the center, so as to achieve a smooth rise and fall of the water body in the lock chamber 1, and avoid the influence of water body fluctuations on water consumption and water delivery efficiency.

[0030] In one or more embodiments, the ship lock water delivery system is provided with several branch corridors 10 at the bottom of the lock chamber 1 to connect the middle branch corridor 6, each branch corridor 10 is provided with several water inlets and outlets 11 connected to the lock chamber 1, and several water inlet and outlet sections 12 are symmetrically arranged along the boundary line of the middle part of the lock chamber 1 are formed in the lock chamber 1, and the water saving tank 2 is symmetrically arranged with water inlet and outlet channels 24 on both sides of the boundary line between the upper and lower half tanks. By optimizing the structure of the water delivery system, the water flow can be smoothly and stably transferred and injected between the lock chamber 1 and the water saving tank 2, reducing water flow fluctuations, avoiding water flow fluctuations affecting water delivery energy consumption, and reducing water delivery time, thereby achieving the effect of improving traffic efficiency.

[0031] In an optional embodiment, the middle branch corridor 6 is arranged at the bottom of the lock chamber 1 along the longitudinal axis of the lock chamber 1. The middle branch corridor 6 takes the midpoint first diversion port 61 as the starting point, and the second diversion ports 62 are evenly spaced on both sides of the longitudinal direction. Branch corridors 10 are symmetrically arranged on both sides of the lateral side of the middle branch corridor 6. The side of the branch corridor 10 away from the first diversion port 61 is connected to the second diversion port 62 through a return bend pipe. Inlet and outlet ports 11 connected to the lock chamber 1 are distributed on the branch corridor 10 to form a plurality of inlet and outlet sections 12 symmetrically arranged along the boundary line of the middle part of the lock chamber 1. At the same time, the filling corridor 4, the discharge corridor 7 and the connecting corridor 3 are connected from both sides of the first diversion port 61, respectively, so that the water transfer between the lock chamber 1 and the water-saving tank 2 is smooth, the water in the lock chamber 1 is evenly dispersed and transported, the water flow fluctuation is small, and the water transfer efficiency is high.

[0032] In one or more embodiments, the water-saving pool 2 includes a primary pool 21, a secondary pool 22, and a tertiary pool 23, wherein the primary pool 21 is arranged above the tertiary pool 23, and the secondary pool 22 is arranged on the side of the primary pool 21 away from the lock chamber 1; when discharging water, the tertiary pool 23, the secondary pool 22, and the primary pool 21 are sequentially connected to the lock chamber 1 for discharging water; when filling water, the primary pool 21, the secondary pool 22, and the tertiary pool 23 are sequentially connected to the lock chamber 1 for filling water. By setting up multiple levels of water-saving pools 2, the capacity of the water-saving pools 2 is increased, and the water-saving rate is further improved.

[0033] In an optional implementation manner, a large ship lock is used as an example for explanation. The maximum design water head of the ship lock is 29.6m, the total water delivery time of the ship lock is 15min, and the operation time of each water-saving tank 2 is 3min when the three-level water-saving tank 2 is in operation. When the maximum working water head of the ship lock is 29.3m, the upstream water level is 63.6m, the downstream flood level is 34m, the valve working water head of each water-saving tank 2 is about 10.76m, the upstream water level of the ship lock varies by 5.8m, and the downstream water level varies by 1.71m. The ratio of the water area of ​​each water-saving tank 2 of the ship lock to the water area of ​​the lock chamber 1 is 1.4:1. The first-level pool 21 adapts to water level changes of 49.15-57.76m, the second-level pool 22 adapts to water level changes of 44.1-51.88m, and the third-level pool 23 adapts to water level changes of 39.05-46m. Combined with the structural characteristic size parameters of the ship lock water delivery system, the water-saving operation process of the third-level water-saving pool 2 under the maximum design head condition is calculated as shown in Table 1. The water level changes of lock chamber 1 and water-saving pool 2 at each stage of the ship lock water-saving operation process under normal head conditions are shown in Table 2. The water level changes of lock chamber 1 and water-saving pool 2 at each stage of the ship lock water-saving operation process under the minimum navigation water level combination conditions are shown in Table 3.

