Self-adaptive drilling machine based on hole bottom drilling parameters and control method

Abstract

The invention discloses a self-adaptive drilling machine based on hole bottom drilling parameters and a control method. The self-adaptive drilling machine comprises a driver, a drill rod, a drill bit, a first sliding block, an adjusting module, a hole bottom drilling parameter measuring module, a control module and a power module. According to the self-adaptive drilling machine based on the hole bottom drilling parameters, the optimal working state of the drill bit can be automatically adjusted under different stratum conditions, and the self-adaptive drilling machine has high self-adaptive capacity. When drilling is conducted in a complex area with large stratum lithology change and soft and hard staggering, the control module can accurately adjust the position of the first sliding block through real-time data feedback of the hole bottom drilling parameter measuring module, and therefore the cutting teeth make contact with and drill into the stratum in the best drilling state. Accurate operation is achieved, excessive drilling or insufficient drilling is avoided, high drilling efficiency and the service life of the drill bit can be kept, and the drill bit can be reduced.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of drilling equipment, and in particular to an adaptive drilling rig based on bottom hole drilling parameters. Background Art

[0002] In the process of coal mine tunnel support construction, the drilling rig is used to dig holes required for the tunnel. These holes are mainly used to install support materials such as anchor rods and anchor cables. Therefore, the quality of the drilling will directly affect whether the subsequent support materials can play an effective role. In the related technology, the automated drilling rig generally judges the changes in the bottom strata of the hole based on the orifice parameters, and adaptively adjusts the axial thrust and rotation speed of the drill rod according to the changes in the bottom strata of the hole, so that the drilling rig works in the optimal drilling area of ​​the rock to obtain the maximum drilling efficiency and drilling speed. However, the orifice parameters are affected by factors such as the long distance, friction and curvature deformation of the drill rod. The accuracy and timeliness of the parameters measured at the orifice are poor, and it is impossible to quickly and truly reflect the bottom of the hole, which delays the judgment of the bottom strata of the hole. In particular, when the drill bit is drilling in an area where the lithology of the strata changes greatly and the soft and hard are interlaced, the drill rig cannot adjust the axial thrust and rotation speed of the drill rig in time according to the bottom strata of the hole, resulting in reduced working efficiency and service life of the drill bit. Summary of the invention

[0003] The present invention aims to solve one of the technical problems in the related art at least to a certain extent. To this end, an embodiment of the present invention provides an adaptive drilling rig and a control method based on bottom hole drilling parameters.

[0004] The adaptive drilling machine based on bottom hole drilling parameters of the embodiment of the present invention comprises a driving machine, a drill rod, a drill bit, a first slider, an adjustment module, a bottom hole drilling parameter measurement module, a control module and a power module, wherein the driving machine is connected to the drill rod, and the driving machine is used to drive the drill rod to rotate and provide an axial propulsion force to the drill rod; the drill bit is a hollow structure, and the drill bit comprises a connected straight section and a tapered section, the straight section is connected to the drill rod, the cross-sectional area of ​​the tapered section gradually decreases along the direction from the drill rod to the drill bit, and a first through hole is provided on the side wall of the tapered section; the first slider is slidably matched with the first through hole along the axial direction of the first through hole, and a plurality of cutting teeth arranged at intervals are provided on the outer end surface of the first slider; the adjustment module is arranged in the drill bit and connected to the first slider, and is used to adjust the position of the first slider in the axial direction of the first through hole; the bottom hole drilling parameter measurement module is arranged in the drill bit, and is used to measure the bottom hole drilling parameters;

[0005] The control module is connected to the adjustment module and the bottom hole drilling parameter measurement module respectively, and the control module can control the adjustment module to adjust the position of the first slider based on the bottom hole drilling parameters obtained by the bottom hole drilling parameter measurement module;

[0006] The power supply module is arranged in the drill bit and is used to supply power to the adjustment module, the bottom hole drilling parameter measurement module and the control module.

