Soil sampling device for geological exploration

Abstract

The invention provides a soil sampling device for geological exploration, relates to the technology of extraction tools for geological exploration, and particularly discloses a rack and a base, one side of the rack is rotatably provided with a first drill rod, the first drill rod is detachably provided with a second drill rod, and the end part, deviating from the first drill rod, of the second drill rod is provided with a tubular drill bit; a position adjusting mechanism for driving the inner cylinder to do reciprocating motion in the vertical direction is arranged in the second drill rod; a rotating mechanism for driving the first drill rod to rotate is mounted on the rack; a driving mechanism for driving the rack to reciprocate in the vertical direction is mounted on the base; the first rolling piece and the second rolling piece are arranged on the inner barrel and the drill bit, the inner barrel and the drill bit move in a reciprocating mode in the feeding direction of core-shaped soil through the position adjusting mechanism, friction force generated when the core-shaped soil makes contact with the inner barrel, the drill bit and other components can be effectively reduced, the core-shaped soil can enter the first drill rod more smoothly through the inner barrel, and therefore the core-shaped soil is prevented from falling off. The resistance in the sampling process is reduced, and the sampling efficiency is improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of extraction tools for geological exploration, and in particular to a soil sampling device for geological exploration. Background Art

[0002] The geological exploration of the Lushan Zouping fault uplift, Xinfushan Laiwu fault uplift, and Mamuchi Yiyuan fault uplift in the survey area located in the North China Plate, the Luxi uplift area, and the Luzhong uplift, the difficulty in finding mineral predictions and resource potential evaluation and submitting prospecting targets is relatively high. The strata developed in this area are mainly Neoarchean, Paleozoic, Mesozoic and Cenozoic, and are partially covered by the Quaternary system; magmatic rocks are widely developed, the structure is mainly brittle fracture, and folds are not developed. In order to fully understand the geology, mineral resources, and geophysical and geochemical exploration of the area, we need to find rich iron and gold mines.

[0003] In the process of geological exploration, workers often need to drill holes in the land to be explored and then take samples of the soil. However, during the drilling process, soil accumulation will appear on the ground at the drilling site due to the drilling. In the subsequent soil sampling process, the accumulated soil may be mixed into the sampled soil, affecting the sampling results. In addition, the above method cannot perform periodic analysis of the collected soil.

[0004] Although, in the existing soil sampling device, a sampling cylinder is inserted into the soil through mechanical equipment for sampling, and in the process of coring the soil, the soil is squeezed into the cylinder to form a core; but the core that enters the cylinder fits tightly with the inner wall of the cylinder, resulting in the core soil that enters the cylinder being difficult to remove from the inside of the cylinder later; and if it is forcibly removed, the integrity of the core soil is easily destroyed, affecting the sampling results, and the geological conditions of the soil at each level cannot be better analyzed later. Summary of the invention

[0005] The object of the present invention is to provide a soil sampling device for geological exploration, which can solve the problems raised by the above-mentioned background technology in view of the shortcomings of the prior art.

[0006] The technical solution of the present invention is achieved in this way: The present invention provides a soil sampling device for geological exploration, comprising a frame and a base, wherein a first drill rod is rotatably provided on one side of the frame, a second drill rod is detachably provided on the first drill rod, and a tubular drill bit is installed at the end of the second drill rod away from the first drill rod; The second drill rod, the first drill rod and the drill bit are connected to form a tubular passage; An inner cylinder is slidably arranged in the tubular passage, an annular groove is provided on the end surface of the drill bit opposite to the inner cylinder, and a part of the inner cylinder is embedded in the annular groove; a positioning mechanism for driving the inner cylinder to reciprocate in the vertical direction is arranged in the second drill rod; a plurality of first annular rolling elements are rotatably arranged on the inner wall of the inner cylinder; A plurality of annular second rolling elements are rotatably arranged on the inner wall of the drill bit; A rotating mechanism for driving the first drill rod to rotate is installed on the frame; A driving mechanism for driving a frame to reciprocate in a vertical direction is installed on the base.

[0007] In some technical solutions of the present invention, the positioning mechanism includes a positioning cylinder installed between the outer wall of the inner cylinder and the inner wall of the second drill rod, the outer wall of the positioning cylinder is connected to the inner wall of the second drill rod, and two protrusions are symmetrically provided on the side wall of the positioning cylinder opposite to the drill bit; A guide ring is installed between the outer wall of the inner tube and the inner wall of the second drill rod, a retaining frame for supporting the guide ring is installed on the inner wall of the second drill rod, a plurality of push rods are passed through the side wall of the guide ring, a return spring connected to the guide ring is sleeved on the push rod, a connecting block is provided at one end of the push rod close to the drill bit, and the connecting block is connected to the outer wall of the inner tube.