[0034] Table 1. Water level values ​​at each stage of water-saving operation under maximum design head condition ; Table 2. Water level values ​​at each stage of water-saving operation under constant head condition ; Table 3. Water level values ​​at each stage of water-saving operation under the combined conditions of the minimum navigable water level .

[0035] In one or more embodiments, when there is a designed water level difference between the water level in the lock chamber 1 and the water level in the water-saving tank 2, the working valve 9 is opened or closed at a uniform speed to discharge or fill the lock chamber 1, and the total water delivery time of the ship lock does not exceed 15 minutes, and the water saving rate is not less than 60%. By operating the working valve 9 when there is a designed water level difference between the lock chamber 1 and the water-saving tank 2, when the working valve 9 is fully closed, the water levels of the lock chamber 1 and the water-saving tank 2 are basically flush, shortening the total water delivery time, further improving the water delivery efficiency, and through the optimized multi-stage water-saving tank 2 ship lock water delivery system structure, it is possible to meet the water delivery needs of the ship lock when the total water delivery time is short, and improve the passage efficiency of ships.

[0036] In one or more embodiments, when discharging water, the tertiary pool 23 is connected to the lock chamber 1, and when there is a designed water level difference between the water level in the lock chamber 1 and the water level in the tertiary pool 23, the working valve 9 between the tertiary pool 23 and the lock chamber 1 begins to be closed, and the working valve 9 between the secondary pool 22 and the lock chamber 1 is opened synchronously; when there is a designed water level difference between the water level in the lock chamber 1 and the water level in the secondary pool 22, the working valve 9 between the secondary pool 22 and the lock chamber 1 begins to be closed, and the working valve 9 between the primary pool 21 and the lock chamber 1 is opened synchronously; when there is a designed water level difference between the water level in the lock chamber 1 and the water level in the primary pool 21, the working valve 9 between the primary water-saving pool 2 and the lock chamber 1 begins to be closed, and the downstream outlet corridor 8 and the working valve 9 between the lock chamber 1 are opened synchronously until the water level in the lock chamber 1 is equal to the downstream water level. When draining water, when the working valve 9 of the current water-saving tank 2 is closed, the working valve 9 of the next level is opened synchronously to reduce the interruption time during the opening and closing of the working valve 9, thereby further improving the water delivery efficiency and achieving a better water saving rate through the cooperation of the three-level water-saving tank 2.

[0037] In one or more embodiments, when filling with water, the primary pool 21 is connected to the lock chamber 1, and when there is a designed water level difference between the water level in the lock chamber 1 and the water level in the primary pool 21, the working valve 9 between the primary pool 21 and the lock chamber 1 begins to be closed, and the working valve 9 between the secondary pool 22 and the lock chamber 1 is opened synchronously; when the water level in the lock chamber 1 and the water level in the secondary pool 22 reach the designed water level difference, the working valve 9 between the secondary pool 22 and the lock chamber 1 begins to be closed, and the working valve 9 between the tertiary pool 23 and the lock chamber 1 is opened synchronously; when the water level in the lock chamber 1 and the water level in the tertiary pool 23 reach the designed water level difference, the working valve 9 between the tertiary pool 23 and the lock chamber 1 begins to be closed, and the working valve 9 between the upstream water inlet gallery 5 and the lock chamber 1 is opened synchronously until the water level in the lock chamber 1 is equal to the upstream water level. When filling water, when the working valve 9 of the current water-saving tank 2 is closed, the working valve 9 of the next level is opened synchronously to reduce the interruption time during the opening and closing of the working valve 9, thereby further improving the water delivery efficiency and achieving a better water saving rate through the cooperation of the three-level water-saving tank 2.

[0038] In one or more embodiments, the designed water level difference is 1.3m-1.5m. The designed water level difference is preferably obtained after physical testing based on the structural characteristics of the ship lock to ensure smooth water-saving operation at a higher water transfer efficiency and to ensure the simultaneous improvement of water transfer efficiency and water saving rate.

