A light-weight substrate sampler

Abstract

The application provides a light substrate sampler, which comprises a substrate suction member, a touch switch member and a lifting member; the substrate suction member comprises a suction cylinder, a conical cylinder, a spring and a piston plate, the touch switch member comprises a striker, a striker outer cylinder and a magnetic attraction switch rod, and the lifting member comprises a reaction bin and a communication pipe. The sampler in the application has the advantages of small self weight, adaptability to unmanned aerial vehicles or unmanned ships, and capability of recovering substrate samples and collectors without large pulling force.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present application relates to the technical field of underwater exploration, in particular to a light seabed sampler. BACKGROUND

[0002] During marine survey, the collection and analysis of seabed samples is a very important work link. In the offshore area of muddy coast, there are often more sandbars. The water depth of the shallow part of the sandbar is limited, and when seabed sampling is carried out, the traditional method is to wait for the high tide period for operation, so the efficiency is low and the manpower is consumed. A kind of unmanned aerial vehicle layered water quality sampling and fixed depth seabed sampling method (application number 202210882493.0) uses an automatic winch and an automatic wire dispenser to carry out operation by suspending the unmanned aerial vehicle, but it has a relatively high cost and has a relatively high requirement for the pulling load of the unmanned aerial vehicle.

[0003] At present, a bivalve sampler or a pipe sampler is generally used for operation, but since the seabed sampling needs to immerse the collector into the seabed surface layer, the traditional method is to increase the self-weight of the sampler, which has a certain requirement for the pulling force in the lifting process. Another way is to drill a hole by anchoring at the sampling point, which has a higher requirement for the ship and the sampler and needs a large amount of capital cost. SUMMARY

[0004] The problem to be solved by the present application is to develop a light seabed sampler, which is used for seabed sampling in the muddy coast.

[0005] To solve the above technical problems, the technical scheme adopted by the present application is: a light seabed sampler, comprising a seabed sampling and suction component, a touch switch component and a lifting component.

[0006] The seabed sampling and suction component comprises a collection suction cylinder, a conical cylinder, a spring and a piston plate, the conical cylinder is in communication with the collection suction cylinder and coaxial, the conical cylinder is fixed to the lower end of the collection suction cylinder, the upper end of the collection suction cylinder is a closed end, at least two first through holes are uniformly distributed around the axis of the outer wall of the collection suction cylinder, the lower part of the outer wall of the collection suction cylinder has a second through hole, the piston plate is located in the collection suction cylinder, the outer diameter of the piston plate is adapted to the inner diameter of the collection suction cylinder, the piston plate is in sliding connection with the collection suction cylinder, the sidewall of the piston plate has a switch hole corresponding to the second through hole and having the same inner diameter, the two ends of the spring are fixed to the upper end of the collection suction cylinder and the piston plate respectively, and the area between the top of the collection suction cylinder and the piston plate in the collection suction cylinder is a vacuum area.

[0007] The touch switch member comprises a striker, a striker outer cylinder and a magnetic attraction switch rod, the axis of the striker outer cylinder is parallel to the axis of the collection suction cylinder, the striker outer cylinder is fixed on the outer wall of the collection suction cylinder, the striker outer cylinder has a circular hole which is through the second through hole, the upper part of the striker is limited in the striker outer cylinder and is in sliding connection with the striker outer cylinder, the lower part of the striker has a magnetic material section, when the striker is naturally hung on the striker outer cylinder, the lower end of the striker extends below the lower end of the conical cylinder, the magnetic attraction switch rod passes through the second through hole and is in sliding connection with the second through hole, one end of the magnetic attraction switch rod can be deep into the switch hole;

[0008] The lifting member comprises a reaction bin and a communication pipe, the reaction bin is located outside the collection suction cylinder, two ends of the communication pipe are connected to the first through hole and the side wall of the reaction bin respectively, the communication pipe communicates the reaction bin with the collection suction cylinder, the communication pipe has a one-way valve and a filter screen, calcium blocks are placed in the reaction bin, the top of the reaction bin has an open port which is closed by an elastic rubber film.