[0008] In some technical solutions of the present invention, the rotating mechanism includes a fixed frame installed on the frame, the first drill rod is rotatably set on the fixed frame, a driven wheel is installed on the outer wall of the first drill rod, a driving motor is installed on the frame, a driving wheel is installed on the output end of the driving motor, and a belt is installed between the driving wheel and the driven wheel.

[0009] In some technical solutions of the present invention, the driving mechanism includes a first telescopic rod installed on a base, the base is provided with a guide mechanism for guiding the frame to move in a vertical direction, and the telescopic end of the first telescopic rod is connected to the frame.

[0010] In some technical solutions of the present invention, a guide bar is installed on the outer wall of the drill bit along the axial direction of the second drill rod, and a guide groove adapted to the guide bar is opened on the inner wall of the second drill rod along its axial direction, and a retaining spring connected to the guide bar is installed in the guide groove.

[0011] In some technical solutions of the present invention, the retaining frame includes two limiting rings installed on the inner wall of the second drill pipe, the guide ring is installed between the two limiting rings, and sliding seats are installed on the opposite side walls of the two limiting rings, and the sliding seats abut against the guide rings.

[0012] In some technical solutions of the present invention, the guide mechanism includes a plurality of guide rods arranged around the base, and the free ends of the guide rods are slidably arranged in the frame.

[0013] In some technical solutions of the present invention, a sampling mechanism for taking out the cored soil placed in the first drill rod is installed on the frame.

[0014] In some technical solutions of the present invention, the sampling mechanism includes a mounting frame installed on a frame, a winch is rotatably provided on the mounting frame, a traction rope is wound on the winch, a clamping structure is installed on the free end of the traction rope, and the clamping structure is slidably arranged in the first drill rod.

[0015] In some technical schemes of the present invention, the clamping structure includes a second telescopic rod connected to the traction rope, a mounting seat is slidably provided in the first drill rod, a mounting groove is provided on the side wall of the mounting seat opposite to the drill bit, an adjusting seat is installed in the mounting groove, an inner conical surface is provided on the inner wall of the adjusting seat, the large diameter end of the inner conical surface faces the drill bit side, a number of clamps are installed in the mounting groove, a plurality of limit grooves corresponding to the clamps are provided on the side wall of the mounting seat, limit rods connected to the clamps are penetrated in the limit grooves, adjustment springs are installed in the limit grooves, a slider is installed on the free end of the adjustment spring, and a limit groove matching the slider is provided on the outer wall of the limit rod along its extension direction.

[0016] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has at least the following advantages or beneficial effects: the tubular structure formed by the drill bit, the first drill rod and the second drill rod can enable the soil in the sampling area to smoothly enter the drill bit and form a cylindrical core soil, which is convenient for the subsequent accurate analysis of the soil layer properties of each layer of the soil, thereby improving the accuracy of the analysis; the tubular structure can protect the gradually lengthening core soil to prevent it from breaking in the tubular structure during the sampling process, thereby ensuring the smooth progress of the sampling work; an inner tube is also installed in the tubular structure, and the inner tube and the drill bit are connected to each other. A first rolling member and a second rolling member are respectively arranged on the inner tube and the drill bit, and the inner tube and the drill bit are made to reciprocate along the feeding direction of the core soil through the adjustment mechanism, which can effectively reduce the friction when the core soil contacts with the inner tube, the drill bit and other components, so that the core soil can pass through the inner tube more smoothly into the first drill rod, thereby reducing the resistance during the sampling process and improving the sampling efficiency; the first drill rod and the second drill rod are detachably connected, and first drill rods of different lengths can be selected according to actual needs to sample soil at different depths, thereby enhancing the adaptability of the device and expanding the sampling depth. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0017] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the present invention.

[0018] Figure 2 It is a schematic diagram of the installation structure of the first drill rod and the second drill rod in the present invention.

[0019] Figure 3 It is a schematic diagram of the partial internal structure of the second drill rod in the present invention.

[0020] Figure 4 It is a schematic diagram of a half-section three-dimensional structure of the first drill rod and the second drill rod in the present invention.