[0039] In one or more embodiments, the continuous opening time of the working valve 9 is 1 minute, and the continuous closing time is 0.5 minute. The fast opening and closing operation mode of the working valve 9 is limited. Under the fast opening and closing operation mode, combined with the reasonable arrangement of the structure of the ship lock water delivery system, the total water delivery time of the ship lock is further shortened, the water delivery efficiency of the ship lock water delivery system is improved, and the time and energy consumption of water delivery are reduced.

[0040] Example 2 A method for verifying water-saving operation of a ship lock water delivery system, which relates to a water-saving operation method of a ship lock water delivery system in embodiment 1, and comprises the following steps: Step 1: Establish a physical model of the ship lock including the water delivery system according to the characteristic size parameters of the ship lock water delivery system; Step 2: Determine the characteristic water level conditions based on the upstream and downstream water level data of the ship lock; Step 3: Conduct a water-saving operation hydraulic characteristic test of the ship lock under characteristic water level conditions according to the designed operating conditions; Step 4: Analyze the hydraulic characteristics of the lock water delivery to determine whether the design operating conditions meet the requirements. If not, adjust the relevant parameters and repeat steps 3-4. If so, the design operating conditions can be used for lock operation.

[0041] A water-saving operation verification method for a ship lock water delivery system in this embodiment establishes a physical model to conduct a ship lock water delivery hydraulic characteristics test, thereby providing data support for the water-saving operation of the ship lock, so that the ship lock can minimize the water delivery time, improve the water delivery efficiency, and achieve a better water saving rate under the above-mentioned water-saving operation method.

[0042] In an optional implementation, in step 1, taking a ship lock that meets the passage of ships of at least 3000t as an example, a physical model of the ship lock water supply system is designed according to the gravity similarity criterion. The geometric ratio between the prototype and the model can be 1:30. The model includes the upper and lower gates of the ship lock, a water-saving tank 2, a water supply system, upstream and downstream pilot channels, etc. The characteristic size parameters of the water supply system include the upstream water inlet gallery 5, the downstream water outlet gallery 8, the middle branch gallery 6, the water filling gallery 4, the water discharge gallery 7, the branch gallery 10, the water inlet and outlet 11 of the lock chamber 1, and the structural characteristic parameters of the water inlet and outlet channels 24 related to the water-saving tank 2.

[0043] In an optional implementation, in step 2, the characteristic water level conditions include the maximum design head condition, the normal head condition and the minimum navigable water level condition. The maximum design head condition is a water level combination of the highest navigable water level upstream and the lowest navigable water level downstream. Under the same valve operation mode, under the maximum design head condition, the water delivery time is the longest, the water delivery flow is the largest, and the pressure condition of the water delivery system and the ship berthing conditions in the lock chamber 1 are the worst. Therefore, in the model test, the maximum design head condition is used as the main research condition so that the test results can accurately guide the operation of the ship lock water delivery system. At the same time, in order to further guide the water-saving operation of the ship lock water delivery system, the normal head condition and the minimum navigable water level condition are also modeled. Among them, the normal head condition is a water level combination of the normal water storage level upstream and the normal water level downstream, and the minimum navigable water level condition is a water level combination of the lowest navigable water level upstream and the lowest navigable water level downstream.

[0044] In one or several embodiments, in step 3, the design operating conditions include the requirements for the opening and closing time of the working valve 9 and / or the requirements for the opening and closing timing of the working valve 9. By limiting the design operating conditions in advance, the same valve operation mode can be adopted in the water-saving operation process of the ship lock water supply system at each stage. In the model test, the water supply hydraulic characteristics of the water-saving operation of the ship lock water supply system can be more accurately reflected.

[0045] In an optional implementation, the opening and closing time requirements of the working valve 9 can be that the working valve 9 is continuously opened for 0.5-1.5 minutes and the continuous closing time does not exceed 1 minute, so as to shorten the total water-saving operation time of the ship lock water delivery system and improve the passage efficiency of the ship lock.

[0046] In an optional implementation, the opening and closing timing of the working valve 9 can be that at the end of each stage of water delivery, the dynamic water valve closing method is adopted, so that when there is a certain water level difference between the water saving tank 2 and the ship lock chamber 1, the working valve 9 of the corresponding corridor begins to be closed, so that the water levels on both sides are basically flush when the working valve 9 is finally closed. This can reduce the interval time between the working valves 9 that act successively, further shorten the total water-saving operation time of the water delivery system, and improve the passage efficiency of the ship lock.