[0007] In some embodiments, the adjustment module includes a fixed frame, a driving member, an adjusting member and a reset spring. The fixed frame is arranged in the straight segment, the driving member is arranged on the fixed frame and is connected to the control module, the driving member is connected to the adjusting member for driving the adjusting member to move in the axial direction of the drill rod, the adjusting member includes a tapered portion, and the cross-sectional area of ​​the tapered portion gradually decreases along the direction from the drill rod to the drill bit. The inner end surface of the first slider is suitable for abutting against the outer wall surface of the tapered portion so that the tapered portion pushes the first slider to slide, and the reset spring is arranged between the tapered section and the first slider, for providing an elastic force to the first slider along the axial direction of the first through hole toward the tapered portion.

[0008] In some embodiments, the adjusting member also includes a sliding portion, which is connected to the conical portion. The adjusting assembly also includes a fixed plate and a screw. The fixed plate is arranged between the driving member and the conical portion. A sliding groove is provided on the fixed plate. The sliding portion can be slidably matched with the sliding groove along the axial direction of the drill rod. The driving member is a motor. One end of the screw is connected to the output shaft of the motor, and the other end of the screw is threadedly connected to the sliding portion. The motor drives the screw to rotate, which can drive the sliding portion to slide in the axial direction of the drill rod.

[0009] In some embodiments, a groove opening toward the conical portion is formed on the inner wall of the conical section, a first extension portion is formed on the side wall of the first sliding block, and two ends of the return spring respectively abut against the bottom wall of the groove and the first extension portion.

[0010] In some embodiments, there are multiple first through holes, and the multiple first through holes are arranged at intervals along the circumference of the tapered section. There are multiple first sliding blocks, and the multiple first sliding blocks are matched with the multiple first through holes in a one-to-one correspondence.

[0011] In some embodiments, the plurality of cutting teeth are distributed in a matrix on the outer end surface of the first slider.

[0012] In some embodiments, a second through hole extending along the axial direction of the drill rod is formed at the top of the cone section, and a second sliding block is provided on the cone portion. The second sliding block can be slidably matched with the second through hole, and the second sliding block is provided with cutting teeth on the end face of the drill rod away from the cone portion in the axial direction.

[0013] In some embodiments, the bottom hole drilling parameter measurement module includes at least one sensor for monitoring bottom hole drilling parameters, and the bottom hole drilling parameters include at least one of torque parameters, rotation speed parameters, drilling pressure parameters, temperature parameters and pressure parameters.

[0014] In some embodiments, the control module is connected to the driving machine control, and the control module can control the rotation speed and axial thrust provided by the driving machine to the drill pipe based on the bottom hole drilling parameters obtained by the bottom hole drilling parameter measurement module;

[0015] Among them, when the bottom hole drilling parameters obtained by the bottom hole drilling parameter measurement module exceed the preset value, the rotation speed and axial thrust of the drill rod are reduced; when the bottom hole drilling parameters obtained by the bottom hole drilling parameter measurement module are less than the preset value, the rotation speed and axial thrust of the drill rod are increased.

[0016] The control method of the adaptive drilling rig based on bottom hole drilling parameters of the embodiment of the present invention includes:

[0017] Detect bottom hole drilling parameters;

[0018] Compare bottom hole drilling parameters with preset values;

[0019] If the bottom hole drilling parameter is greater than the preset value, the length of the cutting teeth extending out of the drill bit is reduced;

[0020] If the bottom hole drilling parameter is less than the preset value, increase the length of the cutting teeth extending out of the drill bit.

[0021] The adaptive drilling rig based on bottom hole drilling parameters of the embodiment of the present invention can automatically adjust the optimal working state of the drill bit under different formation conditions, and has strong adaptive ability. When drilling in a complex area with large changes in formation lithology and interlaced soft and hard layers, the control module can accurately adjust the position of the first slider through the real-time data feedback of the bottom hole drilling parameter measurement module, so that the cutting teeth contact and drill the formation in the best drilling state. It realizes precise operation, avoids over-drilling or under-drilling, can maintain a high drilling efficiency and drill life of the drill bit, and can also reduce drilling accidents caused by formation changes, thereby improving the safety of operations. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0022] Figure 1 This is a usage status diagram of an adaptive drilling rig based on bottom hole drilling parameters according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0023] Figure 2 It is a schematic diagram of the connection between the drill rod and the drill bit according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0024] Figure 3 It is a cross-sectional view of a drill rod and a drill bit according to an embodiment of the present invention in a first working state.