[0021] Figure 5 It is a schematic diagram of a half-section three-dimensional structure of the first drill rod in the present invention.

[0022] Figure 6 It is a schematic diagram of a half-section three-dimensional structure of the second drill rod in the present invention.

[0023] Figure 7 It is a schematic diagram of the semi-sectional structure of the first drill rod in the present invention.

[0024] Figure 8 for Figure 7 A local enlarged structural diagram of point A in the middle.

[0025] Fig. 9 It is a schematic diagram of the semi-sectional structure of the second drill rod in the present invention.

[0026] Fig.10 for Fig. 9 A local enlarged structural diagram of point B in the middle.

[0027] Fig.11 for Fig.10 A partial enlarged structural diagram of point C in the middle.

[0028] Fig.12 for Fig.10 A local enlarged structural diagram of point D in the middle.

[0029] Fig.13 for Fig.10 A partial enlarged structural diagram at point E in the middle.

[0030] Figure numerals: 1, frame; 101, winch; 102, guide rod; 103, base; 104, first telescopic rod; 105, driving motor; 106, driving wheel; 107, belt; 108, mounting frame; 109, traction rope; 110, driven wheel; 111, drilling channel; 112, fixing frame; 113, stabilizing seat; 2, first drill rod; 3, second drill rod; 4, drill bit; 5, core soil; 201, splint; 202, mounting seat; 203, second telescopic rod; 204, adjustment seat; 205, Adjusting spring; 206, limiting rod; 207, sliding block; 208, spring sheet; 301, inner tube; 302, adjusting tube; 303, push rod; 304, return spring; 305, guide ring; 306, retaining frame; 307, connecting block; 308, sliding seat; 309, first rolling element; 310, second rolling element; 311, first air guide channel; 312, first exhaust channel; 401, annular groove; 402, guide strip; 403, second exhaust channel; 404, retaining spring; 405, second air guide channel. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0031] In order to make the purpose, technical solutions and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention clearer, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below in conjunction with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Generally, the components of the embodiments of the present invention described and shown in the drawings here can be arranged and designed in various different configurations.

[0032] Therefore, the following detailed description of the embodiments of the present invention provided in the accompanying drawings is not intended to limit the scope of the invention claimed for protection, but merely represents selected embodiments of the present invention. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0033] Example The present invention provides a soil sampling device for geological exploration, such as Figure 1-Figure 13 As shown, it includes a frame 1 and a base 103. The frame 1 is a rectangular frame structure, and the base 103 is detachably connected to the frame 1 by bolts. The base 103 is used to increase the stability of the frame 1 during the sampling process. The side wall of the base 103 is provided with a drilling channel 111. The drilling channel 111 can ensure that the first drill rod 2 and the second drill rod 3 can smoothly enter and exit the base 103. One side of the frame 1 is rotatably provided with a first drill rod 2; the first drill rod 2 is detachably provided with a second drill rod 3, the first drill rod 2 and the second drill rod 3 are connected by a threaded connection, and a part of the second drill rod 3 is embedded in the first drill rod 2. In this way, different lengths of the first drill rod 2 can be selected according to actual needs to sample soil at different depths, thereby improving the adaptability of the present structure. A tubular drill bit 4 is installed at the end of the second drill rod 3 facing away from the first drill rod 2; an inner bevel is provided on the end face of the drill bit 4, so that when the drill bit 4 is driven into the ground by the above structure, the soil in the sampling area can smoothly enter the drill bit 4, and the soil is squeezed by the drill bit 4 to form a cylindrical core soil 5, which is convenient for the later analysis of the soil layer properties of each layer and improves the accuracy of the analysis.

[0034] The second drill rod 3 and the first drill rod 2 are hollow inside. The first drill rod 2, the second drill rod 3 and the drill bit 4 are interconnected to form a tubular passage, and the first drill rod 2, the second drill rod 3 and the drill bit 4 are interconnected to form a tubular structure. The soil passes through the drill bit 4 in the tubular structure to form a core soil 5. Then, the soil moves upward in a predetermined direction in the tubular structure, extending the sampling length of the core soil 5. The tubular structure can protect the gradually lengthening core soil 5 to prevent the core soil 5 from breaking in the tubular structure, thereby interfering with the progress of soil sampling.