[0047] Further preferably, the designed operating conditions may be that the working valve 9 is continuously opened for 1 minute and continuously closed for 0.5 minutes, and the working valve 9 starts to operate when the water level difference is designed.

[0048] In one or several embodiments, in step 3, the water delivery hydraulic characteristics test may include testing the water delivery hydraulic characteristics of the ship lock under different design operating conditions and different characteristic water level conditions, and the water delivery hydraulic characteristics include water delivery time, water delivery flow, and water level change characteristics of the lock chamber 1.

[0049] In an optional implementation, a number of sensors can be arranged on the lock chamber 1 and the corresponding corridor to measure the pressure, flow, time and water level characteristics at various points in the filling and discharge process of the lock chamber 1. A water measuring weir can also be set at the downstream outlet of the model to measure the constant flow rate of the lock chamber 1. The measured data can be collected and processed by a computer system to obtain and analyze the hydraulic characteristic parameters of the water transmission.

[0050] Taking a high operating head and large volume ship lock as an example, the above-mentioned water-saving operation verification method of a ship lock water delivery system is described. The ship lock adopts the water-saving operation method of embodiment 1, and includes the following steps: Step 1: Establish a physical model of the ship lock including the water delivery system based on the characteristic size parameters of the ship lock water delivery system.

[0051] Step 2: Considering the same valve operating conditions, the filling and discharging tests of the maximum design head condition, normal head condition and minimum navigable water level condition of the ship lock are carried out to verify the filling and discharging test. According to the upstream and downstream water level data of the ship lock, the maximum design head condition water level combination of 63.6m and 34m, the normal head condition water level combination of 62.3m and 35m, and the minimum navigable water level condition water level combination of 57.8m and 34m are determined.

[0052] Step 3: Determine the design operating conditions, and determine the filling and discharging test research conditions of the three-level water-saving operation of the ship lock under different operating water level combinations, as shown in Table 4 and Table 5.

[0053] Table 4. Maximum design head hydraulic characteristics test research conditions Table 5. Minimum navigable water level hydraulic characteristics test study conditions As can be seen from the above table, the water delivery hydraulic characteristic test covers the operating condition tests for different operating water level combinations and different opening and closing time requirements of the working valve 9.

[0054] Then, under the set opening and closing time requirements of the working valve 9, the corresponding water-saving operation water delivery hydraulic characteristic test is carried out to obtain characteristic hydraulic index values ​​including water delivery time, maximum flow rate and maximum rising speed of water level in the lock chamber 1 under different filling and discharge operation conditions of the ship lock, and further obtain, for example Figure 4-Figure 9 As shown in the characteristic curves of the water level change process line and flow change process line of the typical operating chamber 1 during the maximum head water-saving operation, it can be seen that when the ship lock is in water-saving operation, the total water delivery head is divided into four stages by the three-level water-saving tank 2. Compared with the conventional ship lock water delivery structure, the head in each water delivery stage is significantly reduced.

[0055] Step 4: Analyze the hydraulic characteristics of the ship lock water delivery. Taking the three-level water-saving operation at the maximum design head as an example, under the water filling condition of the lock chamber 1, the three-level water-saving tank 2 adopts the same valve opening and closing operation mode, and its maximum flow rate of water filling to the lock chamber 1 is basically the same. When the water delivery valve of the water-saving tank 2 is opened for 0.5~1.5min, the corresponding maximum water filling flow rate is 545.12~611.04m3 / s, and the corresponding maximum water surface rising speed of the lock chamber 1 is 2.83~3.18m / min. The flow velocity of the corridor section at the valve at the maximum flow rate is about 8.39~9.40m / s. When the water filling valve of the gate head is opened for 0.5~1.5min, the corresponding maximum water filling flow rate is 540.04~578.20m3 / s, and the flow velocity of the corridor section at the valve at the maximum flow rate is about 8.31~8.90 m / s, and the average maximum flow velocity at the water inlet is about 2.23m / s. Under the initially proposed ship lock operation mode (tv = tv1 = 1.0min, tv2 = 0.5min), the total water filling time of the ship lock chamber 1 measured by the model is about 16.94 min. Under the discharge condition of the lock chamber 1, the three-level water saving tank 2 adopts the same valve opening and closing operation mode, and the maximum flow rate of water discharged from the lock chamber 1 to it is basically the same. When the water transfer valve of the water saving tank 2 is opened for 0.5~1.5min, the corresponding maximum water discharge flow is 479.85~531.04 m3 / s, and the flow velocity of the corridor section at the valve at the maximum flow is about 7.38~8.17m / s. When the opening time of the discharge valve at the gate is also 0.5~1.5min, the corresponding maximum discharge flow is 548.54~602.53m3 / s, the corresponding maximum drop speed of the water surface in the lock chamber 1 is 2.85~3.13 m / min, and the flow velocity of the corridor section at the valve at the maximum flow is about 8.44~9.27m / s. Under the initial proposed ship lock operation mode (tv =tv1 =1.0min, tv2 =0.5min), the total discharge time of the model measured ship lock chamber 1 is about 18.28 min.

