An intelligent ventilation and purification system for garbage rooms

Abstract

The present invention discloses an intelligent ventilation and purification system for a garbage room, including a sensor module, an intelligent controller, a fan, air inlet and exhaust channels, and a purification device. The sensor module monitors environmental parameters such as odor concentration, temperature, humidity, and smoke concentration in the garbage room in real time; the intelligent controller uses an artificial intelligence learning algorithm to analyze environmental data, predict change trends, and generate control instructions for wind speed adjustment, ventilation path adjustment, and purification device operation; the fan adjusts the operating speed according to the control instructions; the air inlet and exhaust channels dynamically adjust the airflow path through electric valves; the purification device includes an ultraviolet lamp and a photocatalytic device for sterilization and air purification. The present invention realizes precise ventilation and efficient purification through a dynamic adjustment algorithm based on environmental parameters, effectively reduces the odor and particle concentration in the garbage room, and reduces energy consumption while ensuring the purification effect.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention belongs to the field of environmental engineering and intelligent control, and in particular relates to an intelligent ventilation and purification system for a garbage room. Background Art

[0002] With the continuous improvement of garbage classification and environmental protection requirements, the air quality of garbage rooms has gradually attracted attention. Existing garbage rooms mostly use fixed-frequency mechanical ventilation and simple filtering equipment. This method has the following technical defects:

[0003] 1. Insufficient real-time monitoring: It is impossible to accurately obtain environmental data such as odor concentration, temperature, humidity, and smoke in the garbage room, making it difficult to achieve dynamic control. For example, traditional monitoring equipment can only measure a single point at a fixed time, with slow data updates and low accuracy, and it is easy to miss local pollution peaks;

[0004] 2. Low purification efficiency: Traditional equipment has limited effect in treating odorous gases and cannot meet the purification needs of high-concentration polluted environments;

[0005] 3. Low level of intelligence: Existing systems are mostly manually adjusted and lack intelligent analysis and prediction capabilities;

[0006] 4. High energy consumption: Long-term operation of equipment without optimization strategy leads to excessive energy consumption and increased maintenance costs.

[0007] In view of the above problems, the present invention proposes a new intelligent ventilation and purification system for garbage rooms, which combines sensor modules, artificial intelligence algorithms and purification devices to optimize ventilation and purification strategies, improve air quality and reduce energy consumption. Summary of the invention

[0008] Purpose of the invention: The present invention aims to provide an intelligent ventilation and purification system for a garbage room, which has the functions of real-time environmental monitoring, intelligent dynamic regulation, efficient air purification and energy-saving operation, so as to solve the shortcomings of the prior art.

[0009] The invention provides a garbage room intelligent ventilation and purification system, comprising a sensor module, which is used to monitor the environmental parameters in the garbage room in real time, including odor concentration, temperature, humidity and smoke concentration, and provides a data basis for subsequent intelligent control;

[0010] An intelligent controller module, which is connected to the sensor module and is used to receive environmental parameter data sent by the sensor, adopt an artificial intelligence-based learning algorithm to analyze the environmental parameter data in real time and predict the trend of garbage room environment changes, analyze the environmental status and generate control instructions;

[0011] A fan, the fan is connected to the intelligent controller module and is used to adjust the wind speed and running time according to the control instructions to meet the ventilation needs under different environmental conditions;

[0012] Air inlet and exhaust channels, each of which is provided with an electric valve for adjusting the air inlet and exhaust paths according to the control instructions, so as to achieve efficient optimization of the ventilation system and ensure reasonable flow and replacement of air in the garbage room;

[0013] The purification device includes an ultraviolet lamp and a photocatalytic device, which is connected to the intelligent control module and is used to be turned on or off according to the control instruction. The ultraviolet lamp can be turned on for sterilization and disinfection as needed. At the same time, the photocatalytic device can decompose and purify harmful gases and pollutants in the air, thereby comprehensively improving the air quality.