[0035] An inner cylinder 301 is slidably arranged in the tubular passage, and the inner diameter of the inner cylinder 301 is slightly larger than the inner diameter of the drill bit 4. An annular groove 401 is provided on the end surface of the drill bit 4 opposite to the inner cylinder 301, and a part of the inner cylinder 301 is embedded in the annular groove 401. A plurality of annular first rolling members 309 are rotatably arranged on the inner wall of the inner cylinder 301. A plurality of annular second rolling members 310 are rotatably arranged on the inner wall of the drill bit 4. The first rolling members 309 and the second rolling members 310 are both solid rubber rings, and the outer side walls of the first rolling members 309 and the second rolling members 310 are both in contact with the outer surface of the core soil 5. In this way, the inner wall of the inner cylinder 301 or the drill bit 4 can be prevented from being closely fitted with the outer side wall of the core soil 5. In addition, the second rolling member 310 installed in the drill bit 4 can perform a preliminary smoothing treatment on the outer wall of the core soil 5 at the moment when the core soil 5 enters, so that the outer wall of the core soil 5 remains relatively smooth. Furthermore, the friction between the core soil 5 and the subsequent components is reduced. The positioning mechanism installed in the second drill rod 3 can provide driving force to the inner cylinder 301, and make the inner cylinder 301 reciprocate in the second drill rod 3 relative to the drill bit 4 in the vertical direction. Further, the friction between the first rolling element 309 installed on the inner cylinder 301 and the core soil 5 is reduced.

[0036] When the first drill rod 2 and the second drill rod 3 push the drill bit 4 to gradually go deep into the ground, the core soil 5 formed by the drill bit 4 gradually enters the inner cylinder 301. The first drill rod 2 and the second drill rod 3 in the rotating state will drive the adjustment mechanism to operate, so that the inner cylinder 301 makes a reciprocating up and down motion relative to the core soil 5. The inner cylinder 301 that makes a reciprocating up and down motion and the first rolling element 309 that is rotated and arranged on the inner cylinder 301 are used to destroy the static friction force generated when the core soil 5 contacts the inner cylinder 301. And when the core soil 5 gradually enters the inner cylinder 301, the core soil 5 will push the first rolling element 309 to make a circular motion in the inner cylinder 301, so that the static friction force generated when the inner cylinder 301 contacts the core soil 5 is converted into rolling friction force. When the core-shaped soil 5 pushes the first rolling element 309 to make a circular motion in the annular groove opened on the inner cylinder 301, the first rolling element 309 can also smooth the outer wall of the core-shaped soil 5, so that the outer wall of the core-shaped soil 5 remains relatively smooth, further reducing the friction between the core-shaped soil 5 and the first rolling element 309; it is convenient for the core-shaped soil 5 to pass through the inner cylinder 301 smoothly and enter the first drill rod 2, providing convenient conditions for the later collection of core-shaped soil 5 samples.

[0037] Preferably, an annular groove is formed on the inner wall of the inner cylinder 301, and a part of the first rolling element 309 is embedded in the annular groove.

[0038] Preferably, a first air guide channel 311 is provided in the inner cylinder 301; a first exhaust channel 312 connected to the first air guide channel 311 is provided on the inner wall of the inner cylinder 301; and a second air guide channel 405 is provided in the drill bit 4, a second exhaust channel 403 connected to the second air guide channel 405 is provided on the inner wall of the drill bit 4, and the second air guide channel 405 is connected to the annular groove 401. The first air guide channel 311 and the annular groove 401 are also connected to each other, and the first air guide channel 311 is connected to an external high-pressure air supply device, which is a booster pump. The air guide structure provided on the inner cylinder 301 and the drill bit 4 can generate an air film in the area where the first rolling element 309 and the second rolling element 310 contact the core-shaped soil 5, further reducing the friction generated when the core-shaped soil 5 contacts the first rolling element 309 and the second rolling element 310.

[0039] Preferably, the inner diameter of the first drill rod 2 is larger than the outer diameter of the inner tube 301, providing a gripping area for collecting the core soil 5, so as to facilitate picking up the core soil 5 gradually entering the first drill rod 2 from the first drill rod 2 in batches.

[0040] In some technical solutions of the present invention, the positioning mechanism includes a positioning cylinder 302 installed between the outer wall of the inner cylinder 301 and the inner wall of the second drill rod 3, and the inner cylinder 301 can slide relative to the positioning cylinder 302. The outer wall of the positioning cylinder 302 and the inner wall of the second drill rod 3 are detachably connected by threaded connection or fixedly connected by welding. Two protrusions are symmetrically arranged on the side wall of the positioning cylinder 302 opposite to the drill bit 4; two concave areas with arcs are formed between the two protrusions. The specific structure formed on the positioning cylinder 302 can be cut by mechanical processing equipment.