[0025] Figure 4 yes Figure 3 Enlarged schematic diagram of part A.

[0026] Figure 5 It is a cross-sectional view of the drill rod and the drill bit of the embodiment of the present invention in the second working state.

[0027] Figure 6 yes Figure 5 Schematic diagram of the enlarged portion B.

[0028] Reference numerals:

[0029] 1. Driving machine; 2. Drill rod; 3. Drill bit; 301. Straight section; 302. Conical section; 3021. Groove; 4. First slider; 401. First extension portion; 5. Cutting teeth; 6. Control module; 7. Power module; 8. Fixed frame; 9. Driving member; 10. Adjusting member; 1001. Conical portion; 1002. Sliding portion; 11. Reset spring; 12. Fixed plate; 13. Screw; 14. Second slider. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0030] Embodiments of the present invention are described in detail below, and examples of the embodiments are shown in the accompanying drawings. The embodiments described below with reference to the accompanying drawings are exemplary and intended to be used to explain the present invention, but should not be understood as limiting the present invention.

[0031] like Figures 1 to 6 As shown, the adaptive drilling machine based on bottom hole drilling parameters of the embodiment of the present invention includes a driver 1, a drill rod 2, a drill bit 3, a first slide block 4, an adjustment module, a bottom hole drilling parameter measurement module, a control module 6 and a power module 7. The driver 1 is connected to the drill rod 2, and the driver 1 is used to drive the drill rod 2 to rotate and provide an axial propulsion force to the drill rod 2.

[0032] The drill bit 3 is a hollow structure, and includes a connected straight section 301 and a tapered section 302. The straight section 301 is connected to the drill rod 2. The cross-sectional area of ​​the tapered section 302 gradually decreases along the direction from the drill rod 2 to the drill bit 3. A first through hole is opened on the side wall of the tapered section 302.

[0033] The first slider 4 is slidably matched with the first through hole along the axial direction of the first through hole, and a plurality of spaced cutting teeth 5 are provided on the outer end surface of the first slider 4. The adjustment module is arranged in the drill bit 3 and connected to the first slider 4, and is used to adjust the position of the first slider 4 in the axial direction of the first through hole.

[0034] The bottom hole drilling parameter measurement module is provided in the drill bit 3 and is used to measure the bottom hole drilling parameters. The control module 6 is connected to the adjustment module and the bottom hole drilling parameter measurement module respectively. The control module 6 can control the adjustment module to adjust the position of the first slider 4 based on the bottom hole drilling parameters obtained by the bottom hole drilling parameter measurement module. The power supply module 7 is provided in the drill bit 3 and is used to supply power to the adjustment module, the bottom hole drilling parameter measurement module and the control module 6.

[0035] When the adaptive drilling machine based on bottom hole drilling parameters of the embodiment of the present invention is working, the driver 1 drives the rotation of the drill rod 2 and provides axial propulsion, and the cutting teeth 5 provided on the drill bit 3 contact the bottom hole formation to perform drilling operations. During the drilling process of the drill bit 3, the bottom hole drilling parameter measurement module is responsible for measuring the bottom hole drilling parameters in real time, and the bottom hole drilling parameters measured by the bottom hole drilling parameter measurement module are transmitted to the control module 6, and the control module 6 processes the bottom hole drilling parameters and compares and analyzes them with the preset values.

[0036] When the drill bit 3 is drilling into a hard formation, the bottom hole drilling parameter will be greater than the threshold value, and the control module 6 controls the adjustment module to adjust the axial position of the first slider 4 in the drill rod 3, thereby reducing the length of the cutting tooth 5 extending out of the drill bit 3, thereby reducing the cutting area of ​​the cutting tooth 5 on the hard formation, which can not only avoid excessive wear of the cutting tooth 5, but also avoid damage to the hard formation and loss of cutting function of the cutting tooth 5.