[0056] Combined with the above test results, it can be seen that when the working valve 9 adopts a uniform opening time of 1 minute and a uniform closing time of 0.5 minutes, the various water delivery hydraulic indicators meet the requirements, and according to the previous ship lock model test and prototype observation results, considering the scale effect of the model test, the prototype ship lock filling and discharging water delivery time will be shortened, basically meeting the design requirements. At the same time, the corresponding water saving rate can reach 63.6%, which meets the demand.

[0057] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions and improvements made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A water-saving operation method for a ship lock water delivery system, characterized in that: The ship lock water delivery system connects the lock chamber (1) and the water saving tank (2) through a connecting corridor (3) along the width direction of the middle part of the lock chamber (1); connects the upstream water inlet corridor (5) and the middle part of the middle branch corridor (6) arranged longitudinally in the lock chamber (1) through a horizontal turn of a water filling corridor (4) along the longitudinal direction of the lock chamber (1); connects the middle part of the middle branch corridor (6) and the downstream water outlet corridor (8) through a water discharge corridor (7) along the longitudinal direction of the lock chamber (1); the water filling corridor (4) and the water discharge corridor (7) are arranged on the same side of the lock chamber (1) in the width direction; the water saving tank (2) is arranged on the other side of the lock chamber (1) in the width direction; the water filling corridor (4), the water discharge corridor (7) and the connecting corridor (3) are respectively provided with working valves (9); and the continuous opening time of each working valve (9) is 0.5-1.5 minutes, and the continuous closing time does not exceed 1 minute.

2. A water-saving operation method for a ship lock water delivery system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The ship lock water delivery system is provided with a plurality of branch corridors (10) at the bottom of a lock chamber (1) to connect a middle branch corridor (6), each branch corridor (10) is provided with a plurality of water inlets and outlets (11) connected to the lock chamber (1), a plurality of water inlet and outlet sections (12) symmetrically arranged along a boundary line in the middle of the lock chamber (1) are formed in the lock chamber (1), and a water-saving pool (2) is symmetrically arranged with water inlet and outlet channels (24) on both sides of a boundary line between the upper and lower pools.

3. A water-saving operation method for a ship lock water delivery system according to claim 2, characterized in that: The water saving pool (2) comprises a primary pool (21), a secondary pool (22) and a tertiary pool (23); the primary pool (21) is arranged above the tertiary pool (23), and the secondary pool (22) is arranged on a side of the primary pool (21) away from the lock chamber (1); when discharging water, the tertiary pool (23), the secondary pool (22) and the primary pool (21) are sequentially connected to the lock chamber (1) for discharging water; when filling water, the primary pool (21), the secondary pool (22) and the tertiary pool (23) are sequentially connected to the lock chamber (1) for filling water.

4. A water-saving operation method for a ship lock water delivery system according to claim 3, characterized in that: When there is a designed water level difference between the water level in the lock chamber (1) and the water level in the water saving tank (2), the working valve (9) starts to be opened or closed at a uniform speed to discharge or fill the lock chamber (1). The total water delivery time of the ship lock does not exceed 15 minutes, and the water saving rate is not less than 60%.