[0041] A guide ring 305 is installed between the outer wall of the inner tube 301 and the inner wall of the second drill rod 3 , and a retaining frame 306 for supporting the guide ring 305 is installed on the inner wall of the second drill rod 3 .

[0042] The retainer 306 includes two limit rings installed on the inner wall of the second drill rod 3, and the two limit rings are fixed to the inner side of the second drill rod 3 by means of a latch. The guide ring 305 is installed between the two limit rings, and a sliding seat 308 is installed on the opposite side walls of the two limit rings, and the contact surface between the sliding seat 308 and the guide ring 305 is small. In this way, the retainer 306 can keep the guide ring 305 in a relatively static state relative to the second drill rod 3 in the rotating state during the rotation of the second drill rod 3, so that the guide ring 305 will not be displaced in the vertical direction during the process of the second drill rod 3 going deep into the ground. A plurality of push rods 303 are provided on the side wall of the guide ring 305. The number of the push rods 303 is at least four, and the four push rods 303 are symmetrically arranged in pairs on the side wall of the guide ring 305. A return spring 304 connected to the guide ring 305 is sleeved on the push rod 303. A connecting block 307 is provided at one end of the push rod 303 close to the drill bit 4, and the connecting block 307 is connected to the outer wall of the inner tube 301.

[0043] When the two protrusions on the positioning cylinder 302 rotate with the second drill rod 3, the two protrusions abut against the four push rods 303 divided into two groups at the same time, thereby pushing the inner cylinder 301 connected to the push rods 303 to reciprocate downward in the vertical direction. When the two protrusions are out of contact with the four push rods 303 divided into two groups at the same time, the four push rods 303 gradually fall into two concave areas with arcs. At this time, the return spring 304 will pull the push rods 303 and drive the inner cylinder 301 to move upward in the vertical direction. In this way, the inner cylinder 301 makes reciprocating up and down motions relative to the core-shaped soil 5 in one movement cycle, and the core-shaped soil 5 ascending in the inner cylinder 301 can push the first rolling element 309 installed on the inner cylinder 301 to make a circular motion on the inner wall of the inner cylinder 301, thereby destroying the static friction force generated when the core-shaped soil 5 gradually entering the inner cylinder 301 contacts the first rolling element 309, and converting the static friction force into rolling friction force. This facilitates the core soil 5 to smoothly pass through the inner tube 301 and enter the first drill rod 2, providing convenient conditions for the later collection of core soil 5 samples.

[0044] In some technical solutions of the present invention, a guide bar 402 is installed on the outer wall of the drill bit 4 along the axial direction of the second drill rod 3. The cross section of the guide bar 402 is wedge-shaped or rectangular, and the guide bar 402 is welded to the outer wall of the drill bit 4. A guide groove adapted to the guide bar 402 is opened on the inner wall of the second drill rod 3 along its axial direction, and a retaining spring 404 connected to the guide bar 402 is installed in the guide groove; the retaining spring 404 is used to prevent the drill bit 4 and the second drill rod 3 from having a large relative displacement.

[0045] The process of the positioning mechanism driving the drill bit 4 to move through the inner cylinder 301 is as follows: when the push rod 303 in the positioning mechanism pushes the inner cylinder 301 to move in the second drill rod 3 to a certain moment, the lower end of the inner cylinder 301 abuts against the bottom of the annular groove 401 . The push rod 303 in the positioning mechanism continues to push the inner cylinder 301 to continue to move in the second drill rod 3 in the vertical direction, and the retaining spring 404 connected to the drill bit 4 gradually extends, and the drill bit 4 follows the inner cylinder 301 to move downward in the vertical direction; when the push rod 303 in the positioning mechanism no longer pushes the inner cylinder 301 to continue to move downward in the vertical direction, the inner cylinder 301 and the bottom of the annular groove 401 will gradually lose contact, and the drill bit 4 will gradually return to its original position under the pull of the retaining spring 404; in the above-mentioned movement process, the static friction force generated when the core-shaped soil 5 contacts the inner wall of the drill bit 4 can be destroyed by the drill bit that moves up and down, and the static friction force is converted into rolling friction force, so that the core-shaped soil 5 can smoothly pass through the drill bit 4 and the inner cylinder 301 and enter the first drill rod 2, providing convenient conditions for the later collection of core-shaped soil 5 samples.