[0009] Optionally, the conical cylinder is made of stainless steel material.

[0010] Optionally, the outer wall of the piston plate is made of rubber material.

[0011] Optionally, the conical cylinder has a magnetic cover plate at the suction inlet of the lower end, the edge of the magnetic cover plate is rotatably connected with the edge of the suction inlet, the front and back surfaces of the magnetic cover plate can be respectively magnetically attracted to the outer wall of the conical cylinder and the edge of the suction inlet.

[0012] The sampler has the advantages and positive effects that the sampler has small self-weight, can be adapted to a UAV or an unmanned ship, and can recover the bottom sample and the collector without large pulling force. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0013] Figure 1 is the overall structure schematic diagram of the embodiment of the present application;

[0014] Figure 2 is Figure 1 is the enlarged structure schematic diagram of the bottom sample collection and suction member;

[0015] Figure 3 is Figure 1 is the structure schematic diagram of the touch switch member;

[0016] In the figure: 1, touch switch component; 101, striker; 102, striker outer cylinder; 103, magnetic attraction switch rod; 104, magnetic material section; 105, round hole; 2, bottom quality sampling and suction component; 201, conical cylinder; 202, sampling and suction cylinder; 203, piston plate; 204, spring; 205, magnetic cover plate; 206, first through hole; 207, second through hole; 208, switch hole; 3, lifting component; 301, communication pipe; 302, reaction bin; 303, elastic rubber film. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0017] The application will be further described below in connection with specific embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are merely set forth for the purpose of explanation and are not intended to limit the application. In the description of the application, it should be understood that the terms "center", "longitudinal", "transverse", "upper", "lower", "front", "back", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inner", "outer" and the like indicate the orientation or positional relationship shown in the drawings, and are only used to facilitate the description of the application and simplify the description, and therefore cannot be understood as indicating or implying that the device or element referred to must have a particular orientation, be constructed and operated in a particular orientation, and therefore cannot be understood as limiting the application. In the description of the application, it should be noted that unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited, the terms "mounting", "connection", "connection" should be understood broadly, for example, it can be fixed connection, or detachable connection, or integral connection; it can be mechanical connection, or electrical connection; it can be direct connection, or indirect connection through intermediate medium, or internal connection of two components. For those skilled in the art, the specific meaning of the above terms in the application can be understood according to the specific circumstances.

[0018] As shown in the figure, the application provides a light bottom quality sampler, which comprises a bottom quality sampling and suction component 2, a touch switch component 1 and a lifting component 3.

[0019] The bottom material sampling and suction member comprises a sampling and suction cylinder 202, a conical cylinder 201 made of stainless steel, a spring 204 and a piston plate 203. The conical cylinder 201 has a good sealing state, is in communication with the sampling and suction cylinder 202 and coaxial with the sampling and suction cylinder 202, is fixed to the lower end of the sampling and suction cylinder 202, and the upper end of the sampling and suction cylinder 202 is a closed end. Two first through holes 206 are uniformly distributed around the axis of the upper part of the outer wall of the sampling and suction cylinder 202, and a second through hole 207 is arranged on the lower part of the outer wall of the sampling and suction cylinder 202. The piston plate 203 is located in the sampling and suction cylinder 202, the outer diameter of the piston plate 203 is matched with the inner diameter of the sampling and suction cylinder 202, the piston plate 203 can close the cross section of the sampling and suction cylinder 202, the piston plate 203 is in sliding connection with the sampling and suction cylinder 202, the side surface of the piston plate 203 is made of rubber material to ensure the sealing property, the piston plate 203 has a certain thickness, the contact part of the piston plate 203 and the conical cylinder 201 is lubricated and sealed by grease, the inside of the sampling and suction cylinder 202 is kept in a vacuum state, the side wall of the piston plate 203 has a switch hole 208 corresponding to the second through hole 207 and having the same inner diameter, and the two ends of the spring 204 are fixed to the upper end of the sampling and suction cylinder 202 and the piston plate 203 respectively. The area between the top of the sampling and suction cylinder 202 and the piston plate 203 is a vacuum area.