5. A water-saving operation method for a ship lock water delivery system according to claim 4, characterized in that: When discharging water, the third-level pool (23) is connected to the lock chamber (1). When there is a designed water level difference between the water level in the lock chamber (1) and the water level in the third-level pool (23), the working valve (9) between the third-level pool (23) and the lock chamber (1) begins to be closed, and the working valve (9) between the second-level pool (22) and the lock chamber (1) is opened synchronously; when there is a designed water level difference between the water level in the lock chamber (1) and the water level in the second-level pool (22), the working valve (9) between the second-level pool (22) and the lock chamber (1) begins to be closed, and the working valve (9) between the first-level pool (21) and the lock chamber (1) is opened synchronously; when there is a designed water level difference between the water level in the lock chamber (1) and the water level in the first-level pool (21), the working valve (9) between the first-level pool (21) and the lock chamber (1) begins to be closed, and the working valve (9) between the downstream outlet corridor (8) and the lock chamber (1) is opened synchronously until the water level in the lock chamber (1) is equal to the downstream water level.

6. A water-saving operation method for a ship lock water delivery system according to claim 4, characterized in that: When filling with water, the first-level pool (21) is connected to the lock chamber (1). When there is a designed water level difference between the water level in the lock chamber (1) and the water level in the first-level pool (21), the working valve (9) between the first-level pool (21) and the lock chamber (1) begins to be closed, and the working valve (9) between the second-level pool (22) and the lock chamber (1) is opened synchronously; when the water level in the lock chamber (1) and the water level in the second-level pool (22) reach the designed water level difference, the working valve (9) between the second-level pool (22) and the lock chamber (1) begins to be closed, and the working valve (9) between the third-level pool (23) and the lock chamber (1) is opened synchronously; when the water level in the lock chamber (1) and the water level in the third-level pool (23) reach the designed water level difference, the working valve (9) between the third-level pool (23) and the lock chamber (1) begins to be closed, and the working valve (9) between the upstream water inlet corridor (5) and the lock chamber (1) is opened synchronously until the water level in the lock chamber (1) is equal to the upstream water level.

7. A water-saving operation method for a ship lock water delivery system according to any one of claims 4 to 6, characterized in that: The designed water level difference is 1.3m-1.5m.

8. A water-saving operation method for a ship lock water delivery system according to any one of claims 4 to 6, characterized in that: The continuous opening time of the working valve (9) is 1 minute, and the continuous closing time is 0.5 minute.

9. A method for verifying water-saving operation of a ship lock water delivery system, characterized in that: The water-saving operation method of the ship lock water delivery system according to any one of claims 1 to 8 further comprises: Step 1: Establish a physical model of the ship lock including the water delivery system according to the characteristic size parameters of the ship lock water delivery system; Step 2: Determine the characteristic water level conditions based on the upstream and downstream water level data of the ship lock; Step 3: Conduct a water-saving operation hydraulic characteristic test of the ship lock under characteristic water level conditions according to the designed operating conditions; Step 4: Analyze the hydraulic characteristics of the lock water delivery to determine whether the design operating conditions meet the requirements. If not, adjust the relevant parameters and repeat steps 3-4.

10. A water-saving operation verification method for a ship lock water delivery system according to claim 9, characterized in that: In step 2, the characteristic water level conditions include the maximum design head condition, the normal head condition and the minimum navigation water level condition.

11. A water-saving operation verification method for a ship lock water delivery system according to claim 10, characterized in that: In step 3, the design operating conditions include the requirements for the opening and closing time of the working valve (9) and / or the requirements for the opening and closing timing of the working valve (9); the water delivery hydraulic characteristic test includes testing the water delivery hydraulic characteristics of the ship lock under different design operating conditions and different characteristic water level conditions, and the water delivery hydraulic characteristics include the water delivery time, water delivery flow, and the water level change characteristics of the lock chamber (1).

12. A method for verifying water-saving operation of a ship lock water delivery system according to claim 11, characterized in that: In step 4, according to the design operating conditions, the water level changes of the lock chamber (1) and the water-saving tank (2) during the water-saving operation of the ship lock under the characteristic water level condition are determined, and the water-saving rate is calculated.

Images