[0046] A rotating mechanism for driving the first drill rod 2 to rotate is installed on the frame 1; the rotating mechanism includes a fixed frame 112 welded to the frame 1, and the first drill rod 2 is rotatably arranged on the fixed frame 112 through a bearing. A driven wheel 110 is installed on the outer wall of the first drill rod 2, and the driven wheel 110 and the driving wheel 106 are gears. A driving motor 105 is installed on the frame 1, and a driving wheel 106 is installed on the output end of the driving motor 105. A belt 107 is installed between the driving wheel 106 and the driven wheel 110, and the belt 107 is a belt-type toothed belt structure. Through the above, the driving force output by the driving motor 105 can be transmitted to the first drill rod 2, ensuring that the drill bit 4 can be screwed into the soil and perform sampling operations on the soil.

[0047] A driving mechanism is installed on the base 103, and the driving mechanism is used to drive the frame 1 to reciprocate in the vertical direction. The driving mechanism includes a first telescopic rod 104 installed on the base 103 through a pin shaft, and a guide mechanism for guiding the frame 1 to move in the vertical direction is provided on the base 103. The telescopic end of the first telescopic rod 104 is connected to the frame 1, so that the first telescopic rod 104 can be driven to extend and retract by a hydraulic device, thereby driving the first drill rod 2 into the ground, ensuring that the drill bit 4 can smoothly enter the soil and perform sampling operations on the soil.

[0048] like Figure 1 and Figure 2As shown, the first telescopic rod 104 in the driving mechanism gradually retracts into its body, and the first telescopic rod 104 applies a downward vertical pressure to the frame 1 and the first drill rod 2 arranged on the frame 1; the driving motor 105 arranged in the rotating mechanism drives the first drill rod 2 to perform circular motion on the frame 1 through the driving wheel 106, the belt 107 and the driven wheel 110, and the drill bit 4 is driven into the soil under the joint action of the driving mechanism and the rotating mechanism, ensuring that the soil sampling work of this structure is carried out smoothly.

[0049] In some technical schemes of the present invention, the guide mechanism includes a plurality of guide rods 102 arranged around the base 103, the number of the guide rods 102 is 4, the guide rods 102 are all welded to the base 103, and the free ends of the four guide rods 102 are all inserted into the four prisms of the frame 1. In this way, the free ends of the guide rods 102 are all slidably arranged in the frame 1, ensuring that when the first telescopic rod 104 is extended and retracted, the frame 1 can move in the vertical direction under the push of the first telescopic rod 104, thereby avoiding the first drill rod 2 from being skewed and causing the soil sampling work to be unable to proceed smoothly.

[0050] In some technical solutions of the present invention, a sampling mechanism for taking out the core soil 5 placed in the first drill rod 2 is installed on the frame 1.

[0051] In some technical solutions of the present invention, the sampling mechanism includes a mounting frame 108 fixedly mounted on the frame 1 by bolts, the mounting frame 108 is a rectangular frame structure, a winch 101 is rotatably provided on the mounting frame 108 through a rotating shaft, and a traction rope 109 is wound around the winch 101. The traction rope 109 is a cable or a steel rope, and a clamping structure is installed on the free end of the traction rope 109, and the clamping structure is slidably arranged in the first drill rod 2.