[0037] When the drill bit 3 is drilling into a soft formation, the bottom hole drilling parameter will be less than the threshold value. The control module 6 controls the adjustment module to adjust the axial position of the first slider 4 in the drill rod 3, thereby increasing the length of the cutting tooth 5 extending out of the drill bit 3, increasing the cutting area between the cutting tooth 5 and the soft formation, and thus increasing the drilling efficiency of the drill bit 3.

[0038] Therefore, the adaptive drilling rig based on the bottom hole drilling parameters of the embodiment of the present invention can automatically adjust the optimal working state of the drill bit 3 under different formation conditions, and has strong adaptive ability. When drilling in a complex area with large changes in formation lithology and interlaced soft and hard layers, the control module 6 can accurately adjust the position of the first slider 4 through the real-time data feedback of the bottom hole drilling parameter measurement module, so that the cutting tooth 5 contacts and drills the formation in the optimal drilling state. Precise operation is achieved, over-drilling or under-drilling is avoided, the high drilling efficiency and life of the drill bit 3 can be maintained, and drilling accidents caused by formation changes can be reduced, thereby improving the safety of the operation.

[0039] In some embodiments, the adjustment module includes a fixing frame 8, a driving member 9, an adjusting member 10 and a reset spring 11. The fixing frame 8 is arranged in the straight section 301, the driving member 9 is arranged on the fixing frame 8 and is connected to the control module 6, and the driving member 9 is connected to the adjusting member 10 for driving the adjusting member 10 to move in the axial direction of the drill rod 2. The adjusting member 10 includes a tapered portion 1001, the cross-sectional area of ​​the tapered portion 1001 gradually decreases along the direction from the drill rod 2 to the drill bit 3, and the inner end surface of the first slider 4 is suitable for abutting against the outer wall surface of the tapered portion 1001, so that the tapered portion 1001 pushes the first slider 4 to slide. The reset spring 11 is arranged between the tapered section 302 and the first slider 4, and is used to provide an elastic force to the first slider 4 along the axial direction of the first through hole toward the tapered portion 1001.

[0040] like Figure 4 and Figure 6 As shown, the fixing frame 8 is a basic part of the whole adjustment module, which is installed in the straight section 301 to provide a stable support and mounting surface for other components. It is usually made of reinforced metal materials, such as stainless steel or alloy steel, to withstand high pressure and extreme temperature in the drilling environment.

[0041] The driving member 9 is arranged on the fixing frame 8 and is connected to the control module 6, and can operate in response to the signal or command sent by the control module 6. The driving member 9 can be a servo motor, a pneumatic or a hydraulic motor, which receives the signal from the control module 6 and converts these signals into mechanical motion, so as to accurately control the movement of the adjusting member 10 in the axial direction of the drill rod 2. The adjusting member 10 includes a tapered portion 1001, and the cross-sectional area of ​​the tapered portion 1001 gradually decreases along the direction from the drill rod 2 to the drill bit 3, so that when the adjusting member 10 moves in the direction away from the drill rod 2, it can generate a thrust on the first slider 4, thereby realizing the sliding of the first slider 4. Since the reset spring 11 is arranged between the tapered section 302 and the first slider 4, an elastic force is provided, and this force is directed toward the tapered portion 1001 along the axial direction of the first through hole. When the adjusting member 10 moves in the direction toward the drill rod 2, the reset spring 11 can make the first slider 4 always close to the tapered portion 1001.

[0042] Therefore, the setting of the conical portion 1001 of the adjusting member 10 and the return spring 11 enables it to finely adjust the position of the first slider 4 to adapt to different drilling conditions or complete specific operation requirements, thereby improving the accuracy and efficiency of the operation.