[0020] The touch switch member 1 comprises a striker 101, a striker outer cylinder 102 and a magnetic attraction switch rod 103. The axis of the striker outer cylinder 102 is parallel to the axis of the sampling and suction cylinder 202, the striker outer cylinder 102 is fixed to the outer wall of the sampling and suction cylinder 202, the side wall of the striker outer cylinder 102 has a circular hole 105 penetrating the second through hole 207, the upper part of the striker 101 is located in the striker outer cylinder 102 and is in sliding connection with the striker outer cylinder 102, the lower part of the striker 101 has a magnetic material segment 104, when the striker 101 is naturally hung on the striker outer cylinder 102, the lower end of the striker 101 extends below the lower end of the conical cylinder 201, the magnetic attraction switch rod 103 penetrates the second through hole 207 and is in sliding connection with the second through hole 207, one end of the magnetic attraction switch rod 103 can penetrate into the switch hole 208, the sampling and suction cylinder 202 and the piston plate 203 are in a piston structure, the spring 204 is in a pulling state and has a contraction tendency, the piston plate 203 has a tendency to move upward, but cannot move due to the influence of the side magnetic attraction switch rod 103 in the switch hole, when the sampler gradually descends from the water surface layer to the seabed, the lower end of the striker 101 hits the seabed, the striker 101 can slide upward in the striker outer cylinder 102, the magnetic material segment 104 of the lower part of the striker 101 moves upward, when the magnetic material segment 104 moves to the position of the circular hole 105, the magnetic material segment 104 on the striker 101 attracts the magnetic attraction switch rod 103 to move to the outside of the sampling and suction cylinder 202, so that the magnetic attraction switch rod 103 slides out of the switch hole 208 on the side of the piston plate 203.

[0021] The lifting member 3 comprises a reaction chamber 302 and a communication pipe 301, the reaction chamber 302 is located outside the collection suction cylinder 202, the two ends of the communication pipe 301 are connected to the first through hole 206 and the side wall of the reaction chamber 302 respectively, the communication pipe 301 communicates the reaction chamber 302 with the collection suction cylinder 202, the communication pipe 301 has a one-way valve and a filter screen, calcium blocks are placed in the reaction chamber 302, the top of the reaction chamber 302 has an open port, the open port is closed by an elastic rubber film 303, the one-way valve enables the fluid in the collection suction cylinder 202 to flow only from the collection suction cylinder 202 to the reaction chamber 302, and cannot flow in the opposite direction, and the filter screen ensures that only seawater flows into the reaction chamber 302, wherein the calcium blocks are pure calcium, seawater and the calcium blocks have a chemical reaction, and the reaction formula is as follows:

[0022] Ca+2H2O→Ca(OH)2+H2

[0023] The reaction produces a large amount of hydrogen gas to fill the reaction chamber 302, and the elastic rubber film 303 will be deformed and protrude under the action of the pressure, and the whole process is similar to blowing up a balloon.

[0024] Taking the light substrate sampler and the total weight of the inhaled seawater and the sand as 50 kg (larger than the actual situation, and it is quite laborious to pull up at this time) as an example, the buoyancy formula F = pVg is calculated.

[0025] Wherein: F is the buoyancy, p is the density of the fluid, V is the volume of the fluid displaced, and g is the acceleration of gravity;

[0026] The weight of the buoyancy F is 50 kg, which is equivalent to the weight of 50*9.8 N, so the density is substituted into the formula and V = 0.05 m is solved. 3 That is, 50L, which is within an acceptable range.

[0027] At this time, the water depth of the nearshore area is 20 m (larger than the actual situation), and the amount of hydrogen gas required for 0.05 m3 under the pressure of 20 m water is calculated.