[0014] Furthermore, the sensor module described in the present application includes odor sensors, temperature and humidity sensors, and smoke sensors, which are arranged in different positions in the garbage room. Based on the simulation analysis of airflow distribution and odor diffusion in the garbage room, the odor sensors are mainly arranged in corners where odors are easily accumulated, near garbage disposal ports, and in areas with poor ventilation. For example, one sensor is set at each of the four corners of the garbage room and 0.5 meters above the garbage disposal port to ensure accurate capture of changes in odor concentration and real-time monitoring of the concentration of various odors in the garbage room; temperature and humidity sensors are installed at different heights and positions in the garbage room, such as near the wall, top, and ground, according to the temperature and humidity gradient distribution law, such as one sensor is installed at each of the four walls 1 meter and 2 meters above the ground and at the center of the ceiling and the center of the ground to accurately grasp the temperature and humidity levels of the environment and achieve comprehensive temperature and humidity control. Position monitoring: Smoke sensors are installed near possible smoke sources (such as around electrical equipment and areas with potential risk of spontaneous combustion of garbage) and key nodes of air circulation (such as the entrance and exit of ventilation ducts) according to the smoke diffusion simulation results. For example, one is installed 0.3 meters above the electrical control cabinet and 0.2 meters from the entrance and exit of the ventilation duct. They are responsible for monitoring whether smoke is generated and detecting fire hazards in a timely manner. Through multi-position and targeted layout, each sensor collects data from multiple spatial points to form a multi-dimensional perception network for the internal environmental conditions of the entire garbage room, effectively avoiding the one-sidedness of data caused by single-point monitoring and providing comprehensive and accurate environmental parameters for system intelligent control.

[0015] Furthermore, the intelligent controller described in this application has a remote communication module, which can be connected to the cloud platform through 5G or NB-IoT network, and is used to upload garbage room environmental data in real time and receive remote control instructions. Data upload adopts JSON format to ensure the standardization and compatibility of data transmission; the Advanced Encryption Standard (AES) algorithm is used to encrypt the transmitted data to ensure data security and reliability and prevent information leakage; the cloud platform stores data based on the distributed file system (Hadoop Distributed FileSystem, HDFS), with high reliability, high scalability and efficient data management capabilities, which is convenient for subsequent viewing and analysis of environmental conditions at different time periods; with the help of 5G or NB-IoT network, various environmental data such as odor concentration, temperature, humidity, smoke concentration, etc. in the garbage room monitored by the sensor module can be uploaded to the cloud platform in real time, realizing timely synchronization and storage of data, which is convenient for subsequent viewing and analysis of environmental conditions at different time periods, and improving management efficiency and convenience.

[0016] Furthermore, the artificial intelligence learning algorithm described in this application adopts a dynamic adjustment algorithm based on rules and optimization, wherein the real-time data collected from the sensor includes:

[0017] Odor concentration Sg: The pollutant concentration detected by the odor sensor, in ppm.

[0018] Temperature T: Real-time temperature detected by the temperature and humidity sensor, in °C.

[0019] Humidity H: Real-time relative humidity detected by the temperature and humidity sensor, in %.

[0020] Smoke density Ss: The particle density detected by the smoke sensor, in μg / m 3 ;

[0021] The output control instructions are:

[0022] Fan operating parameters F: Fan speed, in m 3 / min,

[0023] Ventilation path command P: the opening and closing status of the air inlet and exhaust valves,

[0024] Purification device status N: start, stop and operation mode of the purification device;

[0025] The sensor data has different dimensions and needs to be normalized first:

[0026]

[0027] in:

[0028] X i The original data include: Sg, T, H, Ss,

[0029] Xmin and Xmax are the preset minimum and maximum values ​​of the corresponding sensors respectively.