[0052] In some technical solutions of the present invention, the clamping structure includes a second telescopic rod 203 connected to the traction rope 109, and a stabilizing seat 113 is also installed on the second telescopic rod 203, and the stabilizing seat 113 is connected to the free end of the traction rope 109. The stabilizing seat 113 can overlap the first drill rod 2 to limit the body of the second telescopic rod 203, so that the telescopic end of the second telescopic rod 203 enters the first drill rod 2 to adjust the depth of the clamping plate 201 entering the first drill rod 2. A mounting seat 202 is slidably provided in the first drill rod 2, and a limiting strip is welded on the mounting seat 202, and a limiting groove adapted to the limiting strip is opened on the inner wall of the first drill rod 2 in the vertical direction, which is used to prevent the second telescopic rod 203 connected to the mounting seat 202 from rotating. The side wall of the mounting seat 202 opposite to the drill bit 4 is provided with a mounting groove, and a positioning seat 204 is installed in the mounting groove. An internal thread threadedly connected to the positioning seat 204 is provided on the inner wall of the mounting groove, and an external thread is provided on the outer wall of the positioning seat 204, and the external thread is meshed with the internal thread. An inner wall of the positioning seat 204 is provided with an annular inner cone surface, and the large diameter end of the inner cone surface faces the drill bit 4 side. The cross section of the positioning seat 204 is a right-angled trapezoid, the hypotenuse of the right-angled trapezoid is away from the inner wall of the first drill rod 2, and the lower bottom side of the right-angled trapezoid is in contact with the bottom of the mounting groove. A plurality of clamping plates 201 are installed in the mounting groove, and the number of the clamping plates 201 is 4, and the clamping plates 201 are arc-shaped. The four clamping plates 201 are enclosed to form a circular ring, and the upper end of the clamping plate 201 is in contact with the large diameter end of the inner cone surface. A plurality of limit grooves corresponding to the splint 201 are provided on the side wall of the mounting seat 202, and a limit rod 206 connected to the splint 201 is passed through the limit grooves, and a positioning spring 205 is installed in the limit grooves. A slider 207 is installed on the free end of the positioning spring 205, and the slider 207 is a dovetail block. A limit groove adapted to the slider 207 is provided on the outer wall of the limit rod 206 along its extension direction, and the limit groove is a dovetail groove.

[0053] The working principle of the sampling mechanism is as follows: after the first drill rod 2 and the second drill rod 3 stop rotating, the winch 101 installed on the mounting frame 108 gradually releases the traction rope 109 wound thereon, and at this time, the clamping structure uses the falling force to pull the traction rope 109 gradually into the first drill rod 2, and the four clamping plates 201 enclosing the ring shape gradually wrap the core-shaped soil 5 placed in the first drill rod 2. Subsequently, the telescopic end of the second telescopic rod 203 pushes the mounting seat 202 to approach the top of the core-shaped soil 5, and at this time, the adjustment seat 204 installed on the mounting seat 202 will push the clamping plates 201 to move closer to each other along the radial direction of the adjustment seat 204. In addition, the adjustment spring 205 that abuts against the limit rod 206 through the slider 207 is compressed, and a part of the limit rod 206 will extend out of the mounting seat 202. The outer layer of the core soil 5 can be wrapped while the core soil 5 is clamped, and a plurality of spring sheets 208 corresponding to the clamping plates 201 are installed on the upper bottom edge of the position adjustment seat 204, and a limiting protrusion is installed on the side wall where the spring sheet 208 abuts against the clamping plate 201. A plurality of locking grooves adapted to the limiting protrusions are provided on the outer wall of the clamping plate 201 along the axial direction of the first drill rod 2, so as to avoid the problem that the clamping force of the clamping plate 201 on the core soil 5 is suddenly reduced or lost after the clamping force is reversed when the traction rope lifts the clamping structure out of the first drill rod 2, resulting in the core soil 5 being unable to be smoothly taken out of the first drill rod 2.

[0054] The above are only preferred embodiments of the present invention and are not intended to limit the present invention. For those skilled in the art, the present invention may have various modifications and variations. Any modification, equivalent replacement, improvement, etc. made within the spirit and principle of the present invention shall be included in the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A soil sampling device for geological exploration, characterized in that: It comprises a frame (1) and a base (103), wherein a first drill rod (2) is rotatably provided on one side of the frame (1), a second drill rod (3) is detachably provided on the first drill rod (2), and a tubular drill bit (4) is installed on the end of the second drill rod (3) facing away from the first drill rod (2); The second drill rod (3), the first drill rod (2) and the drill bit (4) are connected to form a tubular channel; An inner cylinder (301) is slidably disposed in the tubular passage; an annular groove (401) is formed on the end surface of the drill bit (4) opposite to the inner cylinder (301); a portion of the inner cylinder (301) is embedded in the annular groove (401); a positioning mechanism for driving the inner cylinder (301) to reciprocate in a vertical direction is disposed in the second drill rod (3); and a plurality of first annular rolling elements (309) are rotatably disposed on the inner wall of the inner cylinder (301); A plurality of annular second rolling elements (310) are rotatably provided on the inner wall of the drill bit (4); The frame (1) is provided with a rotating mechanism for driving the first drill rod (2) to rotate; A driving mechanism for driving the frame (1) to reciprocate in a vertical direction is installed on the base (103).