[0043] In some embodiments, the adjusting member 10 further includes a sliding portion 1002, and the sliding portion 1002 is connected to the tapered portion 1001. The adjusting assembly further includes a fixing plate 12 and a screw 13, the fixing plate 12 is arranged between the driving member 9 and the tapered portion 1001, a sliding through groove is provided on the fixing plate 12, and the sliding portion 1002 can slidably cooperate with the sliding through groove along the axial direction of the drill rod 2. The driving member 9 is a motor, one end of the screw 13 is connected to the output shaft of the motor, and the other end of the screw 13 is threadedly connected to the sliding portion 1002, and the motor drives the screw 13 to rotate to drive the sliding portion 1002 to slide in the axial direction of the drill rod 2.

[0044] Specifically, as 4 and Figure 6 As shown, the output shaft of the motor drives the screw 13 to rotate by rotating, and the screw 13 is threadedly connected to the sliding part. The rotation of the screw 13 drives the sliding part 1002 to slide in the axial direction of the drill rod 2. The sliding part 1002 slides and drives the conical part 1001 to move in the axial direction of the drill rod 2, thereby converting the rotational motion of the motor into linear motion to drive the movement of the adjustment member 10. This structure may have higher flexibility and adaptability, making the adjustment process smoother and more precise.

[0045] Optionally, a groove 3021 opening toward the conical portion 1001 is formed on the inner wall of the conical section 302, a first extension portion 401 is formed on the side wall of the first slider 4, and two ends of the return spring 11 respectively abut against the bottom wall of the groove 3021 and the first extension portion 401.

[0046] The two ends of the return spring 11 are respectively stopped on the bottom wall of the groove 3021 and the first extension 401. This installation method shows that the function of the return spring 11 is to ensure that the first slider 4 can be accurately returned to the initial position when it is not needed. One end of the return spring 11 contacts the bottom wall of the groove 3021, and the other end contacts the first extension 401. In this way, the elastic force of the return spring 11 can keep the first slider 4 in the correct position, thereby improving the reliability of the entire system.

[0047] In some embodiments, there are multiple first through holes, which are arranged at intervals along the circumference of the tapered section 302 , and there are multiple first sliders 4 , which are matched with the multiple first through holes in a one-to-one correspondence.

[0048] There are multiple first through holes, multiple first sliders 4, and each first slider 4 is matched with multiple first through holes in a one-to-one correspondence, and multiple first through holes are arranged at intervals along the circumference of the tapered section 302. This arrangement helps to achieve a more uniform load distribution and improve the stability and reliability of the adjustment member 10. In addition, the design of multiple sliders and through holes may also provide redundancy. Even if some first sliders 4 fail, other first sliders 4 can continue to work, thereby improving the reliability and safety of the entire system.

[0049] Optionally, a plurality of cutting teeth 5 are distributed in a matrix on the outer end surface of the first sliding block 4 .

[0050] The cutting teeth 5 are used to cut or break the formation rock during the drilling process. The matrix distribution means that the cutting teeth 5 are arranged on the outer end surface of the first slider 4 in a certain regularity or pattern. This distribution can optimize the cutting effect and provide better drilling performance. The matrix distribution of the cutting teeth 5 can improve the cutting efficiency of the drill bit 3 and reduce the wear of the drill bit 3.

[0051] In some embodiments, a second through hole extending along the axial direction of the drill rod 2 is opened at the top of the cone of the conical section 302, and a second slider 14 is provided on the conical portion 1001. The second slider 14 can be slidably matched with the second through hole, and the second slider 14 is provided with cutting teeth 5 on the end face of the drill rod 2 away from the conical portion 1001 in the axial direction.

[0052] The second slider 14 is provided with cutting teeth 5 on the end face of the drill rod 2 axially away from the tapered portion 1001, which means that the second slider 14 can not only move axially but also has a cutting function. The cutting teeth 5 on the second slider 14 can assist the work of the main cutting teeth 5 of the first slider 4, and can realize more precise and complex adjustment operations, while improving the performance and efficiency of the drilling tool.