[0030] The normalized data range is [0,1], which is convenient for unified processing;

[0031] Combine the data from each sensor to calculate the comprehensive pollution index CI:

[0032] CI=w1·S g +w2·S s +w3·(1-e -αH )+w4·Twhere:

[0033] ω1, ω2, ω3, ω4 are weight coefficients, which are determined by the analytic hierarchy process combined with a large amount of actual garbage room environmental data statistical analysis: ω1 = 0.4, ω2 = 0.3, ω3 = 0.2, ω4 = 0.1 (the value range can be fine-tuned according to different garbage components and environmental conditions, ω1 is 0.3-0.5, ω2 is 0.2-0.4, ω3 is 0.1-0.3, ω4 is 0.05-0.15), satisfying ω1+ω2+ω3+ω4=1,

[0034] The effect of humidity on odor diffusion is expressed by an exponential function, where α is the humidity influence adjustment parameter, and the value range is determined to be 0.1 to 0.5 based on the experimental study of the physical and chemical mechanism of humidity on odor diffusion;

[0035] According to the comprehensive pollution index CI and single sensor data, the following rules are formulated:

[0036] Fan speed adjustment F:

[0037] F=Fmin+(Fmax-Fmin)·CI,

[0038] Among them, Fmin and Fmax are the minimum and maximum operating wind speeds of the fan;

[0039] Ventilation path adjustment P:

[0040] When the local concentration of Sg or Ss is high, the exhaust path corresponding to the area is opened first.

[0041] When the humidity H exceeds 80%, increase the air intake to reduce the humidity;

[0042] Purification device mode adjustment N:

[0043] When Sg>threshold g or Ss>threshold s, turn on the purification device.

[0044] The working mode of the purification device is set according to the following rules:

[0045] N = 0, when CI < 0.3, the purification device is closed;

[0046] N=1, when 0.3≤CI<0.6, the purification device operates at low power;

[0047] N=2, when CI≥0.6, the purification device operates at high power.

[0048] Furthermore, the artificial intelligence learning algorithm described in the present application also includes an optimization module, which introduces a target optimization function to maximize the purification efficiency maxE and minimize the energy consumption Ppower.

[0049] maxE-λPpower

[0050] in:

[0051] The purification efficiency E is related to the rate of reduction of the pollution index:

[0052]

[0053] By real-time monitoring of the changes in the comprehensive pollution index, the purification efficiency is calculated, and the system purification performance energy consumption Ppower is accurately evaluated, which is related to the wind speed F and the power N of the purification device:

[0054] P power =a·F 2 +b·N

[0055] λ is the energy consumption weight coefficient, which is used to balance purification efficiency and energy consumption. a and b are equipment operating parameters, with a ranging from 0.1 to 0.3 and b ranging from 0.05 to 0.15. The energy consumption weight coefficient λ is determined based on a comprehensive analysis of energy costs and environmental benefits. It is determined through a life cycle cost assessment model combined with local energy price policies to have a value range of 0.2 to 0.8, which is used to balance purification efficiency and energy consumption. The optimization module achieves the best air treatment effect with minimal energy consumption, combines the filtration system in the garbage room with the optimized design of the ventilation path, reduces resource waste, achieves a more environmentally friendly operation mode, and improves the overall performance and economic benefits of the system.

[0056] Furthermore, the wavelength range of the ultraviolet lamp of the purification device described in the present application is 250-280nm, and the photocatalytic device uses titanium dioxide catalyst. The wavelength range of the ultraviolet lamp is set at 250-280nm, which belongs to the high-efficiency band of ultraviolet sterilization, and can specifically destroy the DNA or RNA structure of microorganisms such as bacteria and viruses, making them lose their reproduction and survival ability, thereby achieving the effective killing function of microorganisms in the air of the garbage room. The photocatalytic device uses titanium dioxide (TiO2) as a catalyst. Under the irradiation of ultraviolet lamps, titanium dioxide can be excited to produce electron-hole pairs with strong oxidizing properties, thereby initiating a series of photocatalytic oxidation reactions, which can gradually decompose organic pollutants in the air (such as volatile organic compounds, odor molecules, etc.) into harmless substances such as carbon dioxide and water, and play a role in purifying the air.