[0028] The ideal gas state equation PV = nRT is used, wherein:

[0029] P is the pressure, V is the volume, n is the number of moles, R is the ideal gas constant, and T is the absolute temperature.

[0030] P = pgh = P = 1000 kg / m3*9.8 m / s2*20 m = 196000 Pa; it is assumed that T is 20℃

[0031] n = PV / RT = 196000*0.05 / 8.314*293.15 ≈ 4.02 mol

[0032] According to the reaction formula of Ca and H2O:

[0033] Ca + 2H2O → Ca(OH)2+ H2

[0034] Assuming that 4.5 mol of hydrogen gas is to be generated, 4.5 mol of calcium block is required for conversion, and the molar mass of calcium is about 40.08 g / mol, so the mass of calcium block is 180.36 g (about 0.12 L), and at this time the reaction will produce 333.405 g of calcium hydroxide (about 0.15 L).

[0035] From the above calculation data, it can be seen that when the sampler itself is lighter, the required balloon volume, calcium block, etc. is smaller, so that the whole device can be made to float in water by putting no more than 180 g of calcium block with no more than 50 L of balloon.

[0036] The lower end of the conical cylinder 201 has a magnetic cover plate 205 at the suction inlet, the edge of the magnetic cover plate 205 is rotatably connected with the edge of the suction inlet, and the front and back surfaces of the magnetic cover plate 205 can be respectively magnetically attracted to the outer wall of the conical cylinder 201 and the edge of the suction inlet. Before sampling, the magnetic cover plate 205 is magnetically attracted to one side of the suction inlet at the bottom of the conical cylinder 201, and the contact area between them is small, i.e. the magnetic attraction is small. During the upward floating process of the light substrate sampler, the water pressure gradually decreases, the volume of the convex elastic rubber membrane 303 gradually increases, and the buoyancy of the whole sampler gradually increases, so the upward speed increases. At this time, the magnetic cover plate 205 is impacted by the water body and falls off from the outside of the conical cylinder 201, and the magnetic cover plate 205 is freely rotatable and is magnetically attracted to the suction inlet of the conical cylinder 201, closing the suction inlet at the bottom of the conical cylinder 201.

[0037] The working principle of the light substrate sampler of the present application is as follows: before sampling, one end of the magnetic attraction switch rod 103 is inserted into the switch hole 208 in the side of the piston plate 203, and the magnetic attraction switch rod 103 keeps the piston plate 203 in the lower part of the collection suction cylinder 202. Since the piston plate 203 has a certain thickness, the self-weight of the piston plate 203 can keep it from being skewed in the cross section of the collection suction cylinder 202 under the limiting action of the magnetic attraction switch rod 103, thereby ensuring the vacuum state in the collection suction cylinder 202. At this time, the spring 204 is in a pulling state and has a contraction tendency. The area above the piston plate 203 in the collection suction cylinder 202 is a vacuum area. The material and size of the light substrate sampler can make the overall density greater than water when the sampler is not sampling, that is, the sampler will gradually sink to the bottom, and the device remains in a vertical state during sinking to the bottom, so that the striker 101 is located at the lowermost part of the device. When the light substrate sampler descends to the seabed surface, the striker 101 hits the seabed, and then slides upward under the action of the seabed bottom support. When the striker 101 reaches a certain range, the magnetic material segment 104 at the bottom of the striker 101 will attract the magnetic attraction switch rod 103 to move, so that the magnetic attraction switch rod 103 slides out of the switch hole 208 in the side of the piston plate 203 and is attracted to the magnetic material segment 104. The spring 204 structure contracts and drives the piston plate 203 to move upward. At this time, the silt substrate will be sucked into the collection suction cylinder 202 from the conical cylinder 201 by the suction force.