[0053] In some embodiments, the bottom hole drilling parameter measurement module includes at least one sensor for monitoring bottom hole drilling parameters, and the bottom hole drilling parameters include at least one of torque parameters, rotation speed parameters, drilling pressure parameters, temperature parameters and pressure parameters.

[0054] The bottom hole drilling parameter measurement module can integrate a data processing unit to receive the data sent by the sensor and perform preliminary analysis and processing. This data processing unit can be a simple microcontroller or a complex computer system, depending on the amount of data to be processed and the complexity of the analysis.

[0055] In practical applications, the bottom hole drilling parameter measurement module also needs to consider factors such as the electromagnetic properties of the drilling fluid, the high temperature and high pressure environment downhole, and the impact of particles in the drilling fluid on the sensor. Therefore, the design and selection of sensors need to meet specific industrial standards and performance requirements to ensure accurate and reliable measurement results under extreme drilling conditions.

[0056] In some embodiments, the control module 6 is connected to the driving machine 1 for controlling the rotation speed and axial thrust of the driving machine 1 provided to the drill rod 2 based on the bottom hole drilling parameters obtained by the bottom hole drilling parameter measurement module.

[0057] Among them, when the bottom hole drilling parameters obtained by the bottom hole drilling parameter measurement module exceed the preset value, the rotation speed and axial thrust of the drill rod 2 are reduced; when the bottom hole drilling parameters obtained by the bottom hole drilling parameter measurement module are less than the preset value, the rotation speed and axial thrust of the drill rod 2 are increased.

[0058] The control module 6 is connected to the drive machine 1 control. The core function of the control module 6 is to analyze the data provided by the bottom hole drilling parameter measurement module and make corresponding decisions based on these data. According to the measurement results of the bottom hole drilling parameters, the control module 6 can adjust the rotation speed and axial thrust of the drill pipe 2. If the parameter exceeds the preset value, indicating that the drilling conditions are not good, the control module 6 will reduce the rotation speed and axial thrust of the drill pipe 2, which can reduce the wear on the drill bit 3, help extend the service life of the drill bit 3, and avoid potential well wall collapse or other dangerous situations. On the contrary, if the parameter is lower than the preset value, the control module 6 will increase the rotation speed and axial thrust of the drill pipe 2 to improve the drilling efficiency. This ability to dynamically adjust the rotation speed and axial thrust is an important feature in modern drilling technology, which can ensure that the drilling operation can be carried out efficiently and safely under various conditions. Through real-time monitoring and adjustment, drilling engineers can minimize drilling risks, improve drilling efficiency, and ensure the safe operation of drilling equipment.

[0059] The control module 6 will typically include advanced algorithms and logic circuits to quickly and accurately respond to changes in bottom hole drilling parameters. These algorithms may take into account factors such as the properties of the drilling fluid, the stability of the wellbore, the characteristics of the formation, and the design of the drill bit 3 to determine the optimal rotation speed and axial thrust settings.

[0060] The present invention also discloses a control method of an adaptive drilling rig based on bottom hole drilling parameters, comprising:

[0061] Detect bottom hole drilling parameters;

[0062] Compare bottom hole drilling parameters with preset values;

[0063] If the bottom hole drilling parameter is greater than the preset value, the length of the cutting teeth 5 extending out of the drill bit 3 is reduced;

[0064] If the bottom hole drilling parameter is less than the preset value, the length of the cutting teeth 5 extending out of the drill bit 3 is increased.

[0065] Therefore, the control method of the adaptive drilling rig based on the bottom hole drilling parameters of the embodiment of the present invention can automatically adjust the optimal working state of the drill bit 3 under different formation conditions, and has strong adaptive ability. When drilling in a complex area with large changes in formation lithology and interlaced soft and hard layers, the control module 6 can accurately adjust the position of the first slider 4 through the real-time data feedback of the bottom hole drilling parameter measurement module, so that the cutting tooth 5 contacts and drills the formation in the optimal drilling state. Precise operation is achieved, over-drilling or under-drilling is avoided, the high drilling efficiency and life of the drill bit 3 can be maintained, and drilling accidents caused by formation changes can be reduced, thereby improving the safety of the operation.