[0057] Furthermore, the system described in this application has an alarm function. When the smoke concentration exceeds the set threshold of 1000 μg / m 3 Or when the odor concentration exceeds the threshold of 800ppm, the system will sound an audible and visual alarm and start the emergency ventilation mode, in which the fan runs at the maximum wind speed and all exhaust valves are opened. The alarm volume is adjustable in the range of 80 to 120 decibels, the light flashes at a frequency of 1 to 2Hz, and a red warning light is used to ensure that the surrounding personnel are promptly noticed. The smoke concentration and odor concentration in the garbage room can be monitored in real time, and compared with the pre-set threshold (smoke concentration 1000μg / m 3 , odor concentration 800ppm). Once the corresponding threshold is exceeded, the alarm mechanism can be accurately triggered, and an alarm will be issued in the form of sound and light to promptly remind surrounding personnel to pay attention to abnormal situations. At the same time as the alarm is triggered, the emergency ventilation mode will be automatically started, the fan will be quickly adjusted to run at the maximum wind speed, and all exhaust valves will be opened to achieve high-speed and large-scale discharge of air in the garbage room, so as to quickly improve the air quality and evacuate harmful gases and smoke.

[0058] It can be seen from the above technical solution that the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0059] 1. The system uses sensor modules to monitor environmental parameters such as odor concentration, temperature, humidity, and smoke concentration in the garbage room in real time to ensure the comprehensiveness and timeliness of environmental data. The intelligent controller analyzes the environmental status based on artificial intelligence algorithms, predicts future environmental change trends, and dynamically generates control instructions, realizing precise regulation of ventilation and purification equipment, effectively improving the system's response speed and adjustment capabilities.

[0060] 2. The system dynamically adjusts the fan speed and the operating mode of the purification device to minimize energy consumption while ensuring the purification effect. The optimization algorithm introduces an objective function to balance purification efficiency and energy consumption, achieving the best air treatment effect with minimum energy consumption. Combined with the optimization design of the filtration system and ventilation path in the garbage room, it reduces resource waste and achieves a more environmentally friendly operation mode. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0061] Figure 1 This is an architecture diagram of an intelligent ventilation and purification system for a garbage room of the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0062] In a demonstration garbage room in a community, Figure 1 The figure shows the architecture of the intelligent ventilation and purification system of the garbage room, in which an intelligent ventilation and purification system of the present invention is installed. The garbage room has an area of ​​30 square meters, a height of 3 meters, and a total volume of 90 cubic meters. The air inlet and air outlet are set at the diagonal of the room, and are respectively connected to the air inlet channel and the air outlet channel controlled by the electric valve. The purification device includes an ultraviolet lamp (wavelength 254nm) and a titanium dioxide photocatalytic device.

[0063] The garbage room is used frequently every day, and the whole day is divided into the peak period for garbage disposal (08:00–10:00 and 18:00–20:00) and the off-peak period. The following is a detailed data record and system response analysis of the operation process on a certain day.

[0064] 1. Initial environmental data collection

[0065] After the system is started, the sensor module monitors the garbage room environment data in real time, and the sensors are arranged in different positions to cover the entire space. The initial parameters are as follows:

[0066] Odor concentration Sg = 300ppm,

[0067] Temperature T = 28°C,

[0068] Humidity H = 70%,

[0069] Smoke concentration Ss = 100 μg / m 3 ;

[0070] After normalization (assuming Xmin = 0, Xmax is the upper limit of the sensor, 1000ppm, 50℃, 100%, 500μg / m 3 ):

[0071]

[0072] The normalization calculations for other parameters are similar:

[0073] T norm=0.56,H norm =0.7,S s,norm =0.2

[0074] The comprehensive pollution index CI is calculated according to the following formula:

[0075] CI=ω1·S g,norm +ω2·T norm +ω3·H norm +ω4·S s,norm Assume weights ω1=0.4, ω2=0.3, ω3=0.2, ω4=0.1, then:

[0076] CI=0.4·0.3+0.3·0.56+0.2·0.7+0.1·0.2=0.45

[0077] 2. System response

[0078] The system generates control instructions based on the pollution index CI and real-time environmental parameters:

[0079] Fan speed adjustment

[0080] F=Fmin+(Fmax-Fmin)·CI

[0081] Assume that the wind speed range of the fan is Fmin = 5m 3 / min,Fmax=20m 3 / min:

[0082] F=5+(20-5)·0.45=11.75m 3 / min

[0083] The fan is 11.75m 3 / min, ensuring that the air exchange rate in the garbage room reaches about 11.75×60≈705m per hour 3 , equivalent to a ventilation frequency of 7.8 times per hour.

[0084] Ventilation path adjustment

[0085] The exhaust valves corresponding to the areas with higher odor concentration are opened first and set to 80% open state.

[0086] When the humidity is high but not exceeding 80%, keep the air inlet valve 50% open.

[0087] Purification device mode

[0088] Adjust the power of the purification device according to the pollution index:

[0089] CI=0.45, the purification device operates in low power mode, and the ultraviolet lamp and the photocatalytic device work at 60% power respectively.

[0090] 3. Operation effect and adjustment

[0091] After the system runs for 30 minutes, the real-time monitoring results are as follows:

[0092] The odor concentration dropped to Sg = 120ppm,

[0093] The temperature does not change significantly, keeping T = 28°C,

[0094] The humidity drops to H = 65%,

[0095] The smoke concentration dropped to Ss = 50 μg / m 3 ,

[0096] Recalculate the comprehensive pollution index:

[0097] CI=0.4·0.12+0.3·0.56+0.2·0.65+0.1·0.1=0.343

[0098] At this time, the system automatically adjusts:

[0099] The fan speed is reduced to F = 5 + (20-5) 0.343 = 10.15 m 3 / min,

[0100] The purification device is kept running at low power.

[0101] 4. Emergency mode trigger test case

[0102] At 18:30, the smoke concentration in the garbage room suddenly increased to Ss = 1200μg / m3, and the odor concentration rose to Sg = 800ppm. After the system detected the excessive value, it triggered the emergency mode:

[0103] The fan has a maximum wind speed of 20m 3 / min operation.

[0104] All exhaust valves are 100% open to quickly exhaust polluted air.

[0105] The purification device enters high power mode, with the UV lamp and photocatalytic device working together at 100% power.

[0106] Within 10 minutes, the smoke concentration dropped to Ss = 400 μg / m 3 , the odor concentration drops to Sg=300ppm, and the system returns to normal operation mode.

[0107] 5. Energy consumption and effect evaluation

[0108] Daily energy consumption

[0109] The average power of the fan is Pfan = 0.5kW, the average power of the purifier is Ppurifier = 0.3kW, and the total energy consumption is:

[0110] E=(0.5+0.3)·12=9.6kWh

[0111] Purification effect

[0112] The comprehensive pollution index dropped from the initial CI=0.45 to the daily average CI=0.2, and the air quality improved significantly.

[0113] The above embodiments are exemplary, and their purpose is to illustrate the technical concept and features of the present invention so that people familiar with the technology in this field can understand the content of the present invention and implement it accordingly, and they cannot be used to limit the protection scope of the present invention. Any changes or modifications made according to the spirit of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. An intelligent ventilation and purification system for garbage rooms, characterized in that: include: A sensor module, the sensor module is used to monitor the environmental parameters in the garbage room in real time, the environmental parameters including odor concentration, temperature, humidity and smoke concentration; An intelligent controller module, which is connected to the sensor module and is used to receive environmental parameter data sent by the sensor, adopt an artificial intelligence-based learning algorithm to analyze the environmental parameter data in real time and predict the trend of garbage room environment changes, analyze the environmental status and generate control instructions; A fan, the fan being connected to the intelligent controller module and configured to adjust the wind speed and the operating time according to the control instructions; Air inlet and exhaust channels, each of which is provided with an electric valve for adjusting the air inlet and exhaust paths according to the control instructions; The purification device includes an ultraviolet lamp and a photocatalytic device, which is connected to the intelligent control module and is used to be turned on or off according to the control instruction to achieve sterilization and purification of the air.