[0038] When enough substrate is sucked into the collection suction cylinder 202 and the position of the piston plate 203 is located above the first through hole 206 in the upper part of the collection suction cylinder 202, the water in the substrate entering the collection suction cylinder 202 will pass through the filter screen in turn, flow through the one-way valve, and enter the reaction bin 302. At this time, the entering seawater will react with the calcium block, that is, the water in the reaction bin 302 will react with the calcium block to generate hydrogen gas and calcium hydroxide solution. As the reaction proceeds, the closed reaction bin 302 will gradually fill with hydrogen gas, and the pressure in the reaction bin 302 gradually increases. When the pressure is greater than the water pressure at the depth of the sampler, the hydrogen gas will cause the elastic rubber membrane 303 at the top of the reaction bin 302 to expand. When the elastic rubber membrane 303 expands to a certain volume, the buoyancy of the light substrate sampler is greater than its own weight, and the sampler will gradually float from the seabed. As the water pressure decreases during the floating process, the volume of the gas in the elastic rubber membrane 303 gradually increases, and the floating speed gradually increases, until the elastic rubber membrane 303 floats to the water surface.

[0039] The embodiments of the present application are described in detail above, but the content described is only the preferred embodiments of the present application and cannot be considered as limiting the scope of the implementation of the present application. Any equivalent changes and improvements made within the scope of the present application should still belong to the patent coverage of the present application.

Claims

1. A lightweight substrate sampler, characterized in that: This includes bottom sediment collection components, touch switch components, and lifting components; The sediment sampling component includes a sampling suction cylinder, a conical cylinder, a spring, and a piston plate. The conical cylinder is connected to and coaxial with the sampling suction cylinder. The conical cylinder is fixed to the lower end of the sampling suction cylinder. The upper end of the sampling suction cylinder is a closed end. At least two first through holes are evenly distributed around the axis of the upper part of the outer wall of the sampling suction cylinder. The lower part of the outer wall of the sampling suction cylinder has a second through hole. The piston plate is located inside the sampling suction cylinder. The outer diameter of the piston plate is adapted to the inner diameter of the sampling suction cylinder. The piston plate is slidably connected to the sampling suction cylinder. The side wall of the piston plate has a switch hole corresponding to the second through hole and having the same inner diameter. The two ends of the spring are respectively fixed to the upper end of the sampling suction cylinder and the piston plate. The area inside the sampling suction cylinder from its top to the piston plate is a vacuum area. The touch switch component includes a striker, a striker outer cylinder, and a magnetic switch rod. The axis of the striker outer cylinder is parallel to the axis of the collection suction cylinder. The striker outer cylinder is fixed to the outer wall of the collection suction cylinder. The striker outer cylinder has a circular hole that communicates with the second through hole. The upper part of the striker is limited to the striker outer cylinder and is slidably connected to the striker outer cylinder. The lower part of the striker has a magnetic material section. When the striker is naturally suspended on the striker outer cylinder, the lower end of the striker extends below the lower end of the conical cylinder. The magnetic switch rod passes through the second through hole and is slidably connected to the second through hole. One end of the magnetic switch rod can penetrate into the switch hole. The lifting component includes a reaction chamber and a connecting pipe. The reaction chamber is located outside the collection suction cylinder. The two ends of the connecting pipe are respectively connected to the first through hole and the side wall of the reaction chamber. The connecting pipe connects the reaction chamber to the collection suction cylinder. The connecting pipe has a one-way valve and a filter screen. Calcium blocks are placed inside the reaction chamber. The top of the reaction chamber has an opening, which is sealed with an elastic rubber membrane.

2. The lightweight substrate sampler according to claim 1, characterized in that: The conical cylinder is made of stainless steel.

3. The lightweight substrate sampler according to claim 1, characterized in that: The outer wall of the piston plate is made of rubber material.

4. The lightweight substrate sampler according to any one of claims 1-3, characterized in that: The lower end of the conical cylinder has a magnetic cover plate at the inlet. The edge of the magnetic cover plate is rotatably connected to the edge of the inlet. The front and back sides of the magnetic cover plate can be magnetically attracted to the outer wall of the conical cylinder and the edge of the inlet, respectively.

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