[0066] In the description of the present invention, it is to be understood that the terms “center”, “longitudinal”, “lateral”, “length”, “width”, “thickness”, “up”, “down”, “front”, “back”, “left”, “right”, “vertical”, “horizontal”, “top”, “bottom”, “inside”, “outside”, “clockwise”, “counterclockwise”, “axial”, “radial”, “circumferential”, etc., indicating orientations or positional relationships based on the orientations or positional relationships shown in the accompanying drawings, are only for the convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the referred device or element must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be understood as limiting the present invention.

[0067] In addition, the terms "first" and "second" are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be understood as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of the indicated technical features. Therefore, the features defined as "first" and "second" may explicitly or implicitly include at least one of the features. In the description of the present invention, the meaning of "plurality" is at least two, such as two, three, etc., unless otherwise clearly and specifically defined.

[0068] In the present invention, unless otherwise clearly specified and limited, the terms "installed", "connected", "connected", "fixed" and the like should be understood in a broad sense, for example, it can be a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral one; it can be a mechanical connection, an electrical connection, or communication with each other; it can be a direct connection, or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium, it can be the internal connection of two elements or the interaction relationship between two elements, unless otherwise clearly defined. For ordinary technicians in this field, the specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood according to specific circumstances.

[0069] In the present invention, unless otherwise clearly specified and limited, a first feature being "above" or "below" a second feature may mean that the first and second features are in direct contact, or the first and second features are in indirect contact through an intermediate medium. Moreover, a first feature being "above", "above" or "above" a second feature may mean that the first feature is directly above or obliquely above the second feature, or simply means that the first feature is higher in level than the second feature. A first feature being "below", "below" or "below" a second feature may mean that the first feature is directly below or obliquely below the second feature, or simply means that the first feature is lower in level than the second feature.

[0070] In the present invention, the terms "one embodiment", "some embodiments", "examples", "specific examples", or "some examples" etc. mean that the specific features, structures, materials or characteristics described in conjunction with the embodiment or example are included in at least one embodiment or example of the present invention. In this specification, the schematic representations of the above terms do not necessarily refer to the same embodiment or example. Moreover, the described specific features, structures, materials or characteristics may be combined in any one or more embodiments or examples in a suitable manner. In addition, those skilled in the art may combine and combine the different embodiments or examples described in this specification and the features of the different embodiments or examples, without contradiction.

[0071] Although the above embodiments have been shown and described, it is to be understood that the above embodiments are exemplary and are not to be construed as limitations on the present invention. Changes, modifications, substitutions and variations of the above embodiments by those of ordinary skill in the art are all within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. An adaptive drilling rig based on bottom hole drilling parameters, characterized in that: include: A driving machine and a drill rod, wherein the driving machine is connected to the drill rod, and the driving machine is used to drive the drill rod to rotate and provide an axial propulsion force to the drill rod; A drill bit, the drill bit is a hollow structure, the drill bit comprises a connected straight section and a tapered section, the straight section is connected to the drill rod, the cross-sectional area of ​​the tapered section gradually decreases along the direction from the drill rod to the drill bit, and a first through hole is opened on the side wall of the tapered section; a first slider, the first slider being slidably matched with the first through hole along the axial direction of the first through hole, and a plurality of cutting teeth arranged at intervals are provided on an outer end surface of the first slider; an adjusting module, the adjusting module being arranged in the drill bit and connected to the first slider, and being used for adjusting the position of the first slider in the axial direction of the first through hole; A bottom hole drilling parameter measurement module, which is disposed in the drill bit and is used to measure bottom hole drilling parameters; A control module, wherein the control module is connected to the adjustment module and the bottom hole drilling parameter measurement module respectively, and the control module can control the adjustment module to adjust the position of the first sliding block based on the bottom hole drilling parameters obtained by the bottom hole drilling parameter measurement module; A power supply module is arranged in the drill bit and is used to supply power to the adjustment module, the bottom hole drilling parameter measurement module and the control module.