2. The intelligent ventilation and purification system for garbage room according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The sensor module includes an odor sensor, a temperature and humidity sensor, and a smoke sensor, which are respectively arranged at different positions in the garbage room.

3. The intelligent ventilation and purification system for garbage room according to claim 2 is characterized in that: The intelligent controller has a remote communication module, which can be connected to the cloud platform through a 5G or NB-IoT network to upload garbage room environmental data in real time and receive remote control instructions.

4. The intelligent ventilation and purification system for garbage room according to claim 3 is characterized in that: The artificial intelligence learning algorithm adopts a rule-based and optimized dynamic adjustment algorithm, wherein the real-time data collected from the sensor includes: Odor concentration Sg: The pollutant concentration detected by the odor sensor, in ppm. Temperature T: Real-time temperature detected by the temperature and humidity sensor, in °C. Humidity H: Real-time relative humidity detected by the temperature and humidity sensor, in %. Smoke density Ss: The particle density detected by the smoke sensor, in μg / m 3 ; The output control instructions are: Fan operating parameters F: Fan speed, in m 3 / min, Ventilation path command P: the opening and closing status of the air inlet and exhaust valves, Purification device status N: start, stop and operation mode of the purification device; The sensor data has different dimensions and needs to be normalized first: in: X i The original data include: Sg, T, H, Ss, Xmin and Xmax are the preset minimum and maximum values ​​of the corresponding sensors respectively. The normalized data range is [0,1], which is convenient for unified processing; Combine the data from each sensor to calculate the comprehensive pollution index CI: CI=w1·S g +w2·S s +w3·(1-e -αH )+w4·T in: ω1, ω2, ω3, ω4 are weight coefficients, satisfying ω1+ω2+ω3+ω4=1, The effect of humidity on odor diffusion is expressed as an exponential function, where α is the humidity effect adjustment parameter; According to the comprehensive pollution index CI and single sensor data, the following rules are formulated: Fan speed adjustment F: F=Fmin+(Fmax-Fmin)·CI, Among them, Fmin and Fmax are the minimum and maximum operating wind speeds of the fan; Ventilation path adjustment P: When the local concentration of Sg or Ss is high, the exhaust path corresponding to the area is opened first. When the humidity H exceeds 80%, increase the air intake to reduce the humidity; Purification device mode adjustment N: When Sg>threshold g or Ss>threshold s, turn on the purification device. The working mode of the purification device is set according to the following rules: N = 0, when CI < 0.3, the purification device is closed; N=1, when 0.3≤CI<0.6, the purification device operates at low power; N=2, when CI≥0.6, the purification device operates at high power.

5. The intelligent ventilation and purification system for garbage room according to claim 4 is characterized in that: The artificial intelligence learning algorithm also includes an optimization module, which introduces a target optimization function to maximize the purification efficiency maxE and minimize the energy consumption Ppower. maxE-λPpower in: The purification efficiency E is related to the rate of reduction of the pollution index: The energy consumption Ppower is related to the wind speed F and the purification device power N: P power =a·F 2 +b·N λ is the energy consumption weight coefficient, which is used to balance purification efficiency and energy consumption, and a and b are equipment operating parameters.

6. The intelligent ventilation and purification system for garbage room according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The wavelength range of the ultraviolet lamp of the purification device is 250-280nm, and the photocatalytic device uses a titanium dioxide catalyst.

7. The intelligent ventilation and purification system for garbage room according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The system has an alarm function. When the smoke concentration exceeds the set threshold of 1000μg / m 3 Or when the odor concentration exceeds the threshold of 800ppm, the system will sound an audible and visual alarm and start the emergency ventilation mode, in which the fan runs at the maximum wind speed and all exhaust valves are opened.

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