2. A soil sampling device for geological exploration according to claim 1, characterized in that: The positioning mechanism comprises a positioning cylinder (302) installed between the outer wall of the inner cylinder (301) and the inner wall of the second drill rod (3), the outer wall of the positioning cylinder (302) being connected to the inner wall of the second drill rod (3), and two protrusions being symmetrically arranged on the side wall of the positioning cylinder (302) opposite to the drill bit (4); A guide ring (305) is installed between the outer wall of the inner cylinder (301) and the inner wall of the second drill rod (3); a retaining frame (306) for supporting the guide ring (305) is installed on the inner wall of the second drill rod (3); a plurality of push rods (303) are inserted through the side wall of the guide ring (305); a return spring (304) connected to the guide ring (305) is sleeved on the push rod (303); a connecting block (307) is provided at one end of the push rod (303) close to the drill bit (4); and the connecting block (307) is connected to the outer wall of the inner cylinder (301).

3. A soil sampling device for geological exploration according to claim 1, characterized in that: The rotating mechanism comprises a fixing frame (112) mounted on the frame (1); the first drill rod (2) is rotatably mounted on the fixing frame (112); a driven wheel (110) is mounted on the outer side wall of the first drill rod (2); a driving motor (105) is mounted on the frame (1); a driving wheel (106) is mounted on the output end of the driving motor (105); and a belt (107) is mounted between the driving wheel (106) and the driven wheel (110).

4. A soil sampling device for geological exploration according to claim 1, characterized in that: The driving mechanism comprises a first telescopic rod (104) mounted on the base (103); a guide mechanism for guiding the frame (1) to move in a vertical direction is provided on the base (103); a telescopic end of the first telescopic rod (104) is connected to the frame (1).

5. A soil sampling device for geological exploration according to claim 2, characterized in that: A guide bar (402) is installed on the outer wall of the drill bit (4) along the axial direction of the second drill rod (3), and a guide groove adapted to the guide bar (402) is opened on the inner wall of the second drill rod (3) along its axial direction, and a retaining spring (404) connected to the guide bar (402) is installed in the guide groove.

6. A soil sampling device for geological exploration according to claim 2, characterized in that: The retaining frame (306) comprises two limiting rings mounted on the inner wall of the second drill rod (3), the guide ring (305) is mounted between the two limiting rings, and sliding seats (308) are mounted on opposite side walls of the two limiting rings, and the sliding seats (308) are in contact with the guide rings (305).

7. A soil sampling device for geological exploration according to claim 4, characterized in that: The guide mechanism comprises a plurality of guide rods (102) arranged around the base (103), and the free ends of the guide rods (102) are slidably arranged in the frame (1).

8. A soil sampling device for geological exploration according to any one of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that: A sampling mechanism for taking out the core soil (5) placed in the first drill rod (2) is installed on the frame (1).

9. A soil sampling device for geological exploration according to claim 8, characterized in that: The sampling mechanism comprises a mounting frame (108) mounted on the frame (1), a winch (101) being rotatably provided on the mounting frame (108), a traction rope (109) being wound around the winch (101), a clamping structure being mounted on the free end of the traction rope (109), and the clamping structure being slidably disposed in the first drill rod (2).

10. A soil sampling device for geological exploration according to claim 9, characterized in that: The clamping structure comprises a second telescopic rod (203) connected to the traction rope (109); a mounting seat (202) is slidably provided in the first drill rod (2); a mounting groove is provided on the side wall of the mounting seat (202) opposite to the drill bit (4); a positioning seat (204) is installed in the mounting groove; an annular inner conical surface is provided on the inner wall of the positioning seat (204); the large diameter end of the inner conical surface faces the drill bit (4); a plurality of clamping plates (201) are installed in the mounting groove; a plurality of limiting grooves corresponding to the clamping plates (201) are provided on the side wall of the mounting seat (202); and each of the limiting grooves is provided with a plurality of retaining grooves corresponding to the clamping plates (201). A limiting rod (206) connected to the mounting seat (201) is provided, wherein a positioning spring (205) is installed in each of the limiting grooves, a sliding block (207) is installed on the free end of the positioning spring (205), and a limiting groove adapted to the sliding block (207) is provided on the outer wall of the limiting rod (206) along its extension direction; a plurality of spring sheets (208) corresponding to the clamping plate (201) are installed on the side wall of the positioning seat (204) away from the mounting seat (202), a limiting protrusion is installed on the side wall where the spring sheet (208) abuts against the clamping plate (201), and a plurality of locking grooves adapted to the limiting protrusion are provided on the outer wall of the clamping plate (201).

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