2. The adaptive drilling rig based on bottom hole drilling parameters according to claim 1, characterized in that: The adjusting module comprises a fixing frame, a driving member, an adjusting member and a reset spring, wherein the fixing frame is arranged in the straight section, the driving member is arranged on the fixing frame and is connected to the control module, the driving member is connected to the adjusting member and is used to drive the adjusting member to move in the axial direction of the drill rod, the adjusting member comprises a tapered portion, the cross-sectional area of ​​the tapered portion gradually decreases along the direction from the drill rod to the drill bit, the inner end surface of the first slider is suitable for abutting against the outer wall surface of the tapered portion so that the tapered portion pushes the first slider to slide, and the reset spring is arranged between the tapered section and the first slider, and is used to provide an elastic force to the first slider along the axial direction of the first through hole toward the tapered portion.

3. The adaptive drilling rig based on bottom hole drilling parameters according to claim 2, characterized in that: The adjusting member also includes a sliding portion, which is connected to the tapered portion. The adjusting assembly also includes a fixed plate and a screw. The fixed plate is arranged between the driving member and the tapered portion. A sliding groove is provided on the fixed plate. The sliding portion can slidably cooperate with the sliding groove along the axial direction of the drill rod. The driving member is a motor. One end of the screw is connected to the output shaft of the motor, and the other end of the screw is threadedly connected to the sliding portion. The motor drives the screw to rotate, which can drive the sliding portion to slide in the axial direction of the drill rod.

4. The adaptive drilling rig based on bottom hole drilling parameters according to claim 2, characterized in that: The inner wall of the conical section is provided with a groove opening toward the conical portion, the side wall of the first sliding block is provided with a first extension portion, and the two ends of the return spring are respectively stopped on the bottom wall of the groove and the first extension portion.

5. The adaptive drilling rig based on bottom hole drilling parameters according to claim 2, characterized in that: There are multiple first through holes, which are arranged at intervals along the circumference of the tapered section. There are multiple first sliding blocks, which are matched with the multiple first through holes in a one-to-one correspondence.

6. The adaptive drilling rig based on bottom hole drilling parameters according to claim 1, characterized in that: The plurality of cutting teeth are distributed in a matrix on the outer end surface of the first sliding block.

7. The adaptive drilling rig based on bottom hole drilling parameters according to claim 1, characterized in that: The cone top of the conical section is provided with a second through hole extending along the axial direction of the drill rod, and the conical part is provided with a second sliding block, which can be slidably matched with the second through hole, and the second sliding block is provided with cutting teeth on the end face of the drill rod away from the conical part in the axial direction.

8. The adaptive drilling rig based on bottom hole drilling parameters according to any one of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that: The bottom hole drilling parameter measurement module includes at least one sensor for monitoring bottom hole drilling parameters, and the bottom hole drilling parameters include at least one of a torque parameter, a rotation speed parameter, a bit pressure parameter, a temperature parameter and a pressure parameter.

9. The adaptive drilling rig based on bottom hole drilling parameters according to claim 8, characterized in that: The control module is connected to the driving machine control, and the control module can control the rotation speed and axial propulsion force provided by the driving machine to the drill rod based on the bottom hole drilling parameters obtained by the bottom hole drilling parameter measurement module; Among them, when the bottom hole drilling parameters obtained by the bottom hole drilling parameter measurement module exceed the preset value, the rotation speed and axial thrust of the drill rod are reduced; when the bottom hole drilling parameters obtained by the bottom hole drilling parameter measurement module are less than the preset value, the rotation speed and axial thrust of the drill rod are increased.

10. A method for controlling an adaptive drilling rig based on bottom hole drilling parameters, characterized in that: include: Detect bottom hole drilling parameters; Compare bottom hole drilling parameters with preset values; If the bottom hole drilling parameter is greater than the preset value, the length of the cutting teeth extending out of the drill bit is reduced; If the bottom hole drilling parameter is less than the preset value, increase the length of the cutting teeth extending out of the drill bit.

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